RU2376867C1 - Method for laying-in of haylage in package from mixed cereals-legumes under conditions of cryolithic zone - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to fodder production. Method consists in the fact that fodder crops are selected, at the same time mixed cereals-legumes are used, sowing is carried out in 3 stages: 3^rd decade of May, 2^nd decade of June, 1^st decade of July, harvesting is carried out in phase of milky ripeness in cereals and formation of beans in legumes, and haylage is laid-in by technology of fodders preparation in rolls.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase nutritional value of produced fodder and to reduce labour costs.

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to feed production.

A known method of harvesting feed (application No. 92004160, 1995 A23K 3/00), in which coarse-grained herbs are subjected to sowing to a moisture content of 70-75%, drying is continued to 55-60% moisture, is ground, loaded into a storage and pressurized.

A known method of harvesting and storing green feed in sealed containers (application No. 2004116699, 06/01/2004, A23K 3/00), in which green forage is harvested in sealed containers, including storing green mass by rolling into rolls and isolation from atmospheric air is carried out in specially prepared trench.

The disadvantage of these methods is loading into the storage and sealing in specially prepared trenches.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed is a method of harvesting haylage from grain crops (USSR patent No. 978817, 1982, A23K 3/02), in which haylage is harvested from grain crops, including mowing green mass in the stage of full ripeness of grain.

The disadvantage of this method is the sowing of only one-component crops, and not mixed with legumes, which are characterized by a high protein content.

The technical result of the claimed invention is the use in the conditions of permafrost cultivation of annual fodder crops for harvesting haylage in the package by selecting legumes and cereals, determining the timing of sowing in the North.

The claimed method of cultivating fodder crops for harvesting haylage in a package differs from the prototype in that in the conditions of permafrost zone sowing of cereal-bean mixtures is carried out in 3 terms. Harvesting fodder using the technology of haylage in packaging in the conditions of the permafrost zone has fundamental differences and advantages compared to the traditional trench method of harvesting haylage and is much less labor-consuming and energy-intensive.

The method of harvesting hay from mixed cereals and legumes is as follows:

- selection of forage crops for harvesting haylage in a package;

sowing oats, oatmeal, pea-oat, pea-oat and barley mixtures in 3 terms: III decade of May, II decade of June, I decade of July;

- harvesting in the phase of milk ripeness in cereals, the formation of beans in legumes;

- technology for the preparation of feed in rolls: mowing grass, fluffing, forming rolls, pressing rolls, packing rolls, warehousing and storage of rolls.

The applied haylage technology in packaging and selected fodder crops differ significantly from the traditionally existing haylage technology, not only in the technology of haylage preparation, but also in the high yield of feed units and crude protein per unit area, the nutritional value of the feed obtained, as well as low cost and labor costs for it production:

- almost 2 times higher content of feed units and carotene;

- fully enriches the diet with sugar;

- reliably provides animals with a sugar-protein ratio;

- less feed dry matter is lost than in the production of hay and silage;

- in terms of fodder and biological properties it approaches freshly cut grass;

- labor costs are reduced by 50-60% and diesel fuel consumption - up to 40%.

Claims (1)

The method of harvesting haylage from crops, including mowing green mass in the stage of full ripeness of grain, laying for storage, characterized in that in the conditions of the North permafrost zone forage crops are selected, mixed cereal-leguminous crops are used, sowing is carried out in 3 terms: 3 decade of May, 2 decade of June, 1 decade of July, harvesting is carried out in the phase of milk ripeness in cereals and the formation of beans in legumes, and haylage is harvested using the technology of harvesting feed in rolls.