CN101816246B - Teasel root seedling culturing method - Google Patents
Teasel root seedling culturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101816246B CN101816246B CN2010101257607A CN201010125760A CN101816246B CN 101816246 B CN101816246 B CN 101816246B CN 2010101257607 A CN2010101257607 A CN 2010101257607A CN 201010125760 A CN201010125760 A CN 201010125760A CN 101816246 B CN101816246 B CN 101816246B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a teasel root seedling method, which comprises the steps of selecting seeds, soaking the seeds, culturing seedlings and transplanting the seedlings. In the invention, the seedlings are cultured by nutrient fertilizer balls or on the spot, so the nutrients required for the growth of the seedlings are guaranteed; the use of a formed seedbed and a tunnel further guarantees the environment conditions for the growth of teasel roots, so the rate of seedling emergence and the survival rate are high, the seedlings are robust and the yield is high; and meanwhile, the seedling culturing time is long and the occupied area is a fewer, so the land cost is greatly reduced and the total cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seedling-cultivating method, relate in particular to a kind of teasel root seedling culturing method.
Background technology
Teasel root is a Dipsacaceae Dipsacus herbaceos perennial; Be distributed in each province on the south the Changjiang river; Grow in limes marginis, hillside thick grass, border and the roadside, field of height above sea level 600～3000m, the major production areas is western part, Hubei, the west and south, Sichuan and east, Chongqing, and its medicinal part is a root; Have filling liver kidney, strengthening the bones and muscles, continuous folding and hinder, end uterine bleeding and effect such as antiabortive, it is top grade for the Shennong's Herbal row.Because teasel root is mainly wild plant, seldom tame, the price continuous rise causes wild resource to be die-offed in recent years, and market supply is not enough.
At present, the teasel root cultivation is for directly sowing selected comparatively full teasel root seed in the fields after soaking in the water as seed, and this cultivation method causes emergence rate low in default of nutrient, and the seedling body is thin and weak, yields poorly.
Summary of the invention
The present invention will provide a kind of teasel root seedling culturing method exactly, and this seedling-cultivating method can guarantee the teasel root needed nutrient of growing, and not only emergence rate is high, and the seedling body is thick and strong, and output is high.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this: a kind of teasel root seedling culturing method comprises seed selection, soaks seed, grows seedlings and seedling replanting.
Above-mentioned growing seedlings adopts the fertile ball of nutrition to grow seedlings.
The fertile ball of above-mentioned nutrition is grown seedlings and is comprised fertile ball of making nutrition and sowing; In order to guarantee the teasel root needed nutrition of growing; The method of the fertile ball of said making nutrition is for being mixed and made into nutrition soil in the fertile ball of the nutrition that can steadily place and guarantee 2～3 growth of seedling, and said nutrition soil adds the stable dung that becomes thoroughly decomposed, composite fertilizer or superphosphate by fine earth and mixes, in order to prevent water loss; Said sowing is sowed the back earthing on the fertile ball of said nutrition, boring a hole with wooden stick with seed.
For the teasel root needed nutrition of growing rationally is provided; Guarantee emergence rate and survival rate simultaneously; The fertile ball of cylinder that the fertile ball of said nutrition is high 6～8cm, diameter 4～5cm; Above-mentioned sowing is sowed 2～3 seeds for using diameter as the wooden stick of the 1cm aperture at the degree of depth a 1～1.5cm of nutrition fertile ball center brill above the said fertile ball.
In order further to guarantee the reasonability of nutrition, the component and the percentage by weight of above-mentioned nutrition soil are: 80～85% fine earths, 14～19% become thoroughly decomposed stable dung, 0.5～1% composite fertilizer or superphosphate.
In order to prevent water loss, above-mentioned seed is sowed the back earthing for covering the thick fine earth of 2～3cm.
For the ease of management and the good growing environment of assurance seedling, the fertile spherical pendulum of above-mentioned nutrition after planting is placed on the smooth seedbed, and said smooth seedbed is the ground of the above diameter grogs of no 1.5cm, and with 30～40 days before use spraying herbicides in said smooth seedbed.
In order to guarantee the temperature and humidity of suitable teasel root growth; Built shed above the above-mentioned smooth seedbed, said shed is wide 1.2～1.5m, long 20～30m; High 60～80cm; Bamboo-wood structure or the steel frame construction shed of arch spacing 50～60cm, covering on the said shed can anti-intensive ultraviolet and the film of cryogenic conditions, and the drain ditch is set between the shed.
Above-mentioned growing seedlings can also be for growing seedlings on the spot.
In order to guarantee the environmental condition of teasel root growth; Above-mentioned growing seedlings on the spot to sowing seed on smooth seedbed, said smooth seedbed is the ground of the above diameter grogs of no 1.5cm, and with 30～40 days before use spraying herbicides in said smooth seedbed; Built shed on the said smooth seedbed; Said shed is long 20～30m, wide 1.2～1.5m, bamboo wood or the steel frame construction of high 60～80cm; Said shed spacing is 50～60cm, and covering on the said shed can anti-intensive ultraviolet and the film of cryogenic conditions; Between the said shed drain ditch is set.
In order to guarantee the environmental condition of teasel root growth, keep 15～25 ℃ of temperature in the above-mentioned shed, relative moisture guarantees that the overburden layer non-whitening is dry more than 80%.
In order to guarantee the quality of seed; Above-mentioned seed selection is that the teasel root grain is soaked in the clear water; The flat seed that swims on the water surface is removed; Select the seed of thousand kernel weight more than 8.0g as seed after will sinking to water-bed full seed airing, above-mentioned immersion seed soaked 10 minutes for selected seed being put into 1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder, and above-mentioned transplanting is arrived the land for growing field crops with seedling replanting during for after planting 5 months to 5 first quarter moons.
Specifically, a kind of teasel root seedling culturing method comprises the selection seed, soaks seed, grows seedlings and seedling replanting; Seed selection: the teasel root grain is soaked in the clear water, the flat seed that swims on the water surface is removed, select the seed of thousand kernel weight more than 8.0g as seed after will sinking to water-bed full seed airing;
Soak seed: said seed is put into 1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder soaked 10 minutes;
Grow seedlings: adopt the fertile ball of nutrition to grow seedlings; The fertile ball of said nutrition is grown seedlings and comprised and make fertile ball of nutrition and sowing, and the method for the fertile ball of said making nutrition for being with percentage by weight: the become thoroughly decomposed nutrition soil of stable dung, 0.5～1% composite fertilizer or superphosphate of 80～85% fine earths, 14～19% is processed the cylinder fertilizer ball of high 6～8cm, diameter 4～5cm; Said sowing is the wooden stick of the 1cm aperture at the degree of depth a 1～1.5cm of above-mentioned nutrition fertile ball center brill for using diameter, and each fertile ball is sowed 2～3 seeds and covered the thick fine earth of 2～3cm; After planting the fertile spherical pendulum of nutrition is placed on the smooth seedbed, said smooth seedbed is the ground of the above grogs of no 1.5cm diameter, and with 30～40 days before use spraying herbicides in said smooth seedbed; On smooth seedbed, build wide 1.2～1.5m, long 20～30m, the bamboo-wood structure of high 60～80cm or the shed of steel frame construction; The shed spacing is 50～60cm; Covering above the said shed can anti-intensive ultraviolet and the overlay film of cryogenic conditions, and the drain ditch is set between the shed, and the maintenance temperature is 15～25 ℃ in the above-mentioned shed; Relative moisture guarantees that the overburden layer non-whitening is dry more than 80%;
Or adopt and grow seedlings on the spot, directly to sow seed on smooth seedbed, said smooth seedbed is the ground of the above grogs of no 1.5cm diameter; And with 30～40 days before use spraying herbicides in said smooth seedbed, on smooth seedbed, build wide 1.2～1.5m, long 20～30m; The bamboo-wood structure of high 60～80cm or the shed of steel frame construction, shed spacing are 50～60cm, and covering above the said shed can anti-intensive ultraviolet and the overlay film of cryogenic conditions; The drain ditch is set between the shed; Keep 15～25 ℃ of temperature in the above-mentioned shed, relative moisture guarantees that the overburden layer non-whitening is dry more than 80%;
Transplant: during after planting 5 months to 5 first quarter moons seedling replanting is arrived the land for growing field crops.
The present invention has following beneficial effect, and the present invention adopts fertile ball to grow seedlings or grow seedlings on the spot, has guaranteed the needed nutrient of growth of seedling; The use of smooth seedbed and shed has further guaranteed the environmental condition of teasel root growth, and therefore, the present invention is emergence rate and survival rate height not only; And the seedling body is thick and strong, and output is high, simultaneously because seedling raise period is long, occupation of land is few; Reduce the land used cost significantly, reduced totle drilling cost.Like following table 1 is different cultivation method teasel root seedling bulk-growth situation, and table 2 is different cultivation methods to the influence of teasel root yield traits etc., and table 3 is the different cultivation method cost of a teasel root situation.
The different cultivation method teasel root of table 1 seedling bulk-growth situation
| Cultivation method | Survival rate (%) | Seedling fresh weight (g) | The rate of giving money as a gift (%) | Plant height (cm) | Stem thick (mm) | The number of blade | Blade long (cm) | Petiole long (cm) | Blade wide (cm) | Root long (cm) | The fibrous root number |
| Directly sow cultivation method | 46 | 0.37± 0.0183 | 0.15 | 1.05± 0.0853 | 1.31± 0.045B | 1.21± 0.0267 | 3.11± 0.0902 | 5.23 ± 0.254 1 | 2.35 ± 0.043 2 | 6.44 ± 0.27 | 15.72 ± 0.685 |
| Growing nursery and culture method on the spot | 83 | 0.86± 0.0595 | 0.17 | 1.95± 0.0777 | 1.31± 0.0531 | 1.48± 0.0597 | 3.75± 0.1973 | 5.87 ± 0.351 7 | 3.01 ± 0.168 1 | 7.68 ± 0.489 3 | 16.20 ± 1.019 |
| The fertile ball growing nursery and culture method of nutrition | 86 | 1.08± 0.0409 | 0.21 | 2.02± 0.0767 | 1.77± 0.0476 | 2.26± 0.0381 | 4.68± 0.2495 | 6.98 ± 0.319 8 | 3.31 ± 0.123 3 | 8.91 ± 0.440 6 | 22.14 ± 1.083 |
Can find out from table 1, the cultivation method that adopts the fertile ball of nutrition to grow seedlings or grow seedlings on the spot, its seedling body survival rate and other characteristic index all are higher than the cultivation method of directly sowing.
The different cultivation methods of table 2 are to the influence of teasel root yield traits etc.
| Cultivation method | Per mu yield (kg) | Single-strain fresh weight (g) | Single fresh weight (g) | Big root heavy (g) |
| Directly sow cultivation method | 133.03 | 136.80±9.83 | 47.31±5.87 | 102.13±6.84 |
| Growing nursery and culture method on the spot | 140.14 | 144.64±8.50 | 57.91±4.01 | 92.33±11.42 |
| The fertile ball growing nursery and culture method of nutrition | 190.74 | 243.21±12.74 | 69.60±7.90 | 164.57±10.93 |
Can find out from table 2, the cultivation method that adopts the fertile ball of nutrition to grow seedlings or grow seedlings on the spot, teasel root output all is higher than the cultivation method of directly sowing, and the output that the PR that wherein adopts the fertile ball of nutrition to grow seedlings is directly sowed is high more than 1.4 times.
The different cultivation method cost of table 3 situation
| Cultivation method | Seed expense is used | The sowing or the labour cost of growing seedlings | The weeding expense | The shed expense | The transplanting expense | Contingency cost such as fill the gaps with seedlings | The land used cost | Totle drilling cost |
| Directly sow cultivation method | 45～ 70 | 450～900 | 1800～ 2700 | 0 | 0 | 450～900 | 3000 | 5745～ 7570 |
| Growing nursery and culture method on the spot | 20～ 25 | 900～ 1800 | 0 | 300 | 450～900 | 450～900 | 240～ 260 | 2360～ 4185 |
| The fertile ball growing nursery and culture method of nutrition | 15～ 20 | 1350～ 2700 | 0 | 300 | 450～900 | 0 | 200 | 2315～ 4120 |
Can find out from table 3; Only need take the soil of small size owing to grow seedlings; And the time is longer; So the cultivation method that adopts the fertile ball of nutrition to grow seedlings or grow seedlings has on the spot reduced the use cost in land for growing field crops significantly, so its totle drilling cost is compared reduction significantly than the totle drilling cost of directly sowing cultivation method.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, and a kind of teasel root seedling culturing method soaks the teasel root grain in the clear water, and the flat seed that swims on the water surface is removed, and selects the seed of thousand kernel weight more than 8.0g as seed after will sinking to water-bed full seed airing; After 3～4 days selected seed being put into 1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder soaked 10 minutes; Process nutrition soil according to the become thoroughly decomposed weight percentage of stable dung and 1% composite fertilizer of 80% fine earth, 19%; Nutrition soil is processed the fertile ball of cylinder nutrition of the fertile ball of cylinder of high 6～8cm, diameter 4～5cm; Use diameter on the fertile ball of nutrition, to bore the aperture of the degree of depth degree of depth a 1～1.5cm then, cover the thick fine earth of 2～3cm after sowing 2～3 seeds as the wooden stick of 1cm; Smooth seedbed makes ground not have the above grogs of diameter 1.5cm, and 30～40 days before use spraying herbicides; The fertile spherical pendulum of nutrition after planting is placed on the smooth seedbed; On smooth seedbed, build shed, shed is long 20～30m, wide 1.2～1.5m, and the steel frame construction of high 60～80cm, the shed spacing is 50～60cm, the shed overlay film adopts plastic film, and the drain ditch is set between the shed; Keep 15～25 ℃ of temperature temperature in the above-mentioned shed, relative moisture guarantees that the overburden layer non-whitening is dry more than 80%; When sowing five months to five first quarter moons, the seedling replanting of cultivating to the land for growing field crops, is treated its ripe back results.
Embodiment 2, process nutrition soil according to the become thoroughly decomposed percentage by weight of stable dung and 0.5% superphosphate of 85% fine earth, 14.5%, and shed is a bamboo-wood structure, and other is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3, process nutrition soil according to the become thoroughly decomposed percentage by weight of stable dung and 0.7% composite fertilizer of 83% fine earth, 16.3%, and other is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4; A kind of teasel root seedling culturing method; The teasel root grain is soaked in the clear water; The flat seed that swims on the water surface is removed, selected the seed of thousand kernel weight more than 8.0g as seed after will sinking to water-bed full seed airing, after 3～4 days selected seed is put into 1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder and soaked 10 minutes; Smooth seedbed makes ground not have the above grogs of diameter 1.5cm, and 30～40 days before use spraying herbicides; Seed after the above-mentioned immersion is sowed on smooth seedbed, on smooth seedbed, built shed, shed is that shed is long 20～30m; Wide 1.2～1.5m, high 60～80cm, the shed spacing is the bamboo-wood structure of 50～60cm; The canopy film adopts plastic film, and the drain ditch is set between the shed; Keep 15～25 ℃ of temperature temperature in the above-mentioned shed, relative moisture guarantees that the overburden layer non-whitening is dry more than 80%; Sow five months～five first quarter moons constantly, the seedling replanting of cultivating to the land for growing field crops, is treated its ripe back results.
Claims (6)
1. teasel root seedling culturing method, comprise seed selection, seed immersion, grow seedlings and seedling replanting, it is characterized in that: said growing seedlings adopts the fertile ball of nutrition to grow seedlings; The fertile ball of said nutrition is grown seedlings and is comprised fertile ball of making nutrition and sowing; The method of the fertile ball of said making nutrition is for processing nutrition soil in the fertile ball of the nutrition that can steadily place and guarantee 2～3 growth of seedling; Said nutrition soil adds become thoroughly decomposed stable dung and composite fertilizer or superphosphate by fine earth and mixes; Said sowing is sowed the back earthing on the fertile ball of said nutrition, boring a hole with wooden stick with seed; The fertile ball of cylinder that the fertile ball of said nutrition is high 6～8 cm, diameter 4～5cm; When sowing, use in seed diameter to bore the aperture of the degree of depth a 1～1.5cm in said fertile ball center as the wooden stick of lcm; Sow 2～3 seeds above the said fertile ball, the component and the percentage by weight of said nutrition soil are: 80～85% fine earths, 14～19% become thoroughly decomposed stable dung and 0.5～1% composite fertilizer or superphosphate.
2. seedling-cultivating method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: saidly after planting also the fertile spherical pendulum of nutrition is placed on the smooth seedbed; Said smooth seedbed is the ground of the above diameter grogs of no 1.5cm, and with 30～40 days before use spraying herbicides in said smooth seedbed.
3. seedling-cultivating method as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that: the top shed of also having built in said smooth seedbed, said shed is long 20～30m, wide 1.2～1.5m; High 60～80cm, covering above the said shed can anti-intensive ultraviolet and the film of cryogenic conditions.
4. like each described seedling-cultivating method of claim 1～3; It is characterized in that: said seed selection is that the teasel root grain is soaked in the clear water; The flat seed that swims on the water surface is removed, selected the seed of thousand kernel weight more than 8.0g as seed after will sinking to water-bed full seed airing; Said immersion seed soaked 10 minutes for selected seed being put into l000 times of liquid of 50 % carbendazol wettable powders; Said transplanting during for after planting 5 months to 5 first quarter moons with seedling replanting to the land for growing field crops.
5. seedling-cultivating method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: keep 15～25 ℃ of temperature in the said shed, relative moisture is more than 80%, and assurance overburden layer non-whitening is dry.
6. seedling-cultivating method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it is to cover the thick fine earth of 2～3 ㎝ that said seed is sowed the back earthing.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102204463B (en) * | 2011-04-06 | 2012-07-18 | 贵州同济堂制药有限公司 | Teasel root planting method |
| CN102487691B (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2013-04-03 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Ecological planting method for himalayan teasel roots |
| CN103814723A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-28 | 云南和创药业有限公司 | Efficient cultivation method for high-altitude area radix dipsaci |
| CN104429494B (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2016-05-04 | 何勇 | A kind of teasel root fast seedling-cultivating method |
| CN108293763A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-07-20 | 紫云自治县文烁植保农民专业合作社 | A kind of red core cultivation method of sweet potato |
| CN111919649A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-11-13 | 蒙城县林达农业有限公司 | Method for transplanting chinaberry seedlings |
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2010
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