CN102381450A - Artificial floating island for planting on water and planting groove thereof - Google Patents
Artificial floating island for planting on water and planting groove thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102381450A CN102381450A CN2011102236439A CN201110223643A CN102381450A CN 102381450 A CN102381450 A CN 102381450A CN 2011102236439 A CN2011102236439 A CN 2011102236439A CN 201110223643 A CN201110223643 A CN 201110223643A CN 102381450 A CN102381450 A CN 102381450A
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- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial floating island for planting on water and a planting groove thereof. The artificial floating island comprises a floating island base, the planting groove, a buoyancy regulation and control device, a floating island protection device and a floating island fixing device. The planting groove is formed by a planting groove bottom plate and a planting groove frame, wherein the planting groove bottom plate is made of foamed cement and is provided with a plurality of preset root holes running through the upper and lower surfaces of the planting groove bottom plate; the planting groove bottom plate is coated with a waterproof outer coating layer; a nutrient soil layer is paved on the planting groove bottom plate; the planting groove is provided with a connecting device; and the connecting device comprises at least two planting groove bottom plate through holes, inserted pipes inserted in the corresponding planting groove bottom plate through holes, and connecting wires inserted into the inserted pipes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial floating island and planting groove thereof that is used for Water cultivating.
Background technology
Artificial floating island is a kind of implant systems that waft and float on the surface that synthesized by one or more buoyancy aid module groups with ad hoc structure and function that can be floating on the water; Be applied to the eutrophication control in lake the earliest and make up artificial wetland waterborne, and be used to develop the three-dimensional planting and breeding industry of the water surface.Along with chinampa The Application of Technology and popularization, the chinampa also is used for purifying water body, the unrestrained shore protection that disappears, improve restoration of the ecosystem engineerings such as rivers and lakes view, also can be used for adjusting the spatial allocation form, for example is applied to aquatic sport waters, parking area waterborne, water surface pontoon bridge etc.
At present, the used buoyant material major part in chinampa is bamboo, wood, rattan, foam, foamed plastic, junked tire, PVC (polyvinylchloride) pipe etc.These materials have short, shortcoming such as intensity is low, capacity of anti-storm is weak of life-span.
On February 17th, 2010 disclosed Chinese invention patent application CN 101648591A a kind of aquatic building material foundation is disclosed; Its use one or more more firmly, more crash-resistant material; Parcel or partly wrap up one or more, one or more density is lower than the material of water, forms the building foundation material that can bubble through the water column.More crash-resistant can be plastic materials such as similar cement, ferro-concrete, engineering plastics, sheetmetal, metal sheet, and the material that density is lower than water can be the material that foam, pine, air, air bag etc. can emerge.But this application for a patent for invention only discloses a kind of formation idea of floating island foundation, thereby how not concrete open firmer material combines to form above-mentioned floating island foundation with the material that density is lower than water.In addition; Also unexposed this floating island foundation of this application for a patent for invention be how in such as the different water of various natural environments such as seawater, lake water, river, Chi Shui, all to stablize floating; In other words, the floating situation of this floating island foundation in water body can not be adjusted to best according to the water body situation.More this float design is not become one and can stablize, equilibrium, capacity, suitably the plantation cultivation apparatus of crops liquid manure gas heat be provided, and can reach hold concurrently the again modern facilities system of the environmental protection agricultural of producing agricultural rich product of pollution control of water.
Therefore, need to regulate buoyancy according to the water body situation, build best three dimensional-planting-breeding environment, be suitable for the production platform a kind of waterborne of production control.
Therefore, need to regulate according to water body situation and concrete designed use a kind of artificial floating island and planting groove thereof that is used for Water cultivating of buoyancy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is devoted to solve above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, improves material selection and the structure of the artificial floating island be used for Water cultivating and planting groove thereof etc.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating; Said artificial floating island can be regulated buoyancy according to different demands and the chinampa load variations of water body situation, the crop planted, and said artificial floating island has advantages such as warming thermal insulation is good, lightweight, sound insulation vibration isolation impact resistance is strong, water impermeability is strong, the life-span is long, intensity is big, cost is minimum.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of above-mentioned planting groove that is used for the artificial floating island of Water cultivating that is used in.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating is provided, comprises:
The chinampa pedestal, said chinampa pedestal is made up of a plurality of chinampas base unit, and each said chinampa base unit comprises a plurality of hollow buoyancy aids and the frame framework that is connected in said a plurality of hollow buoyancy aids;
Planting groove, said planting groove are made up of planting groove base plate and planting groove frame and are fixed in said chinampa pedestal;
Buoyancy regulation device, said buoyancy regulation device comprise the air ports, the end that are arranged at said hollow buoyancy aid top be connected in the three-way pipeline of said air ports, respectively via valve be connected in said three-way pipeline other two ends Air compressor and vacuum pump and be arranged at the siphon in the said hollow buoyancy aid;
Chinampa protective device, said chinampa protective device are used for to said artificial floating island and the crop of being planted protection being provided; And
The chinampa anchor fitting, said chinampa anchor fitting is used for fixing said artificial floating island,
It is characterized in that:
Said planting groove base plate process with foamed cement and have penetrate its upper and lower surfaces a plurality of preset root hole; Said a plurality of preset root hole has the curved tube structure of
shape; And/or be equipped with on the said planting groove base plate and lead heel piece; The said heel piece of leading is processed by avirulent high-molecular organic material, is rich in tortuous capillary pipe structure;
Said planting groove base plate is coated with the waterproof surrounding layer;
Be equipped with the nutrition soil layer on the said planting groove base plate;
Said planting groove is provided with connecting device; Said connecting device comprises: at least two planting groove bottom holes; Said at least two planting groove bottom holes comprise and are arranged at least two first through holes in the planting groove base plate and are arranged on the surrounding layer cooresponding at least two second through holes of at least two first lead to the hole site with the planting groove base plate, wherein corresponding first through hole be interconnected with second through hole and both diameters identical; Intubate, said intubate are inserted in each in said two planting groove bottom holes at least; And connection lead, said connection lead penetrates in the said intubate.
According to a preferred implementation of the present invention, said hollow buoyancy aid is hollow ball or the hollow cubic body of being processed by foamed cement or cement concrete.
According to a preferred implementation of the present invention, foamed cement preformed part or pipe fitting that said frame framework is made muscle by round steel are processed.
According to a preferred implementation of the present invention, said surrounding layer is processed by foamed plastic, and the cement wash that perhaps said surrounding layer is strengthened by the metakaolin that is sprayed at said planting groove plate outer surface forms.
According to a preferred implementation of the present invention, be built-in with the keel of groined type in the said planting groove base plate.
According to a preferred implementation of the present invention, said chinampa protective device comprises:
Be suspended on the net cage of pedestal bottom, said chinampa, culture the biology that the root system that the ability cover crop is arranged does not receive other biological harm in the said net cage; And/or
Be installed in anti-stormy waves facility and footway and service platform facility on the frame framework of said chinampa pedestal; And/or
Be carried in wave damper or wave-power device on the pedestal of said chinampa.
According to a preferred implementation of the present invention, said chinampa anchor fitting comprises:
Inner fixing device, said inner fixing device is realized by the connecting device of said planting groove, thereby the connection lead of wherein said connecting device is fixed in the frame framework of chinampa pedestal planting groove is fixed on the pedestal of chinampa; With
External fixer; Said external fixer is that whole artificial floating island is fixed on the fixedly device in waters; Comprise steel wire rope and bank stake or anchor, wherein an end of steel wire rope is connected in the frame framework of chinampa pedestal, and the other end of steel wire rope is connected in said bank stake or anchor.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of planting groove that is used for the artificial floating island of Water cultivating is provided, said planting groove is made up of planting groove base plate and planting groove frame and is fixed in the chinampa pedestal, it is characterized in that:
Said planting groove base plate process with foamed cement and have penetrate its upper and lower surfaces a plurality of preset root hole; Said a plurality of preset root hole has the curved tube structure of
shape; And/or be equipped with on the said planting groove base plate and lead heel piece; The said heel piece of leading is processed by avirulent high-molecular organic material, is rich in tortuous capillary pipe structure;
Said planting groove base plate is coated with the waterproof surrounding layer;
Be equipped with the nutrition soil layer on the said planting groove base plate;
Said planting groove is provided with connecting device; Said connecting device comprises: at least two planting groove bottom holes; Said at least two planting groove bottom holes comprise and are arranged at least two first through holes in the planting groove base plate and are arranged on the surrounding layer cooresponding at least two second through holes of at least two first lead to the hole site with the planting groove base plate, wherein corresponding first through hole be interconnected with second through hole and both diameters identical; Intubate, said intubate are inserted in each in said two planting groove bottom holes at least; And connection lead, said connection lead penetrates in the said intubate.
According to a preferred implementation of the present invention, said surrounding layer is processed by foamed plastic, and the cement wash that perhaps said surrounding layer is strengthened by the metakaolin that is sprayed at said planting groove plate outer surface forms.
According to a preferred implementation of the present invention, be built-in with the keel of groined type in the said planting groove base plate.
In the present invention, term " foamed cement " is meant a kind of like this cement, and rectangular distribution independently seals not connected tiny air foam one by one in this cement, and its structure and character are similar to foamed plastic.Join to mix in the cement wash to stir through the bubble that adopts high pressure air that the foaming agent foaming is produced and process foamed cement.Why the present invention adopts the base portion of foamed cement as floating island; Be that (coefficient of heat insulation is 0.09w/mp because foamed cement has good warming thermal insulation; Warming effect be non-foam cement 20-30 doubly), lightweight property (unit weight 300kg/ cubic meter can float on the water), sound insulation vibration isolation impact resistance (non-foam cement 5 times) and the water impermeability 20-30 of non-foam cement (be doubly).
In addition, why the present invention adopts plastic foam in foamed cement rather than the routine techniques as the base portion of floating island, is because foam cement is compared with foamed plastic and had following preceence:
A, durability strengthen.The durability of foamed cement exceeds more than 1,100 times than the durability of foamed plastic, and the intensity of foamed cement reaches 15MPa/Cm
2More than, movable walking above the people can step down in, and the life-span of foamed cement is very long exposes to the weather at one's discretion in 100 decades that drench with rain can be not bad, the weathering of can not wearing out.And the intensity of foamed plastic has only 0.012MPa/cm
2, can not bear any pressure, the life-span is very short, and the weathering of will wearing out after 20 years damages.
B, warming thermal insulation are similar.The effect of heat insulation of foamed cement compares with the effect of heat insulation of foamed plastic that to differ nothing many, and the coefficient of heat insulation of foamed plastic is 0.06w/mp, differs 0.03w/mp with the coefficient of heat insulation 0.09w/mp of foamed cement, and promptly effect of heat insulation is more or less the same.
C, the enhancing of fire-proof high-temperature resistant property.Foamed cement is an incombusible material, and it is not inflammable, high temperature resistant, does not damage in 2 hours with burning continuously, can anti-1200 ℃ high temperature.And foamed plastic is a combustible material, inflammable and non-refractory, and the temperature that surpasses 80 ℃ will be softened damage.
D, the feature of environmental protection are good.Foamed cement is nonpoisonous and tasteless, environmental protection.Foamed plastic then is difficult to decompose, and causes environmental pollution easily.
The cost of E, foamed cement is low, and common one ton of cement can be produced 3.5～4 cubes of foamed cements, and its cost of raw material is about 30% to about 45% of a foamed plastic.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and with reference to preferred implementation of the present invention the present invention is carried out illustrated in detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 schematically shows the chinampa pedestal of the artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating of the present invention's one preferred implementation;
Fig. 2 schematically shows the planting groove of the artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating of the present invention's one preferred implementation;
The planting groove base plate of the schematically illustrated planting groove shown in Figure 2 of Fig. 3 a;
Fig. 3 b is the cutaway view Amplified image along Fig. 3 a center line A-A,
shape curved tube structure of preset root hole in the planting groove base plate shown in schematically illustrated Fig. 3 a;
The state of planting groove base plate after having coated surrounding layer of the schematically illustrated Fig. 3 of Fig. 4;
Fig. 5 is schematically illustrated to be built in the keel in the planting groove base plate of Fig. 3, wherein also schematically shows the connecting device of planting groove according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
The be provided with state of intubate in the planting groove base plate of the part of the connecting device of the schematically illustrated planting groove as the preferred embodiment for the present invention of Fig. 6;
Fig. 7 a and 7b schematically illustrated according to the present invention the coupled condition example of the planting groove of the artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating of one preferred implementation;
Fig. 8 schematically illustrated according to the present invention the another kind of planting groove example of the artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating of one preferred implementation; And
Fig. 9 schematically shows the buoyancy regulation device of the artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating of the present invention's one preferred implementation.
The specific embodiment
Hereinafter will be with reference to preferred implementation illustrated in detail of the present invention the present invention.Below explanation only is exemplary, and limits the invention by any way unintentionally.
The present invention provides a kind of artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating.The artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating of the present invention is integrated by following five parts and is formed: the chinampa pedestal; Planting groove; The buoyancy regulation device; The chinampa protective device; The chinampa anchor fitting.
Fig. 1 schematically shows the chinampa pedestal 1 of the artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating of the present invention's one preferred implementation.As shown in Figure 1, chinampa pedestal 1 by a plurality of chinampas base unit 1.1,1.2 ..., 1.n constitutes, each chinampa base unit comprises a plurality of hollow buoyancy aids 11 and the frame framework 12 that is connected in said a plurality of hollow buoyancy aids 11.Hollow buoyancy aid 11 is spheroids of being processed by foamed cement or cement concrete preformed part.Although not shown, hollow buoyancy aid 11 also can be the cube of being processed by foamed cement or cement concrete preformed part.The volume that it is pointed out that hollow buoyancy aid is big more, and buoyancy aid unit's displacement cost is just low more.Frame framework 12 allows its rigid material and anticorrosive material of bearing the external stress that internal system stress and natural cause apply to process by mechanical property.For example, frame framework 12 can be processed by foamed cement preformed part or pipe fitting that round steel is made muscle, and foamed cement preformed part or pipe fitting that above-mentioned round steel is made muscle are connected in said a plurality of hollow buoyancy aid 11.The favourable part that the foamed cement preformed part that uses round steel to make muscle is processed frame framework 12 is can cost-cutting and improve service life.
Fig. 2 schematically shows the planting groove 2 of the artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating of the present invention's one preferred implementation.As shown in Figure 2, planting groove 2 is made up of planting groove frame 21 and planting groove base plate 22 and is fixed in chinampa pedestal 1.According to an embodiment of the invention, the planting groove frame 21 and the planting groove base plate 22 of planting groove 2 for example are made for one by foamed cement, and its surface scribbles metakaolin fortified water mud coating, to play the effect of water-tight corrosion-proof.In another preferred implementation of the present invention, the planting groove frame 21 and the planting groove base plate 22 of planting groove 2 can for example be processed separately respectively by foamed cement, and fit together through known any way in use.Below situation about processing separately with planting groove frame of planting groove 2 21 and planting groove base plate 22 be that example describes.
According to a preferred implementation of the present invention, referring to Fig. 3 a, the planting groove base plate 22 of planting groove 2 forms by foamed cement is molded, and in molding process, is provided with a plurality of preset root holes 23 of the well-distributed that penetrates its upper and lower surfaces in advance.The preferred structure of preset root hole in the planting groove base plate shown in the schematically illustrated Fig. 3 a of Fig. 3 b.Shown in Fig. 3 b; The preset root hole of in the planting groove base plate each has
shape curved tube structure, spills planting groove to prevent nutrition soil.Above-mentioned
shape curved tube structure comprises horizontal component that connects said two vertical parts of two vertical partial sums.Alternatively or additionally; Can on the planting groove base plate, lead heel piece by small pieces of cloth used for patches; The said heel piece of leading is processed by avirulent high-molecular organic material; Be rich in tortuous capillary pipe structure, vital material such as root system, germ etc. can pass smoothly, and the solid phase, the liquid phase substance that do not have survivability be difficult to through.Lead heel piece as filter, to prevent that nutrition soil layer and culture and inorganic nutrient substance from passing planting groove and getting into water body.Lead heel piece and combine, can cook the wash rice plate thoroughly that paired water body passes through the water body pollution treatment of wash rice effect with root system of plant.
Planting groove base plate 22 can have any suitable dimension that is suitable for using in the water.Preferably, planting groove base plate 22 has the hexahedral shape of rule, and its length and width height is about 980mm * 980mm * 70mm.Preferably, the vertical part of the preset root hole 23 of planting groove base plate 22 has the diameter of about 20mm, is in the hole back gauge about 40mm of the preset root hole 23 of outermost of planting groove base plate 22 apart from the edge of planting groove base plate 22.Above size only is exemplary and nonrestrictive, and the quantity of planting groove base plate 22 and preset root hole 23 thereof, shape, size, position etc. can change as required.In fact, quantity, shape and the size of the preset root hole 23 through changing planting groove base plate 22 can change the density of planting groove base plate 22, thereby regulate the buoyancy of planting groove base plate 22 and then planting groove 2, make planting groove 2 swim in the water body with the expectation mode.
Particularly, the quantity of the preset root hole 23 on the planting groove base plate 22 and size should be selected according to practical application.Preset root hole 23 can not be too big too much, otherwise it is Lou fertile to leak, and is unfavorable for the growth of plant, nor is beneficial to water environment.Preset root hole 23 can not be too little very little, otherwise root hole blocks by root system of plant easily, is unfavorable for the growth of plant equally.In principle, need the consideration planting groove 2 interior vegetation types that will plant and quantity to select the quantity and the size of preset root hole 23.
Referring to Fig. 4,, on the outside face of planting groove base plate 22, be coated with surrounding layer 25 in order to prevent water body corrosion planting groove base plate 22.As being applied to surrounding layer of the present invention, the water-impervious finish coat that can use foamed plastic, purpose made superfine watertight cement coating or other utilization process of surface treatment to form.Alternatively, surrounding layer 25 also can be formed by the cement wash that the metakaolin that is sprayed at planting groove base plate 22 outside faces is strengthened.Factors such as comprehensive process cost, practical effect preferably use the foamed plastic with good water-proofness to be used as surrounding layer 25 in the present invention.Foamed plastic perhaps is coated on the planting groove base plate 22 through Shooting Technique under steam pressure, thereby forms surrounding layer 25.Be appreciated that the preset root hole 23 of planting groove base plate 22 is filled by foamed plastic in the extrusion forming or Shooting Technique process of foamed plastic.
Surrounding layer 25 has Any shape and the size that is suitable for coating planting groove base plate 22.Preferably, the planting groove base plate 22 of regular hexahedron shape is uniformly coated with the surrounding layer 25 of about 10mm thickness, thereby the length and width height after planting groove base plate 22 is coated by surrounding layer 25 is of a size of about 1000mm * 1000mm * 90mm.
Further,,, improve its load-carrying capacity and capacity of anti-storm, in a preferred embodiment, in the planting groove base plate 22 of planting groove 2, be built-in with additional strengthening for increasing the intensity of planting groove base plate 22 and then planting groove 2 referring to Fig. 5.Preferably, said additional strengthening adopts the form of the keel 28 of groined type.Typically, keel 28 are bamboo reinforcement formula keel of the about 900mm of the about 10mm length of diameter.Self-evident, keel 28 also can adopt other material except that bamboo reinforcement to process, for example batten, iron wire, aluminum-alloy wire, steel wire etc.
In order a plurality of planting grooves 2 to be coupled together or planting groove 2 to be fixed to chinampa pedestal 1, in a preferred embodiment, planting groove 2 is provided with connecting device.Particularly; The connecting device of planting groove 2 comprises: at least two planting groove bottom holes; Its by be arranged in advance at least two first through holes 24 in the planting groove base plate 22 (referring to Fig. 3 a) and at least two first through holes cooresponding at least two second through holes 26 in 24 positions (referring to Fig. 4) that are arranged on the surrounding layer 25 with planting groove base plate 22 constitute, wherein corresponding first through hole 24 be interconnected with second through hole 26 and both diameters identical; Be inserted into the intubate 27 (referring to Fig. 5) in each planting groove bottom hole; And penetrate into the connection lead 29 (referring to Fig. 5) in each intubate 27.Preferably, intubate 27 is processed by PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) or PVC (polyvinylchloride).Alternatively, intubate 27 also can be processed by glass cloth.
Referring to Fig. 3 a, planting groove base plate 22 is provided with the opposite flank setting that 24, above-mentioned at least two first through holes 24 of at least two first through holes penetrate planting groove base plate 22 in advance.Although among the figure two first through holes 24 only are shown, it may be noted that the quantity of first through hole 24 can be two or more a plurality of.In addition, the opposite flank of planting groove base plate 22 can be both sides or the both sides of Width of the length direction of planting groove base plate 22.Referring to Fig. 4, correspondingly, after planting groove base plate 22 is coated by surrounding layer 25, cooresponding at least two second through holes 26 at least two first through holes 24 positions with planting groove base plate 22 can be set on surrounding layer 25.First through hole 24 be interconnected with second through hole 26 and both diameters identical, they constitute the planting groove bottom hole together.Typically, the diameter of first through hole 24 and second through hole 26 is about 15mm, and promptly the planting groove bottom hole has the diameter of about 15mm.
As shown in Figure 5, in each of planting groove bottom hole, insert intubate 27, intubate 27 is used for holding therein the connection lead 29 that is penetrated.Connection lead 29 penetrates in each intubate 27.Connection lead 29 can be cotton rope, iron wire or net cage rope.The above-mentioned connecting device of planting groove bottom hole 24 and 26, intubate 27 and connection lead 29 that comprises can be fixed on planting groove 2 on the pedestal of chinampa on the one hand; Can also a plurality of planting grooves 2 be connected on the other hand latticed, to strengthen capacity of anti-storm.
Therefore; The above-mentioned connecting device that comprises planting groove bottom hole 24 and 26, intubate 27 and connection lead 29 has also constituted the inner fixing device of chinampa anchor fitting that the present invention is used for the artificial floating island of Water cultivating simultaneously, thereby wherein the connection lead of the connecting device frame framework 12 that is fixed in chinampa pedestal 1 is fixed on planting groove 2 on the chinampa pedestal 1.
The be provided with state of intubate in the planting groove base plate of the part of the connecting device of the schematically illustrated planting groove as the preferred embodiment for the present invention of Fig. 6.Typically, the length of intubate 27 is greater than the width of planting groove base plate 22, and the width that just equals planting groove base plate 22 adds the two-fold length of the thickness of surrounding layer 25.As shown in Figure 6; Length and width height after planting groove base plate 22 is coated by surrounding layer 25 is of a size of under the situation of diameter that about 1000mm * 1000mm * 90mm and planting groove bottom hole have about 15mm, and intubate 27 has the thickness of pipe of the diameter of about 15mm, about 3mm and the length of about 1000mm.Thus, intubate 27 closely is inserted in the planting groove bottom hole, and its two ends flush with the opposite flank that is provided with through hole that is coated with surrounding layer 25 planting groove base plate 22 afterwards basically.
For example shown in Fig. 7 a and 7b, thereby connecting device is connected to each other a plurality of planting grooves 2 and forms dead front type and type semienclosed latticed in chinampa pedestal 1, strengthened the capacity of anti-storm on chinampa.These planting grooves 2 independent assortment as required form.For example, these planting grooves 2 are assembled into makes that the chinampa is substantially rounded, oval, rectangle, crescent, petal, radiation, water droplet shape, snakelike, irregular shape etc., thereby strengthens ornamental.
As another preferred implementation of the present invention, as shown in Figure 8, the planting groove 20 that is used for the artificial floating island of Water cultivating is made up of planting groove frame 201 and planting groove base plate 202, and planting groove frame 201 is formed on the planting groove base plate 202 with the form of fence.In this embodiment, fence is made up of the plastic sheeting for farm use 204 that inserts the column 203 in the planting groove base plate 202 and twine around column 203.Alternatively, can on planting groove base plate 202 upper surfaces, lay one deck mulch film in advance.
At length; For the ease of inserting column 203 in the planting groove base plate 202 and being convenient to kind of a plant; The surrounding layer of planting groove base plate 202 is provided with preset root hole 23 with planting groove base plate 202, and (referring to a) the cooresponding perforate 205 in position of Fig. 3, the diameter of above-mentioned perforate 205 is littler than the diameter of preset root hole 23.As stated, the vertical part of the preset root hole 23 of planting groove base plate 202 has the diameter of about 20mm, and the diameter of above-mentioned perforate 205 typically is about 5mm.It is to be noted; The quantity of the perforate 205 that is provided with on the surrounding layer can be consistent in the quantity of the preset root hole 23 of planting groove base plate 202; Certainly according to the crop plant quantity situation that will plant in the planting groove 20, the quantity of the perforate 205 that is provided with on the surrounding layer also can be less than the quantity of the preset root hole 23 of planting groove base plate 202.
Thereby plastic sheeting for farm use 204 twines the framework 201 that crosses planting groove 20 around the column 203 in the perforate that is inserted into outermost periphery on the surrounding layer 205.In addition, alternatively, can before inserting column 203 and twining plastic sheeting for farm use 204, on planting groove base plate 202 upper surfaces, lay one deck mulch film.
In addition; Because the planting groove that is used for the artificial floating island of Water cultivating of the present invention will be planted plant; Therefore, on the planting groove base plate 22,202 after the coating of planting groove 2,20 of the present invention, be equipped with the nutrition soil layer, for example the culture of 2-8cm thickness or earth by surrounding layer.Alternatively, lay under the situation of one deck mulch film on planting groove base plate 22,202 upper surfaces after being coated by surrounding layer, above-mentioned nutrition soil layer is laid on the mulch film.
In addition, need float and carry owing to be covered with certain thickness culture or earth in the planting groove, self also has constant weight the crop of planting in the planting groove, and there is certain weight on chinampa self, therefore needs certain buoyancy support.On the other hand, crop all has different requirement in different breeding times with according to the Different Crop cultivation feature to the draft of planting groove culture, and different farming operations also have requirement to the planting groove draft, therefore need to regulate the buoyancy size.For this reason, the artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating of the present invention is provided with the buoyancy regulation device, is used to regulate the size of chinampa buoyancy.Fig. 9 schematically shows the buoyancy regulation device 3 of the artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating of the present invention's one preferred implementation.Buoyancy regulation device 3 comprises the air ports 31 that is arranged at hollow buoyancy aid 11 tops; Three-way pipeline 32, an end 32a of three-way pipeline 32 is connected in air ports 31; Air compressor and vacuum pump (not shown), Air compressor and vacuum pump are connected to the other two ends 32b and the 32c of said three-way pipeline 32, and the three-way pipeline 32 that is connected with Air compressor and vacuum pump respectively is provided with valve 33 at its other two ends 32b and 32c place; And be arranged at the siphon 34 in the hollow buoyancy aid 11.
The buoyancy regulation device can integrate with the chinampa pedestal, and its principle of work is following: the water of some can be adorned in hollow buoyancy aid 11 inner spaces of chinampa pedestal 1, and hollow buoyancy aid 11 itself floats on the water body; Be provided with siphon 34 in each hollow buoyancy aid 11; Air compressor and vacuum pump are connected to the air ports 31 of hollow buoyancy aid 11 via valve 33 and three-way pipeline 32; Through by-pass valve control 33, can operate Air compressor and vacuum pump respectively, thereby regulate the atmospheric pressure in the hollow buoyancy aid 11, can control the suction and the drain operation of siphon 34 thus, regulate the buoyancy size on chinampa with this, thus the integral elevating on control chinampa.For example; Open be positioned at three-way pipeline 32 wherein the valve 33 at an end 32b place close the valve 33 that is positioned at three-way pipeline 32 other end 32c places simultaneously; The vacuum pump that is connected in the compressor operation of three-way pipeline 32 1 end 32b like this and is connected in three-way pipeline 32 other end 32c stops; Thereby the atmospheric pressure in the hollow buoyancy aid 11 increases, and the water in the hollow buoyancy aid 11 is discharged through siphon 34, so can the buoyancy on chinampa be reduced.Otherwise; Close be positioned at three-way pipeline 32 wherein the valve 33 at an end 32b place open the valve 33 that is positioned at three-way pipeline 32 other end 32c places simultaneously; The Air compressor that is connected in three-way pipeline 32 1 end 32b like this stops and being connected in the vacuum pump operation of three-way pipeline 32 other end 32c; Thereby the atmospheric pressure in the hollow buoyancy aid 11 reduces, and the water of hollow buoyancy aid 11 outside water bodys sucks in the hollow buoyancy aid 11 through siphon 34, so can the buoyancy on chinampa be increased.
Self-evident, Water cultivating will be taken precautions against various disasteies waterborne and aquatic organism disaster, needs to make up a biological protection system under the necessary situation.For this reason, the artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating of the present invention is provided with the chinampa protective device, and being used for provides protection to chinampa and the crop of being planted.The chinampa protective device can integrate with the chinampa pedestal.The chinampa protective device for example can be the net cage that is suspended on pedestal bottom, chinampa, cultures the biology that the root system that the ability cover crop is arranged does not receive other biological harm in the net cage; And/or be installed in anti-stormy waves facility and footway and the service platform facility on the frame framework of chinampa pedestal; And/or be carried in wave damper or the wave-power device on the pedestal of said chinampa.Concrete example as, according to a preferred implementation of the present invention, the chinampa protective device comprises the net cage that is suspended on pedestal bottom, chinampa, cultures the fish that have as the natural enemy of the biology of damage to crops root system in the net cage.For example, net cage can be suspended on chinampa pedestal 1 bottom through the above-mentioned connection lead 29 that penetrates in the intubate 27.The chinampa protective device of net cage form can utilize the fish of culturing in the net cage as the natural enemy of the biology of damage to crops root system to protect the crop of being planted on the one hand, also helps the blue-green algae of removing in the water body on the other hand, development aquaculture.The chinampa protective device of wave damper or wave-power device form is particularly conducive to and is applied in the extensive water body, can strengthen the effect of the anti-wave of wave absorption, thereby guarantees the stability on whole chinampa.The chinampa protective device of anti-stormy waves facility and footway and service platform facility form is then provided convenience for the artificial maintenance and operation artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating of the present invention.
In addition, artificial floating island is a surface facility system that certain freedom of movement is arranged, and can fluctuate along with the variation of water level, but its action radius will be fixed on certain waters.And in order to strengthen the capacity of anti-storm of artificial floating island, a plurality of planting grooves 2 need interconnect and be fixed in the chinampa pedestal.Therefore, the artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating of the present invention is provided with the chinampa anchor fitting.The chinampa anchor fitting comprises inner fixing device and external fixer.As stated; The connecting device that comprises planting groove bottom hole 24 and 26, intubate 27 and connection lead 29 has constituted the inner fixing device of chinampa anchor fitting that the present invention is used for the artificial floating island of Water cultivating simultaneously, thereby wherein the connection lead of the connecting device frame framework 12 that is fixed in chinampa pedestal 1 is fixed on planting groove 2 on the chinampa pedestal 1.Said external fixer is that whole artificial floating island is fixed on the fixedly device in waters, comprises steel wire rope and bank stake or anchor, and wherein an end of steel wire rope is connected in the frame framework of chinampa pedestal, and the other end of steel wire rope is connected in said bank stake or anchor.It may occur to persons skilled in the art that,, also can whole chinampa be connected with a power driven vessel, after the power driven vessel drive and being parked in safe place, utilize steel rope to be bound to the bank stake of water body, also can realize the fixing of chinampa as external fixer.
In the present invention, whole artificial floating island itself just constitutes the self standing system of a multipolarity.Particularly; In artificial floating island of the present invention; The chinampa pedestal is made up of a plurality of chinampas base unit, and planting groove is fixed on each chinampa base unit, and a chinampa base unit and another chinampa base unit connect into the one-level module; A plurality of one-level modules link to each other and constitute the secondary module, the multilevel hierarchy of formation chinampa module that the rest may be inferred.Each grade module all has its independently pedestal, and a plurality of one-level modules are connected on the pedestal of secondary module, and a plurality of secondary modules are connected on the pedestal of 3-level module, and so, whole chinampa pedestal just constitutes a multilevel hierarchy, the integrated integral body of module.
In the present invention, the artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating is a conglomerate that is formed by a plurality of function blockes integration, and the frame framework of chinampa pedestal can cross tens of approximately areas to hundreds of sq ms, to be adapted to different application.To about several squares, a plurality of planting grooves are made into the planting groove square formation of certain area through connecting device to single planting groove area, and are fixed in the frame framework of chinampa pedestal at a sq m.
In the present invention, planting groove has two kinds of monolithic devices and divergence types, and the planting groove frame and the planting groove base plate of monolithic devices planting groove are made for one by foamed cement; The planting groove frame and the planting groove base plate of divergence type planting groove are processed separately respectively by foamed cement.
In the present invention, in the planting groove base plate, be provided with the additional strengthening of keel form, and as the PVP of intubate or PVC simultaneously also can double as planting groove base plate keel, thereby further strengthened planting groove base plate and then planting groove itself.
In the present invention; The artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating is a system; Integration between five functional subsystem chinampa pedestals, planting groove, buoyancy regulation device, chinampa protective device and chinampa anchor fittings of this system produces integrates effect, and it integrates relation as follows:
(1) artificial floating island total displacement of the present invention is greater than the total weight of chinampa system self.Thus, each function block is as long as be linked to be an integral body with the chinampa system, and then the proportion of certain single component just not necessarily must be greater than the proportion of water, as long as whole lighter than water, at this moment the planting groove designed displacement can be calculated by following formula:
G≥A+B+C-D，
A wherein: planting groove deadweight; B: nutrition soil layer weight in the planting groove; C: crop amount maximum output (fresh weight); D: the chinampa base systems can be the buoyancy support that each planting groove provides.
Because the displacement cost of manufacture of the hollow buoyancy aid unit volume of installing on the base systems of chinampa is more much lower than planting groove cost of manufacture; Therefore can make full use of the chinampa base systems provides the buoyancy support; Reduce the planting groove base plate thickness, reach the target of the unit area cost that reduces the chinampa system.
(2) the nested type multilevel hierarchy through making up the chinampa system can decompose the stormy waves power of relatively concentrating on the sideline in each sub-block of whole chinampa system; Thereby be dissipated, this just makes builds the chinampa by the big more water surface of scale safety and manufacturing cost is low more more.
Function between (three) five functional subsystem chinampa pedestals, planting groove, buoyancy regulation device, chinampa protective device and the chinampa anchor fittings is integrated: comprise the function integration between the breed of kind plant and chinampa protective system in the planting groove; The function that agricultural production function and water pollution are administered is integrated; Form the integration between environmental protection industry and the multi-form agriculture industry, constitute the industrial system of the industrial symbiosis body of fecund industry symbiosis.
Although described the present invention with reference to preferred implementation of the present invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that not breaking away under the purport situation of the present invention can carry out various changes to the present invention, these changes fall within the scope of requirement protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating comprises:
The chinampa pedestal, said chinampa pedestal is made up of a plurality of chinampas base unit, and each said chinampa base unit comprises a plurality of hollow buoyancy aids and the frame framework that is connected in said a plurality of hollow buoyancy aids;
Planting groove, said planting groove are made up of planting groove base plate and planting groove frame and are fixed in said chinampa pedestal;
Buoyancy regulation device, said buoyancy regulation device comprise the air ports, the end that are arranged at said hollow buoyancy aid top be connected in the three-way pipeline of said air ports, respectively via valve be connected in said three-way pipeline other two ends Air compressor and vacuum pump and be arranged at the siphon in the said hollow buoyancy aid;
Chinampa protective device, said chinampa protective device are used for to said artificial floating island and the crop of being planted protection being provided; And
The chinampa anchor fitting, said chinampa anchor fitting is used for fixing said artificial floating island,
It is characterized in that:
Said planting groove base plate process with foamed cement and have penetrate its upper and lower surfaces a plurality of preset root hole; Said a plurality of preset root hole has the curved tube structure of
shape; And/or be equipped with on the said planting groove base plate and lead heel piece; The said heel piece of leading is processed by avirulent high-molecular organic material, is rich in tortuous capillary pipe structure;
Said planting groove base plate is coated with the waterproof surrounding layer;
Be equipped with the nutrition soil layer on the said planting groove base plate;
Said planting groove is provided with connecting device; Said connecting device comprises: at least two planting groove bottom holes; Said at least two planting groove bottom holes comprise and are arranged at least two first through holes in the planting groove base plate and are arranged on the surrounding layer cooresponding at least two second through holes of at least two first lead to the hole site with the planting groove base plate, wherein corresponding first through hole be interconnected with second through hole and both diameters identical; Intubate, said intubate are inserted in each in said two planting groove bottom holes at least; And connection lead, said connection lead penetrates in the said intubate.
2. the artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating as claimed in claim 1, wherein, said hollow buoyancy aid is hollow ball or the hollow cubic body of being processed by foamed cement or cement concrete.
3. the artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating as claimed in claim 1, wherein, foamed cement preformed part or pipe fitting that said frame framework is made muscle by round steel are processed.
4. the artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating as claimed in claim 1, wherein, said surrounding layer is processed by foamed plastic, and the cement wash that perhaps said surrounding layer is strengthened by the metakaolin that is sprayed at said planting groove plate outer surface forms.
5. the artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating as claimed in claim 1 wherein, is built-in with the keel of groined type in the said planting groove base plate.
6. the artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating as claimed in claim 1, wherein, said chinampa protective device comprises:
Be suspended on the net cage of pedestal bottom, said chinampa, culture the biology that the root system that the ability cover crop is arranged does not receive other biological harm in the said net cage; And/or
Be installed in anti-stormy waves facility and footway and service platform facility on the frame framework of said chinampa pedestal; And/or
Be carried in wave damper or wave-power device on the pedestal of said chinampa.
7. the artificial floating island that is used for Water cultivating as claimed in claim 1, wherein, said chinampa anchor fitting comprises:
Inner fixing device, said inner fixing device is realized by the connecting device of said planting groove, thereby the connection lead of wherein said connecting device is fixed in the frame framework of chinampa pedestal planting groove is fixed on the pedestal of chinampa; With
External fixer; Said external fixer is that whole artificial floating island is fixed on the fixedly device in waters; Comprise steel wire rope and bank stake or anchor, wherein an end of steel wire rope is connected in the frame framework of chinampa pedestal, and the other end of steel wire rope is connected in said bank stake or anchor.
8. planting groove that is used for the artificial floating island of Water cultivating, said planting groove is made up of planting groove base plate and planting groove frame and is fixed in the chinampa pedestal, it is characterized in that:
Said planting groove base plate process with foamed cement and have penetrate its upper and lower surfaces a plurality of preset root hole; Said a plurality of preset root hole has the curved tube structure of
shape; And/or be equipped with on the said planting groove base plate and lead heel piece; The said heel piece of leading is processed by avirulent high-molecular organic material, is rich in tortuous capillary pipe structure;
Said planting groove base plate is coated with the waterproof surrounding layer;
Be equipped with the nutrition soil layer on the said planting groove base plate;
Said planting groove is provided with connecting device; Said connecting device comprises: at least two planting groove bottom holes; Said at least two planting groove bottom holes comprise and are arranged at least two first through holes in the planting groove base plate and are arranged on the surrounding layer cooresponding at least two second through holes of at least two first lead to the hole site with the planting groove base plate, wherein corresponding first through hole be interconnected with second through hole and both diameters identical; Intubate, said intubate are inserted in each in said two planting groove bottom holes at least; And connection lead, said connection lead penetrates in the said intubate.
9. the planting groove that is used for the artificial floating island of Water cultivating as claimed in claim 8, wherein, said surrounding layer is processed by foamed plastic, and the cement wash that perhaps said surrounding layer is strengthened by the metakaolin that is sprayed at said planting groove plate outer surface forms.
10. the planting groove that is used for the artificial floating island of Water cultivating as claimed in claim 8 wherein, is built-in with the keel of groined type in the said planting groove base plate.
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