CN101715681B - Fertilizer applying method for improving tea garden soil aqueous vapor fertilizer environment - Google Patents
Fertilizer applying method for improving tea garden soil aqueous vapor fertilizer environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN101715681B CN101715681B CN2009101549053A CN200910154905A CN101715681B CN 101715681 B CN101715681 B CN 101715681B CN 2009101549053 A CN2009101549053 A CN 2009101549053A CN 200910154905 A CN200910154905 A CN 200910154905A CN 101715681 B CN101715681 B CN 101715681B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 title description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 235000009024 Ceanothus sanguineus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 240000003553 Leptospermum scoparium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000195940 Bryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000299452 Gouania lupuloides Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000292 Gouania lupuloides Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020567 organic tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a tea garden fertilizer applying method and aims to provide a fertilizer applying method for improving the tea garden soil aqueous vapor fertilizer environment. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) digging substrate grooves with the lengths of 30-60cm, the widths of 20-40cm and the depths of 50-80cm in the positions among tea tree lines or plants every 150-200cm and uniformly distributing the substrate grooves between the line and the line alternately; and (2) filling fermented organic substrates into the substrate grooves and then covering garden soil with the thickness of 5-8cm so that the surface of the garden soil is leveled with the ambient earth surface. The invention is beneficial to deepening an effective soil layer and improving the soil fertility and the soil structure; the substrate grooves are earthworm sources and are beneficial to improving the soil fertility and the soil ventilation; organic matters are more intensively applied to one side of a tea tree relatively, and the proportion of an absorbing root system and a transportation root system is proper, thereby being beneficial to improving the yield and the quality of tea; and the invention can improve the water content of the slope tea garden deep soil and the water retaining capacity of the soil and promote the downward growth of the root system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to tea place fertilising operational method, specially refer to a kind of fertilizing method that improves the fertile environment of tea garden soil aqueous vapor.
Technical background
The tea tree high yield is the result of many-sided combined factors effect, tea garden soil is the basis of tree plant cultivation, and mutual coordination degree directly influences bearing status and the tea yield of tea tree between the level of fertility factors such as tea garden soil Zhong Shui, fertilizer, gas, heat and each fertility factor thereof.Therefore, improving the tea garden soil environment is important problems in the tea tree high-yield cultivating.At present, China's low yield tea place area is big, and farming is extensive, and soil organic matter content is on the low side, chemical fertilizer application is excessive, organic-inorganic nutrient imbalance, and soil compaction is serious, acidification trend increases the weight of, and causes tea garden soil sustainable use characteristic variation etc., is the main cause that has a strong impact on tea yield and quality.Increase the effective measures that organic substrate content in the soil is considered to improve tea garden soil.But because fertilization mode continues to use traditional ditch spread always, enrich, the deep placement fertilizer relatively wastes time and energy, that has limited fertilizer enriches and enriches effect in a large number.So content of organic matter situation on the low side in the change tea garden soil should be considered the quality of applying fertilizer mode and fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that a kind of fertilizing method that improves the fertile environment of tea garden soil aqueous vapor is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the fertilizing method that improves the fertile environment of tea garden soil aqueous vapor provided by the invention comprises the steps:
(1) tea tree in the ranks or between strain every the position of 150～200cm distance, excavate out length and width, be respectively the substrate grooves of 30～60cm, 20～40cm, 50～80cm deeply, substrate grooves is expert at and is in the ranks alternately evenly distributed;
(2) organic substrate that ferments is filled in the substrate grooves, covers the thick rural area soil of 5～8cm then, make the rural area soil surface concordant with the face of land around it.
The structure of substrate grooves can be because of the difference of tea place physical features, and is slightly variant.Substrate grooves is excavated when the slope, and its bottom has a gradient identical with the hillside fields, after filling organic substrate during earthing, make the rural area soil surface have with its around the consistent gradient in the face of land.Add in the substrate grooves bottom and set up groove, help to solve sloping fields tea garden deep layer root system water supply problem along bevel direction.
Among the present invention, the preparation method of described organic substrate is:
With straw, the peat composed of rotten mosses, feces of livestock and poultry 2: 1: 1 by volume, the leavening that adds 1/10000 weight then mixed, and composting made spontaneous fermentation 10～15 days, regularly turned over Sai 3～5 times; Regulate making C/N ratio between 25～30 before the composting, the pH value is in 5.0～6.5 scopes, and moisture remains on 55～60%.Regularly turn over Sai, can guarantee oxygen abundance in the organic substrate, quicken microbial activities.
Among the present invention, also comprise the step that imposes inorganic fertilizer:
Inorganic fertilizer is made into the aqueous solution of 0.3～1.0% mass concentration; Throw off the rural area soil on substrate grooves top layer, then the inorganic fertilizer aqueous solution is evenly watered on the organic substrate, be covered with rural area soil again.When tea tree is topdressed inorganic fertilizer is dosed in the substrate grooves, pouring water in conjunction with the later stage to make fertilizer slowly be evenly distributed to around the root system.Realized that organic and inorganic fertilizer is rationally joined and executed, and it is easy and simple to handle to topdress, improve fertilization effect.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Tea tree is a perennial plant, and its root system is far-reaching, and the content of organic matter that increases effective soil layer thickness and deep soil is most important for the growth of tea tree.The present invention is applied in the production of tea place by cultivation mode that organic substrate is ventilated, and changes the methods of traditional applying fertilizer, improves fertilising efficient; For the tea tree earthworm provides the suitable growth environment, improve the fertile environment of aqueous vapor of soil, and the balance of improving the soil structure and realizing organic and inorganic fertilizer joins and executes, for output, quality and the organic tea production that improves tealeaves lays the foundation.
(1) the present invention executes in the tea place with the form of the substrate grooves organic substrate that will ferment, because of it has loose, air capacity of soils is good, good penetrability, and the water holding water retention capacity is strong, pathogen is few, microorganism is abundant, and characteristics such as content of organic matter height help deepening effective soil horizon, increase soil fertility the structure of improving the soil.
(2) the present invention's organic substrate that will ferment is executed in the substrate grooves on tea tree next door, and the fermentation organic substrate of this kind straw peat composed of rotten mosses is beneficial to a large amount of generations of earthworm, is about 55～80/m
2So substrate grooves is again the earthworm source, help increasing soil fertility, improve soil aeration.
(3) the present invention executes a side tea tree with what organic matter was relatively concentrated, and that tea root has regeneration capacity is strong, to fertilizer to wet characteristics to the little growth of resistance, can make and cover with a large amount of white root hairs in the substrate grooves, make that the ratio that absorbs root system and transportation root system is suitable, help improving the yield and quality of tealeaves.
(4) the present invention executes in the tea place with the form of the substrate grooves organic substrate that will ferment, and can improve the water content of sloping fields tea garden deep soil and the water retention capacity of soil, promotes root system to grow downwards.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the substrate grooves on the level land;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the substrate grooves of slope.
Embodiment
Example 1:
(1) preparation organic substrate: with straw, the peat composed of rotten mosses, fowl poultry kind ight soil 2: 1: 1 by volume, the leavening that adds 1/10000 weight mixed, spontaneous fermentation.Fermentation reactor system is 10 days then, regularly turns over Sai 3 times; Regulate making C/N ratio 25 before the composting, the pH value is 5, and moisture remains on 55%.The fertilizer leavening product that this leavening can select for use Shouguang Fu Erde agro-ecology Science and Technology Ltd. to produce.
(2) fertilising:
Tea tree in the ranks or between strain every the position of 150cm distance, excavate out length and width, be the substrate grooves of 30cm * 20cm * 50cm deeply that substrate grooves is expert at and is alternately evenly distributed in the ranks; The organic substrate that ferments is filled in the substrate grooves, covers the thick rural area soil of 5cm then, and concordant with the face of land.
(3) impose inorganic fertilizer:
Inorganic fertilizer is made into the aqueous solution of 0.3% concentration; Throw off the rural area soil on substrate grooves top layer, then the inorganic fertilizer aqueous solution is evenly watered on the organic substrate, be covered with rural area soil again.
Example 2:
(1) preparation organic substrate:, add leavening (1/10000) and mix spontaneous fermentation with straw, the peat composed of rotten mosses, fowl poultry kind ight soil 2: 1: 1 by volume.Fermentation reactor system is 13 days then, regularly turns over Sai 4 times; Regulate making C/N ratio 28 before the composting, the pH value is 5.5, and moisture remains on 58%.
(2) fertilising:
The tea tree of slope in the ranks or between strain every the position of 180cm distance, excavate out length and width, be the substrate grooves of 40cm * 30cm * 60cm deeply that substrate grooves is expert at and is alternately evenly distributed in the ranks.The bottom of substrate grooves is the inclined-plane, sets up groove in the substrate grooves bottom along bevel direction.The organic substrate that ferments is filled in the substrate grooves, covers the thick rural area soil of 6.5cm then, make the rural area soil surface have with its around the consistent gradient in the face of land.
(3) impose inorganic fertilizer:
Inorganic fertilizer is made into the aqueous solution of 0.6% concentration; Throw off the rural area soil on substrate grooves top layer, then the inorganic fertilizer aqueous solution is evenly watered on the organic substrate, be covered with rural area soil again.
Example 3:
(1) preparation organic substrate:, add leavening (1/10000) and mix spontaneous fermentation with straw, the peat composed of rotten mosses, expanded pig manure 2: 1: 1 by volume.Fermentation reactor system is 15 days then, regularly turns over Sai 5 times; Regulate making C/N ratio 30 before the composting, the pH value is 6.5, and moisture remains on 60%.
(2) fertilising:
Tea tree in the ranks or between strain every the position of 200cm distance, excavate out length and width, be the substrate grooves of 60cm * 40cm * 80cm deeply that substrate grooves is expert at and is alternately evenly distributed in the ranks; The organic substrate that ferments is filled in the substrate grooves, covers the thick rural area soil of 8cm then, and concordant with the face of land.
(3) impose inorganic fertilizer:
Inorganic fertilizer is made into the aqueous solution of 1.0% concentration; Throw off the rural area soil on substrate grooves top layer, then the inorganic fertilizer aqueous solution is evenly watered on the organic substrate, be covered with rural area soil again.
Claims (5)
1. a fertilizing method that improves the fertile environment of tea garden soil aqueous vapor comprises the steps:
(1) tea tree in the ranks or between strain every the position of 150～200cm distance, excavate out length and width, be respectively the substrate grooves of 30～60cm, 20～40cm, 50～80cm deeply, substrate grooves is expert at and is in the ranks alternately evenly distributed;
(2) organic substrate that ferments is filled in the substrate grooves, covers the thick rural area soil of 5～8cm then, make the rural area soil surface concordant with the face of land around it.
2. according to the described fertilizing method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described substrate grooves is excavated in the slope, its bottom has a gradient identical with the hillside fields, after filling organic substrate during earthing, make the rural area soil surface have with its around the consistent gradient in the face of land.
3. according to the described fertilizing method of claim 2, it is characterized in that, set up groove along bevel direction in the substrate grooves bottom.
4. according to the described fertilizing method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the preparation method of described organic substrate is:
With straw, the peat composed of rotten mosses, feces of livestock and poultry 2: 1: 1 by volume, the leavening that adds 1/10000 weight then mixed, and composting made spontaneous fermentation 10～15 days, regularly tedded 3～5 times; Regulate making C/N ratio between 25～30 before the composting, the pH value is in 5.0～6.5 scopes, and moisture remains on 55～60%.
5. according to the described fertilizing method of claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise the step that imposes inorganic fertilizer:
Inorganic fertilizer is made into the aqueous solution of 0.3～1.0% mass concentration; Throw off the rural area soil on substrate grooves top layer, then the inorganic fertilizer aqueous solution is evenly watered on the organic substrate, be covered with rural area soil again.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009101549053A CN101715681B (en) | 2009-11-26 | 2009-11-26 | Fertilizer applying method for improving tea garden soil aqueous vapor fertilizer environment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009101549053A CN101715681B (en) | 2009-11-26 | 2009-11-26 | Fertilizer applying method for improving tea garden soil aqueous vapor fertilizer environment |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101715681A CN101715681A (en) | 2010-06-02 |
| CN101715681B true CN101715681B (en) | 2011-04-27 |
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| CN102084748A (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2011-06-08 | 李光明 | Method for applying farming fertilizer liquid to fruit trees |
| CN103348929B (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2015-06-10 | 江苏茗苑茶叶科技开发有限公司 | Tea garden cultivation system |
| CN104663182A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2015-06-03 | 庞群 | Soil improvement method for planting maize in tea field |
| CN103641611B (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2015-12-02 | 湖南省安化黑茶工程研究中心有限公司 | Tealeaves seedling fringe breeds nutraceutical matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN104541914B (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2017-02-08 | 安徽兰兮工程技术开发有限公司 | Insect damage prevention type tea planting method |
| CN104885675A (en) * | 2015-06-13 | 2015-09-09 | 王娟 | Embedded bio-fertilizer box for vernicia fordii |
| CN104885677A (en) * | 2015-06-13 | 2015-09-09 | 王娟 | Buried type biofertilizer box for soapberry tree |
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| CN107750559B (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2020-08-07 | 镇巴县兴顺农牧业有限责任公司 | Method for improving tea planting soil |
| CN108651180B (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2020-03-31 | 浙江农林大学 | Ecological cultivation technology for promoting fast growth of newly-built bamboo forest |
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