CN108377688A - A kind of seedling planting method in alkaline land - Google Patents

A kind of seedling planting method in alkaline land Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108377688A
CN108377688A CN201810208559.1A CN201810208559A CN108377688A CN 108377688 A CN108377688 A CN 108377688A CN 201810208559 A CN201810208559 A CN 201810208559A CN 108377688 A CN108377688 A CN 108377688A
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China
Prior art keywords
soil
laid
plantation hole
alkaline
aquifer
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Application number
CN201810208559.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨慧侠
黄曼利
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Huaibei Da Chi Electric Technology Co Ltd
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Huaibei Da Chi Electric Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810208559.1A priority Critical patent/CN108377688A/en
Publication of CN108377688A publication Critical patent/CN108377688A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80Soil conditioners

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of seedling planting method in alkaline land, S1:Excavate plantation hole;S2:It is laid with aquifer in the bottom of the plantation hole;S3:It is laid with saline and alkaline separation layer;S4:It is laid with aquifer;S5:It is laid with nutrition soil layer;S6:Backfill planting soil;S7:Plant nursery stock not only makes mushroom residue can be used as full of nutrition, quick release matrix using mushroom residue as one of primary raw material, also acts as industrialization distribution and applies the organic fertilizer of throwing;Mushroom residue is not only used as fertile part by it, is also used it as the heap excrement additive of compost starting stage addition, is improved the nutrients release and cultivation effect of compost fermentation;The saline and alkaline separation layer of the crater wall and bottom that are laid on plantation hole can be isolated or slow down in the harmful substances intrusion plantation hole such as saline and alkaline, be conducive to nursery stock normal growth.After the moisture in planting soil constantly evaporates, the water stored in aquifer is conveyed upwards into planting soil by filtering infiltration layer, to prevent nursery stock arid.

Description

A kind of seedling planting method in alkaline land
Technical field
The present invention relates to seedling growth organic fertilizer technical field more particularly to a kind of seedling planting method in alkaline land.
Background technology
Basic soil includes solonchak, salty soils, alkaline earth and alkali-affected soil, is formed and is developed under the conditions of certain environment , influence factor is the most prominent with weather, landform, geology, the hydrology and hydrogeology and biology.In addition, along with the mankind couple The development of cause and the improper utilization of the mankind are especially irrigated in the utilization in soil, oneself causes the hydrology and hydrogeology is disliked Change, soil forming process is caused to develop to the direction for being unfavorable for the mankind.Because of salt content and height, arid and flooded stain in salt affected soil And deposit, the content of organic matter is low, and soil physical and chemical property is poor, and cushion performance is poor, and retain water and nutrients power is low, negative and positive harmful to plant growth Ion is more, is unfavorable for the growth and development of crops, and fertility and low bearing capacity.
Due to the presence of excessive exchangeable sodium in the accumulation of a large amount of salt in salt affected soil, especially soil, easily cause The deterioration structure of soil physical property is viscous, and aeration is poor, and unit weight is high, and soil temperature rises slow, aerobic microorganism activity in soil Property is poor, and water release is slow, and infiltration coefficient is low, and capillarity is strong, more results in the aggravation of surface soil salinization.
The survival rate of planting plants is generally all very low in salt-soda soil, thus drastically influences the agriculture and forestry production in China.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to solve disadvantages existing in the prior art, and a kind of salt-soda soil seedling growth proposed Method and its manufacture craft.
To achieve the goals above, present invention employs following technical solutions:
A kind of seedling planting method in alkaline land, includes the following steps:
S1:Excavate plantation hole;
S2:It is laid with aquifer in the bottom of the plantation hole, the aquifer is the metalling that thickness is 15-25cm, so Planting soil is laid on aquifer afterwards, the pH value of the planting soil is 6.5-7.8, and salt content is less than 0.2%.
S3:It is laid with saline and alkaline separation layer:After completing step S2, salt can be isolated by being laid in the crater wall of the plantation hole and bottom The isolated material of alkali invasion, is used in combination the wooden stick of 5-10cm long that isolated material is fixed in the crater wall of plantation hole;
S4:It is laid with aquifer:After completing step S3, it is laid with filter infiltration layer in the bottom of the plantation hole, the filter infiltration layer is Thickness is the clinker or agricultural crop straw of 20-30cm;
S5:It is laid with nutrition soil layer:After complete after step S4, anchor a tent foster soil layer on the filter infiltration layer upper berth, the nutrition soil layer Thickness is 30-40cm;
S6:Backfill planting soil:Into plantation hole, planting soil of the backfill suitable for seedling growth, the ph values of the planting soil are 6.5-7.8, salt content are less than 0.2%, be first filled to the upper surface of planting soil at the top of plantation hole with a distance from for the entire plantation Cheat the 1/5~1/3 of depth, fill saturating with water later, then second of backfill planting soil, until the upper surface of the planting soil with it is described Earth's surface is concordant;
S7:Transplant nursery stock:Mid or late March transplants nursery stock into the plantation hole, and it is saturating to pour first pass on the day of transplanting nursery stock Water, poured after three days second time it is permeable, pour within the tenth day third all over permeable.
Preferably, the isolated material in the step S2 is non-woven fabrics, careless grid or degradation plastic cloth.
Preferably, the nutrition soil layer in the step S5 includes 2-5 parts of ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 9-13, puritan filler 7-10 parts of potassic-magnesian fertilizer, 15-20 parts of matured compost, 13-20 parts of straw, 5-9 parts of mushroom slag burden and the fluffy soil of quality 30-37 parts, the production method of the nutrition soil layer includes the following steps:
a:Mushroom slag burden is prepared, and bio-fermentation agent is added thereto, is then stirred evenly, implements aerobic fermentation, makes Generation mycelia after stack and anaerobic fermentation is to decomposed, obtain mixture B;
b:Straw is taken, and straw is crushed to 100-200 mesh, is then added that leaf mould, chicken manure, alkali is fluffy and stone Cream powder obtains material heap, material heap is placed in outdoor heatable adobe sleeping platform after stirring evenly, and seals heatable adobe sleeping platform using plastic film and send out Matured compost is obtained after ferment;
c:Mixture A will be obtained after ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and puritan filler potassic-magnesian fertilizer mixing;
d:Mixture A and mixture B are put into the heatable adobe sleeping platform in b so that mixture A, mixture B and matured compost turn over It is even;
e:It is uniformly mixed after adding quality fluffy soil and organic bond into d, obtains organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the weight of the organic bond accounts for the 1-10% of the mixture weight, and machine fertilizer is wrapped in modeling Expect in valve bag, the bottom in plastics valve bag is then made uniform material spilling hole using sharp object, and by plastics valve bag In middle embedment seedling growth heatable adobe sleeping platform.
Preferably, the water content control of the matured compost is between 30-50% weight ratios, the fluffy soil of the quality Water content control between 20-30% weight ratios.
Preferably, the planting soil is derived from the sun soil within the earth's surface 35-45cm of strange land.
A kind of seedling planting method in alkaline land provided by the invention and its manufacture craft, leaf mould are plant leafs in soil The middle Nutrition Soil formed after microorganism decomposition is fermented.Matured compost is light loose, and permeable venting capability is good, and retain water and nutrients Ability is strong, and fertility duration is longer;A variety of nutrition are supplemented, and advantageously reduce soil liquid concentration, are mitigated due to applying chemical fertilizer And cause it is saline and alkaline cause harm, improve the situation that pH and various nutrient elements lack;Using mushroom residue as one of primary raw material, not only make Mushroom residue can be used as full of nutrition, quick release matrix, also acts as industrialization distribution and applies the organic fertilizer of throwing;It is not only Mushroom residue is used as fertile part, the heap excrement additive of compost starting stage addition is also used it as, improves the nutrient of compost fermentation Release and cultivation effect;Saline and alkaline Deng nuisances can be isolated or be slowed down to the saline and alkaline separation layer of the crater wall and bottom that are laid on plantation hole Matter invades in plantation hole, is conducive to nursery stock normal growth.After being poured nursery stock with a large amount of water or being rained heavily, extra water can With from planting soil through filter infiltration layer and under be seeped into aquifer and stored, play the role of prevention waterlogging to nursery stock;When the moisture in planting soil After constantly evaporating, the water stored in aquifer is conveyed upwards into planting soil by filtering infiltration layer, to prevent nursery stock arid.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, to this Invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, not For limiting the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of seedling planting method in alkaline land, includes the following steps:
S1:Excavate plantation hole;
S2:It is laid with aquifer in the bottom of the plantation hole, the aquifer is the metalling that thickness is 15cm, is then existed Planting soil is laid on aquifer, the pH value of the planting soil is 6.5-7.8, and salt content is less than 0.2%.
S3:It is laid with saline and alkaline separation layer:After completing step S2, salt can be isolated by being laid in the crater wall of the plantation hole and bottom The isolated material of alkali invasion, is used in combination the wooden stick of 5-10cm long that isolated material is fixed in the crater wall of plantation hole;
S4:It is laid with aquifer:After completing step S3, it is laid with filter infiltration layer in the bottom of the plantation hole, the filter infiltration layer is Thickness is the clinker or agricultural crop straw of 20cm;
S5:It is laid with nutrition soil layer:After complete after step S4, anchor a tent foster soil layer on the filter infiltration layer upper berth, the nutrition soil layer Thickness is 40cm;
S6:Backfill planting soil:Into plantation hole, planting soil of the backfill suitable for seedling growth, the ph values of the planting soil are 6.5-7.8, salt content are less than 0.2%, be first filled to the upper surface of planting soil at the top of plantation hole with a distance from for the entire plantation Cheat the 1/5~1/3 of depth, fill saturating with water later, then second of backfill planting soil, until the upper surface of the planting soil with it is described Earth's surface is concordant;
S7:Transplant nursery stock:Mid or late March transplants nursery stock into the plantation hole, and it is saturating to pour first pass on the day of transplanting nursery stock Water, poured after three days second time it is permeable, pour within the tenth day third all over permeable.
Isolated material in the step S2 is non-woven fabrics, careless grid or degradation plastic cloth;Battalion in the step S5 Foster soil layer include 5 parts of ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 9,10 parts of puritan filler potassic-magnesian fertilizer, 20 parts of matured compost, 20 parts of straw, 9 parts of mushroom slag burden and 37 parts fluffy of soil of quality, the production method of the nutrition soil layer include the following steps:
a:Mushroom slag burden is prepared, and bio-fermentation agent is added thereto, is then stirred evenly, implements aerobic fermentation, makes Generation mycelia after stack and anaerobic fermentation is to decomposed, obtain mixture B;
b:Straw is taken, and straw is crushed to 200 mesh, is then added that leaf mould, chicken manure, alkali is fluffy and gypsum Powder is obtained material heap, material heap is placed in outdoor heatable adobe sleeping platform, and be sealed by fermentation heatable adobe sleeping platform using plastic film after stirring evenly After obtain matured compost;
c:Mixture A will be obtained after ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and puritan filler potassic-magnesian fertilizer mixing;
d:Mixture A and mixture B are put into the heatable adobe sleeping platform in b so that mixture A, mixture B and matured compost turn over It is even;
e:It is uniformly mixed after adding quality fluffy soil and organic bond into d, obtains organic fertilizer;
The weight of the organic bond accounts for the 5% of the mixture weight, and machine fertilizer is wrapped in plastics valve bag, Then uniform material spilling hole is made in the bottom in plastics valve bag using sharp object, and nursery stock kind will be embedded in plastics valve bag It plants in heatable adobe sleeping platform;The water content control of the matured compost is between 30% weight ratio, the water content of the fluffy soil of the quality Control is between 20% weight ratio;The planting soil is derived from the sun soil within the earth's surface 35-45cm of strange land.
When saline and alkaline excessive in soil, salt damage will be formed, influences the normal growth of plant.It is saline and alkaline that two kinds can be caused to plant Harm:First, toxic action will change the structure and work(of cell membrane when plant absorption is into more sodium ion or chlorion Can, it will ultimately result in Plant death;Second is that improving the osmotic pressure of soil, resistance is caused to the absorption of plant roots, is made Difficulty occurs for plant water suction, cell dehydration, plant wilting occurs, finally results in Plant death.
Saline Land is a global problem of facing mankind, and there is the wetland with saline-alkaline of large area in China, main point Cloth is in the North China Plain, Northeast plain, Northwest inland area and coastal region.The survival rate of planting plants is generally all very in salt-soda soil It is low, thus drastically influence the agriculture and forestry production in China.
A kind of seedling planting method in alkaline land provided by the invention and its manufacture craft, it is ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, natural Potash magnesium sulphate fertilizer can not only supplement a variety of nutrition in this way, but also advantageously reduce soil liquid concentration, mitigate due to application chemical fertilizer and Cause it is saline and alkaline cause harm, improve the situation that pH and various nutrient elements lack.Leaf mould is plant leaf in the soil by micro- The Nutrition Soil formed after biological decomposition fermentation.Matured compost is light loose, and permeable venting capability is good, and retain water and nutrients ability is strong, Fertility duration is longer;Concrete dynamic modulus, chronic administration is not hardened, is easily absorbed by plants.It is mixed with other soil, soil can be improved, It increases soil fertility;Rich in organic matter, humic acid and a small amount of vitamin, auxin, trace element etc., the growth of plant can be promoted Development;Using mushroom residue as one of primary raw material, so that mushroom residue is can be used as full of nutrition, quick release matrix, also can be used Make industrialization distribution and applies the organic fertilizer of throwing;Mushroom residue is not only used as fertile part by it, is also used it as the compost starting stage and is added The heap excrement additive added, improves the nutrients release and cultivation effect of compost fermentation;It is laid on crater wall and the bottom of plantation hole Saline and alkaline separation layer can be isolated or slow down in the harmful substances intrusion plantation hole such as saline and alkaline, be conducive to nursery stock normal growth.When with big After the water of amount pours nursery stock or rained heavily, extra water can from planting soil through filter infiltration layer and under be seeped into aquifer and deposited Storage, plays the role of prevention waterlogging to nursery stock;After the moisture in planting soil constantly evaporates, the water stored in aquifer is by filtering infiltration layer And it is conveyed upwards into planting soil, to prevent nursery stock arid.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, Any one skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of seedling planting method in alkaline land, it is characterised in that:Include the following steps:
S1:Excavate plantation hole;
S2:It is laid with aquifer in the bottom of the plantation hole, the aquifer is the metalling that thickness is 15-25cm, is then existed Planting soil is laid on aquifer, the pH value of the planting soil is 6.5-7.8, and salt content is less than 0.2%.
S3:It is laid with saline and alkaline separation layer:After completing step S2, the crater wall of the plantation hole and bottom be laid with can be isolated it is saline and alkaline enter The isolated material invaded is used in combination the wooden stick of 5-10cm long that isolated material is fixed in the crater wall of plantation hole;
S4:It is laid with aquifer:After completing step S3, it is laid with filter infiltration layer in the bottom of the plantation hole, the filter infiltration layer is thickness For the clinker or agricultural crop straw of 20-30cm;
S5:It is laid with nutrition soil layer:After complete after step S4, anchor a tent foster soil layer on the filter infiltration layer upper berth, the nutrition soil thickness For 30-40cm;
S6:Backfill planting soil:The ph values of planting soil of the backfill suitable for seedling growth into plantation hole, the planting soil are 6.5- 7.8, salt content is less than 0.2%, be first filled to the upper surface of planting soil at the top of plantation hole with a distance from for the entire plantation hole it is deep The 1/5~1/3 of degree fills saturating with water later, then second of backfill planting soil, until the upper surface of the planting soil and the earth's surface Concordantly;
S7:Transplant nursery stock:Mid or late March transplants nursery stock into the plantation hole, and it is permeable to pour first pass on the day of transplanting nursery stock, Poured after three days second time it is permeable, pour within the tenth day third all over permeable.
2. a kind of seedling planting method in alkaline land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Isolation in the step S2 Material is non-woven fabrics, careless grid or degradation plastic cloth.
3. a kind of seedling planting method in alkaline land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Nutrition in the step S5 Soil layer includes 2-5 parts of ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 9-13,7-10 parts of puritan filler potassic-magnesian fertilizer, 15-20 parts of matured compost, plant 13-20 parts of stalk, 5-9 parts of mushroom slag burden and fluffy 30-37 parts of the soil of quality, the production method of the nutrition soil layer include Following steps:
a:Mushroom slag burden is prepared, and bio-fermentation agent is added thereto, is then stirred evenly, implements aerobic fermentation, is allowed to produce It is stacked after raw mycelia and anaerobic fermentation is to decomposed, obtain mixture B;
b:Straw is taken, and straw is crushed to 100-200 mesh, is then added that leaf mould, chicken manure, alkali is fluffy and gypsum Powder is obtained material heap, material heap is placed in outdoor heatable adobe sleeping platform, and be sealed by fermentation heatable adobe sleeping platform using plastic film after stirring evenly After obtain matured compost;
c:Mixture A will be obtained after ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and puritan filler potassic-magnesian fertilizer mixing;
d:Mixture A and mixture B are put into the heatable adobe sleeping platform in b so that mixture A, mixture B and matured compost turn over even;
e:It is uniformly mixed after adding quality fluffy soil and organic bond into d, obtains organic fertilizer.
4. a kind of seedling planting method in alkaline land according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:The weight of the organic bond Amount accounts for the 1-10% of the mixture weight, and machine fertilizer is wrapped in plastics valve bag, then use sharp object by plastics from Uniform material spilling hole is made in bottom in envelope, and will be embedded in seedling growth heatable adobe sleeping platform in plastics valve bag.
5. a kind of seedling planting method in alkaline land according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:The matured compost it is aqueous Amount control is between 30-50% weight ratios, and the water content control of the fluffy soil of the quality is between 20-30% weight ratios.
6. a kind of seedling planting method in alkaline land according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The planting soil is derived from strange land Sun soil within earth's surface 35-45cm.
CN201810208559.1A 2018-03-14 2018-03-14 A kind of seedling planting method in alkaline land Withdrawn CN108377688A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112913369A (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-06-08 东北农业大学 Method for preventing and controlling alkalization of sunshine greenhouse planting soil salt
CN113330979A (en) * 2021-06-29 2021-09-03 攀枝花市农林科学研究院 Mango planting method by improving planting soil environment
CN115280930A (en) * 2022-09-01 2022-11-04 山西农业大学 Planting method for improving and utilizing mild and moderate saline-alkali soil
CN115968728A (en) * 2023-03-20 2023-04-18 潍坊科技学院 Method for planting taste-type tomatoes in saline-alkali soil

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112913369A (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-06-08 东北农业大学 Method for preventing and controlling alkalization of sunshine greenhouse planting soil salt
CN113330979A (en) * 2021-06-29 2021-09-03 攀枝花市农林科学研究院 Mango planting method by improving planting soil environment
CN115280930A (en) * 2022-09-01 2022-11-04 山西农业大学 Planting method for improving and utilizing mild and moderate saline-alkali soil
CN115968728A (en) * 2023-03-20 2023-04-18 潍坊科技学院 Method for planting taste-type tomatoes in saline-alkali soil

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Application publication date: 20180810