CN102105416A - 氧化铬氧化铝耐火材料 - Google Patents
氧化铬氧化铝耐火材料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102105416A CN102105416A CN2009801290367A CN200980129036A CN102105416A CN 102105416 A CN102105416 A CN 102105416A CN 2009801290367 A CN2009801290367 A CN 2009801290367A CN 200980129036 A CN200980129036 A CN 200980129036A CN 102105416 A CN102105416 A CN 102105416A
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 142
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- RHBRWKIPYGZNMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Cr+3] Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Cr+3] RHBRWKIPYGZNMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 19
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 9
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FZFYOUJTOSBFPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dipotassium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+].[K+] FZFYOUJTOSBFPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019357 lignosulphonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供一种氧化铬氧化铝耐火材料,包含大约35%至95%重量百分比的氧化铬-氧化铝熔粒,该氧化铬-氧化铝熔粒具有氧化铬(Cr2O3)含量至少50%重量百分比,其是由化学分析量测;大约1%至35%重量百分比的细颗粒氧化铬(Cr2O3);以及大约5%至50%重量百分比的含氧化铬烧结颗粒,该含氧化铬烧结颗粒具有氧化铬含量至少50%重量百分比,其是由化学分析量测。
Description
技术领域
本发明是有关于耐火材料,特别是一种含氧化铬的耐火材料。
背景技术
含氧化铬的耐火材料,例如氧化铬氧化铝砖状物,具有许多优点以用于煤气化熔、都市垃圾焚化熔及其它应用,其中抵抗侵入及流动熔渣是重要的。一些氧化铬氧化铝耐火材料包含颜料级氧化铬及氧化铬氧化铝熔粒。颜料级氧化铬及氧化铬氧化铝熔粒一般是混合,压成形状例如砖状物,然后烘制。根据经验事实,含有高氧化铬含量的氧化铬氧化铝耐火材料,当其于室温与操作温度量测时具有相对低强度。含氧化铬耐火材料的强度是随着氧化铬含量于耐火材料中增加而降低。在此观点中,在含有氧化铬成分超过80%重量百分比(由化学分析量测)的含氧化铬耐火材料强度的减低特别的显著。此种低强度的主要理由之一在于高含量氧化铬熔粒与粉状颜料级氧化铬之间缺乏黏附。
此外,氧化铬氧化铝耐火材料易于在工作期间侵入(渗透)熔渣。渗透区域可改变及受制于热剥落。因此,较令人期待的情况是增加氧化铬氧化铝耐火材的强度以及降低这些耐火材料的渗透率以防止熔渣侵入。
许多的努力已经完成来提升这些制品的强度以及降低渗透率。为了增强氧化铬氧化铝熔粒与颜料级氧化铬之间的黏附强度而提高一般的烘制温度,其将因为铬蒸发而无法提升制品,其发生于温度超过正常烘制温度。调整这些成分的各自的组成部分的颗粒大小分布(其理论上可以降低渗透率)是困难的,因为颜料级氧化铬仅在少数大小上是商业可适用的。再者,加压氧化铬氧化铝耐火材料成分至非常高的密度以助于提升物理性质,而高氧化铬含量的耐火材料对于高形成压力的情况下产生断裂(此现象称为“压力断裂”)是非常敏感的。
因此,本发明提供一含氧化铬耐火材料,其具有比此处所提的公知技术中的含氧化铬耐火材料更佳的强度、更低的渗透率以及对于熔渣侵入(渗透)更高的抵抗能力。
发明内容
根据本发明的一较佳实施例,其提供一耐火材料成份以形成一含氧化铬砖状物(块),其包含大约35%至95%重量百分比的含氧化铬熔粒,具有氧化铬含量至少50%重量百分比,是由化学分析量测;大约1%至35%重量百分比的细粉状氧化铬;以及大约5%至50%重量百分比的含氧化铬烧结颗粒,其具有氧化铬含量至少50%重量百分比,是由化学分析量测。
根据本发明的另一观点,其提供一氧化铬-氧化铝耐火材料,其包含:大约35%至95%重量百分比的氧化铬-氧化铝熔粒,该氧化铬-氧化铝熔粒具有氧化铬(Cr2O3)含量至少50%重量百分比,是由化学分析量测;大约1%至35%重量百分比的细粉状氧化铬(Cr2O3);以及大约5%至50%重量百分比的含氧化铬烧结颗粒,该含氧化铬烧结颗粒具有氧化铬含量至少50%重量百分比,是由化学分析量测。
根据本发明的又一观点,其提供一耐火材料成分,包含至少50%重量百分比氧化铬(Cr2O3),是由化学分析量测。此耐火材料成分包括含氧化铬熔粒、粉状铬氧化物及含氧化铬烧结颗粒。此含氧化铬熔粒及该含氧化铬烧结颗粒包含氧化铬含量至少50%重量百分比,是由化学分析量测。
根据本发明的再一观点,其提供一耐火材料成分,包括大约1%至35%重量百分比的细粉状铬氧化物;以及一混合物,包含氧化铬烧结颗粒及氧化铬熔粒。此混合物具有达至50%重量百分比该氧化铬烧结颗粒,其中氧化铬烧结颗粒及氧化铬熔粒包含氧化铬(Cr2O3)含量至少50%重量百分比,是由化学分析量测。
根据本发明的再一观点,其提供一耐火砖的制作方法,其包含底下步骤:提供一大小分级批量的熔化氧化铬-氧化铝,其包括一包含(-4+10)泰勒筛粒子的粗颗粒部分、一包含(-10+28)泰勒筛粒子的中等颗粒部分以及一包含(-28)泰勒筛粒子的细颗粒部分;加入一细颗粒铬氧化物至该批量,使得细颗粒部分的百分的10至100包含该细颗粒氧化铬;加入烧结氧化铬-氧化铝至该批量,使得大约5%至50%的该氧化铬-氧化铝成分包含该烧结氧化铬-氧化铝;加入一粘合剂至该批量,以得到一成型的混合物;加压该混合物以形成一似砖形体;以及烘干及烘制该似砖形体以形成该耐火砖。
本发明的优点在于含氧化铬耐火材料具有提升的高温强度。
本发明的另一优点在于含氧化铬耐火材料具有低渗透率。
本发明的再一优点在于含氧化铬耐火材料具有提升的熔渣渗透的抵抗能力。
本发明的又一优点在于一氧化铬-氧化铝耐火材料。
本发明的进一步优点在于如上所述的含氧化铬耐火材料包含含氧化铬烧结颗粒。
从以下的较佳实施例的叙述及随后的权利要求将使得上述这些及其它优点成为显而易见。
具体实施方法
本发明是有关于一种耐火材料氧化铬基成分,特别是一种氧化铬基耐火材料成分,含有氧化铬(Cr2O3)成分至少50%重量百分比(由化学分析来量测)。在一较佳实施例中,氧化铬基耐火材料成分包括含氧化铬熔粒、含氧化铬烧结颗粒以及颜料级氧化铬。本文中所使用,术语“熔粒”(fused grain)指的是一种制品,其取得是由加热一初始材料至其熔融状态,然后让该材料固化。本文中所使用,术语“烧结颗粒”(sintered grain)指的是一种制品,其取得是由加压一粉状或其它结块方法以形成集料(aggregate),并且加热该集料而无需熔化它以形成黏合物质(coherent mass)。术语“氧化铬”(chromium oxide)、“氧化铬”(chromic oxide)以及“氧化铬”(chromia)意谓铬的氧化物,是由化学式Cr2O3而取得。术语“细粉状铬氧化物”(finely powdered chromic oxide)及“细粒氧化铬”(fine grain chromic oxide)指的是细颗粒氧化铬,其具有Cr2O3成分至少85%(由化学分析来量测),以及颗粒大小是小于325泰勒筛(mesh Tyler)。
根据本发明的耐火材料包括一种含粗级颗粒及细级颗粒的粒子大小分布。细级颗粒定义耐火材料的基质(matrix),而粗级颗粒定义耐火材料的非常密实、低孔隙度部分。
耐火材料的粗级部分包括含氧化铬熔粒,也可能包括含氧化铬烧结颗粒。耐火材料的细级部分包括细粉状铬氧化物及含氧化铬烧结颗粒,也可能包括细的含氧化铬熔粒。
另一种方式表示,根据本发明的耐火材料一般系包括由含氧化铬熔粒形成的粗微粒,也可能包括含氧化铬烧结的粗微粒,及细颗粒的基质包括细颗粒氧化铬(Cr2O3)及含氧化铬烧结颗粒的细微粒。细微粒也可能包括含氧化铬熔粒的细微粒。
耐火材料也可以考虑包括中等大小的熔粒及烧结颗粒以利于颗粒的密集填充。
根据本发明,耐火材料包括大约35%至95%重量百分比的含氧化铬熔粒,其具有氧化铬含量至少50%重量百分比(由化学分析量测),大约1%至35%重量百分比的细颗粒氧化铬,及大约5%至50%重量百分比的含氧化铬烧结颗粒,其具有氧化铬含量至少50%重量百分比(由化学分析量测)。
根据本发明的耐火材料发现许多优点以使用于形成砖状物(块),而使用于液态熔渣环境。为了形成致密砖块,形成耐火材料的粗部分的含氧化铬熔粒最好具有不同粒径(粒子大小),其为4泰勒筛或更细。含氧化铬烧结颗粒也具有粒子为4泰勒筛或更细。细颗粒氧化铬最佳为颜料级氧化铬具有粒子大小小于325泰勒筛。
本文中所使用,术语“含氧化铬颗粒”(chromia-containing grain)是指耐火材料颗粒,主要包括氧化铬(Cr2O3)及氧化铝(Cr2O3),典型地是指氧化铬-氧化铝颗粒。耐火材料颗粒的至少50%重量百分比包括氧化铬(Cr2O3),由化学分析来量测。更佳的是,本发明的含氧化铬颗粒具有氧化铬(Cr2O3)含量大约75%至约95%重量百分比,由化学分析来量测。
含氧化铬颗粒与此处所述的耐火材料成分可以考虑包括其它耐火材料,例如包含但不限定于氧化镁(MgO)、二氧化硅(SiO2)、二氧化钛(TiO2)、三氧化二铁(Fe2O3)、氧化锆(ZrO2)、氧化钙(CaO)、氧化锰(MnO)、五氧化二钒(V2O5)、氧化钠(Na2O)、氧化钾(K2O)及五氧化二磷(P2O5),但其在数量少很多。
耐火砖的制造方法包括形成一大小分级分批(批量)的熔化的氧化铬-氧化铝,其包括一包含(-4+10)泰勒筛粒子的粗颗粒部分、一包含(-10+28)泰勒筛粒子的中等颗粒部分以及一包含(-28)泰勒筛粒子的细颗粒部分。细粉状铬氧化物加入至批量。较佳的是,细颗粒部分的百分的10至100包含细颗粒氧化铬。烧结氧化铬-氧化铝加入至批量,使得大约5%至50%的氧化铬-氧化铝成分包含烧结氧化铬-氧化铝。粘合剂加入至批量,并且批量混合以得到一成型的混合物。此混合物利用传统已知的技术加压入一似砖形体。此似砖形体烘干及烘制以形成砖块。
本发明接下来连同底下的例子进一步叙述,这些例子的提出仅用于说明的用。这些例子中所提到的所有筛大小是参考相关的泰勒目筛标准(Tyler Screen Standards)。举例而言,图例“-4+10筛”意谓粒子大小是小于4泰勒筛而大于10泰勒筛,图例“-28筛”意谓粒子大小是小于28泰勒筛。
一系列的4个砖块批次是由表1中的混合物于相同的成型压力及烘制温度情况下所制成。然后,这些砖块进行体密度、视孔隙度、视比重及断裂模数的测试。结果也陈述于表1中。
表1显示增量的效果,其中包含大约95%的氧化铬(Cr2O3)及大约5%氧化铝(Al2O3)的熔粒由烧结颗粒的类似成分取代。当氧化铬-氧化铝熔粒由烧结氧化铬-氧化铝颗粒取代,将产生渐增的室温断裂模数及孔隙度。
二个砖块批次是由表2中的混合物于相同的成型压力及烘制温度情况下所制成。然后,这些砖块进行体密度、孔隙度、比重、室温断裂模数、渗透率及熔渣渗透的测试。结果也陈述于表2中。
表2显示效果,其中包含大约95%的氧化铬(Cr2O3)及大约5%氧化铝(Al2O3)的20%熔粒由烧结颗粒的类似成分取代。加入烧结颗粒导致室温断裂模数从1690增加至3240psi。同时,渗透率(于centidarcies量测)从42.3降低至11.0。此外,在温度3000℉的煤气熔渣测试中,区域渗透随着烧结颗粒的加入而从15.2%降低至10.1%。降低渗透量是重要的,因为在工作中渗透区域受制于热冲击或“层裂”(spalling),其将降低耐火材料的使用的工作生命期。
表1
例子(编号) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
Mix: | ||||
CA-95熔粒 | ||||
-4+10筛 | 23% | 23% | 23% | 18.75% |
-10+28筛 | 19 | 19 | 14.5 | -- |
-28筛 | 33 | 14.25 | -- | -- |
CA-95烧结颗粒 | ||||
-4+10筛 | -- | -- | -- | 4.25 |
-10+28筛 | -- | -- | 2.5 | 17 |
-28筛 | -- | 18.75 | 35 | 35 |
颜料级氧化铬 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
外加物: | ||||
木质素磺酸盐 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
水 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 2.3 |
加压压力,psi | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 |
燃烧温度,℉ | 2630 | 2630 | 2630 | 2630 |
体密度,pcf | 265 | 259 | 252 | 243 |
视孔隙度,% | 17.4 | 19.1 | 21.0 | 23.6 |
视比重 | 5.15 | 5.13 | 5.12 | 5.10 |
室温断裂模数,psi | 1380 | 3030 | 3160 | 3660 |
计算化学(煅烧基础) | ||||
氧化硅(SiO2) | 0.32% | 0.53% | 0.75% | 0.97% |
三氧化二铝(Al2O3) | 3.46 | 2.67 | 1.88 | 1.09 |
二氧化钛(TiO2) | 0.02 | 0.34 | 0.65 | 0.96 |
三氧化二铁(Fe2O3) | 0.16 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.14 |
氧化铬(Cr2O3) | 95.77 | 95.94 | 96.12 | 96.29 |
氧化钙(CaO) | 0.13 | 0.16 | 0.18 | 0.21 |
氧化镁(MgO) | <0.01 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.1 |
氧化锰(MnO) | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.02 |
氧化钠(Na2O) | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.14 |
氧化钾(K2O) | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.07 |
五氧化二磷(P2O5) | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.02 |
总合 | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.01% |
表2
例子(编号) | 5 | 6 |
Mix: | ||
CA-95熔粒 | ||
-4+10筛 | 29% | 29% |
-10+28筛 | 21 | 11 |
-28筛 | 26 | 15 |
CA-95烧结颗粒 | ||
-14筛 | -- | 20 |
颜料级氧化铬 | 20 | 21 |
管状氧化铝,-325筛 | 4 | 4 |
外加物: | ||
木质素磺酸盐 | 2.1 | |
葡聚糖 | 1.1 | |
水 | 0.92 | 1.1 |
烘制温度,℉ | 2630 | 2630 |
体密度,pcf | 263 | 258 |
视孔隙度,% | 16.4 | 16.5 |
视比重 | 5.05 | 5.01 |
室温断裂模数,psi | 1690 | 3240 |
渗透率,centidarcies | 42.3 | 11.0 |
气化熔渣测试3000℉,用感应熔进行5小时 | ||
%区域渗透 | 15.2 | 10.1 |
计算化学(煅烧基础) | ||
氧化硅(SiO2) | 0.32% | 0.55% |
三氧化二铝(Al2O3) | 7.49 | 6.6 |
二氧化钛(TiO2) | 0.02 | 0.36 |
三氧化二铁(Fe2O3) | 0.16 | 0.15 |
氧化铬(Cr2O3) | 91.81 | 91.98 |
氧化钙(CaO) | 0.04 | 0.15 |
氧化镁(MgO) | <0.1 | 0.04 |
氧化锰(MnO) | 0.06 | 0.05 |
氧化钠(Na2O) | 0.02 | 0.07 |
氧化钾(K2O) | 0.02 | 0.04 |
五氧化二磷(P2O5) | 0.05 | 0.04 |
总合 | 99.99% | 100.03% |
虽然不能完全理解,然而可以猜想烧结氧化铬-氧化铝颗粒存在于组成成分中并基于氧化铬-氧化铝熔粒及颜料级氧化铬将产生较佳的黏附。烧结氧化铬-氧化铝颗粒比其熔粒具有较高的表面面积及视孔隙度。举例而言,含95%的氧化铬(Cr2O3)的烧结氧化铬-氧化铝颗粒的计算的孔隙度大约为15至21%,其中含95%的氧化铬(Cr2O3)的氧化铬-氧化铝熔粒的计算的孔隙度大约为4至6%。较高的孔隙度及较粗的表面的烧结颗粒可以提供一种手段用于细颗粒氧化铬粒子,其构成耐火材料的基质以较佳黏附至如此颗粒。此无预期地提高了烧结,也导致较低的渗透率。
对熟悉此领域技术人员,本发明虽以较佳实例阐明如上,然其并非用以限定本发明的精神。在不脱离本发明的精神与范围内所作的修改与类似的配置,均应包含在权利要求内,此范围应覆盖所有类似修改与类似结构,且应做最宽广的诠释。
Claims (18)
1.一种耐火材料成分用于形成一铬砖,其特征在于包含:
大约35%至95%重量百分比的含氧化铬熔粒,具有氧化铬含量至少50%重量百分比,是由化学分析量测;
大约1%至35%重量百分比的细颗粒氧化铬;以及
大约5%至50%重量百分比的含氧化铬烧结颗粒,其具有氧化铬含量至少50%重量百分比,是由化学分析量测。
2.如权利要求1所述的耐火材料成分用于形成一铬砖,其特征在于该含氧化铬熔粒及该含氧化铬烧结颗粒主要包括氧化铬-氧化铝颗粒。
3.如权利要求1所述的耐火材料成分用于形成一铬砖,其特征在于该耐火材料成分包括至少50%重量百分比氧化铬,是由化学分析来量测。
4.如权利要求1所述的耐火材料成分用于形成一铬砖,其特征在于该含氧化铬熔粒具有粒子大小范围为4泰勒筛或更细。
5.如权利要求1所述的耐火材料成分用于形成一铬砖,其特征在于该含氧化铬烧结颗粒具有一粒子大小范围,其中至少80%的烧结颗粒具有粒子大小为小于10泰勒筛。
6.一种氧化铬-氧化铝耐火材料,其特征在于包含:
大约35%至95%重量百分比的氧化铬-氧化铝熔粒,该氧化铬-氧化铝熔粒具有氧化铬(Cr2O3)含量至少50%重量百分比,是由化学分析量测;
大约1%至35%重量百分比的细颗粒氧化铬(Cr2O3);以及
大约5%至50%重量百分比的含氧化铬烧结颗粒,该含氧化铬烧结颗粒具有氧化铬含量至少50%重量百分比,是由化学分析量测。
7.如权利要求6所述的氧化铬-氧化铝耐火材料,其特征在于该氧化铬-氧化铝耐火材料具有氧化铬成分至少75%重量百分比,是由化学分析来量测。
8.如权利要求6所述的氧化铬-氧化铝耐火材料,其特征在于该氧化铬-氧化铝耐火材料具有氧化铬成分至少90%重量百分比,是由化学分析来量测。
9.如权利要求7或8所述的氧化铬-氧化铝耐火材料,其特征在于该氧化铬-氧化铝熔粒包含具有大小为4泰勒筛或更细的粒子,以及该含氧化铬烧结颗粒包含粒子为4泰勒筛或更细。
10.一种耐火材料成分,包含至少50%重量百分比氧化铬(Cr2O3),是由化学分析量测,其特征在于该耐火材料成分包括含氧化铬熔粒、细粉状铬氧化物及含氧化铬烧结颗粒,该含氧化铬熔粒及该含氧化铬烧结颗粒包含氧化铬含量至少50%重量百分比,是由化学分析量测。
11.如权利要求10所述的耐火材料成分,其特征在于该耐火材料成分包含至少75%重量百分比氧化铬(Cr2O3),是由化学分析来量测。
12.如权利要求10所述的耐火材料成分,其特征在于该耐火材料成分包含至少90%重量百分比氧化铬(Cr2O3),是由化学分析来量测。
13.如权利要求10所述的耐火材料成分,其特征在于该含氧化铬熔粒及该含氧化铬烧结颗粒主要包括氧化铬-氧化铝颗粒。
14.如权利要求13所述的耐火材料成分,其特征在于该氧化铬-氧化铝熔粒包括该耐火材料的大约35%至95%重量百分比,及该氧化铬-氧化铝烧结颗粒包括该耐火材料的大约5%至50%重量百分比。
15.如权利要求14所述的耐火材料成分,其特征在于该细颗粒氧化铬包括该耐火材料的大约1%至35%重量百分比。
16.如权利要求15所述的耐火材料成分,其特征在于该氧化铬-氧化铝烧结颗粒包含具有大小为小于4泰勒筛的粒子,其中80%的该粒子大小为小于10泰勒筛。
17.一种耐火材料成分,其特征在于包含:
大约1%至35%重量百分比的细粉状铬氧化物;以及
一混合物,包含氧化铬烧结颗粒及氧化铬熔粒,该混合物具有达至50%重量百分比该氧化铬烧结颗粒,其中该氧化铬烧结颗粒及该氧化铬熔粒包含氧化铬(Cr2O3)含量至少50%重量百分比,是由化学分析量测。
18.一种耐火砖的制作方法,其特征在于包含:
提供一大小分级批量的熔化氧化铬-氧化铝,其包括一包含-4+10泰勒筛粒子的粗颗粒部分、一包含-10+28泰勒筛粒子的中等颗粒部分以及一包含-28泰勒筛粒子的细颗粒部分;
加入一细颗粒铬氧化物至该批量,使得细颗粒部分的百分的10至100包含该细颗粒氧化铬;
加入烧结氧化铬-氧化铝至该批量,使得大约5%至50%的该氧化铬-氧化铝成分包含该烧结氧化铬-氧化铝;
加入一粘合剂至该批量,以得到一成型的混合物;
加压该混合物以形成一似砖形体;以及
烘干及烘制该似砖形体以形成该耐火砖。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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US12/177,249 | 2008-07-22 | ||
US12/177,249 US7754633B2 (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2008-07-22 | Chromia-alumina refractory |
PCT/US2009/050380 WO2010011516A2 (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2009-07-13 | Chromia-alumina refractory |
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CN102105416A true CN102105416A (zh) | 2011-06-22 |
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US (1) | US7754633B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2303795A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2011529019A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101283756B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102105416A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2010011516A2 (zh) |
Cited By (4)
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TWI657067B (zh) * | 2016-02-05 | 2019-04-21 | 美商聖高拜陶器塑膠公司 | 氧化鉻耐火物件及其形成方法 |
CN113213901A (zh) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏长城窑炉工程有限公司 | 一种碱炉用高铬砂捣打料 |
CN115043660A (zh) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-09-13 | 瑞泰科技股份有限公司 | 一种熔铸高铬耐火砖 |
CN115368121A (zh) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-11-22 | 中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院有限公司 | 一种均质高成品率骨料型致密铬制品的制备方法 |
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FR2944522B1 (fr) * | 2009-04-15 | 2011-09-30 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Produit fritte a base d'oxyde de chrome. |
US9061930B2 (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2015-06-23 | Saint-Gobain Centre De Recherches Et D'etudes Europeen | Chromium oxide refractory material |
FR2971504A1 (fr) | 2011-02-15 | 2012-08-17 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Produit d'oxyde de chrome dope |
CN102417361B (zh) * | 2011-09-16 | 2013-07-03 | 中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院有限公司 | 一种非均质结构的Cr2O3-Al2O3耐火材料 |
CN108911721B (zh) * | 2018-08-31 | 2021-07-16 | 广州市石基耐火材料厂 | 骨料型氧化铬耐火材料及其制备方法 |
CN116120042A (zh) * | 2023-01-19 | 2023-05-16 | 河北国亮新材料股份有限公司 | 一种耐火材料基质紧密堆积的方法及耐火材料 |
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TWI657067B (zh) * | 2016-02-05 | 2019-04-21 | 美商聖高拜陶器塑膠公司 | 氧化鉻耐火物件及其形成方法 |
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CN113213901A (zh) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏长城窑炉工程有限公司 | 一种碱炉用高铬砂捣打料 |
CN115043660A (zh) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-09-13 | 瑞泰科技股份有限公司 | 一种熔铸高铬耐火砖 |
CN115368121A (zh) * | 2022-08-09 | 2022-11-22 | 中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院有限公司 | 一种均质高成品率骨料型致密铬制品的制备方法 |
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JP2011529019A (ja) | 2011-12-01 |
US7754633B2 (en) | 2010-07-13 |
WO2010011516A2 (en) | 2010-01-28 |
KR101283756B1 (ko) | 2013-07-08 |
US20100019419A1 (en) | 2010-01-28 |
EP2303795A2 (en) | 2011-04-06 |
KR20110028364A (ko) | 2011-03-17 |
WO2010011516A3 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
EP2303795A4 (en) | 2013-04-17 |
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