CN102160535A

CN102160535A - Centipede large-scale breeding technology

Info

Publication number: CN102160535A
Application number: CN2011100618250A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 鞠芳
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-03-15
Filing date: 2011-03-15
Publication date: 2011-08-24

Abstract

The invention discloses a centipede large-scale breeding technology and belongs to the field of breeding of special animals. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: in the breeding environments, the soil for centipede breeding needs to be loose and damp and have good heat-insulating and moisture-insulating properties; a layer of ginkgo leaves are put on the surface layer of the breeding soil; centipede is a typical carnivorous animal eating various living insects such as crickets, locusts, yellow meal worms, dragonflies, cockroaches, flies, bees and pupae and eggs thereof, as well as spiders, earthworms, snails, geckoes, snakes, frogs, birds and mice; and centipede can eat young leaves and buds of plants if necessary. The invention has the beneficial effects that the large-scale breeding of centipedes is achieved, the breeding speed is increased, the breeding stability is improved, the interference from external environments is eliminated and the input-to-output ratio is increased; the ginkgo leaves are adopted as the breeding ground for centipedes to achieve the purpose of keeping warm in winter and cooling in summer; the ginkgo leaves contain a variety of pharmaceutically-active components which can enhance the pharmaceutical effect of centipedes; the ginkgo leaves have an antimicrobial activity and can control diseases in centipedes during breeding so as to ensure the centipedes to be healthier.

Description

Centipede large-scale cultivation technology

Technical field

The invention belongs to the cultural method of special animals, relate in particular to a kind of centipede large-scale cultivation technology.

Background technology

Centipede is a day dragon, white pin, pine caterpillars, centipede again, and thousand-legger etc. have more than 20 kinds such as reddish tone, blue or green head, golden head, are two precious class traditional Chinese medicines, and are very in short supply at present.Centipede is used as medicine and cures mainly diseases such as pathogenic wind-toxic sore is swollen, extravesated blood gathers, and has timid wind, relieving convulsion, anticancer, detoxifcation, effect such as antitumor, anticonvulsion, and higher economic value and medical value are arranged.Because the happiness of fear heat is cold, the main procreation area of centipede is to the north of the tropic of cancer, and its adaptability is strong, propagates artificially easily.Centipede is liked hiding by day and coming out at night in branch wood, excessive luan clitter, uncultivated dark and damp cogongrass ground and Da Shi inferior shelter life, pierces after late fall overhead and survives the winter in 10～13 centimetres of dark soil, just comes into play after the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) in next year.The centipede of China's artificial feeding mostly is the few sour jujube centipede of green head, and its growth is fast, and fertility is higher, and an adult can hatch more than 100 of young centipede every year.Centipede is a carnivore, the various insects of happiness food, as locust, cricket, cicada, grasshopper, dragonfly Yan, spider, worm moth etc., feed should be based on fowl, beastly meat, as loach, swamp eel, earthworm, snail, bat, muroid, gecko, lizard, snake class, fly maggot, termite, ground beetle etc., and the remaining pin waste material of other animal food, little assorted etc. as chicken blood, assorted bone, intestines tripe, fowl hair, fishes and shrimps.The also towering like a mountain peak sometimes melon and fruit of centipede, carrot, watermelon peel and plant browse.

The value of centipede is more and more higher, and the breed scale requires just more and more higher, and requirement is not satisfied in common raising scattered.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is an existing weak point in the above-mentioned prior art, and a kind of centipede large-scale cultivation technology is provided, thereby improves the breed success rate of centipede.

The technical scheme feature that technical solution problem of the present invention is adopted is:

1, feeding environment: feeding soil is the place of centipede perch, life, breeding, also is " wind sheltering lane " that centipede escapes various unfavorable factors, thereby extremely important to centipede.Centipede is essential loose, moist to the soil property of feeding soil, and to be incubated, performance of keeping humidity is good.So the soil that feeding soil is preferably comparatively loose, clay is not as feeding soil.At the top layer of feeding soil layer overlay ginkgo leaf, effect has: 1, as the hotbed of centipede, cool in summer and warm in winter.Be taped against following insulation in winter, preserve moisture summer; 2, contain multiple medicinal component, increase the centipede property of medicine, can extract the effective medicinal ingredient of kind more than 160 in the ginkgo leaf.Wherein, flavonoids is 35 kinds; 17 seed amino acids and various trace elements.Can stimulate circulation, the prevention cardiovascular disease, ginkgo biloba extract is the concentrated granular shape, have very strong removing free radical and antioxidation, the synthetic collagen composition of yellow glucoside, amino acid and amino acid in the ginkgo leaf is improved looks to human body, suppress the melanin growth, keep skin gloss and elasticity to play no small effect.In addition,, the chronic schizophrenia based on negative symptoms (as social withdrawal, sluggishness, poverty of thought, symptom such as dull) there is remarkable result, cerebellar atrophy (senile dementia) is also had certain effect according to modern clinical research; 3, antibiotic; effective prevent disease in the centipede breeding process; contain abundant flavonoids in the ginkgo leaf; flavonoids has oxidation resistant effect; the protection health avoids free radical and unsettled molecule destroys; free radical and unsettled molecule can destroy bodily tissue and healthy cell, make centipede liable to illness.The reason of free-radical generating may come from the sudden change, disease of gene, aging or environmental pollution or the like, the formation of polyphenoils mass-energy prevention free radical, and make centipede more healthy.

2, selected feed: centipede is typical flesh-eater, like various live body insects, pupa and ovum as cricket, locust, yellow mealworm, dragonfly, cockroach and fly class, honeybee class and these insects, also eat spider, earthworm, snail and gecko, snake, the frog, bird, mouse etc., also eat a spot of young leaf of plant, tender shoots when hungry.Centipede generally fed once every 2--3 days, and feed once every day active stage, do not need to throw in food and water between the incubation period.Feeding time is between the 19:00--20:00 of every day, and must remove remaining food morning next day behind the feeding.Centipede is thrown something and fed feed can be with reference to following prescription: 1. various insects animals 70%, mellow soil beans 20%, particle, green vegetables or bread fragment 10%; 2. the muddy flesh 70% of various brutish classes or other animal, fish meal or dried silkworm chrysalis meal 20%, green vegetables fragment 10%.In the hopper of feeding, place the little butterfly dish that fills clear water every day, drink for centipede.

3, raise the density of centipede: centipede likes gregarious, raises the density of centipede, should distinguish to some extent according to the thickness of solar term, worm type, sandy soil and the height difference of temperature.Temperature is low, when sandy soil are thicker, stocking density can be higher, otherwise, the temperature height, when sandy soil approached, it is rarer that density is wanted.Every square metre of the young centipede that leaves the delivery room is cultured about 1000 and is advisable, and polypide length is about 700 of 5 centimetres breed, 7-10 centimetre culture about 500, and 12-13 centimetre culture about 400 cultured about 300 more than 15 centimetres and is advisable.

4, the feeding and management of young centipede.In time separate with female centipede or kind centipede group, each system has grown complete when young centipede, similar substantially on the profile to the adult centipede, the rice white of body colour during by just broken egg membrane becomes when yolk yellow, they possessed catch food, seek drinking-water, the instinct of aspects such as escape harmful animal, can leave parent and live on one's own life, in time young centipede is branched away.The young centipede that has just left parent is placed in the less container (as plastic basin, glass jar etc.) to be cultured.The about 0.5 meter plastic wash-basin of each diameter can put 2 in a suitable place to breed---the young centipede that 3 nests are born simultaneously.Size is hived off, preferably put into a few nest centipedes in the length of time and to raise with the pond, must not culture being assigned randomly in each pond without reason with a brood of centipede, because phase mutual interference and cannibalisation that we observe between centipede often betide between the not brood centipede, and brood interior take place less.The feed of initial stage children centipede is better with yolk and milk, and yolk directly is invested on the plastic plate after stirring into rotten shape, and milk then needs earlier water-soluble, and is saturated with little sponge suction again, then little sponge placed on the plastic plate, and change once every day.Pay special attention to clean plastic plate and sponge, when finding that sponge sends putrefactive odor, should change.After the two weeks, should reduce yolk, milk hello amount gradually, other bait such as earthworm of feeding simultaneously.Can put in a suitable place to breed more than 4000 for every square metre, later on along with casting off a skin of centipede grown up, the corresponding reduction of its density, after 5 centimeter length (finish for the third time and cast off a skin), density reduces to 2500---and 3000/square metre.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: realized the large-scale cultivation of centipede, reproduction speed is fast, and breeding is stable, is not subjected to external environmental interference, and output is than high.Ginkgo leaf is as the hotbed of centipede, and is cool in summer and warm in winter.Simultaneously ginkgo leaf contains multiple medicinal component, increases the centipede property of medicine, and ginkgo leaf can also be antibiotic, can prevent disease in centipede is cultured, and make centipede more healthy.

Embodiment

According to embodiment the present invention further is illustrated below:

Embodiment:

At first build and culture the pond, culture the pond and will build the place that back of the body sun ventilates, the air draft condition is good and more dark and damp, secluded in.Can build in indoorly, also can build in outdoor.Culture the pond and be built into materials such as brick or stones, cement plaster, be advisable at 80 centimetres deeply in the pond, paste with smooth harmless plastic film around the inwall of pond, or in Chi Kou edge one circle glass and pool wall are rectangular eaves, width is advisable at 15 centimetres, prevents that centipede from fleeing.Can spread the weeds trees in the pond, and stack confession centipedes such as some stones, tile and perch.Make feeding soil, feeding soil is the place of centipede perch, life, breeding, also is " wind sheltering lane " that centipede escapes various unfavorable factors, thereby extremely important to centipede.Centipede is essential loose, moist to the soil property of feeding soil, and to be incubated, performance of keeping humidity is good.So the soil that feeding soil is preferably comparatively loose, clay had better not be used as feeding soil.At the top layer of feeding soil layer overlay ginkgo leaf, effect has: 1, as the hotbed of centipede, cool in summer and warm in winter.Be taped against following insulation in winter, preserve moisture summer; 2, contain multiple medicinal component; increase the centipede property of medicine; though ginkgo leaf can stimulate circulation; the prevention cardiovascular disease, 3, antibiotic, prevent disease in the centipede breeding process; contain abundant flavonoids in the ginkgo leaf; flavonoids has oxidation resistant effect, and the protection health avoids free radical and unsettled molecule destroys, and makes centipede more healthy.

Secondly feeding and management stage by stage, the feeding and management of young centipede, the young centipede that has just left parent is placed in the less container (as plastic basin, glass jar etc.) to be cultured.The about 0.5 meter plastic wash-basin of each diameter can put 2 in a suitable place to breed---the young centipede that 3 nests are born simultaneously.Size is hived off, preferably put into a few nest centipedes in the length of time and to raise with the pond, must not culture being assigned randomly in each pond without reason with a brood of centipede, because phase mutual interference and cannibalisation that we observe between centipede often betide between the not brood centipede, and brood interior take place less.The feed of initial stage children centipede is better with yolk and milk, and yolk directly is invested on the plastic plate after stirring into rotten shape, and milk then needs earlier water-soluble, and is saturated with little sponge suction again, then little sponge placed on the plastic plate, and change once every day.Pay special attention to clean plastic plate and sponge, when finding that sponge sends putrefactive odor, should change.After the two weeks, should reduce yolk, milk hello amount gradually, other bait such as earthworm of feeding simultaneously.Can put in a suitable place to breed more than 4000 for every square metre, later on along with casting off a skin of centipede grown up, the corresponding reduction of its density, after 5 centimeter length (finish for the third time and cast off a skin), density reduces to 2500---and 3000/square metre.Plant the feeding and management of centipede, centipede laid eggs twice in general 1 year, laid eggs about 40-60 piece at every turn, and the back centipede that lays eggs embraces hatching in the bosom with ovum.Hatch and went out shell in about 20 days, just can leave parent after 45 days and live on one's own life.Temperature, the humidity that should keep quite and suit between the incubation period, general temperature should be controlled between 25～32 ℃, and humidity should be controlled between the 50%--70%.Timely collecting with reserve seed for planting, when centipede grew into for the 5th age, most centipedes had all reached the long standard of body of medicinal centipede and have all entered sexual maturing period.Preferably whole raising pond is once comprehensively cleared up, all centipedes are all cleared, be put in several containers, select the centipede that individuality is loose, health is strong, body surface is bright in colour, energy is strong, and 1: 4 female-male proportion chosen hero, female centipede as kind of a usefulness, remaining centipede can be used as commodity and gathers, and carries out processing such as preliminary working.

The extermination of disease and insect pest: the natural enemy of centipede is a lot, toad, batrachia, muroid, night flight or navigation birds, some reptiles, ant class etc. are arranged, but propagating artificially under the situation of indoor culture especially, have only muroid, ant class can constitute directly and threaten, and other classes just can constitute certain threat when outdoor breeding.The female centipede that is in the hatching is the main attack object of ant, and the female centipede of this moment is usually because of half hibernation-like state that is in the flue. want scrutiny to raise in house or the pond whether existing ant is invaded usually, invade, then should eliminate immediately in case find ant.Disease prevention and cure 1, green muscardine fungus disease: be mainly in mid-June to by the end of August because climatic variation, the temperature height, high humidity, make centipede be subjected to green muscardine fungus infection and this disease.Infected centipede mainly the black fleck occurs in early days on the skin in joint, body surface tarnishes then, finally becomes thin dead because of food refusal.Methods of treatment is: female 0.6 gram of giving birth to of food, and terramycin 0.25 gram, chloramphenicol 0.25 gram is pulverize altogether, mixes thoroughly with 400 gram feeds and feeds sick centipede, up to recovering.2, enterogastritis: centipede is many to suffer from this disease period at overcast and rainy low humidity after autumn.The early stage centipede head of falling ill is aubergine, and malicious hook is opened entirely, does not eat or few food, and it is dead after 5-7 days to fall ill.Methods of treatment is: with mixing thoroughly with feed 300 grams behind the sulfanilamide (SN) sheet 0.5 gram porphyrize, in addition with chloramphenicol 0.25 restrain, feed 300 restrains and mixes thoroughly, the next day feeding that staggers.3, shelling is sick: because the centipede habitat is too moist, fungi is caused at the body parasitism.The initial stage performance is uneasy, creeps back and forth, and the later stage performance is unable, slow in action, does not finally drink death because of not eating.Methods of treatment is: terramycin 0.25 gram, and female 0.6 gram of giving birth to of food, calcium tablet 1 gram, pulverization is mixed thoroughly with 400 gram feeds altogether, connects to feed and can fully recover in 10 days.

Claims

1. centipede large-scale cultivation technology, the technical scheme feature of employing is: the feeding environment requirement, the soil property of raising centipede is essential loose, moist, and to be incubated, performance of keeping humidity is good, at the top layer of feeding soil layer overlay ginkgo leaf.Effect has: 1,, cool in summer and warm in winter as the hotbed of centipede, be taped against following insulation in winter, and preserve moisture summer; 2, contain multiple medicinal component, increase the centipede property of medicine, can extract the effective medicinal ingredient of kind more than 160 in the ginkgo leaf, wherein, 35 kinds of flavonoidss; 17 seed amino acids and various trace elements, can stimulate circulation, the prevention cardiovascular disease, ginkgo biloba extract is the concentrated granular shape, have very strong removing free radical and antioxidation, yellow glucoside in the ginkgo leaf, the synthetic collagen composition of amino acid and amino acid is improved looks to human body, suppress the melanin growth, keep skin gloss and elasticity to play no small effect, in addition, according to modern clinical research, to based on negative symptoms (as social withdrawal, sluggishness, poverty of thought, symptom such as dull) chronic schizophrenia has remarkable result, and cerebellar atrophy (senile dementia) is also had certain effect; 3, antibiotic; effective prevent disease in the centipede breeding process; contain abundant flavonoids in the ginkgo leaf, flavonoids has oxidation resistant effect, and the protection health avoids free radical and unsettled molecule destroys; free radical and unsettled molecule can destroy bodily tissue and healthy cell; make centipede liable to illness, the reason of free-radical generating may come from the sudden change, disease of gene, aging or environmental pollution or the like; the formation of polyphenoils mass-energy prevention free radical, and make centipede more healthy.

2. centipede large-scale cultivation technology according to claim 1, feature is selected feed: centipede is typical flesh-eater, with various live body insects, as cricket, locust, yellow mealworm, dragonfly, cockroach and fly class, pupa of honeybee class and these insects and ovum are fed, also can feed spider, earthworm, snail and gecko, snake, the frog, bird, mouse etc., centipede generally fed once every 2--3 days, feed once every day active stage, do not need to throw in food and water between the incubation period, feeding time is between the 19:00--20:00 of every day, must remove remaining food morning next day behind the feeding, centipede is thrown something and fed feed can be with reference to following prescription: 1. various insects animals 70%, mellow soil beans 20%, particle, green vegetables or bread fragment 10%; 2. the muddy flesh 70% of various brutish classes or other animal, fish meal or dried silkworm chrysalis meal 20%, green vegetables fragment 10% is placed the little butterfly dish that fills clear water every day in the hopper of feeding, drink for centipede.

3. centipede large-scale cultivation technology according to claim 1; feature is the density of raising centipede: centipede likes gregarious; raise the density of centipede; should be according to solar term; the worm type; the height difference of the thickness of sandy soil and temperature is distinguished to some extent; temperature is low; when sandy soil are thicker; stocking density can be higher; otherwise the temperature height is when sandy soil approach; it is rarer that density is wanted; every square metre of the young centipede that leaves the delivery room is cultured about 1000 and is advisable, and polypide length is about 700 of 5 centimetres breed, 7-10 centimetre culture about 500; 12-13 centimetre culture about 400 cultured about 300 more than 15 centimetres and is advisable.

4. centipede large-scale cultivation technology according to claim 1; feature is the feeding and management of young centipede; in time separate with female centipede or kind centipede group; the young centipede that has just left parent is placed on less container such as plastic basin; culture in the glass jar etc.; the about 0.5 meter plastic wash-basin of each diameter can put 2 in a suitable place to breed---the young centipede that 3 nests are born simultaneously; size is hived off; preferably put into a few nest centipedes in the length of time and to raise with the pond; must not culture being assigned randomly in each pond without reason with a brood of centipede; the feed of initial stage children centipede is better with yolk and milk; yolk directly is invested on the plastic plate after stirring into rotten shape; milk then needs earlier water-soluble; inhale saturated with little sponge again; then little sponge is placed on the plastic plate; change once every day; after the two weeks; should reduce yolk gradually; milk is fed amount; other bait such as earthworm of feeding simultaneously; can put in a suitable place to breed more than 4000 for every square metre; later on along with casting off a skin of centipede grown up; the corresponding reduction of its density, to 5 centimeter length finish cast off a skin for the third time after, density reduces to 2500---3000/square metre.