CN102204484A - Submerged plant propagating and culturing device and propagating and culturing method utilizing same - Google Patents
Submerged plant propagating and culturing device and propagating and culturing method utilizing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN102204484A CN102204484A CN 201110094090 CN201110094090A CN102204484A CN 102204484 A CN102204484 A CN 102204484A CN 201110094090 CN201110094090 CN 201110094090 CN 201110094090 A CN201110094090 A CN 201110094090A CN 102204484 A CN102204484 A CN 102204484A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a submerged plant propagating and culturing device which comprises a bearing support, a buoyancy support and a substrate layer, wherein the buoyancy support is ring-shaped and is arranged on the upper end surface of the bearing support, and the substrate layer is laid on the upper end surface of the bearing support and at least comprises a non-woven fabric layer used for fixing the root system of a submerged plant and a nylon mesh layer arranged below the non-woven fabric layer. The invention also discloses a method for propagating and culturing submerged plants. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages that a special device is utilized for changing the growing environment in different water depth conditions, and an appropriate growing condition is provided to speed up growth of the submerged plants so as to improve the propagation speed. The submerged plant propagating and culturing device and the method do not have quite high requirements on water depth, the thickness of soft bottom sediment and water flow stability; and the overall cost is low, the operation is simple and convenient, and the submerged plant propagating and culturing device and the propagating and culturing method are applicable to mass propagations.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of submerged plant breeding breeding arrangement, the invention still further relates to the method that submerged plant is cultivated in the use device breeding.
Background technology
Submerged plant (submergedplants) means that plant corpus all is positioned at below the water layer, the big shape water plants of battalion's set life.It is banded or thread that the leaf of this class plant mostly is, as black Trentepohlia (Hydrilla), Vallisneria (Vallisneria), fox-brush Trentepohlia (Myriophyllum), goldfish Trentepohlia (Ceratophyllum), potamogeton cristatus Regel et Maack (Potamogetoncrispus), stonewort (Ch-aracoronata) etc., usually anchored under water on the matrix by root, coring or thallus, its blade is also grown in the underwater.The undeveloped sometimes or degeneration of the root of submerged plant, the epidermal cell of plant corpus does not have cutin or wax coat, each several part all can directly absorb moisture and oxygen soluble in water and other nutriments, and aerenchyma is flourishing especially, helps lacking in water under the situation of air carrying out gas exchange.Have these characteristics and make submerged plant suitablely especially be applied to increasing suspensions such as organic matter in water body oxygen content, the adsorbed water body, absorb in the water body nitrogen phosphorus etc. and cause the composition of eutrophication, thereby realize water quality optimizing and water body purification.So submerged plant is very remarkable to water quality clarification and catharsis, the breeding submerged plant is used for the water ecological environment improvement crucial realistic meaning.
In recent years, serious day by day by water quality eutrophication due to many-sided reason and water pollution phenomenon, cause heavy water type water plants fewer and feweri at the amount of natural water, most rivers almost disappear.
At present, common submerged plant mating system has fork planting method, direct throwing method, parcel nonwoven method and container nursery planting method, and the fork planting method refers to generally make instrument with the bamboo pole or the rod of headband fork, during operation, the operating personnel lives the stem of plant by ship with the fork fork, in the fork entry.The scope of application: soft bed mud is more than 10 centimetres, 0.5 to 2.0 meter of the depth of water even darker water system.Directly throwing method submerged plant can directly be thrown in the water, is applicable to the hydrostatic body, is unwell to current water, and after some days, these plants can slowly sink under water naturally, takes root and sprouts sprouting, requires soft bed mud more than 10 centimetres.Parcel nonwoven method refers to that with nonwoven parcel planting soil and plant root, in the throwing entry, originally plant by the growth of the planting soil in the parcel, requires to be impounded body.The container nursery planting method refers to submerged plant plantation earlier in nutritive cube, plants after cultivating the plant of high shape.Above-mentioned these traditional mating systems are bigger to environmental condition dependences such as the depth of water, transparency, substrates, and the ability of storm resisting is more weak, and overall survival is low, are unfavorable for promoting.How effectively breeding is cultivated submerged plant and has been become very urgent.
For this reason, a lot of improved submerged plant breeding methods and isolated plant thereof are disclosed in the prior art, see that application number is open " method and apparatus of a kind of kind of planting submerged plant " (publication number is CN101444167A) of Chinese invention patent application of 200810226783.X, the planting unit of the disclosure, it is the cuboid can that becomes by the stainless steel and iron leather, the sidepiece of can is surrounded by four identical iron plates, the bottom is made up of four leg-of-mutton iron plates, every iron sheet is connected with four limits of bottom by folding, can be free movable, the drift angle of four triangle iron plates all has a round hole, and they can overlap the center of bottom, the top of can is by two iron staff interconnections, and infall is provided with a round hole, and the circle hole hangs an iron staff is arranged, iron rod is connected with a steel wire can be up and down, an aperture is arranged at the bottom of iron staff, can insert the iron pin, and four jiaos at the top of can is connected by four steel wires and connects together.With vertical the remaining in the device of the submerged vegetation of related bed mud, then by device make submerged vegetation still vertical be planted in new water bottom.Can make seed of submerged plant or plant avoids being subjected to current in planting process influence.But this device is only transplanted instrument as the plantation of a kind of submerged plant, and the submerged plant negligible amounts that at every turn can plant, simultaneously, all makes of stainless steel, and cost is higher, and submerged plant picks and places also inconvenient, has a lot of actual application problem.Referenced patent number is the Chinese invention patent " a kind of method of planting planting submerged plant in the lake " (Granted publication CN100502641C) of ZL200710020131.6 again, this method adopts following processing step: the pasture and water kind is selected, the seedbed device is made, and pasture and water are transplanted and the seedbed device management.This method can be used in the lake of deep water, but the phytal zone result of use is not very desirable just, and also needs comparatively trouble of piling in the manufacturing process of seedbed.Disclosed patent documentation can also be with reference to CN1356881A, CN201369957Y, CN201216084Y.
Summing up existing public technology ubiquity cultivates cost and cost of manufacture height, disposable cultivation negligible amounts, uses deficiencies such as being subjected to environmental limitations.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the submerged plant breeding breeding arrangement that provides a kind of cost of manufacture low, easy and simple to handle at the above-mentioned state of the art.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the prolific submerged plant breeding of performance of a kind of submerged plant breeding arrangement.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of cost of manufacture submerged plant breeding breeding method low, easy and simple to handle.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the prolific submerged plant breeding of performance of a kind of submerged plant breeding method.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of submerged plant breeding breeding method low, widely applicable to the production environment requirement.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: a kind of submerged plant breeding breeding arrangement is characterized in that comprising
Bearing frame;
The buoyancy frame, ringwise and be located at aforementioned bearing frame upper surface; And
Hypothallus is layed in aforesaid bearing frame upper surface, comprises for the nonwoven layer of submerged plant root system set at least and is located at nylon wire compartment below the nonwoven layer.
Described buoyancy frame is connected on the described bearing frame by a plurality of straight tubes of circumferential setting, and described hypothallus then is limited between the aforesaid straight tube, and, vertically offer at least three connecting holes that are connected and fixed usefulness for the buoyancy frame on each straight tube.According to the difference of the water level depth, can adjust the degree of depth of bearing frame by the connecting hole position of straight tube.
Be convenient to make, the consideration that reduces cost, described buoyancy frame adopts plastic tube, is filled with the foamed material of buoyancy in this plastic tube, and described bearing frame adopts stainless steel.
For further strengthening the stability of bearing frame, described bearing frame is provided with many reinforced pipes parallel to each other.
A kind of method of cultivating submerged plant of breeding is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1. submerged plant is bred the shallow water position that breeding arrangement is put into the depth of water 20～50mm, the submerged plant plant is cut into 50～80mm section joint, by every square metre of sowing quantity of the bright grass of 80～100 grams, uniform broadcasting is on hypothallus;
2. after planting 5～8 days, adjust the uniformity of sowing, and make the plants stems stalk contact nonwoven layer as far as possible, to promote the root of hair field planting;
3. after planting 15～20 days, submerged plant is bred the middle water level that breeding arrangement is adjusted to the depth of water 140～200mm;
4. after planting 30～35 days, submerged plant is bred the deep water position that breeding arrangement is adjusted to the depth of water 250～350mm, continue to cultivate after more than the plant average height 10cm and get final product.
For preventing the influence of high temperature high light to kind of careless vigor, the submerged plant plant uniform broadcasting of step described in 1. covers the sunshade net behind hypothallus.
As preferably, the submerged plant of step described in 1. is black algae, Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum or waterweed.
Be to guarantee the submerged plant normal growth, step 2., submerged plant bred 3. or 4. breeding arrangement and is adjusted to and sprays sterilization and disinfestation behind the shallow water position of 20～50mm and handle.
The most best, the shallow water position is depth of water 30mm, and middle water level is depth of water 150mm, and the deep water position is 300mm.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: utilize the growing environment of the special convertible different depth conditions of device, and suitable growth conditions is provided,, thereby improve reproduction speed with the growth of acceleration submerged plant.The depth of water, soft bed mud thickness, flow stability there is not extra high requirement; Whole cost is low, easy and simple to handle, uses when adapting to a large amount of the breeding.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a submerged plant breeding breeding arrangement structural representation among the embodiment.
Fig. 2 dwindles structural representation for carrier among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a straight tube structure for amplifying schematic diagram among Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Embodiment describes in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The method of submerged plant is cultivated in breeding, comprises the steps:
1. submerged plant is bred the shallow water position that breeding arrangement is put into the depth of water 20～50mm (with 30mm the best), the submerged plant plant is cut into 50～80mm section joint, every square metre of sowing quantity by the bright grass of 80～100 grams, uniform broadcasting is on hypothallus, prevent that kind of the grass from bubbling through the water column abovely, keep the water surface to stablize a hestening rooting field planting; Submerged plant selects each stipes all to have the root of triggering and the bud ability that comes into leaves, growth rate to be advisable faster, serves as preferred with black algae, Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum or waterweed.
2. after planting 5～8 days, adjust the uniformity of sowing, and make the plants stems stalk contact nonwoven layer as far as possible, to promote the root of hair field planting.
3. according to temperature, after planting 15～20 days, submerged plant is bred the middle water level that breeding arrangement is adjusted to the depth of water 140～200mm (with 150mm the best), further promote the elongation of plant tiller.
4. after planting 30～35 days, submerged plant is bred the deep water position that breeding arrangement is adjusted to the depth of water 250～350mm (with 300mm the best), continue to cultivate to getting final product after the careless felted plant population more than the plant average height 10cm.
During summer high temperature, the 1. middle submerged plant plant uniform broadcasting of step covers the sunshade net behind hypothallus, to reduce the high temperature high light to kind of the influence of careless plant vigor.When causing harm as a large amount of aquatic zooplanktons, step 2., submerged plant bred 3. or 4. breeding arrangement and is adjusted to and sprays sterilization and disinfestation behind the shallow water position of 20～50mm and handle.Concrete as when aquatic zooplankton or insect occurring and causing harm plant, can spray Avermectin and kill, too much at harmful algae and moss, can carry out prevention and control with chlorine dioxide and vigor rhzomorph.
The application of submerged plant grass felt: the submerged plant grass felt of breeding can bamboo let be fixed in the bottom of water bodys such as pond, riverbed and under water on the bank body, makes it be further developed into bigger group, forms ecological colony.
As shown in Figure 1, the submerged plant breeding breeding arrangement in the present embodiment comprises bearing frame 2, buoyancy frame 1 and hypothallus, and bearing frame 2 adopts stainless steel, and bearing frame 2 is provided with many reinforced pipes parallel to each other 21 (seeing shown in Figure 2).Buoyancy frame 1 adopts plastic tube, is filled with the foamed material of buoyancy in this plastic tube, and buoyancy frame 1 is located at bearing frame 2 upper surfaces ringwise; Hypothallus is layed in bearing frame 2 upper surfaces, comprises for the nonwoven layer 4 of submerged plant root system set and is located at nylon wire compartment 5 below the nonwoven layer 4, and nylon wire compartment 5 plays fixing and supporting role, and cost is lower.Nonwoven layer 4 adopts two-layer design in the present embodiment, can guarantee that set is stable, is beneficial to submerged plant mobile and that carrying is bred, and bearing frame 2 is specially 1500mm * 6000mm for rectangle designs.
Buoyancy frame 1 is connected on the bearing frame 2 by a plurality of straight tubes 6 of circumferential setting, is six in the present embodiment, and four near corner, the center on two long limits.After hypothallus is laid, be subjected to the spacing of six straight tubes 6 and can not move.Vertically offer three connecting holes that are connected and fixed usefulness for buoyancy frame 1 on each straight tube 6.As shown in Figure 3, wherein connecting hole 63 at be the shallow water position, connecting hole 62 at be middle water level, connecting hole 61 at be the deep water position, bottom outlet 64 is used for fixing bearing frame 2, when needing to regulate water level in the application process, can realize as long as bearing frame 2 is connected to respective connecting, convenient and swift, and whole device is to be in floating state all the time.The particular location of each connecting hole can be adjusted setting according to the degree of depth of shallow water position, middle water level and deep water position in the practical application.
Claims (9)
1. a submerged plant breeding breeding arrangement is characterized in that comprising
Bearing frame;
The buoyancy frame, ringwise and be located at aforementioned bearing frame upper surface; And
Hypothallus is layed in aforesaid bearing frame upper surface, comprises for the nonwoven layer of submerged plant root system set at least and is located at nylon wire compartment below the nonwoven layer.
2. submerged plant breeding breeding arrangement according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described buoyancy frame is connected on the described bearing frame by a plurality of straight tubes of circumferential setting, described hypothallus then is limited between the aforesaid straight tube, and, vertically offer at least three connecting holes that are connected and fixed usefulness for the buoyancy frame on each straight tube.
3. submerged plant breeding breeding arrangement according to claim 1 is characterized in that described buoyancy frame adopts plastic tube, is filled with the foamed material of buoyancy in this plastic tube, and described bearing frame adopts stainless steel.
4. submerged plant breeding breeding arrangement according to claim 1 is characterized in that described bearing frame is provided with many reinforced pipes parallel to each other.
5. a method of utilizing any described device breeding of claim 1～4 to cultivate submerged plant is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1. submerged plant is bred the shallow water position that breeding arrangement is put into the depth of water 20～50mm, the submerged plant plant is cut into 50～80mm section joint, by every square metre of sowing quantity of the bright grass of 80～100 grams, uniform broadcasting is on hypothallus;
2. after planting 5～8 days, adjust the uniformity of sowing, and make the plants stems stalk contact nonwoven layer as far as possible, to promote the root of hair field planting;
3. after planting 15～20 days, submerged plant is bred the middle water level that breeding arrangement is adjusted to the depth of water 140～200mm;
4. after planting 30～35 days, submerged plant is bred the deep water position that breeding arrangement is adjusted to the depth of water 250～350mm, continue to cultivate after more than the plant average height 10cm and get final product.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that the submerged plant plant uniform broadcasting described in step 1. covers the sunshade net behind hypothallus.
7. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that the submerged plant described in step 1. is black algae, Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum or waterweed.
8. method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that step 2., submerged plant bred 3. or 4. and sprays sterilization after breeding arrangement is adjusted to the shallow water position of 20～50mm.
9. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that described shallow water position is depth of water 30mm, and middle water level is depth of water 150mm, and the deep water position is 300mm.
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| CN102630551A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2012-08-15 | 宁波大学 | Device and method for temporary culture of kelp seedlings in sea area |
| CN102668967A (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2012-09-19 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Adjustable deep sea algae aquaculture floating bed |
| CN102730838A (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2012-10-17 | 南京大学 | Method for reestablishing river submerged plant group |
| CN103299929A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-18 | 浙江海洋学院 | Floating splicable fish reef coating structure |
| CN103636428A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-19 | 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Submerged plant growth bag and manufacturing and application method thereof |
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| CN106430606A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-02-22 | 重庆大方生态环境治理股份有限公司 | Suspension-type submerged plant soilless ecological bed |
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| CN109392653A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-03-01 | 御园景观集团有限公司 | The heavy aqueous matrix and preparation method and growing and cultivation method of a kind of water plant |
| CN109699474A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-05-03 | 温州大学 | An a kind of turn heavy water implantation methods of swimming for roundleaf mexicana |
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| CN102630551A (en) * | 2012-03-26 | 2012-08-15 | 宁波大学 | Device and method for temporary culture of kelp seedlings in sea area |
| CN102668967A (en) * | 2012-05-04 | 2012-09-19 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Adjustable deep sea algae aquaculture floating bed |
| CN102730838A (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2012-10-17 | 南京大学 | Method for reestablishing river submerged plant group |
| CN103299929A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-18 | 浙江海洋学院 | Floating splicable fish reef coating structure |
| CN103299929B (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2015-07-22 | 浙江海洋学院 | Floating splicable fish reef coating structure |
| CN103636428A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-19 | 中国水电顾问集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Submerged plant growth bag and manufacturing and application method thereof |
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| CN104221759B (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2017-08-29 | 微山县特种水产养殖试验场 | Controllable pasture and water activity plantation frame |
| CN104221759A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-24 | 杨成胜 | Controllable and movable aquatic plant plating shelf |
| CN105265211A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2016-01-27 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | Submerged plant artificial turf cultivation system and cultivation transplanting method |
| CN105265211B (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2017-11-21 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | A kind of submerged plant artificial grass culture system and cultivation method for transplanting |
| CN105293707B (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2019-03-12 | 北京江石水环境生态修复技术院有限责任公司 | A kind of method of efficient rapid build submerged vegetation |
| CN105293707A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2016-02-03 | 北京江石水环境生态修复技术院有限责任公司 | Method for efficiently and fast constructing submerged vegetation |
| CN105815208A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-08-03 | 温州市洞头区水产科学技术研究所 | Culture medium cloth strip structure capable of improving seedling attaching rate of sargassum fusiforme and component thereof |
| CN105815208B (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2019-09-03 | 温州市洞头区水产科学技术研究所 | A kind of culture medium cloth structure and component can be improved sargassum fusifome spatfall rate |
| CN105613241A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-06-01 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Construction method for plant suspension mountain |
| CN106430606A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-02-22 | 重庆大方生态环境治理股份有限公司 | Suspension-type submerged plant soilless ecological bed |
| CN106576818A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-04-26 | 梁华 | Lotus root planting method |
| CN107278870A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-10-24 | 江西省水利科学研究院 | A kind of preparation method of submerged plant module |
| CN109392653A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-03-01 | 御园景观集团有限公司 | The heavy aqueous matrix and preparation method and growing and cultivation method of a kind of water plant |
| CN109699474A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-05-03 | 温州大学 | An a kind of turn heavy water implantation methods of swimming for roundleaf mexicana |
| CN113287486A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-08-24 | 苏州市农业科学院 | Self-floating crop blanket and preparation method thereof |
| CN114766293A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-07-22 | 广州市水务科学研究所(挂广州市二次供水技术咨询服务中心牌子) | Blanket type submerged plant cultivation and planting method |
| CN115211358A (en) * | 2022-08-13 | 2022-10-21 | 海南大学 | Rapid cultivation method for seaweed in pond |
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