CN101830163B - 用于混合动力车的传动系 - Google Patents

用于混合动力车的传动系 Download PDF

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CN101830163B
CN101830163B CN200910221929.6A CN200910221929A CN101830163B CN 101830163 B CN101830163 B CN 101830163B CN 200910221929 A CN200910221929 A CN 200910221929A CN 101830163 B CN101830163 B CN 101830163B
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planet gear
compound planet
turning unit
dynamotor
clutch
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CN101830163A (zh
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徐罡寿
沈烋台
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Hyundai Motor Co
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Hyundai Motor Co
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445Differential gearing distribution type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/727Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
    • F16H3/728Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H2037/088Power split variators with summing differentials, with the input of the CVT connected or connectable to the input shaft
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
    • F16H2037/102Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts the input or output shaft of the transmission is connected or connectable to two or more differentials
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
    • F16H2037/105Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts characterised by number of modes or ranges, e.g. for compound gearing
    • F16H2037/106Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts characterised by number of modes or ranges, e.g. for compound gearing with switching means to provide two variator modes or ranges
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0039Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising three forward speeds
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2007Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with two sets of orbital gears
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2035Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with two engaging means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles

Abstract

本发明提供了一种用于混合动力车的传动系,其包括:具有旋转部件的第一行星齿轮组;具有与第一行星齿轮组的旋转部件中的至少一个相连接的旋转部件的第二行星齿轮组;设置成使第一行星齿轮组的旋转部件与第二行星齿轮组的旋转部件相连接/分离的第一离合器;以及设置成使第一行星齿轮组的旋转部件相连接/分离的第二离合器,其中至少两个或更多独立的动力源和输出部件被连接到第一和第二行星齿轮组的旋转部件中的一些旋转部件。该传动系允许与以固定齿轮比(诸如普通变速器的变速级)进行驱动的方式相结合的多模式驱动,以及高效驱动,从而改善车辆的燃料效率。

Description

用于混合动力车的传动系
技术领域
本公开涉及一种用于混合动力车的传动系,更详细地涉及一种在配备有包括内燃发动机在内的两个或更多不同的动力源的混合动力车中将动力从动力源传送到驱动轮的技术。
背景技术
基于在低速时使用来自具有相对优良的低速扭矩特性的电动发电机的动力驱动车辆,并且在高速时使用来自具有相对优良的高速特性的发动机的动力驱动车辆的技术,使用发动机和电动发电机的混合动力车通过实现怠速停止(idle stop)和再生制动的功能来改善车辆的燃料效率。
此外,混合动力车在仅由电动发电机驱动时不产生来自发动机的废气,这被认为是环境友好型车辆技术,具有改善燃料效率和减少废气的优点。
动力分流型装置在用于混合动力车的传动系领域中已经为人们所知,其被分类成单模式方式和多模式方式。单模式方式不需要用于换挡控制的操作部件(诸如离合器或制动器),但是在高速行驶中效率降低,使得燃料效率低并且对大型车辆需要应用额外的扭矩放大器。
另一方面,多模式方式可以设计成能够确保高速行驶中的效率并且根据配置独自放大扭矩,使得它可以适用于中型和大型车辆。
在本背景技术部分中公开的信息仅用于加强对本发明的一般背景的理解,并且不应被看作是对该信息形成了本领域技术人员已知的现有技术的承认或任何形式的暗示。
发明内容
本发明的各个方面旨在提供一种用于混合动力车的传动系,其允许与以固定齿轮比(诸如普通变速器的变速级(shift stage))进行驱动的方式相结合的多模式驱动,以及高效驱动,从而改善车辆的燃料效率。
在本发明的一方面中,用于混合动力车的传动系包括:具有旋转部件的第一行星齿轮组;具有与第一行星齿轮组的旋转部件中的至少一个相连接的旋转部件的第二行星齿轮组;设置成使第一行星齿轮组的旋转部件与第二行星齿轮组的旋转部件相连接/分离的第一离合器;以及设置成使第一行星齿轮组的旋转部件相连接/分离的第二离合器,其中至少两个或更多独立的动力源和输出部件被连接到第一和第二行星齿轮组的旋转部件中的一些旋转部件。
在本发明的另一方面中,用于混合动力车的传动系包括:包括三个旋转部件的第一行星齿轮组,三个旋转部件中的两个分别与发动机和第一电动发电机相连接;包括三个旋转部件的第二行星齿轮组,三个旋转部件中的两个分别与第二电动发电机和第一行星齿轮组相连接;连接到第二行星齿轮组的输出部件;设置成使第一行星齿轮组的未连接到发动机和第一电动发电机的旋转部件与第二行星齿轮组的未连接到第二电动发电机和第一行星齿轮组的旋转部件相连接/分离的第一离合器;以及设置成使第一行星齿轮组的旋转部件中的两个旋转部件相连接/分离的第二离合器。
本发明允许与以固定齿轮比(诸如普通变速器的变速级)进行驱动的方式相结合的多模式驱动,以及在车辆的整个变速比范围内的高效驱动,从而改善车辆的燃料效率。
本发明的方法和装置具有其它特征和优点,这些其它特征和优点根据结合在本文中的附图以及一起用于解释本发明的某些原理的本发明的下列详细说明将是明显的或者将在附图以及下列详细说明中更详细地阐述。
附图说明
图1是图解根据本发明的实施例的用于混合动力车的传动系的配置的示图。
图2是图解根据本发明的另一实施例的用于混合动力车的传动系的配置的示图。
图3是图1和2的传动系的操作模式表。
图4示出图1的传动系的简化配置及其复杂分流模式操作和输出分流模式操作的杠杆分析图。
图5示出图2的传动系的简化配置及其复杂分流模式操作和输出分流模式操作的杠杆分析图。
图6是图解本发明的另一实施例的传动系的配置的示图。
图7是图解本发明的另一实施例的传动系的配置的示图。
图8是图6和7的传动系的操作模式表。
图9是图6的传动系的简化配置。
图10至14是与图8的操作模式相应的图9的传动系的杠杆分析图。
具体实施方式
现在将详细参照本发明的各种实施例,其实例在附图中图解并在下面说明。虽然将结合示例性实施例说明本发明,但是应理解的是,本说明并非意在将本发明限于那些示例性实施例。相反,本发明意在不仅覆盖示例性实施例,而且覆盖可以包括在如所附权利要求所限定的本发明的精神和范围之内的各种替代形式、改型、等效形式和其它实施例。
参照图1和2,根据本发明的一些实施例的用于混合动力车的传动系包括:具有旋转部件的第一行星齿轮组PG1;具有与第一行星齿轮组PG1的旋转部件中的至少一个相连接的旋转部件的第二行星齿轮组PG2;设置成使第一行星齿轮组PG1的旋转部件与第二行星齿轮组PG2的旋转部件相连接/分离的第一离合器CL1;以及设置成使第一行星齿轮组PG1的旋转部件相连接/分离的第二离合器CL2,其中至少两个或更多独立的动力源和输出部件OUT被连接到第一行星齿轮组PG1的旋转部件和/或第二行星齿轮组PG2的旋转部件。
动力源包括连接到第一行星齿轮组PG1的发动机ENG和第一电动发电机MG1,以及连接到第二行星齿轮组PG2的第二电动发电机MG2。输出部件OUT连接到第二行星齿轮组PG2。第一行星齿轮组PG1和第二行星齿轮组PG2,以及第一电动发电机MG1和第二电动发电机MG2同轴布置。
第一行星齿轮组PG1的一个旋转部件直接与第二行星齿轮组PG2的一个旋转部件相连接,并且第一离合器CL1与第一行星齿轮组PG1的其它旋转部件中的一个以及第二行星齿轮组PG2的其它旋转部件中的一个相连接。
发动机ENG与第一行星齿轮组的直接连接于第二行星齿轮组PG2的旋转部件相连接,并且输出部件OUT连接于第二行星齿轮组PG2的未与发动机ENG和第一离合器CL1相连接的一个旋转部件。
第一电动发电机MG1与第一行星齿轮组PG1的未与第一离合器CL1和第二行星齿轮组PG2的旋转部件相连接的旋转部件相连接。第二电动发电机MG2连接于第二行星齿轮组PG2的与第一离合器CL1相连接的旋转部件。
在一个实施例中,如图1中所示,第一行星齿轮组PG1的第一齿轮架C1直接连接于第二行星齿轮组PG2的第二环形齿轮R2,发动机ENG连接于第一齿轮架C1,第一电动发电机MG1连接于第一行星齿轮组PG1的第一环形齿轮R1,第二电动发电机MG2连接于第二行星齿轮组PG2的第二中心齿轮S2,第一离合器CL1被布置成使第一行星齿轮组PG1的第一中心齿轮S1与第二行星齿轮组PG2的第二中心齿轮S2相连接/分离,第二离合器CL2被布置成使第一中心齿轮S1与第一齿轮架C1相连接/分离,并且输出部件OUT连接于第二行星齿轮组PG2的第二齿轮架C2。
根据另一实施例,如图2所示,第一行星齿轮组PG1的第一齿轮架C1直接连接于第二行星齿轮组PG2的第二环形齿轮R2,发动机ENG连接于第一齿轮架C1,第一电动发电机MG1连接于第一行星齿轮组PG1的第一环形齿轮R1,第二电动发电机MG2连接于第二行星齿轮组PG2的第二中心齿轮S2,第一离合器CL1被布置成使第一行星齿轮组PG1的第一中心齿轮S1与第二行星齿轮组PG2的第二中心齿轮S2相连接/分离,第二离合器CL2被布置成使第一环形齿轮R1与第一齿轮架C1相连接/分离,并且输出部件OUT连接于第二行星齿轮组PG2的第二齿轮架C2。
可以通过操作第一离合器CL1和第二离合器CL2来使根据实施例的传动系以复杂分流模式(complex split mode)或输出分流模式(outputsplit mode)工作。
在图1的实施例的传动系中,通过接合第一离合器CL1来启动复杂分流模式。即,在图4的上侧示出的杠杆分析图对图1进行了简化,并且在该图的左下侧示出的示图可以通过仅接合第一离合器CL1来获得,其中发动机ENG(输入部件)和输出部件OUT都与第一电动发电机MG1和第二电动发电机MG2间隔开,从而实现复杂分流模式传动系结构。
复杂分流模式是这样一种模式:第一电动发电机MG1和第二电动发电机MG2不相互连接,但是通过行星齿轮组的旋转部件连接于发动机ENG或输出部件OUT。并且复杂分流模式在第一电动发电机MG1或第二电动发电机MG2的速度为零的两个机械点处具有整个变速比(shift ratio)区域内的最大效率。
在图4的上侧示出的杠杆分析图中,当使第一离合器CL1脱离接合并且使第二离合器CL2接合时,第一行星齿轮组PG1的两个部件通过第二离合器CL2的接合而相互连接,结果,第一行星齿轮组PG1的所有部件相互闭锁并作为一个旋转单元工作,使得如图4的右下侧所示来表达该状态,其中第一电动发电机MG1直接与发动机ENG相连接,从而实现输出分流模式。
输出分流模式具有一个机械点,并且在不与发动机ENG直接连接的第二电动发电机MG2的速度为零的变速比处表现出最大效率。因此,通过控制第一离合器CL1和第二离合器CL2来选择复杂分流模式和输出分流模式,使得能够在高效区段驱动车辆,有可能以改善车辆的燃料效率的多个模式驱动车辆。
而且,在图2的实施例的传动系中,如图5所示,可以通过操作第一离合器CL1和第二离合器CL2来实现复杂分流模式和输出分流模式。
图6和7图解了本发明的其它实施例,其进一步设置有对第一行星齿轮组PG1的与第一电动发电机MG1相连接的旋转部件的旋转进行限制的第一制动器,以及对第二行星齿轮组PG2的与第二电动发电机MG2相连接的旋转部件的旋转进行限制的第二制动器,并且在其它配置上与图1和2的实施例相同。
图7中所示的传动系结构与图6中所示的传动系结构在第二离合器CL2的位置上有所不同,如在图1与2之间的关系中那样。因此,省略对该结构及其操作的详细说明。
图6的传动系结构可以以图8中所示的模式工作,并且可以简化为如图9所示。
图10至14示出根据图8的模式的杠杆分析图。在电动车EV模式中,如图10所示,第二离合器CL2和第一制动器BK1被接合,使得第一行星齿轮组PG1通过第二离合器CL2的接合而闭锁为一个旋转单元,并且第一行星齿轮组以及直接连接于第一行星齿轮组的发动机ENG和第一电动发电机MG1被第一制动器BK1停止。
结果,第二电动发电机MG2的驱动力被减小并且通过第二齿轮架C2输出到输出部件OUT。
在复杂分流模式中,如图11所示,仅第一离合器CL1被接合。发动机ENG、第一电动发电机MG1和第二电动发电机MG2都可以产生驱动力并且可以给其余二者提供动力以发电,并且通过适当地控制它们的速度,有可能对车辆所需的整个范围连续地改变变速比。
在输出分流模式中,如图12所示,仅第二离合器CL2被接合。由第二离合器CL2整体连接的第一行星齿轮组PG1、发动机ENG和第一电动发电机MG1以相同的速度旋转,并且输出部件OUT的速度可以通过控制该配置中所包含的第二电动发电机MG2的速度来调节。
图13图解了第一级固定齿轮比模式(first stage fixed gear ratiomode),其包括由离合器和制动器的组合而定的三种状态。
在第一种状态中,第一离合器CL1和第二离合器CL2被接合,同时第二行星齿轮组PG2通过第一离合器CL1与第一行星齿轮组PG1一起形成一条直线的杠杆,并且杠杆的左端由第二制动器BK2固定,使得发动机ENG工作,动力按预定的变速比被减小并输出到第二齿轮架C2。
在第二种状态中,第二离合器CL2和第二制动器BK2被接合,同时第一行星齿轮组PG1的所有部件以及连接到第一行星齿轮组PG1的发动机ENG和第一电动发电机MG1,通过第二离合器CL2的接合而与第二环形齿轮R2一起作为一个旋转单元旋转,并且第二中心齿轮S2由第二制动器BK2固定,使得发动机ENG的驱动力按预定的变速比被减小并且通过第二齿轮架S2输出到输出部件OUT。
在第三种状态中,第一制动器BK1和第二制动器BK2被接合,同时第一行星齿轮组PG1和第二行星齿轮组PG2中的与发动机ENG相连接的第一齿轮架C1和第二环形齿轮R2,以与发动机ENG相同的速度旋转,并且具有由第二制动器BK2固定的第二中心齿轮S2的第二行星齿轮组PG2的第二齿轮架C2,通过第二环形齿轮R2的旋转,以预定的变速比减小并输出发动机ENG的驱动力。
当第一电动发电机MG1或第二电动发电机MG2出故障时,这些状态通过仅操作发动机ENG而相当有助于确保平稳行驶。此外,在第一和第二状态中,第一电动发电机MG1可以通过产生驱动力来辅助发动机ENG的动力。
另一方面,在图8所示的第二级固定齿轮比模式中,第一离合器CL1和第二离合器CL2都被接合,并且第一行星齿轮组PG1和第二行星齿轮组PG2作为一个单元工作使得所有部件同时旋转,使得从发动机ENG输入的动力被完全传送到输出部件OUT,从而实现固定的变速比1∶1。
图14图解了第三级固定齿轮比模式,其中一个长直杠杆由相互交迭的表示第二行星齿轮组PG2的直杠杆和表示第一行星齿轮组PG1的直杠杆通过第一离合器CL1的接合而形成,并且如图中所示,直杠杆的左端通过第一制动器BK1的接合而被固定,使得发动机ENG的驱动力通过第二行星齿轮组PG2的第二齿轮架C2按预定变速比被增加并输出。即,实现固定齿轮比超速传动行驶(overdrive traveling)。
出于例证和说明的目的,已经给出了本发明的具体示例性实施例的上述说明。它们并非意在是无遗漏的或者将本发明限制于所公开的精确形式,并且显而易见的是,根据上述教导,许多改型和变型都是可能的。选择和说明示例性实施例是为了解释本发明的某些原理和它们的实际应用,从而使本领域技术人员能够做出和利用本发明的各种示例性实施例及其各种替代形式和改型。本发明的范围应该由所附权利要求和它们的等价形式限定。

Claims (12)

1.一种用于混合动力车的传动系,包括:
具有旋转部件的第一行星齿轮组;
第二行星齿轮组,其所具有的旋转部件包括与所述第一行星齿轮组的旋转部件中的至少一个相连接的旋转部件;
设置成使所述第一行星齿轮组的旋转部件中的一个与所述第二行星齿轮组的旋转部件中的一个相连接/分离的第一离合器;以及
设置成使所述第一行星齿轮组的旋转部件之间发生连接/分离的第二离合器,
其中至少两个或更多独立的动力源和输出部件被连接到所述第一和第二行星齿轮组的旋转部件中的一些旋转部件;
其中所述动力源包括:
发动机和第一电动发电机,二者被连接到所述第一行星齿轮组;以及
连接到所述第二行星齿轮组的第二电动发电机,并且
其中所述第一行星齿轮组和所述第二行星齿轮组以及所述第一电动发电机和所述第二电动发电机同轴布置;
其中所述第一行星齿轮组的一个旋转部件直接与所述第二行星齿轮组的一个旋转部件相连接,并且
所述第一离合器与所述第一行星齿轮组的其它旋转部件中的一个以及所述第二行星齿轮组的其它旋转部件中的一个相连接;
其中所述发动机与所述第一行星齿轮组的直接连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的旋转部件相连接,并且
所述输出部件连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的未与所述发动机和所述第一离合器相连接的一个旋转部件。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,其中所述第一电动发电机与所述第一行星齿轮组的未与所述第一离合器和所述第二行星齿轮组的旋转部件相连接的旋转部件相连接,并且
所述第二电动发电机连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的与所述第一离合器相连接的旋转部件。
3.如权利要求2所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,其中所述第一行星齿轮组的第一齿轮架直接连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的第二环形齿轮,
所述发动机连接于所述第一齿轮架,
所述第一电动发电机连接于所述第一行星齿轮组的第一环形齿轮,
所述第二电动发电机连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的第二中心齿轮,
所述第一离合器布置成使所述第一行星齿轮组的第一中心齿轮与所述第二行星齿轮组的第二中心齿轮相连接/分离,
所述第二离合器布置成使所述第一中心齿轮与所述第一齿轮架相连接/分离,并且
所述输出部件连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的第二齿轮架。
4.如权利要求2所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,还包括:
设置成对所述第一行星齿轮组的与所述第一电动发电机相连接的旋转部件的旋转进行限制的第一制动器;以及
设置成对所述第二行星齿轮组的与所述第二电动发电机相连接的旋转部件的旋转进行限制的第二制动器。
5.如权利要求2所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,其中所述第一行星齿轮组的第一齿轮架直接连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的第二环形齿轮,
所述发动机连接于所述第一齿轮架,
所述第一电动发电机连接于所述第一行星齿轮组的第一环形齿轮,
所述第二电动发电机连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的第二中心齿轮,
所述第一离合器布置成使所述第一行星齿轮组的第一中心齿轮与所述第二行星齿轮组的第二中心齿轮相连接/分离,
所述第二离合器布置成使所述第一环形齿轮与所述第一齿轮架相连接/分离,并且
所述输出部件连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的第二齿轮架。
6.如权利要求5所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,还包括:
设置成对与所述第一电动发电机相连接的所述第一环形齿轮的旋转进行限制的第一制动器;以及
设置成对与所述第二电动发电机相连接的所述第二中心齿轮的旋转进行限制的第二制动器。
7.一种用于混合动力车的传动系,包括:
包括三个旋转部件的第一行星齿轮组,所述三个旋转部件中的两个分别与发动机和第一电动发电机相连接;
包括三个旋转部件的第二行星齿轮组,所述三个旋转部件中的两个分别与第二电动发电机和所述第一行星齿轮组相连接;
连接到所述第二行星齿轮组的输出部件;
设置成使所述第一行星齿轮组的未连接到所述发动机和所述第一电动发电机的旋转部件与所述第二行星齿轮组的连接到所述第二电动发电机的旋转部件相连接/分离的第一离合器;以及
设置成使所述第一行星齿轮组的旋转部件中的两个旋转部件相连接/分离的第二离合器。
8.如权利要求7所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,还包括:
设置成对所述第一行星齿轮组的与所述第一电动发电机相连接的旋转部件的旋转进行限制的第一制动器;以及
设置成对所述第二行星齿轮组的与所述第二电动发电机相连接的旋转部件的旋转进行限制的第二制动器。
9.如权利要求7所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,其中所述输出部件连接于所述第二行星齿轮组的旋转部件中的未与所述第二电动发电机和所述第一行星齿轮组相连接的旋转部件,并且
所述发动机与相互连接的所述第一行星齿轮组的旋转部件和所述第二行星齿轮组的旋转部件相连接。
10.如权利要求9所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,其中所述第一离合器布置成使所述第二行星齿轮组的与所述第二电动发电机相连接的旋转部件与所述第一行星齿轮组的未与所述第一电动发电机和所述发动机相连接的旋转部件相连接/分离。
11.如权利要求10所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,其中所述第二离合器布置成使所述第一行星齿轮组的与所述发动机相连接的旋转部件与所述第一行星齿轮组的与所述第一离合器相连接的旋转部件相连接/分离。
12.如权利要求10所述的用于混合动力车的传动系,其中所述第二离合器布置成使所述第一行星齿轮组的与所述发动机相连接的旋转部件与所述第一行星齿轮组的与所述第一电动发电机相连接的旋转部件相连接/分离。
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US8449420B2 (en) 2013-05-28
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