CN101433278A

CN101433278A - Ensiling technique added with biological formulation and chemical formulation

Info

Publication number: CN101433278A
Application number: CNA2007101136371A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 申凤英
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-11-16
Filing date: 2007-11-16
Publication date: 2009-05-20

Abstract

The invention discloses a technology for ensiling with biological and chemical agents. The method comprises the steps of harvest at the right time, thin and fine cutting, addition of a mixture of the biological and chemical agents, layered loading and compaction and sealing, and can produce feed which has strong palatability, high digestibility and high rate of nutritive value preservation. The method overcomes drawbacks of the prior ensiling technology and improves the yield and quality of ensilage. Straw feed produced by the method has less nutrient loss which is no more than 10 percent, soft, tender and succulent stems and leaves, rich nutrients such as digestible vitamin, protein and fat, a sweet and sour scent, high digestibility and strong palatability, and can improve appetite, promote digestion and be fed all the year round. The method has strong applicability and convenient operation and can be used on milk cow and beef cattle farms of various scales.

Description

The ensiling technology that a kind of biology combines with chemicals

Affiliated technical field:

The present invention relates to the ensiling technology that a kind of biology combines with chemicals.

Background technology

Fast development along with milk cow, beef raising, demand to forage grass is increasing, quality is more and more higher, ensilage is the good feed of milk cow, beef cattle, there are many deficiencies in tradition ensiling technology, because well compacting, the air of surplus is too much in the stalk, cause aerobic bacteria to breed in a large number, make feed mouldy rotten; In getting the process of raising, air is invaded in the cellar for storing things, causes going mouldy of a new round etc., and traditional ensilage total losses amount is up to 30%, and owing to have musty in the feed, can have a strong impact on searching for food of milk cow; The biological ensiling technology that combines with chemicals has overcome the drawback of conventional art, has improved the yield rate and the quality of ensilage.

Summary of the invention

The present invention has overcome the drawback of traditional ensiling technology, has improved the yield rate of ensilage and the quality of ensilage, uses the straw feed of this technology ensiling, nutritive loss is few, generally be no more than 10%, the tender succulence of cauline leaf, nutrients such as digestible vitamin, protein, fat are abundant, the sour-sweet fragrance of smell, the digestibility height, good palatability can improve a poor appetite, promote digestion, can feed for the four seasons; This technology has very strong applicability, and is simple and easy to do, can be used for various scale milk cows, beef cattle plant.

Method of the present invention comprises the steps: that in good time harvesting, hand hay cutter weak point chop up, insert biology and chemicals compound, layer-by-layer distribution, airtight five links of compacting, make the feed that palatability is strong, digestibility is high, the nutritive value storage rate is high.

Said in good time harvesting is meant to be exactly to utilize agricultural crop straw (corn, Chinese sorghum, melon seedling, paddy rice, soya bean) ensiling, GPRS is gathered opportunity well, can influence grain-production too early, cross party and influence the ensiling quality, the ensiling raw material of gathering, can moisture be reduced to about 65% to 70% by mode such as tedding.

Said hand hay cutter weak point chop up be meant raw material transported to after, in time prescind with hay cutter, generally be cut into 1 to 2 centimetre, that cuts is short more, that can press during filling is more solid, helps getting rid of air wherein, shortens the time of microorganism aerobic activity in the ensilage.

The said preparation compound that inserts is meant in the ensiling raw material and inserts: 1, the biologic product dried bacterium that lives: add the dried bacterium that lives and handle stalk, can make enzymolysis such as lignin in the stalk, fiber, make the stalk softness, pH value descends, harmful bacterium activity is suppressed, sugar and organic acid content increase, thereby improve digestibility; Consumption is that stalk per ton adds dried bacterium 3 grams of living; Before the processing, the dried bacterium that earlier 3 grams lived is poured fully dissolving in 2 kg water into, places 1-2 hour down in normal temperature, is poured into then in the saline solution of 0.8%-1% to mix thoroughly, during little storage bacterium liquid evenly is sprayed onto on the stalk processing routinely later on; 2, chemicals salt, urea: add the greenfeed that salt is low for water content, quality is thick and stiff, cell liquid is difficult to ooze out, can promote that cell liquid oozes out, help lactobacillus-fermented, addition is the 0.3%-0.5% of ensilage weight; Add urea: be applicable to cereal crops such as silage corn, Chinese sorghum, can increase the gross protein value of greenfeed after the interpolation, suppress the growth of aerobic microbiological, amount of urea is generally the 0.3%-0.5% of ensilage weight during ensiling.

Said layer-by-layer distribution is exactly with through rubbing and spraying stalk behind the additive and in time pack in the cement kiln pond, takes the limit rubbing to spray the way of limit dress cellar for storing things limit compacting; When filling with substance, every 20～30cm that adorns will tread once, to annotate especially chapter tread horizental silo around and the corner, the air of storeroom is discharged, reduce the oxidation of stalk to greatest extent.

Said compacting is airtight just to be meant at when filling with substance, after the ensiling raw material is filled having peace of mind, also need continue to refill the edge 40～60cm that exceeds the cellar for storing things to raw material again, cause ponding in case take place after a couple of days, use the capping of monoblock plastic sheeting then, cover short wet wheat straw or the straw of the thick hand hay cutter of one deck 5～10cm more thereon, use 30～40cm soil compaction at last, and smooth the surface beating, prevent to leak, leak gas, depositing just can be feeding after 35-45 days.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment

Timely collecting ensiling raw material (corn, Chinese sorghum, melon seedling, paddy rice, soya bean), and suitably tedded 2 hours in the field, moisture is reduced to about 65% to 70%, after raw material is transported to ensiling ground, want in time blue or green corn stalk to be cut up with a hay cutter broken section that is cut into 1-2 centimetre with hay cutter, before ensiling begins, the dried bacterium that earlier 3 grams lived is poured fully dissolving in 2 kg water into, placed 1-2 hour down in normal temperature, be poured into then in the saline solution of 0.8%-1% and mix thoroughly, during little storage bacterium liquid evenly is sprayed onto on the stalk, handles routinely later on; The greenfeed low for water content, that quality is thick and stiff, cell liquid is difficult to ooze out can add salt and promote that cell liquid oozes out, and helps lactobacillus-fermented, and addition is the 0.3%-0.5% of ensilage weight; For cereal crops such as silage corn, Chinese sorghums, can insert the gross protein value that urea increases greenfeed, suppress the growth of aerobic microbiological, addition is the 0.3%-0.5% of ensilage weight.

With the hand hay cutter weak point chop up, insert preparation compound stalk and in time pack in the cement kiln pond, take that the limit hand hay cutter is short to chop up the way that while spraying dress is stored the limit compacting; When filling with substance, every dress 25cm will tread once, to annotate especially chapter tread horizental silo around and the corner, the air of storeroom is discharged, reduce the oxidation of stalk to greatest extent, when filling with substance, after the ensiling raw material is filled having peace of mind, also need continue again to refill the edge 50cm that exceeds the cellar for storing things to raw material, in case bin stock sinks and causes ponding, use the capping of monoblock plastic sheeting then, cover short wet wheat straw or the straw of the thick hand hay cutter of one deck 10cm more thereon, use the 35cm soil compaction at last, and pat the surface smooth, prevent to leak, leak gas, depositing just can be feeding after 40 days.

Claims

1, the ensiling technology that combines with chemicals of a kind of biology, it is characterized in that, method of the present invention comprises the steps: that in good time harvesting, hand hay cutter weak point chop up, insert biology and chemicals compound, layer-by-layer distribution, airtight five links of compacting, make the feed that palatability is strong, digestibility is high, the nutritive value storage rate is high.

2, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, said in good time harvesting is meant to be exactly to utilize agricultural crop straw (corn, Chinese sorghum, melon seedling, paddy rice, soya bean) ensiling, GPRS is gathered opportunity well, can influence grain-production too early, crossing party influences the ensiling quality, the ensiling raw material of gathering, can moisture be reduced to about 65% to 70% by mode such as tedding.

3, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, said hand hay cutter weak point chop up be meant raw material transported to after, in time prescind with hay cutter, generally be cut into 1 to 2 centimetre, that cuts is short more, and that can press during filling is more solid, help getting rid of air wherein, shorten the time of microorganism aerobic activity in the ensilage.

4, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, saidly insert biological being meant toward the ensiling raw material in and insert: 1, the biologic product dried bacterium that lives: add the dried bacterium processing stalk of living with the chemicals compound, can make enzymolysis such as lignin in the stalk, fiber, make the stalk softness, pH value descends, and harmful bacterium activity is suppressed, sugar and organic acid content increase, thereby improve digestibility; Consumption is that stalk per ton adds dried bacterium 3 grams of living; Before the processing, the dried bacterium that earlier 3 grams lived is poured fully dissolving in 2 kg water into, places 1-2 hour down in normal temperature, is poured into then in the saline solution of 0.8%-1% to mix thoroughly, during little storage bacterium liquid evenly is sprayed onto on the stalk processing routinely later on; 2, chemicals salt, urea: add the greenfeed that salt is low for water content, quality is thick and stiff, cell liquid is difficult to ooze out, can promote that cell liquid oozes out, help lactobacillus-fermented, addition is the 0.3%-0.5% of ensilage weight; Add urea: be applicable to cereal crops such as silage corn, Chinese sorghum, can increase the gross protein value of greenfeed after the interpolation, suppress the growth of aerobic microbiological, amount of urea is generally the 0.3%-0.5% of ensilage weight during ensiling.

5, method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said layer-by-layer distribution is exactly with through rubbing and spraying stalk behind the additive and in time pack in the cement kiln pond, takes the limit rubbing to spray the way of limit dress cellar for storing things limit compacting; When filling with substance, every 20～30cm that adorns will tread once, to annotate especially chapter tread horizental silo around and the corner, the air of storeroom is discharged, reduce the oxidation of stalk to greatest extent.

6, method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, said compacting is airtight just to be meant at when filling with substance, after the ensiling raw material is filled having peace of mind, also need continue to refill the edge 40～60cm that exceeds the cellar for storing things to raw material again, cause ponding in case take place after a couple of days, use the capping of monoblock plastic sheeting then, cover short wet wheat straw or the straw of the thick hand hay cutter of one deck 5～10cm more thereon, use 30～40cm soil compaction at last, and smooth the surface beating, prevent to leak, leak gas, depositing just can be feeding after 35-45 days.