CN102318729B - Method and equipment for preparing low-moisture silage - Google Patents
Method and equipment for preparing low-moisture silage Download PDFInfo
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- CN102318729B CN102318729B CN201110214356.1A CN201110214356A CN102318729B CN 102318729 B CN102318729 B CN 102318729B CN 201110214356 A CN201110214356 A CN 201110214356A CN 102318729 B CN102318729 B CN 102318729B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a method and equipment for preparing low-moisture silage. The method comprises the following steps of: manufacturing a silage sealing container suitable for the volume of the use amount by using reinforced concrete according to the use amount of the low-moisture silage required by livestock everyday; manufacturing silage sealing containers, the number of which is the same to the cycle number, according to the preparation cycle number of the low-moisture silage; preparing main and auxiliary materials; preparing a mixed material; putting the mixed material in one silage sealing container; sealing the silage sealing container and vaccumizing to the pressure of 0-0.1 MPa; keeping the temperature in the sealing container at 25-30 DEG C; storing for 26-30 days in summer and autumn and 42-45 days in spring and winter; completely feeding the prepared low-moisture silage to the livestock; and taking the low-moisture silage and feeding the low-moisture silage in the same day. The method provided by the invention is simple and practical. The low-moisture silage can be prepared at low cost. The equipment has the advantages of being low in cost, easy for manufacture and low in cost and can solve the secondary fermentation problem. The equipment can be popularized and applied.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of manufacture method and equipment thereof of the low moisture content ensilage for animal husbandry.
Background technology
The forage feed mode of the artificial houses such as current vaccary, cattle farm, sheep raising Chang, pig factory or half stable breeding formula animal husbandry is that greenfeed adds concentrated feed.Concentrated feed is cereal crops, as the mankind such as corn, soybean also edible cereal crops.Greenfeed be take the green grass, Alfalfa, herbage etc. of self-sow or artificial growth as main, be divided into dry greenfeed and fresh greenfeed, dry greenfeed water content is 10% left and right, and fresh greenfeed water content is 70～80%, and fresh greenfeed process airing or oven dry are anhydrated and become dry greenfeed.Dry greenfeed is beneficial to and stores and transportation, but fresh greenfeed is while being processed into dry greenfeed, not only the nutritive loss 30～40% in it, and mouthfeel is poor, beast is not liked eating yet, and must in dry greenfeed, add 10～20% concentrated feed, just meets beast nutritional need.Fresh greenfeed is unfavorable for storing and transportation, though beast is liked eating, because water content is high, though the beast amount of eating is many, actual nutrition is few, also need in fresh greenfeed feed, add 10～20% concentrated feed, just meets beast nutritional need.
Low moisture content ensilage is present recent studies on, for the new feedstuff of animal husbandry.Low moisture content ensilage water content is 40～50%, through fermentation, makes, and the sweet acid of mouthfeel is moderate, and beast is liked eating, and is of high nutritive value, and without adding concentrated feed, can meet beast nutritional need.The feeding patterns that adopts low moisture content ensilage to add concentrated feed than greenfeed according to measuring and calculating can be saved feed cost 50～60%, increases by 2 times of left and right of profit, can save grain, solves beast and people and strives grain problem.The manufacture method of external low moisture content ensilage only has minority animal husbandry developed country to grasp, and complex manufacturing technology, and making apparatus is expensive, and cost of manufacture is high, can not solve secondary fermentation problem.
Summary of the invention
The manufacture method and the equipment thereof that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of low moisture content ensilage, the method is simply applicable, can low cost make low moisture content ensilage; This equipment price is cheap, is easy to manufacture, and cost is low, can solve secondary fermentation problem.
For this reason, a kind of manufacture method of low moisture content ensilage, step is:
(1) according to the consumption of beast required low moisture content ensilage every day, with armored concrete, make the ensiling airtight container adapting with this consumption volume, according to the manufacturing cycle number of days of low moisture content ensilage, manufacture the ensiling airtight container with this cycle number of days equal number;
(2) preparation of auxiliary material, after bean dregs, vinasse, brewex's grains, edible mushroom are cultivated, bacterium chaff, megasse, dry or dry, and pulverizes, and making water content in it is 8～10%, makes auxiliary material;
(3) the fresh greenfeed that is 70～80% by water content, is processed into 0.5～5cm with kneader long, and the strand shape section of diameter 0.3～1mm, makes major ingredient;
(4) get by weight: 100～150 parts of major ingredients, 20～70 parts of auxiliary materials, 1～2 part of enzyme preparation, 1.5～2 parts of pulverized limestones, 1～2 part of salt, 0.5～1.5 part, bacterium powder, 1～2 part of trace element, mix, make compound;
(5) compound is put in an ensiling airtight container, sealed this container, vacuumize, pressure 0～0.1Mpa, keeping temperature in this container of sealing is 25～30 ℃, period of storage summer, autumn 26～30 days, spring, winter 42～45 days;
(6) according to the manufacturing cycle number of days of low moisture content ensilage, later each day is respectively by storing compound processed according to the date respectively in the ensiling airtight container of the preparation method of step (2) to (5) couple and this cycle number of days equal number, to guarantee often daily have an ensiling airtight container to prepare;
(7) the ensiling airtight container that prepared by unpacking, make low moisture content ensilage, once a day the low moisture content ensilage in an ensiling airtight container is all taken out and feeds beast, accomplish to get the same day and fed the same day, preparation method according to step (2) to (5) stores compound processed to this vacant ensiling airtight container again, the low moisture content ensilage state of making be color green in containing yellow, micro-band aroma, the sweet acid of mouthfeel is moderate.
20～70 parts of described auxiliary materials for bean dregs, vinasse, brewex's grains, edible mushroom cultivate after choosing any one kind of them in bacterium chaff, megasse, or several any combination amount.
Said structure design has realized object of the present invention.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
1, method of the present invention is simply applicable, can low cost make low moisture content ensilage.According to measuring and calculating, by the method, making low moisture content ensilage per ton cost price is only 20% of external per ton cost price, increase by 2 times of left and right of profit, and both nutritive values of low moisture content ensilage is basic identical.The low moisture content ensilage state of making be color green in containing yellow, micro-band aroma, the sweet acid of mouthfeel is moderate, it is edible that beast is liked.Coordinate the byproduct of food processing and bacterial classification to support the low moisture content ensilage that the discarded object after planting is made in domestic fresh greenfeed, can save a large amount of cereal crops, thoroughly solve beast and people and strive grain problem.Method of the present invention is simply applicable, and the additional conditions that do not require are applicable to China's national situation, can suit measures to local conditions to manufacture.Method of the present invention has solved secondary fermentation problem, make low moisture content ensilage, once a day the low moisture content ensilage in an ensiling airtight container is all taken out and feeds beast, accomplish to get the same day and fed the same day, do not prevent the freezing carrying costs of secondary fermentation, do not have secondary fermentation problem yet.
2, equipment price of the present invention is cheap, is easy to manufacture, and cost is low.Equipment cost of the present invention only accounts for 1% of overseas equipment cost, without complicated monitoring instrument and equipment, can complete the manufacture of low moisture content ensilage.
3, with the present invention, make low moisture content ensilage, water content is 40～50%, low moisture content ensilage state be color green in containing yellow, micro-band aroma, the sweet acid of mouthfeel is moderate, nutritious, it is edible that beast is liked, and gives milk and significantly increase with meat yield, can improve 2～3 times of cultivation profits.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of equipment of the present invention
Specific embodiments
Embodiment 1: as shown in the figure, a kind of manufacture method of low moisture content ensilage, step is:
(1) according to the consumption of beast required low moisture content ensilage every day, with armored concrete, make the ensiling airtight container adapting with this consumption volume, according to the manufacturing cycle number of days of low moisture content ensilage, manufacture the ensiling airtight container with this cycle number of days equal number;
(2) preparation of auxiliary material, after bean dregs, vinasse, brewex's grains, edible mushroom are cultivated, bacterium chaff, megasse, dry or dry, and pulverizes, and making water content in it is 8～10%, makes auxiliary material;
(3) the fresh greenfeed that is 70～80% by water content, is processed into 0.5～5cm with kneader long, and the strand shape section of diameter 0.3～1mm, makes major ingredient; Fresh greenfeed is that the green grass that grows of self-sow or people's work post, Alfalfa, herbage etc. are main, also can comprise traditional fresh greenfeeds such as zea mexicana grass, sorghum saccharatum, hybrid giant napier, cereal crops straw.Fresh greenfeed water content is 70～80%.Can select according to the fresh greenfeed asgrow variety in area, select a kind of of above-mentioned fresh greenfeed or several to be mixed and made into major ingredient.
(4) get by weight: 100～150 parts of major ingredients, 20～70 parts of auxiliary materials, 1～2 part of enzyme preparation, 1.5～2 parts of pulverized limestones, 1～2 part of salt, 0.5～1.5 part, bacterium powder, 1～2 part of trace element, mix, make compound.20～70 parts of described auxiliary materials be in bacterium chaff after bean dregs, vinasse, brewex's grains, edible mushroom are cultivated, megasse optional～kind, or several any combination amount, can select according to regional supplementary product kind.Described enzyme preparation, air exhauster, kneader, bacterium powder and trace element are product that market is purchased.
Described bacterium powder is choosing any one kind of them or several any combination in dusty yeast, lactic acid bacteria powder, EM bacterium powder.Described trace element is several any combination that beast grows in required vitamin, amino acid, inorganic salts and mineral matter, can add in right amount according to the fresh greenfeed nutrition in area.
(5) compound is put in an ensiling airtight container, sealed this container, vacuumize, pressure 0～0.1Mpa, keeping temperature in this container of sealing is 25～30 ℃, period of storage summer, autumn 26～30 days, spring, winter 42～45 days;
(6) according to the manufacturing cycle number of days of low moisture content ensilage, later each day is respectively by storing compound processed according to the date respectively in the ensiling airtight container of the preparation method of step (2) to (5) couple and this cycle number of days equal number, to guarantee often daily have an ensiling airtight container to prepare;
(7) the ensiling airtight container that prepared by unpacking, make low moisture content ensilage, once a day the low moisture content ensilage in an ensiling airtight container is all taken out and feeds beast, accomplish to get the same day and fed the same day, preparation method according to step (2) to (5) stores compound processed to this vacant ensiling airtight container again, the low moisture content ensilage state of making be color green in containing yellow, micro-band aroma, the sweet acid of mouthfeel is moderate.
A manufacturing equipment for low moisture content ensilage, is mainly comprised of pump-line 5 and evacuating valve 7, by the mixed soil 10 of doubting of reinforcing bar 8, makes the ensiling airtight container 6 of rectangle upper shed.Ensiling airtight container upper end one sidewall is provided with exhaust tube 3, exhaust tube is inner to communicate with in ensiling airtight container upper end, exhaust tube outer end communicates with pump-line by evacuating valve, and air exhauster communicates after the evacuating valve of the exhaust tube on pump-line each ensiling airtight container in parallel.The upper end open of ensiling airtight container is by flexible sealing plate lid 1 sealing.The upper end open of ensiling airtight container is followed successively by flexible sealing Ban Gai edge and shaped as frame sealing clamp 2 along wall upper end.Shaped as frame sealing clamp peripheral intervals distance is provided with the tightening buckle 11 that the corresponding fastening of the dead ring 4 being provided with ensiling airtight container side upper wall compresses flexible sealing plate lid.The volume 9 of a described ensiling airtight container with the consumption volume ratio of beast required low moisture content ensilage every day is: 1～1.2:1.Flexible sealing plate lid for rubber seal cover plate or plastic seal cover plate or the upper end open that at least guarantees ensiling airtight container along the flexible sealing Ban Gai edge of wall upper end, be that flexible material is made.
During use, after compound is put in an ensiling airtight container, with flexible sealing plate cap seal, cover this ensiling airtight container upper end open and use shaped as frame sealing clamp gland at flexible sealing Ban Gai edge, tightening buckle is buckled on dead ring, press down tightening buckle handle, sealed soft sealing plate lid edge, completes the sealing to ensiling airtight container.Open evacuating valve, open air exhauster pressure in this ensiling airtight container is kept to 0～0.1Mpa, after reaching, close evacuating valve and air exhauster; Otherwise, open evacuating valve and air exhauster.
Embodiment 2: beast total amount required low moisture content ensilage every day is 1000kg, and it is 10m that the low moisture content ensilage of 1000kg is amounted to volume
3, with armored concrete, make 10m
3～10.1m
3the ensiling airtight container of volume; The manufacturing cycle number of days of low moisture content ensilage is 45 days, manufactures 45 with big or small ensiling airtight container.By bean dregs, megasse half and half, dry or dry, pulverize, making water content in it is 8～10%, makes auxiliary material 169kg.The Alfalfa that is 70～80% by water content, green grass half and half, be processed into 0.5～5cm with kneader long, and the strand shape section of diameter 0.3～1mm, makes major ingredient 800kg.The trace element such as Cobastab, lysine, iron, zinc, iodine, magnesium in above-mentioned feed after testing, choosing is raiseeed and is used thiamine hydrochloride 1kg, poultry lysine 2kg, poultry iron chloride 2kg, raises with zinc sulfate 1kg, raises with KI 1kg, raises and use magnesium sulfate 1kg, adds in compound with balanced feed nutrition.Take food again salt 8kg, pulverized limestone 11kg, dusty yeast 2kg, enzyme preparation 2kg, add in compound, after mixing, insert in an ensiling airtight container, seal this container, vacuumize, pressure 0～0.1Mpa, keeping temperature in this container of sealing is 25～30 ℃, period of storage summer, autumn 26～30 days, spring, winter 42～45 days.Keep the interior temperature of this container of sealing to adopt and add cotton-wadded quilt winter and the insulation of lighting a fire, cover the conventional methods such as cloudy canopy and fan for cooling summer.Second day is prepared as stated above another ton of compound again and is put in another ensiling airtight container, and later every day is like this, respectively today by 45 with storing compound in big or small ensiling airtight container.Now, the low moisture content ensilage of preparation is own has for the first time prepared, all take out and feed beast, accomplish to get the same day and fed the same day, preparation method according to above-mentioned steps stores compound processed to this vacant ensiling airtight container again, get successively the phase later every day and prepared the low moisture content ensilage in ensiling airtight container, feed beast, move in circles.Obviously, can change main materials and auxiliary materials kind and adjust beast taste to adapt to.
In a word, method of the present invention is simply applicable, can low cost make low moisture content ensilage; This equipment price is cheap, is easy to manufacture, and cost is low, can solve secondary fermentation problem.Can promote the use of.
Claims (1)
1. a manufacture method for low moisture content ensilage, is characterized in that:
(1) according to the consumption of beast required low moisture content ensilage every day, with armored concrete, make the ensiling airtight container adapting with this consumption volume, according to the manufacturing cycle number of days of low moisture content ensilage, manufacture the ensiling airtight container with this cycle number of days equal number;
(2) preparation of auxiliary material, after bean dregs, vinasse, edible mushroom are cultivated, bacterium chaff, megasse, dry or dry, pulverize, making water content in it is 8～10%, makes auxiliary material, and auxiliary material is choosing any one kind of them or several any combination amount in bacterium chaff after bean dregs, vinasse, edible mushroom are cultivated, megasse;
(3) the fresh greenfeed that is 70～80% by water content, is processed into 0.5～5cm with kneader long, and the strand shape section of diameter 0.3～1mm, makes major ingredient;
(4) get by weight: 100～150 parts of major ingredients, 20～70 parts of auxiliary materials, 1～2 part of enzyme preparation, 1.5～2 parts of pulverized limestones, 1～2 part of salt, 0.5～1.5 part, bacterium powder, 1～2 part of trace element, mix, make compound, described bacterium powder is choosing any one kind of them or several any combination in dusty yeast, lactic acid bacteria powder, EM bacterium powder;
(5) compound is put in an ensiling airtight container, sealed this container, vacuumize, pressure 0～0.1Mpa, keeping temperature in this container of sealing is 25～30 ℃, period of storage summer, autumn 26～30 days, spring, winter 42～45 days;
(6), according to the manufacturing cycle number of days of low moisture content ensilage, each day store compound processed according to the date respectively by the preparation method of step (2) to (5) respectively later;
(7) the ensiling airtight container that prepared by unpacking, make low moisture content ensilage, once a day the low moisture content ensilage in an ensiling airtight container is all taken out and feeds beast, accomplish to get the same day and fed the same day, preparation method according to step (2) to (5) stores compound processed to this vacant ensiling airtight container again, the low moisture content ensilage state of making be color green in containing yellow, micro-band aroma, the sweet acid of mouthfeel is moderate.
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| CN102599370B (en) * | 2012-03-16 | 2013-07-17 | 何寒 | Method for preparing pork pig feed by taking pennisetum hydridum as main raw material |
| CN103734552B (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-06-10 | 青岛农业大学 | Milk goat fermented total mixed ration based on fresh green forage |
| CN105851512A (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-08-17 | 贵州省草业研究所 | Method for producing silage from soybean curb residues |
| CN108112783A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2018-06-05 | 林善斌 | The manufacturing method of low moisture content greenfeed |
| CN107912613A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-17 | 柏绿山 | With the feed and its production method of food leaf grass production |
| CN108077601A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-29 | 宜宾市动物疫病预防控制中心 | The preparation method of hybrid giant napier mixed silage feed and the feed prepared by this method |
| CN108174976A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-06-19 | 成都市孔宣农业科技有限公司 | The manufacturing method of low moisture greenfeed |
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