CN104872386A - Production method of shelf-stable herbivorous animal total mixed ration - Google Patents
Production method of shelf-stable herbivorous animal total mixed ration Download PDFInfo
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- CN104872386A CN104872386A CN201510245026.7A CN201510245026A CN104872386A CN 104872386 A CN104872386 A CN 104872386A CN 201510245026 A CN201510245026 A CN 201510245026A CN 104872386 A CN104872386 A CN 104872386A
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a production method of a shelf-stable herbivorous animal total mixed ration (TMR). The production method is characterized in that a technological process comprises the following steps: preparing materials; cutting off; carrying out primary extrusion; planting food wastes; carrying out secondary extrusion; disinfecting; adding concentrates; stirring; briquetting; and packaging. According to the production method, pasture and developable and available crop straws, such as corn straws, sugarcane tails, fresh straws, peanut vines, vegetable leaves and japanese banana leaves, are used as forage; the forage is processed, and food wastes including pineapple peels, papaya peels, mango peels, apple peels, brewers dried grain and waste syrup of a sugar refinery and the like are planted in a processing process; and the concentrates with the proper ratio is prepared according to different production phases of animals, and the forage is compressed and packaged so that the forage is greatly concentrated, is convenient to transport and contains rich nutrients; and meanwhile, the green and juicy properties of grass are kept, and fine and coarse feeds are reasonably matched and are uniformly mixed, so that the feed is convenient for feeding and the technical advantages of the TMR are sufficiently expressed.
Description
Technical field
the invention belongs to field of animal feed, be specifically related to a kind of production method of plant-eating animal daily ration.
Background technology
china is a large agricultural country, and agricultural is the basis of national economy.State Council just pointed out as far back as 1996: the animal husbandry output value must be made to account for the general production value of agriculture more than 50%.Explicitly point out in the decision of Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's " about some significant problems of agricultural and rural work ", along with improving constantly of agricultural production and inhabitant's consumption level, in time animal husbandry to be put into more importantly position, develop actively pastoral industry, accelerate development animal husbandry in agricultural area, prominent development save-grain animal husbandry.Therefore, strengthen the utilization to sugarcane caudal lobe and agricultural crop straw, development grain-saving type, herbivorous stock raising are then the most practicable current Important Actions.In recent years, along with the enforcement of national strategy to develop western regions and " conceding the land to forestry and grass " engineering, agricultural structure adjusts further, and animal husbandry develops rapidly.The feed total output of China has reached 4,500 ten thousand tons, occupies second place of the world (first, the U.S., year forage yield is 14,000 ten thousand tons).The feed industry gross output value has reached 52,600,000,000 yuan, in whole national economy industrial trade, be raised to the 20th.But along with the development of aquaculture and feed industry, cause that feedstuff is in short supply, price rises, rely on the animal products sluggish market that feed grain is primary raw material; raiser makes the transition one after another; to scale cowboying, sheep raising development, be badly in need of low price, the Herbivore feed of comprehensive nutrition." 12 " period, Grass livestock industry is confirmed as resources advantage industry and carries out focus development.
Along with the paces that state reform is open, the development of animal husbandry have also been obtained long short development, the particularly development of grain type animal husbandry, reach and severally exhaled saturated state, it is wide in variety various that people forward nowadays pork, chicken, duck, egg product the age that never meat is eaten to, and price is steady, the present situation that ordinary people can afford to consume, people start the consumption having turned to Herbivore meat, have turned to the consumption of milk; Plant-eating animal meat product has the feature such as low-fat content, lower cholesterol content and is favourably welcome; The demand of dairy products is also growing, in recent years, the limit of international market to China's milk powder market purchase and discrimination time have report, this illustrates China market to the demand of high-quality dairy products as hungry.
Make a general survey of the current situation of Chinese plant-eating animal, the raising of China plant-eating animal mainly concentrates on the north, particularly the Northwest, but the phenomenon of overgraze, vegetation degeneration has appearred in these areas; Nowadays country encourages again south to develop, although the gross area of Grassland in south China is many, meadow is in flakes few, and form scale and herd cultivation and be difficult to, this is also so for many years, restricts one of factor of southern plant-eating animal development always.That is in south, plant-eating animal be developed, only have stable breeding! So stable breeding will have feed, and, be that the thick collocation of essence is rational, the feed of comprehensive nutrition.Southern climates is warm, sunny, rainfall is abundant, herbage growth is fast, herbage keep vigorous growth time long and output high, be of high nutritive value, and the crop stalk that can develop is also a lot, as corn stalk, sugarcane tail, fresh straw, peanut vine, leaf of Japanese banana etc., if can develop these resources, it is changed into the Herbivore meat product that people like to eat, to turn waste into wealth, contributes to contemporary times and brings benefits for future centuries.
People were never interrupted research in this respect in recent years, and following methods is applied:
1, become 5 ~ 10cm long forage guillotine cutting, then the nutritional need preparation fine fodder in production period according to Niu Butong, forage and fine fodder stir, and namely become TMR daily ration.But this can only be now with the current in cattle farm, cannot preserve.A set of equipment need be joined in each cattle farm, and can only promote in large-scale cattle farm should.
2, ensiling: after dark green forage harvesting, be cut into segment, pile into silage silo, abundant compacting; Or be pressed into bulk with hydraulic pressure, packed sealing.Advantage: greenfeed can be preserved, fills up cobalt blue pigment shortage in winter; Shortcoming: by the restriction of ensiling container, the limited amount that can do; Packed sack easily breaks, and causes mildew and rot; Again one be exactly forage harvesting time cost of labor high, again must after receipts.。Palpus ensiling at once, bears no delay, so be manually important restraining factors.
3, make green hay method: dry in time after green grass harvesting or be dried into green hay, the cobalt blue pigment shortage also can filling up winter, but relative to green grass and ensilage, the bioavailability of green hay is much lower, palatability is also as far apart as heaven and earth.The impact of drying by weather is very large, and the cost of drying fuel is very high again, and is difficult to implement mechanization production.
4, yellow storage, microbial method: similar with method 1, is all difficult to accomplish mechanization production.
How to make greenfeed have sufficient nutritional labeling, can ensure that again greenfeed can for shelf-stable, be the direction of current herding researcher research.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: utilize herbage and the crop stalk that can develop as forages such as corn stalk, sugarcane tail, fresh straw, peanut vine, vegetable leaf and leaf of Japanese banana, processing process is carried out to forage, and add some food wastes and feed fine fodder, make a kind of comprehensive nutrition, good palatability, holding time long, convenient transport, can the production method of total mixed feed of plant-eating animal for shelf-stable of mechanization production.
In order to realize object of the present invention, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The production method of the plant-eating animal total mixed feed of for shelf-stable, its technological process is: food wastes → secondary extrusion of getting the raw materials ready → cut off → once extrude → implant → fine fodder → stirring → briquetting → packaging of sterilizing → add; Specifically comprise the steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: gather in fresh herbage, or collect crop stalk, remove earth and Huang Ye, remove weeds, (preventing from being mixed into the inedible weeds of animal);
(2) cut off: use stalk cutting machine, forage guillotine cutting is become the segment of 3 ~ 10 centimeters long; Or be cut into shorter fragment according to different animals, as calf and lamb feed.
(3) once extrude: forage is carried out extrusion dehydration, makes the moisture of forage drop to 60%-70%;
(4) food wastes is implanted: in forage after extrusion, implant polytrophic food wastes;
(5) secondary extrusion: will the forage extrusion dehydration again of food wastes be implanted, and in the process of extruding, pass into hot blast carry out drying, make the moisture in forage be reduced within 50%;
(6) sterilize: after forage squeezes moisture, be pressed into thin slice, to carry out disinfection sterilization with ultraviolet pulse;
(7) add fine fodder: the production phase different according to animal, coordinate the fine fodder of proper proportion, be mixed with the TRM meeting Animal nutrition needs completely; Described fine fodder comprises wheat bran, corn, dregs of beans, rice bran, peanut cake, salt, mineral matter, trace element or vitamin, is prepared by the nutritionist of specialty.
(8) stir: the forage flattened is beaten pine, mixes with fine fodder;
(9) briquetting: the forage being mixed into fine fodder is pressed into bulk;
(10) pack; Adopt double casing mode to pack, obtain product.
Above-described crop stalk comprises corn stalk, sugarcane tail, fresh straw, peanut vine, vegetable leaf and leaf of Japanese banana.
Above-described food wastes comprise in pineapple peel, pawpaw skin, mangrove bark, apple skin, brewex's grains, vinasse and waste molasses of sugar plant one or more, food wastes before addition will be by fermentation, sweat is: get polytrophic food wastes, mix with bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomycete, sealed fermenting 10 days; Every 1000 kilograms of food wastes additions are 10-20 gram, and wherein bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomycetic bacterial classification part by weight are 1:1:1:1; Stand-by.
Above-described once extruding adopts screw extrusion dewaterer to carry out extrusion dehydration to forage, and the temperature of extruding is 35-50 DEG C, and the time is 2-5 minute.
The temperature of above-described secondary extrusion is 40-50 DEG C, and the time is 3-5 minute.
Double casing in above-described step (10) is that internal layer packaging adopts polyethylene film to carry out ordinary packing or vacuum packaging, and outer cover adds polypropylene woven bag.
compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the production method of the plant-eating animal TRM of for shelf-stable of the present invention through getting the raw materials ready, cut off, once extrude, implant, secondary extrusion, sterilize, add fine fodder, stirring, briquetting and dress bag processing step, eliminate the moisture of in forage 30 ~ 50%, dry concentrates 4 ~ 5 times, implant the food wastes such as pineapple peel, pawpaw, brewex's grains, vinasse and molasses simultaneously, the nutritional labeling of forage is improved, maintain the characteristic of dark green succulence, palatability is good, livestock eating, fast growth, immunity is strong.The polytrophic food byproduct of these fermentations is implanted again in the forage squeezing out portion of water, both the nutrition of forage had been added, solve environmental issue, again reduce the cost of ox feed, carry out " secondary extrusion " technique afterwards, decrease moisture, again reduce composition freight, save production cost.
2, the production phase that the present invention is different according to animal, allocate the fine fodder of proper proportion into, be mixed with the TRM meeting Animal nutrition needs completely.And this TRM, have greatly different from traditional TRM, this new TRM moisture is low, volume is little, can industrially scalableization produce, can also transport for long-distance, it is not problem that grass north, south is adjusted, can south kind grass (southern climates be more suitable for kind of a grass), northern cowboying (boreal climate is more suitable for cowboying); Make cowboying sheep raising can large-scale cultivation, complete stable breeding, even can mechanization feeding.
3, the present invention utilizes herbage and adopts the crop stalk that can develop if corn stalk, sugarcane tail, fresh straw, peanut vine, discarded vegetable leaf, leaf of Japanese banana etc. are as forage, resource is not only made to be fully used, and cost obtains reduction, and the nutriment that can need the production phase different according to animal allocates the fine fodder of proper proportion into, make essence, roughage mixes, improve the palatability of feed.
4, forage of the present invention is by raising poultry nutritive needs, with multiple forage and fine fodder raw material preparation, livestock and poultry needs to various nutriments such as energy, protein, mineral matters in growth and development process can be met, thus livestock and poultry normal growth can be made to grow, reach best culture benefit.
5, the forage energy suitability for industrialized production that the production method of the plant-eating animal TRM of for shelf-stable of the present invention is produced is utilized; promote the intensive large-scale development of plant-eating animal; make the plant-eating animals such as ox, horse, sheep, when not by not developing rapidly by when weather climatic effect season.
Detailed description of the invention
embodiment 1
A production method for the plant-eating animal TRM of for shelf-stable, specifically comprises the steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: the forage cut back from ground, forage is herbage and adopts the crop stalk that can develop as corn stalk, sugarcane tail, fresh straw, peanut vine, vegetable leaf and leaf of Japanese banana etc., removes earth and Huang Ye, removes weeds;
(2) cut off: use stalk cutting machine, forage guillotine cutting is become the segment of 3 ~ 6 centimeters long;
(3) once extrude: adopt screw extrusion dewaterer to carry out extrusion dehydration to forage, the temperature of extruding is 35-50 DEG C, and the time is 2-5 minute, removes the portion of water in forage, makes the moisture of forage drop to 60%-70%;
(4) food wastes is implanted: in forage after extrusion, implant mangrove bark; Mangrove bark mixes with bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomycete before implantation, sealed fermenting 10 days; Every 1000 kilograms of mangrove bark additions are 10-20 gram, and wherein bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomycetic bacterial classification part by weight are 1:1:1:1; Stand-by;
(5) secondary extrusion: the forage implanting mangrove bark is extruded with screw extrusion dewaterer again, the temperature of extruding is 40-50 DEG C, time is 3-5 minute, and passes into hot blast and carry out drying in the process of extruding, thus effectively makes the moisture in forage be reduced within 50%;
(6) sterilize: after forage squeezes moisture, be pressed into thin slice, to carry out disinfection sterilization with ultraviolet pulse, product is not easily gone mouldy;
(7) fine fodder is added: the fine fodder added: obtain forage after (6) step sterilization, slightly add fine fodder than for 3:7 by essence; Wherein said fine fodder is by 15% wheat bran, 50% corn; 30% dregs of beans; 0.2% salt; With 4% compound premix composition; Fine fodder proportioning can be prepared flexibly by nutritionist;
(8) stir: the forage flattened is beaten pine, mixes with fine fodder;
(9) briquetting: be pressed into bulk with hydraulic press;
(10) pack: carry out two-layer packaging by being pressed into the forage after block, internal layer packaging adopts polyethylene film to carry out ordinary packing, and outer cover adds polypropylene woven bag, is packed by product.
This embodiment concentrates forage, and what prepare is be applicable to give milk day the TRM of milking cow of 10 ~ 20 kilograms.
embodiment 2
A production method for the plant-eating animal TRM of for shelf-stable, specifically comprises the steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: the forage cut back from ground, forage is herbage and adopts the crop stalk that can develop as corn stalk, sugarcane tail, fresh straw, peanut vine, vegetable leaf and leaf of Japanese banana etc., removes earth and Huang Ye, removes weeds;
(2) cut off: use stalk cutting machine, forage guillotine cutting is become the segment of 3 ~ 6 centimeters long;
(3) once extrude: adopt screw extrusion dewaterer to carry out extrusion dehydration to forage, the temperature of extruding is 35-50 DEG C, and the time is 2-5 minute, removes the portion of water in forage, makes the moisture of forage drop to 60%-70%; ;
(4) food wastes is implanted: in forage after extrusion, implant pineapple peel, pawpaw skin and apple skin; Pineapple peel, pawpaw skin and apple skin mix with bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomycete before implantation, sealed fermenting 10 days; Every 1000 kilograms of mangrove bark additions are 10-20 gram, and wherein bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomycetic bacterial classification part by weight are 1:1:1:1; Stand-by;
(5) secondary extrusion: the forage implanting pineapple peel, pawpaw skin and apple skin is extruded with screw extrusion dewaterer again, the temperature of extruding is 40-50 DEG C, time is 3-5 minute, and pass into hot blast and carry out drying in the process of extruding, thus the moisture in forage is effectively made to be reduced within 50%;
(6) sterilize: after forage squeezes moisture, be pressed into thin slice, to carry out disinfection sterilization with ultraviolet pulse, product is not easily gone mouldy;
(7) fine fodder is added: the fine fodder added: what obtain forage after sterilizing with (6) step slightly adds fine fodder than for 4:6 by essence; Wherein said fine fodder is by 10% wheat bran, 60% corn; 25.7% dregs of beans; Sodium chloride 0.3%; 4% compound premix composition;
(8) stir: the forage flattened is beaten pine, mixes with fine fodder;
(9) briquetting: be pressed into bulk with hydraulic press;
(10) pack: carry out two-layer packaging by being pressed into the forage after block, internal layer packaging adopts polyethylene film to carry out vacuum packaging, and outer cover adds polypropylene woven bag, is packed by product.
This embodiment carries out dense c contracting to forage, and what prepare is be applicable to give milk day the TRM of milking cow of more than 20 kilograms.
embodiment 3
The production method of the plant-eating animal TRM of for shelf-stable, specifically comprises the steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: the forage cut back from ground, forage is herbage and adopts the crop stalk that can develop as corn stalk, sugarcane tail, fresh straw, peanut vine, vegetable leaf and leaf of Japanese banana etc., removes earth and Huang Ye, removes weeds;
(2) cut off: use stalk cutting machine, forage guillotine cutting is become the segment of 3 ~ 10 centimeters long;
(3) once extrude: adopt screw extrusion dewaterer to carry out extrusion dehydration to forage, the temperature of extruding is 35-50 DEG C, and the time is 2-5 minute, removes the portion of water in forage, makes the moisture of forage drop to 60%-70%;
(4) food wastes is implanted: in forage after extrusion, implant mangrove bark, brewex's grains; Mangrove bark and brewex's grains mix with bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomycete before implantation, sealed fermenting 10 days; Every 1000 kilograms of mangrove bark additions are 10-20 gram, and wherein bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomycetic bacterial classification part by weight are 1:1:1:1; Stand-by;
(5) secondary extrusion: the forage of implantation mangrove bark, brewex's grains is extruded with screw extrusion dewaterer again, the temperature of extruding is 40-50 DEG C, time is 3-5 minute, and pass into hot blast and carry out drying in the process of extruding, thus the moisture in forage is effectively made to be reduced within 50%;
(6) sterilize: after forage squeezes moisture, be pressed into thin slice, to carry out disinfection sterilization with ultraviolet pulse, product is not easily gone mouldy;
(7) fine fodder is added: the fine fodder added: what obtain forage after (6) step sterilization slightly adds fine fodder than 2:8 by essence; Wherein said fine fodder is by 20% wheat bran, 50% corn; 10% dregs of beans; The 16% dish dregs of rice; 4% compound premix composition;
(8) stir: the forage flattened is beaten pine, mixes with fine fodder;
(9) briquetting: be pressed into bulk with hydraulic press;
(10) pack: carry out two-layer packaging by being pressed into the forage after block, internal layer packaging employing polyethylene film carries out ordinary packing or vacuum packaging, outer cover adds polypropylene woven bag, is packed by product.
This embodiment concentrates forage, and what prepare is be applicable to give milk day the TRM of milking cow of 20 ~ 100 kilograms.
embodiment 4
The production method of the plant-eating animal TRM of for shelf-stable, specifically comprises the steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: the forage cut back from ground, forage is herbage and adopts the crop stalk that can develop as corn stalk, sugarcane tail, fresh straw, peanut vine, vegetable leaf and leaf of Japanese banana etc.;
(2) cut off: use stalk cutting machine, forage guillotine cutting is become the segment of 5 ~ 10 centimeters long;
(3) once extrude: adopt screw extrusion dewaterer to carry out extrusion dehydration to forage, the temperature of extruding is 35-50 DEG C, and the time is 2-5 minute, removes the portion of water in forage, makes the moisture of forage drop to 60%-70%;
(4) food wastes is implanted: in forage after extrusion, implant brewex's grains, waste molasses of sugar plant, apple skin and pineapple peel; Brewex's grains, waste molasses of sugar plant, apple skin and pineapple peel mix with bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomycete before implantation, sealed fermenting 10 days; Every 1000 kilograms of mangrove bark additions are 10-20 gram, and wherein bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomycetic bacterial classification part by weight are 1:1:1:1; Stand-by;
(5) secondary extrusion: the forage implanting brewex's grains, waste molasses of sugar plant, apple skin and pineapple peel is extruded with screw extrusion dewaterer again, the temperature of extruding is 40-50 DEG C, time is 3-5 minute, and pass into hot blast and carry out drying in the process of extruding, thus the moisture in forage is effectively made to be reduced within 50%;
(6) sterilize: after forage squeezes moisture, be pressed into thin slice, to carry out disinfection sterilization with ultraviolet pulse, product is not easily gone mouldy;
(7) fine fodder is added: the fine fodder added: obtain forage after (6) step sterilization and slightly add fine fodder than for 1:9 by essence; Wherein said fine fodder is by 20% wheat bran, 10% rice bran, 50% corn; The 6% dish dregs of rice; 10% peanut cake; 4% compound premix composition;
(8) stir: the forage flattened is beaten pine, mixes with fine fodder;
(9) briquetting: be pressed into bulk with hydraulic press;
(10) pack: carry out two-layer packaging by being pressed into the forage after block, internal layer packaging adopts polyethylene film to carry out ordinary packing, and outer cover adds polypropylene woven bag, is packed by product.
This embodiment concentrates forage, and what prepare is the TRM of the growth ox being applicable to 100 ~ 500 kilograms.
embodiment 5
A production method for the plant-eating animal TRM of for shelf-stable, specifically comprises the steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: the forage cut back from ground, forage is herbage and adopts the crop stalk that can develop as corn stalk, sugarcane tail, fresh straw, peanut vine, vegetable leaf and leaf of Japanese banana etc.;
(2) cut off: with stalk guillotine cutting r machine, forage guillotine cutting is become the segment of 3 ~ 6 centimeters long;
(3) once extrude: adopt screw extrusion dewaterer to carry out extrusion dehydration to forage, the temperature of extruding is 35-50 DEG C, and the time is 2-5 minute, removes the portion of water in forage, makes the moisture of forage drop to 60%-70%;
(4) food wastes is implanted: in forage after extrusion, implant pineapple peel, pawpaw skin and waste molasses of sugar plant; Pineapple peel, pawpaw skin and waste molasses of sugar plant mix with bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomycete before implantation, sealed fermenting 10 days; Every 1000 kilograms of mangrove bark additions are 10-20 gram, and wherein bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomycetic bacterial classification part by weight are 1:1:1:1; Stand-by;
(5) secondary extrusion: the forage implanting pineapple peel, pawpaw skin and waste molasses of sugar plant is extruded with screw extrusion dewaterer again, the temperature of extruding is 40-50 DEG C, time is 3-5 minute, and pass into hot blast and carry out drying in the process of extruding, thus the moisture in forage is effectively made to be reduced within 50%;
(6) sterilize: after forage squeezes moisture, be pressed into thin slice, to carry out disinfection sterilization with ultraviolet pulse, product is not easily gone mouldy;
(7) fine fodder is added: the fine fodder added: what obtain forage after (6) step sterilization slightly adds fine fodder than for 5:5 by essence; Wherein said fine fodder is by 20% wheat bran, 50% corn; The dish dregs of rice 10%; 6% dregs of beans; 10% peanut cake; 4% compound premix composition;
(8) stir: the forage flattened is beaten pine, mixes with fine fodder;
(9) briquetting: be pressed into bulk with hydraulic press;
(10) pack: carry out two-layer packaging by being pressed into the forage after block, internal layer packaging adopts polyethylene film to carry out ordinary packing, and 5 outer covers add polypropylene woven bag, are packed by product.
This embodiment concentrates forage, and what prepare is the TRM being applicable to 15-40 kilogram of sheep.
The plant-eating animal total mixed feed of for shelf-stable that above-described embodiment 1-5 obtains stores and all can reach more than 200 days, and not mouldy, never degenerate, cattle and sheep are liked eating, and gets fat fast.
Claims (7)
1. a production method for the plant-eating animal TRM of for shelf-stable, is characterized in that, its technological process is: food wastes → secondary extrusion of getting the raw materials ready → cut off → once extrude → implant → fine fodder → stirring → briquetting → packaging of sterilizing → add; Specifically comprise the steps:
(1) get the raw materials ready: gather in fresh herbage, or collect crop stalk, remove earth and Huang Ye, remove weeds;
(2) cut off: use stalk cutting machine, forage guillotine cutting is become the segment of 3 ~ 10 centimeters long;
(3) once extrude: forage is carried out extrusion dehydration, makes the moisture of forage drop to 60%-70%;
(4) food wastes is implanted: in forage after extrusion, implant polytrophic food wastes;
(5) secondary extrusion: will the forage extrusion dehydration again of food wastes be implanted, and in the process of extruding, pass into hot blast carry out drying, make the moisture in forage be reduced within 50%;
(6) sterilize: after forage squeezes moisture, be pressed into thin slice, to carry out disinfection sterilization with ultraviolet pulse;
(7) add fine fodder: the production phase different according to animal, coordinate the fine fodder of proper proportion, be mixed with the TRM meeting Animal nutrition needs completely;
(8) stir: the forage flattened is beaten pine, mixes with fine fodder;
(9) briquetting: the forage being mixed into fine fodder is pressed into bulk;
(10) pack; Adopt double casing mode to pack, obtain product.
2. the production method of the plant-eating animal TRM of for shelf-stable according to claim l, is characterized in that: described crop stalk comprises corn stalk, sugarcane tail, fresh straw, peanut vine, vegetable leaf and leaf of Japanese banana.
3. the production method of the plant-eating animal total mixed feed of for shelf-stable according to claim l, it is characterized in that: described food wastes comprise in pineapple peel, pawpaw skin, mangrove bark, apple skin, brewex's grains, vinasse and waste molasses of sugar plant one or more, food wastes before addition will be by fermentation, sweat is: get polytrophic food wastes, mix with bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomycete, sealed fermenting 10 days; Every 1000 kilograms of food wastes additions are 10-20 gram, and wherein bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis and saccharomycetic bacterial classification part by weight are 1:1:1:1; Stand-by.
4. the production method of the plant-eating animal TRM of for shelf-stable according to claim l, is characterized in that: described once extruding adopts screw extrusion dewaterer to carry out extrusion dehydration to forage, and the temperature of extruding is 35-50 DEG C, and the time is 2-5 minute.
5. the production method of the plant-eating animal TRM of for shelf-stable according to claim l, is characterized in that: the temperature of described secondary extrusion is 40-50 DEG C, and the time is 3-5 minute.
6. the plant-eating animal of for shelf-stable according to claim l mixes the production method of daily ration entirely, it is characterized in that: described fine fodder comprises wheat bran, corn, dregs of beans, rice bran, peanut cake, salt, mineral matter, trace element or vitamin, prepared by the nutritionist of specialty.
7. the production method of the plant-eating animal TRM of for shelf-stable according to claim l, it is characterized in that: the double casing in described step (10) is that internal layer packaging adopts polyethylene film to carry out ordinary packing or vacuum packaging, and outer cover adds polypropylene woven bag.
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