CN102487676A - Method of planting herba houttuyniae in greenhouse - Google Patents
Method of planting herba houttuyniae in greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN102487676A CN102487676A CN2011103612561A CN201110361256A CN102487676A CN 102487676 A CN102487676 A CN 102487676A CN 2011103612561 A CN2011103612561 A CN 2011103612561A CN 201110361256 A CN201110361256 A CN 201110361256A CN 102487676 A CN102487676 A CN 102487676A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- UAJTZZNRJCKXJN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-dodecoxy-2-oxoethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CS([O-])(=O)=O UAJTZZNRJCKXJN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title description 2
- 240000000691 Houttuynia cordata Species 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000013719 Houttuynia cordata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 150000003112 potassium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013717 Houttuynia Nutrition 0.000 description 82
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 description 34
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000020995 raw meat Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- XJLDYKIEURAVBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-decanone Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)CC XJLDYKIEURAVBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003698 anagen phase Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001232787 Epiphragma Species 0.000 description 2
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001120 potassium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000758794 Asarum Species 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000611 regression analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种鱼腥草大棚种植方法，包括如下步骤：1、大棚建设；2、栽种：选择pH5.0～6.5、有机质含量20-25g/kg，全氮为1.0-1.5g/kg，速效钾含量为100-150mg/kg，速效磷含量为40-50mg/kg的沙壤土；选择带有1-2个芽眼的优质鱼腥草种茎，按40-50kg/亩的播种量散播于圃地上，全年均可播种；3、管理：包括温度控制、灌溉、追肥、除草及病虫害防治。本发明鱼腥草大棚种植方法尤其能解决冬、春季(11月-5月)鲜鱼腥草地上部分供应不足的问题，使鱼腥草地上部分在冬、春季也能正常生长，并且大棚种植鱼腥草还缩短了其生育期，产量显著高于裸地种植的。The invention relates to a greenhouse planting method of Houttuynia cordata, comprising the following steps: 1. Construction of a greenhouse; 2. Planting: selecting pH 5.0-6.5, organic matter content 20-25g/kg, total nitrogen 1.0-1.5g/kg, quick-acting Sandy loam soil with a potassium content of 100-150mg/kg and an available phosphorus content of 40-50mg/kg; select high-quality Houttuynia cordata seed stems with 1-2 bud eyes, and spread them on the nursery at a seeding rate of 40-50kg/mu , can be sown throughout the year; 3. Management: including temperature control, irrigation, top dressing, weeding and pest control. The greenhouse planting method of Houttuynia cordata of the present invention can especially solve the problem of insufficient supply of fresh Houttuynia cordata aboveground parts in winter and spring (November to May), so that the aboveground parts of Houttuynia cordata can grow normally in winter and spring, and can be planted in greenhouses. Houttuynia cordata also shortened its growth period, and its yield was significantly higher than that planted in bare land.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cordate houttuynia kind method for planting, particularly a kind of cordate houttuynia greenhouse gardening method.
Background technology
Cordate houttuynia (Houttuynia cordata Thunb) formal name used at school heartleaf houttuynia belongs to the Saururaceae heartleaf houttuynia and belongs to, and is the perennial root herbaceos perennial.It is edible that cordate houttuynia mainly is made for vegetables with young stem and leaf and subterranean stem, but complete stool using fresh herb or dry be used as medicine, formally confirmed as one of the resource of the great exploitation potential for its of " being medicine, is again food " by health ministry, receive people's attention day by day.Cordate houttuynia always is a wild plant, carries out artificial cultivation since the beginning of the forties in last century, but because winter low temperature can not guarantee the growth of cordate houttuynia acrial part, therefore the supply of cordate houttuynia is got into a difficult position.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of cordate houttuynia greenhouse gardening method.
Cordate houttuynia kind method for planting of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) booth construction: comprise bow type or type bow type crossbeam of cross direction profiles, horizontal bar or the cross bar that vertically distributes; Adopt long 25-30m, wide 5-6m, the transparent PVP film of high 3-3.5m; Girder: bamboo; Framework: steel pipe; Garden put up a shed on the ground frame, lid film constitute the green house main body;
(2) plantation
1. ground, garden is prepared: select pH5.0～6.5, content of organic matter 20-25g/kg, full nitrogen is 1.0-1.5g/kg, and quick-acting potassium content is 100-150mg/kg, and available phosphorus contents is the sandy loam of 40-50mg/kg;
2. whole ground: with selected ground, garden, after before sowing, ground being turned over, divide the railway carriage or compartment by following distance, i.e. the wide 5-6m in railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment furrow width 1-2m, dark 0.4-0.5m smashs to pieces railway carriage or compartment face earth smooth behind the diffusing fertilise;
3. sowing: select to have the unblemished fish raw meat grass seeds stem of 1-2 eye, disseminate in the garden on the ground by the seeding quantity of 40-50kg/ mu; Earthing then, thickness of earth-fill cover is advisable with 10-15cm; All can sow the whole year;
4. overlay film time: after sowing finishes, directly put up plastic film or postpone and putting up again in several days;
(3) management
1. adjustment control: budding time (promptly plantation back to each kind stem is sent out till 1-2 the bud),, daytime temperature is controlled at 20-25 ℃ of scope in ground, the garden plantation layer; After this then cool the temperature to 20 ℃;
2. irrigate: ground, whole growth phase garden will keep soil moisture greater than 75%, waters 3-5 time;
3. topdress: in neat seedling stage, carry seedling, every mu of 1000-1500kg with the farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Every mu adds urea 15-20kg in addition during fertilising; Nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer 5-8kg, wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mass ratio are 15 or 16: 15 or 16: 15 or 16, dissolve in wherein to apply in the lump; Stem, leaf vigorous period (mid-May-to mid-June), every mu of farmyard manure 1000-1500kg that executes to become thoroughly decomposed, every mu adds urea 10-12kg in addition and dissolves in wherein and apply in the lump during fertilising;
4. weeding: weeds avoid striving rich water with seedling with seeing with removing.
Ground, garden is prepared preferred: content of organic matter 20-25g/kg, and full nitrogen is 1.0-1.5g/kg, and quick-acting potassium content is 100-150mg/kg, and available phosphorus contents is 40-50mg/kg;
Before ground, described garden is prepared to refer to sowing, execute well-rotted farmyard manure barnyard manure, compost or make compost 1000-1500kg and nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer 100-150kg for every mu, wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mass ratio are 15 or 16: 15 or 16: 15 or 16; Ground, garden is done in the suitable choosing of the soil that content of beary metal is high, pollution is heavy;
The described overlay film time must carry out before temperature is reduced to 15 ℃.
Cordate houttuynia greenhouse gardening method of the present invention especially can solve winter, the under-supply problem in top, fresh fish raw meat meadow in spring (November-May); Make the cordate houttuynia acrial part also can normal growth in winter, spring; And the greenhouse gardening cordate houttuynia has also shortened its breeding time, and its output is significantly higher than bare area plantation.
Following experimental example and embodiment are used to further specify but are not limited to the present invention.
Experimental example one: greenhouse gardening mode (seeing embodiment one) and the bare area planting patterns experiment that compares
1, compares in environmental temperature and humidity and cordate houttuynia growth result with the greenhouse gardening mode of winter planting and bare area planting patterns.The result sees table one.
Table one: the comparison of greenhouse gardening mode temperature, humidity and growth result
Last table explanation: 1. the temperature of greenhouse gardening is more constant.2. greenhouse gardening cordate houttuynia growth is fast, compares than the cordate houttuynia of the bare area plantation of the same period, and plant strain growth is the fast growth of acrial part plant height especially soon; Simultaneously, the growth of single-strain fresh weight is also higher.
2, booth and bare area are planted the cordate houttuynia comparison of breeding time
The greenhouse gardening cordate houttuynia, from epiphragma day (12.21) to the seeding stage (1.3), neat seedling stage (1.20), the envelope departure date (2.28) and flowering stage different growing stages such as (5.13), the required time is respectively 2 weeks, 4 weeks, February and May.And bare area plantation cordate houttuynia is respectively February, March, 3.5 months and May (table two) from December 21 to seeding stage (2.20), neat seedling stage (3.17), the envelope departure date (4.2) and (5.13) required time in flowering stage.
Table two: booth and bare area are planted the cordate houttuynia comparison of breeding time
Above data declaration: owing to used the greenhouse gardening cordate houttuynia, especially in the 12-3 month, significantly improved the environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity of its growth, so the cordate houttuynia fast growth of greenhouse gardening at the growth period of cordate houttuynia; Compare with the cordate houttuynia of bare area plantation, shortened greatly that it is emerged, the time and the fate of Qi Miao and envelope row.
3, the comparison of booth and bare area plantation cordate houttuynia growth rate
Booth and bare area plantation cordate houttuynia growth rate result see table three.
Table three: the comparison of booth and bare area plantation cordate houttuynia aerial growth speed
Last table explanation: because greenhouse gardening has guaranteed the early growth temperature (winter) of cordate houttuynia; So the acrial part of cordate houttuynia has reached 0.39cm/d and 0.76cm/d respectively in the day growth speed in February and March, that bare area is planted then is 0.003cm/d and 0.05cm/d; Owing to taken off the epiphragma of booth April, the temperature inside and outside the booth is identical, makes the day growth velocity ratio of both acrial parts more approaching; And, cause the growth rate of bare area plantation this moment also big because the temperature of this moment is the temperature of cordate houttuynia optimum growh; In May, both day growth speed has reduced again, but the day growth speed of greenhouse gardening cordate houttuynia acrial part is at 0.70cm/d, the bare area plantation then be the cordate houttuynia of 0.21cm/d. greenhouse gardening, emerge morning and every month fast growth of acrial part not only; Compare from the actual production of picking time (May), every mu up to 3600kg.And the cordate houttuynia of bare area plantation, April acrial part day growth just than faster, but be reduced to 0.21cm/d May again, the actual production of picking time (May) also has only 2400kg for every mu.
4, the comparison of booth and bare area plantation Herba Houttuyniae volatile oil main chemical compositions content
Detect the content of the volatile oil main chemical compositions of cordate houttuynia, the result sees table four.
Table four: the assay result of booth and bare area plantation cordate houttuynia main chemical compositions
A:4-methyl isophthalic acid-isopropyl-3-cyclohexene-1-alcohol B:2-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexenyl group) isopropyl alcohol
C: Bronyl acetate D: methylnonanone
Last table explanation: 1 with the comparing of bare area plantation, the acrial part of greenhouse gardening was emerged early 2 months, just can detect its volatile oil content in February; And the bare area plantation, also do not grow acrial part this moment.2, the content of the cordate houttuynia of the content of the volatile oil main chemical compositions of greenhouse gardening and the bare area plantation same period is close.
The screening experiment of different technologies parameter under experimental example two, the cordate houttuynia greenhouse gardening situation
1, the different cropping patterns of greenhouse gardening cordate houttuynia relatively
At seeding time, three kinds of cropping patterns have been adopted in booth experiment: 1. booth; 2. booth+mulch film (seeing embodiment one); 3. booth+mulch film+lamp, treat Qi Miao (January 20) after, throw off mulch film, the comparative result of three kinds of cropping pattern cordate houttuynia speed of emergence is seen table five.
Table five: the comparison of booth Different Ways of Planting cordate houttuynia speed of emergence
Annotate: letter representative level of difference of 5% on statistics.
Can explain from the speed of emergence of the greenhouse gardening pattern of last table: the third (booth+mulch film+lamp) is better than second kind (booth+mulch film) slightly, but both between no significant difference; First kind (booth) is then obviously relatively poor.But because the input of the third cropping pattern (booth+mulch film+lamp) in the lamp and the electricity charge obviously increases than second kind of cropping pattern (booth+mulch film) to some extent; Therefore; Consider that from speed of emergence and economic two aspects of cordate houttuynia this experiment selected " booth+mulch film " is as the cropping pattern of booth.
2, the different sowing times of greenhouse gardening cordate houttuynia
It is a collection of to test sowing in every month, sows 12 batches altogether, and every batch of every sub-district sowing area is 10m
2, 3 repetitions.Gather in the flowers and fruits later stage, when gathering, divide cell measurement above and below ground part weight and volatile oil content and methylnonanone content.Ethereal oil and methylnonanone extraction and determination are undertaken by Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 editions), and the result of speed of emergence, output and the volatile oil content of its different sowing times sees table six.
Table six greenhouse gardening cordate houttuynia Different Sowing Dates speed of emergence, output and volatile oil content are relatively
The result shows: (1) cordate houttuynia all can be cultivated throughout the year; (2) cordate houttuynia of sowing in every month all can also can reach the basic demand of gathering in the regular period by germination and growth.But the cordate houttuynia of sowing in every month has characteristics, as the cordate houttuynia sowed the 1-2 month can be when gathering output not high, though cordate houttuynia output when gathering of sowing the 3-5 month is higher, ethereal oil content is also higher; The cordate houttuynia of sowing the 6-8 month possibly influence sprouting because temperature was too high at that time, so sprout time will be grown than the time of spring or early summer (the 2-5 month) sowing, output is not high yet when gathering; The cordate houttuynia of sowing the 9-12 month can obtain more stable output and higher ethereal oil content, and is also not very long to the appropriation of land time.
3, the difference of greenhouse gardening cordate houttuynia sowing sowing quantity
Test sub-district design at random, every sub-district sowing area is 10m
2, 3 repetitions have mainly been compared on the ground and under ground portion yield per unit area and ethereal oil content, and the result sees table seven.
The different seeding quantitys of table seven greenhouse gardening cordate houttuynia compare the influence of output and volatile oil content
Presentation of results, the cordate houttuynia seeding quantity has certain influence to output, and the output that seeding quantity is big is higher.The output of seeding quantity 10kg/ mu is obviously on the low side, and seeding quantity is not a lot of for amount for the output of 40-60kg/ mu differs; And ethereal oil content receives the influence of seeding quantity not fairly obvious.Therefore, experiment confirms that the sowing quantity of greenhouse gardening cordate houttuynia is a 40-50kg/ mu.
4, the fertilizer amount of greenhouse gardening cordate houttuynia
Urea (X is established in experiment
1), superphosphate (X
2), potassium sulphate (X
3) and pig manure (X
4) 4 factors, each factor is established 5 levels.Obtain the processing of 20 different fertilizer proportionings through the secondary universal rotary combination design of orthogonal experiment, each handles repetition 3 times.According to the yield result of each processing, use the principle and the method for universal rotational regression Combination Design and carry out regression analysis then, the mathematical model of trying to achieve between output and each factor is Y=114.05+3.52X
1+ 3.28X
2+ 5.28X
3+ 8.29X
4-1.49X
1X
2-1.11X
1X
3-0.17X
1X
4-0.17X
2X
3-1.11X
2X
4+ 1.48X
3X
4Calculate if, need urea 150kg, superphosphate 325kg, potassium sulphate 110kg, pig manure 470kg according to this formula by per mu yield cordate houttuynia 3600kg.
The fertilising of cordate houttuynia generally speaking is that fertilizer combines effect better with quick-acting fertilizer, and fertilizer mainly is used as base manure, topdresses then to be used instant nitrogenousfertilizer with thin night soil, and foliar application then is mainly potash fertilizer.Therefore, confirm that the fertilizing amount in base and method are: 1. base manure.Execute well-rotted farmyard manure (barnyard manure, compost or make compost) 1000-1500kg for every mu, nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer (15 or 16: 15 or 16: 15 or 16) 100-150kg.2. topdress.Early execute and gently execute seed manure, Qi Miaoshi, the farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed of usefulness is carried seedling, every mu of 1000-1500kg, every mu adds urea 15-20kg in addition during fertilising, and nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer (15 or 16: 15 or 16: 15 or 16) 5-8kg dissolves in wherein and applies in the lump.When stem, leaf vigorous growth (mid-May-to mid-June), every mu of farmyard manure 1000-1500kg that executes to become thoroughly decomposed, every mu adds urea 10-12kg in addition and dissolves in wherein and apply in the lump during fertilising.
5, the water consumption of greenhouse gardening cordate houttuynia
Because therefore cordate houttuynia dark and damp characteristic in the family way keeps field moisture and irrigation conditions very important in the cordate houttuynia cultivation.Test has been carried out different moistures the influence of the output of the germination rate of cordate houttuynia germination period and the envelope departure date (Qi Miao-beginning flower) and flowering fruit bearing stage has been studied, and the result sees table eight.
Table eight soil moisture is to the influence of cordate houttuynia growth
Above result shows: (1) will guarantee that the germination rate of cordate houttuynia must keep soil moisture content about 90%; (2) soil moisture is to fairly obvious from the yield effect of the envelope departure date and flowering fruit bearing stage cordate houttuynia.Envelope departure date moisture preferably is controlled at about 90%, and the soil water content of flowering fruit bearing stage can not be lower than 80%.
6, the greenhouse gardening cordate houttuynia gathers
The experiment comparative analysis the best collecting time of greenhouse gardening cordate houttuynia to the influence of its biological yield and volatile oil content, result of study is seen table nine.
The influence of table nine different collecting time cordate houttuynia output and ethereal oil content
The gather May output of cordate houttuynia acrial part of the presentation of results of table nine has just reached the output requirement basically; Acrial part output reached maximum and can remain to September always July-August; But because temperature begins continuous decline, acrial part begins progressively withered fallen leaves after October, and output progressively descends; Under ground portion output reaches high value just beginning to have very fast growth the 7-8 month to mid-October, tend towards stability to November.Acrial part ethereal oil content reaches high in May, and the 6-7 month is more stable, and descend August to some extent, falls fastest below the moon to 9; Under ground portion then rises on the way, just descends to October.
See that from the output of cordate houttuynia Different Harvesting Time and the variation of volatile oil content prosperous long-term end and deadtime (the 5-9 month) are the best collecting times of acrial part, if production needs late April also can gather; And the best collecting time of under ground portion is generally the 7-9 month, but also can be deferred to October.Producing used cordate houttuynia is herb, and synthetically top and under ground portion are tested and confirmed that the 5-10 month is the best collecting time of cordate houttuynia.
Conclusion:
Above result shows that greenhouse gardening is compared with the cordate houttuynia of bare area plantation, has improved the environment such as temperature and humidity of cordate houttuynia growth, therefore:
1, shortened the growth time of cordate houttuynia greatly, especially from the seeding stage to sealing the departure date;
2, the cordate houttuynia of greenhouse gardening has guaranteed can grow acrial part in the winter time, and the day growth velocity ratio of acrial part is bigger; Its output is significantly higher than the bare area plantation;
3, the content of the cordate houttuynia of the content of the volatile oil main chemical compositions of the cordate houttuynia of greenhouse gardening and the bare area plantation same period is close.Has same medical value.
4, use the greenhouse gardening cordate houttuynia, can improve winter significantly because the low problem that can not receive the bright cordate houttuynia that meets the pharmacopeia requirement of temperature.
Following embodiment all can realize the effect of above-mentioned experimental example.
Embodiment one:
(1) booth construction: comprise bow type or type bow type crossbeam of cross direction profiles, horizontal bar or the cross bar that vertically distributes; Adopt long 25-30m, wide 5-6m, the transparent PVP film of high 3-3.5m; Girder: bamboo; Framework: steel pipe; Garden put up a shed on the ground frame, lid film, and constitute the green house main body;
(2) plantation
1. ground, garden is prepared: select pH5.0～6.5, content of organic matter 22.78g/kg, full nitrogen is 1.19g/kg, and quick-acting potassium content is 120.32mg/kg, and available phosphorus contents is 43.63mg/kg
2. whole ground: with selected ground, garden, after (the 9-10 month) turn over ground before sowing, divide the railway carriage or compartment by following distance, the wide 5-6m in railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment furrow width 1-2m, dark 0.4-0.5m smashs to pieces railway carriage or compartment face earth smooth behind the diffusing fertilise;
3. sowing: select to have the unblemished fish raw meat grass seeds stem of 1-2 eye, disseminate in the garden on the ground by the seeding quantity of 40-50kg/ mu; Earthing then, thickness of earth-fill cover is generally to be advisable about 10-15cm; All can sow the whole year;
4. overlay film time: after sowing finishes, directly put up plastic film or put up again in several days;
(3) management
1. adjustment control: budding time (promptly plantation back to each kind stem is sent out till 1-2 the bud),, daytime temperature is controlled at 20-25 ℃ of scope in ground, the garden plantation layer; After this then cool the temperature to 20 ℃;
2. irrigate: cordate houttuynia belongs to moisture loving plant, therefore will keep soil moisture greater than 75% on ground, whole growth phase garden, generally waters 3-5 time;
3. topdress: in neat seedling stage, the farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed of usefulness is carried seedling, every mu of 1000-1500kg; Every mu adds urea 15-20kg in addition during fertilising; Nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer 5-8kg, wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mass ratio are 15 or 16: 15 or 16: 15 or 16, dissolve in wherein to apply in the lump; Stem, leaf vigorous period (mid-May-to mid-June), every mu of farmyard manure 1000-1500kg that executes to become thoroughly decomposed, every mu adds urea 10-12kg in addition and dissolves in wherein and apply in the lump during fertilising;
4. weeding: weeds avoid striving rich water with seedling with seeing with removing.
Embodiment two:
(1) booth construction: comprise bow type or type bow type crossbeam of cross direction profiles, horizontal bar or the cross bar that vertically distributes; Adopt long 25-30m, wide 5-6m, the transparent PVP film of high 3-3.5m; Girder: bamboo; Framework: steel pipe; Garden put up a shed on the ground frame, lid film, and constitute the green house main body;
(2) plantation
1. garden ground is prepared: execute well-rotted farmyard manure barnyard manure, compost or make compost 1000-1500kg and nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer 100-150kg for every mu, wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mass ratio are 15: 16: 16;
2. whole ground: with selected ground, garden, after before sowing, ground being turned over, divide the railway carriage or compartment by following distance, the wide 5-6m in railway carriage or compartment, railway carriage or compartment furrow width 1-2m, dark 0.4-0.5m smashs to pieces railway carriage or compartment face earth smooth behind the diffusing fertilise; 3. sowing: select to have the unblemished fish raw meat grass seeds stem of 1-2 eye, disseminate in the garden on the ground by the seeding quantity of 40-50kg/ mu; Earthing then, thickness of earth-fill cover is generally to be advisable about 10-15cm;
4. overlay film time: after sowing finishes, directly put up plastic film or postpone and putting up again in several days;
(3) management
1. adjustment control: budding time (promptly plantation back to each kind stem is sent out till 1-2 the bud),, daytime temperature is controlled at 20-25 ℃ of scope in ground, the garden plantation layer; After this then cool the temperature to 20 ℃;
2. irrigate: cordate houttuynia belongs to moisture loving plant, therefore will keep soil moisture greater than 75% on ground, whole growth phase garden, generally waters 3-5 time;
3. topdress: in neat seedling stage, the farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed of usefulness is carried seedling, every mu of 1000-1500kg; Every mu adds urea 15-20kg in addition during fertilising; Nitrogen, phosphorus, K composite fertilizer 5-8kg, wherein nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium mass ratio are 15 or 16: 15 or 16: 15 or 16, dissolve in wherein to apply in the lump; Stem, leaf vigorous period (mid-May-to mid-June), every mu of farmyard manure 1000-1500kg that executes to become thoroughly decomposed, every mu adds urea 10-12kg in addition and dissolves in wherein and apply in the lump during fertilising;
4. weeding: weeds Ying Suijian avoids striving rich water with seedling with removing.
Claims (3)
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102771284A (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-11-14 | 湖南农业大学 | Ecological cultivation method for houttuynia cordata |
| CN102870576A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-01-16 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for increasing anthocyanin content of stem leaf of houttuynia cordata |
| CN103636384A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-03-19 | 四川美大康中药材种植有限责任公司 | Cultivation method for medicinal houttuynia cordata and edible houttuynia cordata |
| CN104145645A (en) * | 2014-07-19 | 2014-11-19 | 宁国千方中药发展有限公司 | Planting method of herba houttuyniae |
| CN104221698A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2014-12-24 | 平昌县欧菜园食品有限公司 | Method for planting houttuynia cordata in greenhouse |
| CN104272965A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-14 | 陆川县大鹏现代农业发展有限公司 | Cultivation method of houttuynia cordata |
| CN104488526A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-04-08 | 桂林市一峰食品有限公司 | Ecological cultivation method of herba houttuyniae |
| CN104823826A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-08-12 | 恩施土家族苗族自治州农业科学院 | Greenhouse selenium-enriched herba houttuyniae soilless culture method |
| CN105453944A (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2016-04-06 | 钟转佳 | Green high-yield camellia oleifera-tea-cordate houttuynia mixed planting method |
| CN106305278A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-11 | 江苏艺轩园林景观工程有限公司 | Cultivating method of malus spectabilis in South Jiangsu area |
| CN107041231A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-08-15 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of cultural method of the herbvore use tender stem segmentses of wild fish raw meat |
| CN107821046A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-23 | 广西宜州天源绿佳农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of cordate houttuynia |
| CN108207506A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-06-29 | 威宁县金种魔芋专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method made between konjaku and cordate houttuynia |
| CN108283106A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2018-07-17 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of method of winter production folding basal part of the ear bamboo shoot |
| CN108522172A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-09-14 | 竹溪县绿之恋园林绿化有限公司 | A kind of artificial cultivation method of cordate houttuynia |
| CN109089767A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-28 | 靖西市金峰贸易有限公司 | A kind of method of greenhouse gardening dendrobium candidum |
| CN110367054A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-10-25 | 贵州贵阳国家农业科技园区管理委员会 | A kind of method of efficient large-scale planting cordate houttuynia |
| CN116602175A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-08-18 | 湄潭银柜山茶业有限公司 | A planting management method for interplanting Houttuynia cordata in tea gardens |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102771284A (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-11-14 | 湖南农业大学 | Ecological cultivation method for houttuynia cordata |
| CN102771284B (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2013-09-25 | 湖南农业大学 | Ecological cultivation method for houttuynia cordata |
| CN102870576A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-01-16 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for increasing anthocyanin content of stem leaf of houttuynia cordata |
| CN103636384A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-03-19 | 四川美大康中药材种植有限责任公司 | Cultivation method for medicinal houttuynia cordata and edible houttuynia cordata |
| CN103636384B (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2016-01-20 | 四川美大康中药材种植有限责任公司 | The cultivation method of a kind of medicinal cordate houttuynia and edible cordate houttuynia |
| CN104145645A (en) * | 2014-07-19 | 2014-11-19 | 宁国千方中药发展有限公司 | Planting method of herba houttuyniae |
| CN104221698A (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2014-12-24 | 平昌县欧菜园食品有限公司 | Method for planting houttuynia cordata in greenhouse |
| CN104272965A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-14 | 陆川县大鹏现代农业发展有限公司 | Cultivation method of houttuynia cordata |
| CN104488526A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-04-08 | 桂林市一峰食品有限公司 | Ecological cultivation method of herba houttuyniae |
| CN104823826A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-08-12 | 恩施土家族苗族自治州农业科学院 | Greenhouse selenium-enriched herba houttuyniae soilless culture method |
| CN105453944A (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2016-04-06 | 钟转佳 | Green high-yield camellia oleifera-tea-cordate houttuynia mixed planting method |
| CN106305278A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-11 | 江苏艺轩园林景观工程有限公司 | Cultivating method of malus spectabilis in South Jiangsu area |
| CN107041231A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-08-15 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of cultural method of the herbvore use tender stem segmentses of wild fish raw meat |
| CN108283106A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2018-07-17 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of method of winter production folding basal part of the ear bamboo shoot |
| CN107821046A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-23 | 广西宜州天源绿佳农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of cordate houttuynia |
| CN108207506A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-06-29 | 威宁县金种魔芋专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method made between konjaku and cordate houttuynia |
| CN108522172A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-09-14 | 竹溪县绿之恋园林绿化有限公司 | A kind of artificial cultivation method of cordate houttuynia |
| CN109089767A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-28 | 靖西市金峰贸易有限公司 | A kind of method of greenhouse gardening dendrobium candidum |
| CN110367054A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-10-25 | 贵州贵阳国家农业科技园区管理委员会 | A kind of method of efficient large-scale planting cordate houttuynia |
| CN116602175A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-08-18 | 湄潭银柜山茶业有限公司 | A planting management method for interplanting Houttuynia cordata in tea gardens |
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Effective date of registration: 20120808 Address after: 418000 No. 288 Qing Lu, Huaihua, Hunan Applicant after: Zhengqing Pharmaceutical Group Corp., Ltd., Hunan Prov. Applicant after: Hunan Agricultural University Address before: 418000 No. 288 Qing Lu, Huaihua, Hunan Applicant before: Zhengqing Pharmaceutical Group Corp., Ltd., Hunan Prov. |
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