CN110896699A

CN110896699A - Method for treating saline-alkali soil by using cord grass and mangrove forest

Info

Publication number: CN110896699A
Application number: CN201911245232.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡爱生; 胡心宇
Original assignee: Hunan Yuanhe Agricultural Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Yuanhe Agricultural Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-06
Filing date: 2019-12-06
Publication date: 2020-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-06
Also published as: CN110896699B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for treating saline-alkali soil by utilizing cord grass and mangrove forest, which uses fresh water to mechanically wash salt once to permanently benefit, the cost after the spreading is not high, the yield increase is obvious after the salt washing, the increased investment can be rapidly compensated for the production increment, and the method is still a relatively economic and reasonable method. After salt washing, high-concentration salt water can be obtained and can be comprehensively utilized, and salt-containing water in saline-alkali soil can be changed into seawater to develop a marine ecosystem and seawater agriculture.

Description

Method for treating saline-alkali soil by using cord grass and mangrove forest

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to the field of biological purification, in particular to a method for treating saline-alkali soil by utilizing cord grass and mangrove.

Background art:

in arid areas, due to small rainfall and large evaporation capacity, the salt in the soil is accumulated on the surface layer through capillary action to form saline-alkali soil. The drought causes salt alkalization, salt is mainly accumulated in a soil layer with a certain thickness at the upper part, and the soil and underground water at the lower layer are fresh water, so that the problem of overhigh salt and alkali content in the saline-alkali soil can be solved at one time by only cleaning the salt in the cultivated soil layer and adding a proper measure for preventing capillary salt reversion.

The traditional technology adopts biological measures, soil conditioner measures, agricultural technical measures, salt-resistant varieties and the like, has unobvious effect, overhigh cost and rapid salt return, and cannot solve the soil obstacle factor of salt and alkali once and for all. The conventional saline-alkali soil treatment method is only an auxiliary measure in cultivation, salt is not completely removed from a soil body, salt return is rapid, the effect is not obvious, and the relative cost is very high.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to provide a method for treating saline-alkali soil by utilizing cord grass and mangrove forest, which uses fresh water to mechanically wash salt once to permanently benefit, the cost after spreading is not high, the yield is increased remarkably after salt washing, the increased investment can be rapidly compensated for the increment of production, and the method is still relatively economic and reasonable. After salt washing, high-concentration salt water can be obtained and can be comprehensively utilized, and salt-containing water in saline-alkali soil can be changed into seawater to develop a marine ecosystem and seawater agriculture.

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a method for treating saline-alkali soil by utilizing cord grass and mangrove forest comprises the following steps:

step one, establishing a ditch network system of the saline-alkali soil, and timely pumping residual water in a ditch out of the ditch to control the underground water level to be below 1 m of the ground;

dissolving and diluting salt in the soil by fresh water or low-salinity water, performing filter pressing or centrifugal separation or pouring fresh water to reduce the salinity to the level suitable for the set salt content of the crops, and repeatedly washing the salt until the concentration of the salt suitable for growth of the planted crops is lower than that of the salt suitable for growth of the planted crops to obtain the soil with low salt content;

step three, paving a capillary water isolation layer under the soil with low salt content

Step four, planting the cord grass and the red forest or other salt-loving terrestrial plants on the soil with low salt content to replace salt-washing plants; the substitute salt-washing plant is an improved variety formed by long-term low-salt adaptation of the cord grass and/or the red forest, and the juice of the cord grass and/or the red forest grown in the seawater environment can be mixed with the small molecular magnetized water according to the volume ratio of 0.1-300:1000, and then the seeds or the plants of other terrestrial plants are soaked and sprayed on the leaf surfaces to replace the low-salt adaptation cord grass and/or the red forest.

The improvement is that when the saline-alkali soil is at the seaside and/or the saline-alkali soil, a seawater agricultural community is arranged on the periphery of the saline-washed soil, a water-resisting material is used for enclosing a seawater agricultural ecological zone, and the bottom layer of the seawater agricultural ecological zone is isolated by a waterproof material so as to cut off the association between the seawater ecological zone and the underground water.

In a further improvement, in the second step, the salt-containing water is used for seawater industrial culture.

In a further improvement, the seawater industrial culture comprises aquatic product culture, seaweed culture, duckweed culture, microalgae culture, seawater desalination plants, sea salt or saline-alkali land salt deep processing plants, and is matched with a solar boiler, an energy circulation system, a water treatment circulation system, a gas and heat circulation system and an agricultural product processing plant.

In a further improvement, the salt-containing water is used for salt production or mineral component extraction.

In a further improvement, through the fourth step, other species of salt-resistant series with salt-resistant capability formed by terrestrial plants and normal growth between 35 per thousand and 1 per thousand of salt concentration are cultivated.

In a further improvement, the species of the salt-resistant series is used as feed.

In the third step, a root guide sheet is laid under the saline-washed soil to ensure that capillary water is isolated and does not prevent the penetration of gravity water, root systems and air, and the structure of the root guide sheet is shown in patent 201110223643.9.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

in order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

Example 1

1. And (3) establishing a ditch network system of the saline-alkali soil, and timely pumping the residual water in the ditch out of the ditch to control the groundwater level to be below 1 m (the groundwater level upper limit control can be properly adjusted according to the setting of crops planted in the soil).

2. Dissolving or diluting the salt in the soil by fresh water or low-salinity water in a mechanized method, carrying out filter pressing on singers to centrifugally separate salt-containing water, and repeatedly washing the salt by the method for many times until the salt concentration which can be adapted to planted crops is lower than that of the planted crops.

3. The soil washed with salt is spread on the fine water isolation layer, so that gravity water can flow out of the capillary water isolation layer, and neither the gravity water nor the capillary water can enter the plough layer from bottom to top. The path for capillary water to rise is blocked.

4. Comprises the steps of building a mariculture plant by using the salt washing water, developing the mariculture industry, producing salt or extracting valuable mineral components.

5. The invention uses a large salt washing machine to wash a surface soil layer with the thickness of 1 m clean with water, lays a shudi root-guiding sheet on the lower layer, blocks capillary water from evaporating and returning salt, and permanently changes the salinization of the surface soil layer.

6. The salt water obtained by salt washing is used as the water source of industrial mariculture plants.

7. Planting the cord grass and the red forest and rebuilding the marine ecology. The juice of mangrove and rice grass is added with proper amount of small molecule magnetized water to soak seed and seedling and to spray foliage, so as to raise the salt tolerance and drought resistance of terrestrial crop and resist salt by about 10%. The method comprises the steps of soaking seeds or seedlings of species growing in a seawater environment with cell juice of terrestrial biological species relatively close to each other and micromolecular magnetized water in a proper amount, spraying the cell juice and the micromolecular magnetized water on leaf surfaces, reducing the dependency of seawater plants on salt, developing sea-land excessive zone planting, and removing excessive salt in a soil layer by utilizing crop planting with different salt resistance.

8. The high-salinity water obtained by washing the salt with the soil of the saline-alkali soil is used for culturing the seaweed and the microalgae for industrial culture of the seawater.

9. The method comprises the steps of constructing an isolation zone and a transition zone of seawater agriculture and land agriculture in a saline-alkali area, and enclosing a seawater agricultural production zone by using a water-proof material so as to prevent high-salinity water from permeating underground and polluting underground water.

10. And (4) constructing a processing plant for the brine washing, and recovering mineral elements and chemical raw materials with high economic value.

11. The species with the salt resistance between 35 per mill and 1 per mill formed in the step 7 are adopted to be planted on the soil with different salt contents, the root-guiding sheet isolation is realized between 1 meter of the topsoil layer and the underground water, the salt-loving crops are planted, and the generated biological yield is used as non-grain feed for the breeding industry in the area with the precipitation amount larger than the evaporation amount, so that the effect of quickly reducing the salt can be achieved. As a supplementary salt reduction technical means in the regions with insufficient salt washing. The milfoil can remove 200 grams of soil surface salt per cubic meter every year. Spraying small molecule magnetized water to improve the desalting capacity of the cord grass by more than two times.

11. The industrial rice grass and mangrove water culture planting factory is built, the underground water desalting factory can be built by combining small molecule magnetized water, 30 g of salt can be discharged from the leaf surface of the rice grass planted in each square meter of floating island every day, 40 g of high-quality fresh feed can be produced, the rice grass planting factory can remove salt in water, the industrial and economic income can be realized, and the factory is the salt water desalination factory and the agricultural feed planting factory with the highest benefit.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for treating saline-alkali soil by utilizing cord grass and mangrove is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the saline-alkali soil is near the seaside and/or in the saline-alkali soil, the periphery of the saline-washed soil is provided with a seawater agricultural community surrounded by water-proof materials to form a seawater agricultural ecological zone, and the bottom layer of the seawater agricultural ecological zone is isolated by the water-proof materials to cut off the connection between the seawater ecological zone and the groundwater.

3. The method for treating saline-alkali soil by utilizing cord grass and mangrove forest according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the saline water is used for seawater industrial culture.

4. The method of treating saline and alkaline land utilizing cord grass and mangrove of claim 3, wherein said industrial aquaculture of sea water comprises aquaculture of aquatic products, algae, duckweed, microalgae, desalination plants, deep processing plants of sea or saline land salt, and is matched with solar boilers, energy cycles, water treatment cycles, gas and heat cycle systems and agricultural product processing plants.

5. The method for treating saline and alkaline land with milfoil and mangrove as claimed in claim 1, wherein the saline water is used for salt production or mineral component extraction.

6. The method for treating saline-alkali soil using cord grass and mangrove as claimed in claim 1, wherein through said fourth step, species of salt-resistant series with salt-resistant ability normally growing between 35% o and 1% o of salt concentration formed by other terrestrial plants are cultivated.

7. The method of treating saline and alkaline land utilizing cord grass and mangrove as claimed in claim 6, wherein said species of salt-resistant series is used as feed.

8. The method for treating saline-alkali soil by utilizing rice grass and mangrove as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, the soil after salt washing is laid with root-guiding pieces to ensure the isolation of capillary water without hindering the penetration of gravity water, root system and air.