CN101697696B - Arborvitae wax-sealing double-tongue grafting seedling raising process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an arborvitae wax-sealing double-tongue grafting seedling raising process. In the process, a container seedling in reserved bed seedlings or transplant seedlings of arborvitae is adopted as a stock, a 2 to 3 year-old twig with robust growth, plump buds and no plant diseases or insect pests is adopted as a scion, a problem that the scion is easy to lose water is solved by the wax-sealing technology, and a problem of enlarging grafting combination area is solved by the double tongue grafting technology. By adopting the method, the arborvitae grafting seedling raising can be directly carried out in field, corresponding seedling raising procedures are simplified, the cost is low, the seedling raising is quick and the survival rate is high. The method can solve the problem of quick propagation of good provenance, family, clone and good single seedling of the arborvitae.

Description

Arborvitae wax-sealing double-tongue grafting seedling raising process

Technical field

The invention belongs to the graft seedling growth technical field in the woody plant cultivating seedlings, particularly a kind of technical matters about the arborvitae wax-sealing double-tongue grafting graft seedling growth.

Background technology

Arbor-vitae (Platycladus orientalis) belongs to Cupressaceae, and Platycladus is aiphyllium.Because it has good resistance and adaptability, so not only extensive use in afforestation still is the pioneer tree species of China's green barren hill simultaneously.In China, North gets the Inner Mongol, Jilin, reach Guangdong and the north, Guangxi in the south, can see the tame footprint of arbor-vitae everywhere.As a kind of seeds of widely applying aborning, arbor-vitae is grown seedlings adopts the seed seedling-raising methods more, though also relevant for the report of graft seedling growth, but conventional methods such as generally having only cleft grafting, be abutted against, bag connects, and obviously exist following deficiency at home and abroad in the arbor-vitae graft seedling growth of having reported: (1) must carry out grafting in greenhouse and booth, environmental condition is required high, the expense height of protection Facilities Construction is not easy to promote; (2) scion is non-seals with wax, and very easily causes death because of rising dehydration; (3) when operation earlier will grafting in booth, carries out the land for growing field crops then and transplants, and adds grafting part and requires to carry out at the base portion of stock, and operational sequence is many and complicated, thereby has increased the cost of grafting.The problems referred to above have limited the production application of arbor-vitae grafting to a certain extent.Up to the present, yet there are no and do not use the measure of shading, directly carry out in the land for growing field crops, adopt simultaneously seal with wax scion and two whip graft technology to carry out the method report of high-servival rate grafting arbor-vitae seedling, the present invention proposes under such technical background.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is, the phenomenon of, scion easy dehydration death loaded down with trivial details at the operation that exists in the arbor-vitae grafting, for reducing transpiration, improving the survival rate of grafting, propose the complete arbor-vitae graft seedling growth technology of a cover, simplify working process, guarantee to survive and directly carry out the purpose that the arbor-vitae grafting is cultivated realizing big Tanaka.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:

(1) select the intact 2-3 of terminal bud to give birth to the arbor-vitae of growing directly from seeds and do graft stock, selected stock is the container seedling in reserved bed seedling or the transplant, before connecing is poured water in plot or container, carries out grafting again after allowing stock suction moisture content;

(2) before the grafting with stock at 5-50cm place, distance ground transversely truncation, clip is wanted smoothly forbid to tear epidermis, and is simultaneously that grafting is standby with the strip that plastic foil is cut into wide 2cm, long 30cm;

(3) scion is selected and is handled, select robust growth, full, the no damage by disease and insect of bud, branch to do scion for the branch that 2-5 gives birth to age, during grafting with using with adopting, adopt bar before germinateing spring, adopt bar length 30-50cm, put into immediately after adopting transport back in the cloth bag that soaks standby, each scion all will keep the branch of squama then of 2-3 long 3-5cm, clip the scale leaf on branch top, scion length is controlled at 5-10cm, and rugosity is controlled at 0.3-1.0cm;

(4) adopt the thermostatic water-bath method scion of sealing with wax, service speed wants fast when sealing with wax, and can not surpass 1-2 second at every turn, and the scion of sealing just can be preserved standby after fully cooling completely;

(5) grafting method adopts two whip graft graftings, by cut stock, cut scion, grafting and four processes of plastic foil bar colligation finish;

(6) in time carry out field management after the grafting, regularly remove the coppice shoot on the stock, and in time separate and tie up.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

(1), thereby solved the problem of the easy dehydration death of scion owing to adopted the technology of sealing with wax.

(2) two tongue graftings have effectively increased the bonded area of scion and stock, help surviving after the connecing of nursery stock.

(3) conventional art will carry out in greenhouse or booth, and environmental condition is required height, the expense height of protection Facilities Construction, and present technique can be carried out in the land for growing field crops, the corresponding seedling cost that reduced.

It is easy, with low cost to utilize said method directly to carry out cultivating survival rate height, the facility of arbor-vitae grafting in the land for growing field crops, for enrich process that arbor-vitae grows seedlings, particularly for the fast breeding of arbor-vitae fine provenance, family, clone and fine individual plant and promote significant.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

In the period of 2007-2009, in Tai'an, Shandong, adopt the 2-5 of 75 arbor-vitae provenances that former mountain forest field 1985 collects from the whole nation to give birth to branch and be scion, the arbor-vitae that gives birth to the 2-3 container seedling of growing directly from seeds is a stock, two tongue grafting graftings of sealing with wax in mid-March.2007-2009 amounts to grafting 5630 strains, and the statistics survival rate is 95%.Arbor-vitae improved seeds two whip graft graft technology implementation steps of sealing with wax are as follows:

1. grafting preparation

The grafting tool of preparing has: bundle special plastic film is tied up in scion grafting cutter, single-edge blade, shrub and hedge trimmer, trim saw, Hydra plastic sack, bucket and grafting.It is wide plastic foil to be cut into before the grafting 2cm, and the strip of long 30cm is standby.During grafting scion is placed in the plastic sack of preserving moisture, with transferring with getting.To be poured water in the plot before the grafting, make stock suction moisture content, can improve the survival rate of grafting like this.Grafting knife, shrub and hedge trimmer etc. is sharpened, and the bevel of cutting out is smooth, and this is particularly important to improving survival rate.

2. the selection of stock and processing

Adopt the 2-3 of the harm of anosis worm, the robust growth arbor-vitae of growing directly from seeds to do graft stock.Used stock all is the container seedling in reserved bed seedling or the transplant.Before the grafting, at 5-50cm place, distance ground transversely truncation, it is level and smooth that clip is wanted, and forbids to tear epidermis, standby with stock.

3. scion is selected and is handled

Scion is selected from 75 speed life, high-quality, disease-resistant worm, stable arbor-vitae select tree or clones of growth in the arbor-vitae provenance, branch is given birth to for 2-5 age, during grafting with using with adopting, adopt bar before germinateing spring, adopt bar length 30-50cm, put into immediately after adopting transport back in the cloth bag that soaks standby, each scion keeps the branch of squama then of 2-3 long 3-5cm when intercepting, remove the scale leaf on branch top, scion length is controlled at 5-10cm, and rugosity is controlled at 0.3-1.0cm.

4. the scion of sealing with wax

To the arbor-vitae scion of sealing with wax is one of main feature of this invention.Scion is because the protection of wax layer reduces dehydration, and then the raising survival rate.Saved loaded down with trivial details operation such as bagging in scion simultaneously.Thermostatic water-bath method is adopted in the scion of sealing with wax, and makes the temperature of paraffin remain on 70-80 ℃, and dip in the transparent wax layer of last layer in scion.Specific practice is:

(1) paraffin pan adds water.Approximately add water 1kg-5kg in paraffin pan, paraffin pan replaces with common aluminum pot.

(2) add wax.After adding water, then in water, put into a 1000ml beaker, subsequently wax is joined in the beaker.

(3) heat.Water, wax add good after, switch on or make a fire and heat, treat the wax off-bottom in the beaker after, the wax temperature is adjusted to 70-80 ℃ just can handle scion.

(4) scion of sealing with wax.In order to prevent that scion is sticked together, each hand is taken scion 3-5, and the end with scion dips in wax fast earlier, again the other end is dipped in wax fast, and guarantee that whole scion is as the criterion by the whole sealings of paraffin, it is fast that service speed is wanted, can not surpass 1-2 second, in case scion is scalded at every turn.For the scion of sealing with wax, must cooling completely fully, it is standby to preserve.

Rule of thumb, do the scion of sealing with wax well, must be noted that following some: the one, the scion of sealing with wax must be gathered before rudiment; The 2nd, wax liquid temperature will remain between 70-80 ℃, and temperature is crossed when hanging down, and scion wax layer is blocked up to come off easily, when temperature is too high, dips in and scalds scion in the wax process easily; The 3rd, dip in the wax process action and want rapidly, with the anti-scald scion; The 4th, adopt the paraffin of suitable model, the present invention recommends to adopt semi-refined paraffin wax, trade mark 56#, fusing point 56-58 (℃), solid.

5. grafting time

In Tai'an, Shandong, mid-March to early April is carried out grafting (can consult and carry out in other areas).

6. grafting method

Adopt two whip graft graftings, this grafting heals soon after having grafting, characteristics such as survival rate is high, growth is rapid, wind resistance.Its operating process is as follows:

(1) cut stock: select cutter under the smooth place of stock, bevel width and scion bevel are wide for well, but two sides healing like this, and healing is soon, the surface of a wound is little, grow normally.Following cutter once is whittled into from bottom to top, and chamfer length 5cm returns partial application at the 1/5-2/5 place, inclined-plane of cutting, and dark 1.5-2.5cm forms two ligules, returns cutter and must guard against and tear epidermis and cambial cell, therefore requires the sharp and cutter of cutter to approach.

(2) cut scion: hold the scion upper end, at cutter under lower end 5cm place, once be whittled into, return partial application at the 1/5-2/5 place, inclined-plane of cutting, dark 1.5-2.5cm forms two ligules, and other is with the cutting of stock.Different is because scion is sealed with wax, therefore forbids to push in the scion transportation, holds the wax layer that will protect in scion and the operating process in the scion, guards against the wax pull-up and falls.

(3) grafting: stock is inserted in scion, make two tongues handing-over together, the bosom of the insertion stock that one or both sides alignment, scion will be tightly engages and closely gets final product, but scion top will have 0.5cm " to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally ".

(4) colligation: tie up bundle special plastic film bar with the grafting that cuts, tightly wrap anvil fringe joint portion from bottom to top gradually, what twine is tight more good more, otch is not exposed at outside the plastic foil.Tightly the binding site that pinches scion and stock on the other hand during winding, on the other hand with bandage tightly be wound into interface, two hand close fit.The ground floor bandage is not gathered to return behind the top and is bonded to that the knotting of original place, bottom is fixing to get final product.Return and suitably exert oneself when tying up, guarantee that stock and scion engage closely.

7. the field management after the grafting

The nursery stock of spring grafting generally began kryptoblast and sprouts after 15-25 days, survive after about 30-40 days.Owing to be the growth of terminal bud and side shoot only, do not need special management, but will regularly remove the coppice shoot on the stock after the arbor-vitae grafting then.Soil management is carried out according to conventional method.Separating the time of tying up is then 10-11 month.

Whether the present invention is not limited to above embodiment, so long as adopted key technologies such as the scion of sealing with wax, two whip grafts in the arbor-vitae grafting, no matter cooperate to shade measure, all will fall within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. arborvitae wax-sealing double-tongue grafting seedling raising process, this technology comprises the step of following order:

(1) select the intact 2-3 of terminal bud to give birth to the arbor-vitae of growing directly from seeds and do graft stock, selected stock is the container seedling in reserved bed seedling or the transplant, before the grafting is poured water in plot or container, carries out grafting again after allowing stock suction moisture content;

(2) before the grafting with stock at 5-50cm place, distance ground transversely truncation, clip is wanted smoothly forbid to tear epidermis, and is simultaneously that grafting is standby with the strip that plastic foil is cut into wide 2cm, long 30cm;

(3) scion is selected and is handled, select robust growth, full, the no damage by disease and insect of bud, branch is done scion for the branch that 2-5 gives birth to age, with adopting with usefulness, adopts bar before germinateing spring during grafting, adopt bar length 30-50cm, put into immediately after adopting and transport back standbyly in the cloth bag that soaks, each scion all will keep the branch of squama then of 2-3 long 3-5cm, clips the scale leaf on branch top, scion length is controlled at 5-10cm, and rugosity is controlled at 0.3-1.0cm;

(4) adopt the thermostatic water-bath method scion of sealing with wax, wax liquid temperature remains between 70-80 ℃ when sealing with wax, and service speed wants fast when sealing with wax, and can not surpass for 2 seconds at every turn, and the scion of sealing just can be preserved standby after fully cooling completely;

(5) grafting method adopts two whip graft graftings, by cut stock, cut scion, grafting and four processes of plastic foil bar colligation finish;

(6) in time carry out field management after the grafting, regularly remove the coppice shoot on the stock, and in time separate and tie up.

2. a kind of arborvitae wax-sealing double-tongue grafting seedling raising process according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the time of tying up of separating of described step (6) is grafting 10-11 month then.