CN101803514A - Ridge-covering and trench-sowing cultivation and fertilization technology of dryland winter wheat - Google Patents
Ridge-covering and trench-sowing cultivation and fertilization technology of dryland winter wheat Download PDFInfo
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- CN101803514A CN101803514A CN200910254609A CN200910254609A CN101803514A CN 101803514 A CN101803514 A CN 101803514A CN 200910254609 A CN200910254609 A CN 200910254609A CN 200910254609 A CN200910254609 A CN 200910254609A CN 101803514 A CN101803514 A CN 101803514A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a ridge-covering and trench-sowing cultivation and fertilization technology of dryland winter wheat, which comprises the following steps of: preparing land, applying a base fertilizer, forming ridges with the widths of 35-40cm and covering a white plastic film on the ridges; preserving a ridge width of 30-35cm between two ridges; sowing wheat in grooves with a row distance of 15-20cm and a rowing amount of 150-225 kg/ha; uncovering the film during the total growth fertility period of the wheat so as to keep the strip film covering the soil surface; ditching and topdressing a nitrogen fertilizer of 30-45 kg/hm between wheat rows when the soil starts to defrost in spring and the wheat starts to turn green; milling in time after topdressing the fertilizer; keeping the plastic film covering the ridges after wheat is harvested; and returning all straws to be covered in grooves among the ridges for stimulating the rainfall infiltration in summer and lessening the water evaporation loss of the soil. The invention can stimulate the formation and the transferring of dry substances to grains, remarkably improves the ear grain number and the thousand grain weight and remarkably increases the wheat yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to winter wheat cultivation of a kind of nonirrigated farmland and fertilizer practice, be specifically related to a kind of dry land wheat ridge and cover trench sowing cultivation and fertilizer practice.
Background technology
Nonirrigated farmland, northwest (mainly referring to ground such as Shaanxi, Gansu and Shanxi) wheat growth season, arid is short of rain to be the basic reason of restriction high yield.
Yet the long-term operation habit of this regional peasant household is for a long time: conventional flat work, overlay film, employing " bombards " cultivation and fertilizer practice, these operation habits cause this area's wheat yield limited, are also restricting the raising of this area's wheat yield.
Analyze reason: not busy season in the summer of this area before wheat is broadcast, fully admit precipitation in summer (7～September), and be kept in the soil, and then reduce surface evaporation in the phase as much as possible at wheat growth, be to solve this area to make full use of rainfall resource, realize high crop yield, stable yields the very corn of a subject and key.And the long-term operation habit of this regional peasant household can not solve the technical problem that makes full use of rainfall resource.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of dry land wheat ridge to cover trench sowing cultivation and fertilizer practice, it has solved can not solve the technical problem that makes full use of rainfall resource in the background technology.
Technical solution of the present invention is:
Trench sowing cultivation and fertilizer practice are covered in winter wheat ridge, a kind of nonirrigated farmland, and its special character is that this technology may further comprise the steps:
1) at wheat seedbed preparation basal dressing: according to native testing test result, because of the soil fertility level difference, mu nitrogen fertilizer application (purity nitrogen) 120-150 kilogram/hectare, phosphorus (P
2O
5) 90-120 kilogram/hectare, potassium (K
2O) 60-75 kilogram/hectare;
2) ridging after site preparation and fertilization is finished, row spacing 35-40cm, and on the ridge, cover the white plastic film;
3) two distance between the ridges, i.e. ditch bandwidth reservation 30-35cm;
4) in ditch, sow wheat, line-spacing 15-20cm, seeding quantity is 150-225kg/ha;
5) in the time of infertility of wheat growth, do not take off film, keep soil surface ribbon film to cover;
6) spring soil begin to thaw, before wheat begins to turn green, in the ranks ditching in wheat imposes nitrogenous fertilizer 30-45 kilogram/hectare; In time harrow a kind of farm tools after topdressing;
7) behind the harvesting wheat, the plastic film that covers on the ridge keeps, and stalk is all gone back the field, is covered in the inter-drain of ridge, is used to promote the precipitation infiltration in summer, reduces the soil water evaporation loss.
Above-mentioned row spacing 35cm; Described two distance between the ridges, i.e. ditch bandwidth reservation 30cm; The described wheat of in ditch, sowing, line-spacing 20cm, seeding quantity is that 150kg/ha is best.
The base of above-mentioned nitrogenous fertilizer chases after than 6: 4 or 7: 3.
Above-mentioned white plastic film is common agricultural white plastic film.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) ridge is covered trench sowing fertilising and cultivation mode and can be promoted dry matter to form and to the transfer of seed, significantly improve grain number per spike and thousand kernel weight that these are major reasons of wheat increase yield.
2) ridge is covered the nitrogen that trench sowing can promote crop to absorb and is shifted to seed.
3) ridge is covered trench sowing and is significantly improved wilfully force of labor of wheat nitrogen apparent rate of recovery nitrogen, physiology efficient, agronomy efficient and nitrogenous fertilizer.
Embodiment
Carry out in the northwest Shaanxi of this work, Gansu, Shanxi, has tentatively proposed the dry land wheat ridge and covered trench sowing cultivation and fertilizer practice.
Therefore, we have proposed the ridge and have covered the trench sowing technology.The test in 08～09 year finds, after wheat seedbed preparation fertilising is finished, ridging, row spacing 35-40cm, and on the ridge overlay film.Two distance between the ridges, i.e. furrow width 30-35cm.Sowing wheat in the ditch, line-spacing 15-20cm, the amount of broadcasting 150-225kg/ha.With row spacing 35cm; Described two distance between the ridges, i.e. ditch bandwidth reservation 30cm; The described wheat of in ditch, sowing, line-spacing 20cm, seeding quantity is that 150kg/ha is best.In the time of infertility of wheat growth, keep the soil surface ribbon to cover, do not take off film; Behind the harvesting wheat, stalk is all gone back the field, covers in the ranks.Can accomplish so fully to admit precipitation not busy season in summer, and protect and hold in soil, wheat effective surface evaporation that reduces in season reduces the invalid loss of soil moisture.
Adopt this ridge to cover the trench sowing technology, (execute nitrogen 138kg/ha, phosphorus (P subtracting nitrogen 13%
2O
5) 105kg/ha), the nitrogenous fertilizer base chases after under the condition than 6: 4 or 7: 3, output is 5520kg/ha (moisture 14%), with the flat work of peasant household's routine, overlay film, " one bombards " cultivation fertilizer practice are not compared, and can increase production 40～41%.If can with the machinery support of light letter, this technology can play an important role to the non-irrigated plateau wheat increase yield in Weihe north.Row spacing of the present invention, distance between the ridges, line-spacing, seeding quantity and wheat seedbed preparation basal dressing be as long as in described scope, and be little to increasing production 40～41% influential effect; But exceeding described scope will be subjected to the influence of each condition self and influence output.
Claims (4)
1. trench sowing cultivation and fertilizer practice are covered in winter wheat ridge, a nonirrigated farmland, it is characterized in that this technology comprises the following step:
1) at wheat seedbed preparation basal dressing: according to native testing test result, because of the soil fertility level difference, mu nitrogen fertilizer application (purity nitrogen) 120-150 kilogram/hectare, phosphorus (P
2O
5) 90-120 kilogram/hectare, potassium (K
2O) 60-75 kilogram/hectare;
2) ridging after site preparation and fertilization is finished, row spacing 35-40cm, and on the ridge, cover the white plastic film;
3) two distance between the ridges, i.e. ditch bandwidth reservation 30-35cm;
4) in ditch, sow wheat, line-spacing 15-20cm, seeding quantity is 150-225kg/ha;
5) in the time of infertility of wheat growth, do not take off film, keep soil surface ribbon film to cover;
6) spring soil begin to thaw, before wheat begins to turn green, in the ranks ditching in wheat imposes nitrogenous fertilizer 30-45 kilogram/hectare, in time harrows a kind of farm tools after topdressing;
7) behind the harvesting wheat, the plastic film that covers on the ridge keeps, and stalk is all gone back the field, is covered in the inter-drain of ridge, is used to promote the precipitation infiltration in summer, reduces the soil water evaporation loss.
2. cover trench sowing cultivation and fertilizer practice according to winter wheat ridge, the described nonirrigated farmland of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described row spacing 35cm; Described two distance between the ridges, i.e. ditch bandwidth reservation 30cm; The described wheat of in ditch, sowing, line-spacing 20cm, seeding quantity is 150kg/ha.
3. cover trench sowing cultivation and fertilizer practice according to claim 1 or winter wheat ridge, 2 described nonirrigated farmland, it is characterized in that: the base of described nitrogenous fertilizer chases after than 6: 4 or 7: 3.
4. cover trench sowing cultivation and fertilizer practice according to winter wheat ridge, the described nonirrigated farmland of claim 3, it is characterized in that: described white plastic film is common agricultural white plastic film.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910254609A CN101803514A (en) | 2009-12-30 | 2009-12-30 | Ridge-covering and trench-sowing cultivation and fertilization technology of dryland winter wheat |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910254609A CN101803514A (en) | 2009-12-30 | 2009-12-30 | Ridge-covering and trench-sowing cultivation and fertilization technology of dryland winter wheat |
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|---|---|
| CN101803514A true CN101803514A (en) | 2010-08-18 |
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ID=42605602
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910254609A Pending CN101803514A (en) | 2009-12-30 | 2009-12-30 | Ridge-covering and trench-sowing cultivation and fertilization technology of dryland winter wheat |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102696374A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2012-10-03 | 杨祁峰 | Annual mulching film full coverage old film peeling and new film replacing fertilization and seeding integral method for dry farming regions |
| CN103314764A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-09-25 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Furrow, film, ridge and straw combined type mulching cultivation method for crops |
| CN103392469A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-11-20 | 青岛农业大学 | Water-saving and high-yield cultivation method for dry land wheat |
| CN103493674A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-08 | 河北农业大学 | High-yield cultivation method for increasing grains per spike and grain weight of winter wheat and making winter wheat ripen in advance |
| CN104186156A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2014-12-10 | 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所 | Winter wheat high-yield cultivation fertilizing method considering environment capacity in moisture soil region of north Henan province |
| CN104919962A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-09-23 | 石河子大学 | Fertilizing method of trickle irrigation wheat |
| CN106489508A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-03-15 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Winter wheat water-fertilizer integral water-saving fertilizer-saving Efficient Cultivation regulates and controls method |
| CN106717949A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-31 | 庆阳敦博科技发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of the no-tillage drought resisting cold-resistant of Winter Wheat in Rainfed |
| CN108718955A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-11-02 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | A kind of areas Liang Shu are according to moisture in the soil seeding and fertilizing dry land wheat Highly effective cultural method |
| CN109122129A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-04 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of winter wheat convex-concave implantation methods |
| CN111937695A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-17 | 宁夏农林科学院固原分院 | Winter wheat late-sowing yield-increasing cultivation method in rain-fed area |
-
2009
- 2009-12-30 CN CN200910254609A patent/CN101803514A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102696374A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2012-10-03 | 杨祁峰 | Annual mulching film full coverage old film peeling and new film replacing fertilization and seeding integral method for dry farming regions |
| CN103392469A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-11-20 | 青岛农业大学 | Water-saving and high-yield cultivation method for dry land wheat |
| CN103314764B (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2015-06-17 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Furrow, film, ridge and straw combined type mulching cultivation method for crops |
| CN103314764A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-09-25 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Furrow, film, ridge and straw combined type mulching cultivation method for crops |
| CN103493674A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-08 | 河北农业大学 | High-yield cultivation method for increasing grains per spike and grain weight of winter wheat and making winter wheat ripen in advance |
| CN103493674B (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-10-15 | 河北农业大学 | High-yield cultivation method for increasing grains per spike and grain weight of winter wheat and making winter wheat ripen in advance |
| CN104186156A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2014-12-10 | 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所 | Winter wheat high-yield cultivation fertilizing method considering environment capacity in moisture soil region of north Henan province |
| CN104186156B (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2016-06-08 | 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所 | Take into account the Yu Bei moisture soil district winter wheat high-yield culturing fertilizing method of environmental capacity |
| CN104919962A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-09-23 | 石河子大学 | Fertilizing method of trickle irrigation wheat |
| CN106489508A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-03-15 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Winter wheat water-fertilizer integral water-saving fertilizer-saving Efficient Cultivation regulates and controls method |
| CN106717949A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-31 | 庆阳敦博科技发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of the no-tillage drought resisting cold-resistant of Winter Wheat in Rainfed |
| CN108718955A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-11-02 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | A kind of areas Liang Shu are according to moisture in the soil seeding and fertilizing dry land wheat Highly effective cultural method |
| CN109122129A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-04 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of winter wheat convex-concave implantation methods |
| CN111937695A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-17 | 宁夏农林科学院固原分院 | Winter wheat late-sowing yield-increasing cultivation method in rain-fed area |
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Open date: 20100818 |