RU2099966C1 - Preserving additive at corn siloing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; may be used when siloing high-moist corn. SUBSTANCE: grass meal of milk vetch is used in amount of 3-5% from mass of siloed corn. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for silage of high-moisture corn.

 It is known to use as a preservative additive for preserving the green mass of plants of freshly chopped needles [1] Freshly chopped needles are added in an amount of 5% to the weight of the silage, mixed and covered without air.

 However, the harvesting of needles is limited territorially and is possible only in the forest zone. In addition, wet chopped needles are difficult to evenly distribute and mix with silage, and mechanize the process of its application. This preservative additive cannot be prepared in stock, it must be prepared at the time of silage.

 It is also known that wood greens are used as a preservative in siloing feeds [2] Wood greens are added to the silage in an amount of 3-5%, mixed and covered without air.

 The disadvantage of this preservative additive is the reduction of nutrient content in the feed during storage due to significant losses of dry matter.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the safety of nutrients in canned food and improve its quality.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that as a preservative additive in the siloing of high-moisture corn, grass goatskin is used in the amount of 3-5% of the weight of the silo mass.

 Oriental goathouse (galega) is a genus of perennial plants in the legume family, a valuable plant that provides abundant food [3] Based on the authors' study of the chemical composition of the herbaceous goat's east flour, it is revealed that its dry matter contains up to 3-4 galegin alkaloid, which is a strong bactericidal and fungicidal substance, which indicates the possibility of using it as a preservative additive in feed silage. From sources of scientific, technical and patent literature, the use of Eastern goatskin as a preservative is unknown.

 The advantage of Eastern goatskin is its availability in the preparation of grass meal and its use as a preservative in any soil and climate zone. Each farm, harvesting silage, can provide the need for this preservative due to its own crops of Eastern goatskin. Oriental goat's herb flour as a free-flowing substance is convenient to use as a preservative additive. Harvesting it can be done in stock and stored for a long time.

 Silage is as follows.

The green mass of eastern goatskin in the flowering phase is crushed, dried and ground on an AVM-1.5 aggregate, and then added in the form of flour to silage high-moisture corn in the amount of 3-5 to the weight of the silted mass, mixed, sealed with a plastic film and covered with straw straw top 30-40 cm. The moisture content of the green mass of silage corn is 86
The experiments to study the effectiveness of the use of oriental goat broom grass flour as a preservative additive were carried out in the experimental and production conditions of the applicant's experimental production facility.

 Example 1. The action of the preservative is checked during silage of maize with a moisture content of 86 to which, after grinding, 2 weight is added. Eastern goat's flour. The mass of corn is tightly packed in laboratory glassware, sealed with plastic wrap.

 Example 2. In the process of laying high-moisture corn, 3 weight is added to it. goat flour from the weight of silage corn. The canning technology is similar to example 1.

 Example 3. In the process of laying high-moisture corn, 5 weight is added to it. East goat flour from the weight of silage corn. The canning technology is similar to example 1.

 Example 4. In a silage mass of high moisture corn add 7 weight. East goat flour from the weight of silage corn. The canning technology is similar to example 1.

 Example 5. In a silage mass of high moisture corn add 10 weight. additives of eastern goatskin flour. The canning technology is similar to example 1.

 Example 6. For comparison, carry out a control experiment. High-moisture corn is put into storage according to the technology described in example 1 without making preservative additives (control).

 40 days after laying the corn, the laboratory containers are opened, samples of silos are taken from each container, an organoleptic evaluation of the silos is carried out. Organoleptic evaluation of silos prepared in laboratory containers showed that the feed was well preserved, had a slightly yellowish-green color, and the plant structure was completely preserved in them. No signs of decay and mold were found in the feed, which is the result of the manifestation of the bactericidal and fungicidal properties of eastern goatskin flour.

 The results of determining the chemical composition and preservation of nutrients of silos are given in table 1.

 From the above table. it can be seen that a high-quality silo with a high content of nutrients was obtained by introducing the proposed preservative additives of eastern goatroat flour in an amount of 3-5% by weight. by weight of silage high moisture corn.

 The silage process when using the proposed preservative additives proceeds in the desired direction, as indicated by the increased content of lactic acid in the feed, which contributes to the development of lactic acid bacteria.

 From the data table. 1 shows that the content of feed units in silos harvested with the introduction of 3-5 weight. Eastern goat's grass flour, it was higher by 11.8 digestible protein by 13.2-29.3% fat by 49.5-80.6% phosphorus by 24.2% carotene by 17.3-18.8% against the control feed without preservative additives.

 In the conditions of the Ufimskoye industrial and industrial complex, a production audit was carried out to determine the effectiveness of the use of the proposed preservative additive when harvesting high-moisture corn silage.

 Example 7. The action of the proposed preservative additives is checked during the silage of high-moisture corn (humidity 86%). To lay the corn on the silo, a pit 2x2x7 m in size was dug. To improve the sealing of the silage, the bottom and side walls of the silage pit were covered with a plastic film. When siloing, a preservative additive at the rate of 4 weight is added to the green mass of silted corn. by weight of corn. The mass to be laid is carefully rammed with a tractor. The preservative additive is added manually. After filling the trench, the corn silage is covered with a plastic wrap and a 40-50 cm thick straw layer.

 Example 8. For comparison, carry out a control experiment high-moisture corn is laid in a pit size 2x2x7 m according to the technology described in example 7, without making preservative additives. An autopsy is carried out after 40 days. After opening, silage samples are taken from each pit and a chemical analysis is performed for nutrient content. The results of determining the chemical composition and nutrient content of silos harvested in pits with and without preservative are shown in Table 2.

From the table. it can be seen that in 1 kg of silage harvested with the introduction of herbal preservative in an amount of 4 wt. compared to the weight of the silted corn mass of oriental goat grass, compared with silage without a preservative additive, more than 15.02% of digestible protein is contained, fat is 40.3% feed units 11.6% phosphorus 23.2% carotene 18, 4%
Using the proposed preservative additives will allow:
apply valuable bean feed to herbal flour of eastern goatskin as a preservative additive and thus expand the range of preservatives used;
increase nutrient content and feed quality compared to silage control prepared without preservative additives;
when harvesting silage from high-moisture corn, additionally save 20-30 feed units, 2.3-2.5 kg of digestible protein, 2.0-2.5 kg of fat, 1.4-2.8 g of carotene in each ton of feed;
to harvest the grassy flour of Eastern goatskin in the summer in stock and save for a long time;
reduce the loss of valuable nutrients arising from the juice during the silage of high-moisture corn.

References:
1. Auto USSR N 577012, class A 23 K 3/00, 1977.

 2. Auto USSR N 695650, class A 23 K 3/00, 1979.

 3. The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (TSB). -M. publishing house "Soviet Encyclopedia", 1971, p. 57.

Claims (1)

 The use of herbal flour of Eastern goatskin (galega) as a preservative additive for corn silage.

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