CN102007845A - Application of top-grafting and head-exchanging grafting method to cultivation of ligustrum japonicum 'howardii' - Google Patents
Application of top-grafting and head-exchanging grafting method to cultivation of ligustrum japonicum 'howardii' Download PDFInfo
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- CN102007845A CN102007845A CN 201010513088 CN201010513088A CN102007845A CN 102007845 A CN102007845 A CN 102007845A CN 201010513088 CN201010513088 CN 201010513088 CN 201010513088 A CN201010513088 A CN 201010513088A CN 102007845 A CN102007845 A CN 102007845A
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Abstract
The invention discloses the novel application of a top-grafting and head-exchanging method to nursery stock cultivation and particularly relates to a method for culturing the ligustrum japonicum 'howardii' by using the top-grafting and head-exchanging method. The method uses the privet as a stock and the ligustrum japonicum 'howardii' as a scion, and comprises the following steps of: cutting a trunk of a privet plant at the position which is 160 to 180 cm above the ground, performing top grafting and head exchange by using grafting technology, performing directional breeding and crown shaping for 1 to 2 years and obtaining ligustrum japonicum 'howardii' seedlings of which the leaves of the whole crowns are golden yellow in winter and early spring and which have elegant shapes and a high appreciation value. The succeed rate is more than 95 percent. The application of the technology provides a good, evergreen and ornamental tree variety of which the leaf colors change along the seasons for the region in the north of Yangtze valley, particularly the northern part of Jiangsu and the coastal cities of Shandong, changes the condition that most of the evergreen trees in winter in the region are privets and the condition that the evergreen tree variety is single, and has a popularization value and a considerable market prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the cultivating seedlings technical field and relate to the new application of grafting high and changing head grafting method in cultivating seedlings, specifically relate to the application of grafting high and changing head grafting method in cultivating gold leaf privet.
Background technology
The another name Ha Wadi of gold leaf privet glossy privet, golden gloomy glossy privet, formal name used at school Ligustrum japonicum ' Howardii ' is an Oleaceae Ligustrum plant variety, is the mutation of privet (Ligustrum japonicum Thumb.).It is golden yellow that its tender leaf is, the thick and tool keratin of leaf, bright gloss, especially in the fall with early spring branch middle and upper part blade be golden yellow, ornamental performance is better than yellow color leaf kinds such as Ligustrum X vicaryi, gold leaf melon seeds Chinese littleleaf box, resistance is good simultaneously, it sees leaf, sight is spent, seen really to be worth and has concurrently, and DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT is arranged very much.At present, the breeding method of widely used gold leaf privet is a cottage propagation, the nursery stock of cultivating is undershrub, on the market gold leaf privet commercial seedling mostly be height between 20 ~ 50cm, major branch has trichotomous seedling, mainly as hedge plant and color matching plant.Method with grafting high and changing head and crown cultivation is cultivated gold leaf privet, makes gold leaf privet arborization, does not also report in this field at present.By this method can cultivate whole tree crown in the winter time with early spring the leaf look about 3m, can make the gold leaf privet finished product seedling of street tree for golden yellow, tree-like grace, ornamental value height, the height of tree.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to the new application of grafting high and changing head grafting method in cultivating seedlings, specifically the application in cultivating gold leaf privet.
Purpose of the present invention realizes by following technical scheme:
The present invention makes stock with ligustrum lucidum ait, and gold leaf privet does scion, utilizes the method for grafting high and changing head grafting, and ligustrum lucidum ait is cultivated into gold leaf privet.In 2 ~ 3 years, cultivate about high 3m, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground more than 5cm, crown grace, ornamental value height, can be directly used in the gold leaf privet finished product seedling of Greening Urban Road.And success rate reaches more than 95%.
The method of cultivating gold leaf privet with the grafting high and changing head grafting method is as follows:
1, the preparation before the grafting: the preparation of (1) scion: the collection scion will see at first whether maternal growing way is vigorous, whether the growth of fringe bar is healthy and strong, whether internode is well-balanced, whether leaf bud is full, comes definite ripe branch of life in to two year of gathering as scion.Before the grafting scion is cut into one section that 5 ~ 8cm grows, also will guarantees to have in each scion 4 buds simultaneously, can guarantee like this has 2 ~ 3 buds after the grafting success.More then can suitably cut length longer as scion, so that cutting during grafting.Scion is required to preserve as true the need with cutting with connecing in principle, then will carry out fresh-keeping processings of preserving moisture, influence the survival rate of grafting in case scion dehydration of long duration is dried up; For guaranteeing whether fresh survival of scion, can observe whether have juice flow out, have then this scion to use if cutting mouth, otherwise unavailable during grafting.(2) preparation of stock: make stock with ligustrum lucidum ait, when selecting stock, should consider: robust growth, no damage by disease and insect; Trunk is perfectly straight, the trunk height will reach more than the 160cm; Generally select for use the ligustrum lucidum ait of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 4 ~ 6cm to do stock.Certain big stock of specification, nutrient accumulation is many, the graft survival rate height, the grafting growth is more conducive to rapid shaping rapidly.(3) preparation of colligation material and instrument: for guaranteeing the success rate of grafting, prevent exposing to the sun and rain of docking port, impel scion and stock to heal as early as possible.What we adopted is the stronger plastic film of pulling force, according to the thickness of stock, film cloth is cut into strip-shaped membrane band that the wide length of 2 ~ 3cm differs does and connect preceding preparation.Be ready to sharp grafting knife simultaneously.
2, graft technology: (1) grafting part:, can select the stock of different size and different grafting heights according to the requirement of moulding.We cultivate street tree, are used to replace ligustrum lucidum ait.Consider this training objective, the grafting height that we determine is generally at 160 ~ 180 cm.(2) shear otch: at first to stock tack, require during tack to sentence the smooth no knot of 5cm left and right sides bark down at tack, tack is wanted consistent put down, can not have concavo-convex, do like this be beneficial to after the grafting wound healing and be convenient to connect after wrap up.With the method for cut-grafting, notch depth 3 ~ 4cm.(3) grafting fringe: left hand is taken scion, and the right hand is held cutter, with scion both sides wedging and the through medulla of otch, timely scion is inserted after finishing in the stock otch, and the degree of depth is that the scion cutting mouthful is slightly revealed and to be advisable.(4) colligation: carry out colligation with the film band rapidly after in scion is inserted into stock and bind.Brachycephaly with film keeps 10 ~ 15cm earlier, and successively from going up colligation down, must tightly obturaging its envelope in the interface position, leaks with anti-gas-leak, with the brachycephaly film scion top sealed at last, can prevent the evaporation of scion moisture like this with the long head of film.
3, the cultivation of management after the grafting and tree crown: (1) is lightened restrictions on, is removed and sprout: will often check after the grafting, in time remove the bud and the sprig that sprout on the stock, to guarantee that nutrition can be transported to the top, the healthy development of supply fringe bar.Grafting finishes about two weeks of back (situation of apparent temperature and decide), when fringe bar petiole comes off sprouting gradually, the film at scion top can be chosen.When growing to 25 ~ 30cm, all the film bands on stock and the fringe bar all can be removed the fringe bud.Prosperous excessively as fringe bar growing way, can carry out cutting back to the part twig.In season, is regular work to stock except that sprouting in whole growth.(2) damage by disease and insect prevention and control: the new talent after the grafting just will be noted the control of damage by disease and insect, as the chafer and the aphid that sucks juice, two spotted spider mite etc. of surface food bud core.Available medicine carries out prevention and control, can select acephatemet, phoxim etc. to spray after 1000 ~ 2000 times of dilutions.(3) water and fertilizer management: according to the upgrowth situation of nursery stock after the grafting, can execute urea season one time, execute once-combined fertilizer in the winter time in growth.(4) tree crown moulding: according to the tree crown feature of gold leaf privet, we are shaped to ball-type with it, generally divide for three steps: after the grafting success, 7 ~ September then to the branch of growing up rapidly at 30 ~ 40cm place cutting back; Winter and early spring branch out to Guan Shu, remove a part of small and weak branch, and the hat that contracts simultaneously is beneficial to the cultivation of crown type; The nursery stock of need being sold in winter of next year and early spring carries out the tree crown arrangement.To continue to stay the nursery stock in garden to branch out, hat contracts.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows,, cultivated tall and big, tree-like grace, gold leaf privet that ornamental value is high by the method for grafting high and changing head grafting.To area to the north of the Yangtze river basin, greenings especially northern for Jiangsu and the coastal cities, Shandong Province provide a good greening material, can extensive use on Greening Urban Road, and significant to the present situation that changes this regional evergreen tree seeds dullness.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the growing state with 40 days gold leaf privets after the grafting high and changing head grafting
1 trunk is a ligustrum lucidum ait
2 tree crowns are gold leaf privet
Fig. 2 is the gold leaf privet finished product seedling after grafting high and changing head grafting and the crown cultivation
1 trunk is a ligustrum lucidum ait
2 tree crowns are gold leaf privet
Embodiment: since 2006, we just breed in the base in new people continent, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Nanjing Forestry University forest new varieties and cultivate gold leaf privet with the grafting high and changing head method, through repeatedly practising for many years and explore, back management etc. is handled, connect to selection, the selection of scion, grafting time, the interface of stock in cultivating gold leaf privet process summed up a cover scientific methods.
1, grafting time: adopt the grafting in early spring, generally carry out in March 10 to mid-April, with March 15 to March 30 be the best.2007 ~ 2009 years this in the period of three, grafting work is since March 10, until end of day in April 20.The survey showed that: the survival rate of grafting is very high during March 15 extremely by the end of March, can reach more than 95%; March 15, the survival rate former and grafting in April on average only was 85%.Be that graft survival rate is from low to high normal distribution on earth again, the time period that graft survival rate is high is that March 15 was to March 30.
2, grafting method: with the method for cut-grafting, notch depth 3 ~ 4cm.Left hand is taken scion, and the right hand is held cutter, with scion both sides wedging and the through medulla of otch, timely scion is inserted after finishing in the stock otch, and the degree of depth is that the scion cutting mouthful is slightly revealed and to be advisable.
3, the selection of stock: make stock with ligustrum lucidum ait, when selecting stock, should consider: robust growth, no damage by disease and insect; Trunk is perfectly straight, the trunk height will reach more than the 160cm; Generally select for use the ligustrum lucidum ait of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 4 ~ 6cm to do stock.Certain big stock of specification, nutrient accumulation is many, the graft survival rate height, the grafting growth is more conducive to rapid shaping rapidly.In practice, do stock grafting gold leaf privet with the ligustrum lucidum ait of 2 ~ 3cm, can cause tree crown overweight, stock holds be can't stand, makes the stock bending, influence growth and tree-like.Do stock with 7 ~ 8cm ligustrum lucidum ait, well-grown after the grafting.
4, the selection of scion: the collection scion will see at first whether maternal growing way is vigorous, whether the growth of fringe bar is healthy and strong, whether internode is well-balanced, whether leaf bud is full, comes definite ripe branch of life in to two year of gathering as scion.Before the grafting scion is cut into one section that 5 ~ 8cm grows, also will guarantees to have in each scion 4 buds simultaneously, can guarantee like this has 2 ~ 3 buds after the grafting success.More then can suitably cut length longer as scion, so that cutting during grafting.Scion is required to preserve as true the need with cutting with connecing in principle, then will carry out fresh-keeping processings of preserving moisture, influence the survival rate of grafting in case scion dehydration of long duration is dried up; For guaranteeing whether fresh survival of scion, can observe whether have juice flow out, have then this scion to use if cutting mouth, otherwise unavailable during grafting.
5, determining of grafting height:, can select the stock of different size and different grafting heights according to the requirement of moulding.We cultivate street tree, are used to replace ligustrum lucidum ait.Consider this training objective, the grafting height that we determine is generally at 160 ~ 180 cm.Find that by this practice in several years grafting height is unsuitable too high, generally is advisable to be no more than 180cm.This mainly is because except that operation inconvenience, graft survival rate is also had adverse effect.
6, the selection of colligation material and binding method: what we adopted is the stronger plastic film of pulling force, according to the thickness of stock, film cloth is cut into strip-shaped membrane band that the wide length of 2 ~ 3cm differs does and connect preceding preparation.Carrying out colligation with the film band rapidly after in scion is inserted into stock binds.Brachycephaly with film keeps 10 ~ 15cm earlier, and successively from going up colligation down, must tightly obturaging its envelope in the interface position, leaks with anti-gas-leak, with the brachycephaly film scion top sealed at last, can prevent the evaporation of scion moisture like this with the long head of film
7, the management behind the grafting high and changing head: (1) is lightened restrictions on, is removed and sprout: will often check after the grafting, in time remove the bud and the sprig that sprout on the stock, to guarantee that nutrition can be transported to the top, the healthy development of supply fringe bar.Grafting finishes about two weeks of back (situation of apparent temperature and decide), when fringe bar petiole comes off sprouting gradually, the film at scion top can be chosen.When growing to 25 ~ 30cm, all the film bands on stock and the fringe bar all can be removed the fringe bud.Prosperous excessively as fringe bar growing way, can carry out cutting back to the part twig.In season, is regular work to stock except that sprouting in whole growth.(2) damage by disease and insect prevention and control: the new talent after the grafting just will be noted the control of damage by disease and insect, as the chafer and the aphid that sucks juice, two spotted spider mite etc. of surface food bud core.Prevent and treat twice by 1:1000 dilution back in mid-May and mid-June with 50% missible oil acephatemet, respond well.(3) water and fertilizer management: according to the upgrowth situation of nursery stock after the grafting, execute a time urea at the end of May at the beginning of 6 months, turn in conjunction with the winter and execute NPK in mid-December and mix composite fertilizer.
8, tree crown moulding: according to the tree crown feature of gold leaf privet, we are shaped to ball-type with it, generally divide for three steps: after (1) grafting success, 7 ~ September then to the branch of growing up rapidly at 30 ~ 40cm place cutting back; (2) winter and early spring Guan Shu is branched out, remove a part of small and weak branch, the hat that contracts simultaneously is beneficial to the cultivation of crown type; (3) nursery stock of need being sold in winter of next year and early spring carries out the tree crown arrangement.The nursery stock that continues to stay the garden is branched out and contracts hat.
Claims (1)
1. one kind with the application of grafting high and changing head grafting method in cultivating gold leaf privet.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102640665A (en) * | 2012-04-21 | 2012-08-22 | 桐城市景艺苗木有限公司 | Method improving nursery stock grafting survival rate |
| CN103329738A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-10-02 | 句容市林场 | Kingson privet spherical crown rapid forming method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1586112A (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2005-03-02 | 肖茂元 | High stallk color tree and its cultivating method |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1586112A (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2005-03-02 | 肖茂元 | High stallk color tree and its cultivating method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 《中国花卉园艺》 20070115 李威等 高接金叶女贞的培育 第42-43页 1 , 第2期 2 * |
| 《林业科技开发》 20061231 郭圣茂等 小乔木型金叶女贞高位嫁接育苗技术 第82-83页 1 第20卷, 第3期 2 * |
| 《现代农村科技》 20091231 王兰确 金叶女贞嫁接技术 第34页 1 , 第4期 2 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102640665A (en) * | 2012-04-21 | 2012-08-22 | 桐城市景艺苗木有限公司 | Method improving nursery stock grafting survival rate |
| CN103329738A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-10-02 | 句容市林场 | Kingson privet spherical crown rapid forming method |
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Open date: 20110413 |