CN101647382A - Lily culture medium prepared from straws or wheat stalks - Google Patents
Lily culture medium prepared from straws or wheat stalks Download PDFInfo
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- CN101647382A CN101647382A CN200910092649A CN200910092649A CN101647382A CN 101647382 A CN101647382 A CN 101647382A CN 200910092649 A CN200910092649 A CN 200910092649A CN 200910092649 A CN200910092649 A CN 200910092649A CN 101647382 A CN101647382 A CN 101647382A
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Abstract
The invention provides a lily culture medium prepared from straws or wheat stalks. The culture medium is prepared by mixing straws or wheat stalks, perlite, vermiculite, grass carbon and the like according to a certain volume ratio. The culture medium improves the physical and chemical property of the original single medium, has the advantages of wide resources of single component, convenient material obtainment and low cost, uses the straws or wheat stalks to solve the problem that a large quantity of nonrenewable medium-grass carbon is used in prior flower production, reduces the productioncost on the premise of ensuring the lily cut quality, and has obvious social benefit, economic benefit and environment ecological benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture organic matter recycling, be specifically related to the utilization of agriculture organic matter straw or straw at flowers cut-flower production field.
Background technology
Lily (Lilium spp.) has another name called the lily garlic, sieve that rubs, in meet flower, Zhongting etc.; it is the fall planting flowering bulb of Liliaceae (Liliaceae) lilium (Lilium); but its kind ball warp excess temperature is handled breaking dormancy, but utilizes the protection ground cultivation anniversary to produce, and the four seasons are for flower.
Lily is favored by the people of various countries with its flower appearance gracefulness, rich color, becomes the outstanding person in International Flower market.More with the fine implied meaning of its " life-long happiness and perfect harmony ", and liked fast development in China's industry of flowers and plants in recent years by Chinese people.National cut-flower cultivated area reached 33777.5 hectares by 2007, and wherein the cultivated area of flower lily is 4716.7 hectares, and annual turnover reaches 7818.56 ten thousand, is only second to modern Chinese rose and chrysanthemum, ranks third.
Main employing soilless culture during lily cut flowers is produced both at home and abroad at present, and soilless culture substrate to select the peat composed of rotten mosses usually be the matrix principal component, be equipped with other 2-3 kind matrix mixed preparing simultaneously and use, the physicochemical character of mixed-matrix obviously is better than single-matrix, more helps the growth of lily cut flowers.
The peat composed of rotten mosses has another name called peat, is the product in the growth course of marsh, is formed at the Quaternary Period, and by the residual body of limnocryptophyte, under the anaerobic condition of many water, constantly accumulation transforms the natural organic substrate that forms.The peat composed of rotten mosses contains large quantity of moisture and the plant residue that is not thoroughly decomposed, humus and a part of mineral matter.Be brown or pitchy under field conditions (factors), be rich in organic matter and humus, fibre structure has loose porously, and ventilating permeable is good, and it is strong to store moisture and nutrient ability, good characteristics such as stable in properties.But, this in soilless culture substrate most widely used general matrix--the peat composed of rotten mosses, belong to non-renewable resources, quantity is fewer and feweri, price constantly raises, many countries have limited use.Seek a kind of cheaply, the reproducible peat composed of rotten mosses of environmental protection substitutes the generally attention that matrix is subjected to countries in the world.
China is large agricultural country, the output of various agricultural waste materials is huge, especially the wheat straw in the straw of paddy fields and wheat planting district, also have various other wheat platymiscium stalks, as oat stalk, barley stalk etc., their total part is to contain great number of organic matters and nitrogen, potassium element, but discarded in a large number for a long time, is not effectively utilized.
For overcoming above defective, the inventor is through a series of test, find that a large amount of straw and the straw resources in rural area has very big potentiality to be exploited, can substitute the peat composed of rotten mosses and be used for soilless culture of flowers, realize straw and straw resource, not only reduce the harm that crop straw burning causes environment, reduced greenhouse gases and noxious gas emission, and the crop waste resource is used in exploitation, it also is the important channel of increasing farmers' income, build resource-conserving and friendly environment society for accelerating, have crucial meaning.And the inventor is according to the growth characteristics of lily, produces on the basis of cut-flower quality in investigation lily cut flowers production and institute, with the partly alternative peat composed of rotten mosses of stalk, and is used with other matrix, develops a kind of cultivation matrix that is applicable to the cultivation lily.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cultivation matrix.
Cultivation matrix of the present invention comprises agricultural wastes straw or straw.
Cultivation matrix of the present invention also comprises perlite, vermiculite and the peat composed of rotten mosses;
Wherein, the volume ratio of straw or straw, perlite, vermiculite and the peat composed of rotten mosses is 1.5～2.5: 1.5～2.5: 0.5～1.5: 4.5～5.5; Preferred 2: 2: 1: 5.
Described straw is that wheat, barley, oat etc. are by plucking the stem stalk that stays after the threshing, preferably wheat stem stalk.
Described perlite, vermiculite and the peat composed of rotten mosses are this area preparation cultivation matrix material commonly used, get commercially available getting final product, and wherein, perlite need be removed floating dust impurity wherein;
The preparation method of cultivation matrix of the present invention is: straw or straw are pulverized or cut, floating dust is removed in the perlite flushing, getting volume ratio is 1.5～2.5: 1.5～2.5: 0.5～1.5: 4.5～5.5 straw or straw, perlite, vermiculite and the peat composed of rotten mosses, mix getting final product.
Wherein, preferably the particle that diameter is 0.1-5cm, the more preferably particle of 0.1-3cm are pulverized or cut into to straw or straw.
The good physical and chemical properties of the cultivation matrix of preparation can be used for cultivating various flowers, experimental results show that to be highly suitable for cultivating lily.
Cultivation matrix of the present invention is applied to cultivate lily cut flowers, in the process of lily culture and the cut-flower product gathered the back sample investigation morphological index of lily, physical signs and cut-flower quality.Compare with the conventional substrate of present lily cut flowers production, the cultivation matrix of this invention can satisfy the requirement that lily cut flowers grows, the cut-flower that produces flower shape complete, flower is full, petal does not have deformity; Pattern is pure, bright-coloured to have gloss, varietal characteristic is remarkable; Scape is straight and upright, strong, flexible; Flower branch compactness; Blade bright green, glossy, be evenly distributed, do not have the chlorisis blade, blade face cleaning, smooth does not have dried point or burnt leaf; Analysis result proves that matrix of the present invention is applicable to the cultivation lily.
Lily culture medium of the present invention utilizes straw or straw to replace the part peat composed of rotten mosses, realized the recycling of agricultural wastes straw or straw, the grain growing area of China mainly can be divided into paddy fields and wheat planting district, like this, the straw of main food growing area or straw can be recycled, wide material sources; Simultaneously cheap, the preparation method is simple, quantities is little, technology maturation, each component need not to wait by fermentation pre-treatment, only straw or straw are pulverized, other components are optionally simply washed, can come into operation after mixing in proportion then, and physicochemical property is good, is highly suitable for the cultivation of lily.
The present invention has made full use of agricultural wastes straw or straw, because straw or straw wide material sources, the easy making process of drawing materials is for application of the present invention is laid a good foundation; Along with the development and use of traditional soil-less culture mediums such as the peat composed of rotten mosses are restricted, mixed-matrixes such as straw or straw are used for the production of lily cut flowers, reduced the use of the peat composed of rotten mosses to a great extent, effectively developed agricultural wastes, reduced the cut-flower production cost; While small investment of the present invention, quantities is little, and administrative skill is less demanding, is a kind of ecotypic agricultural wastes resource application technology, has good social benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefit, has broad application prospects in lily cut flowers production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is preferred each composition composition diagram of cultivation matrix of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the particle size distribution figure of the cultivation matrix of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Fig. 3 is the plant height result of the test in the vegetative period of the invention process example 4.(lily ' Suo Bang ' plant height growing state contrast in invention matrix and contrast matrix, transverse axis: all numbers of cultivation, plant 3 thoughtful kind back 11 weeks (3w-11w) of back; The longitudinal axis: plant height, the cm of unit).
Fig. 4 is the length variations result of first bud of plant base portion of the invention process example 4.(lily ' Suo Bang ' bud length contrast in invention matrix and contrast matrix, transverse axis: all numbers of cultivation, plant 7 thoughtful kind back 11 weeks (7w-11w) of back; The longitudinal axis: bud length, the mm of unit).
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
The preparation of lily culture medium of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:
The lily culture medium that with the dose volume is 10L is an example, and each one-component straw, perlite, vermiculite and the peat composed of rotten mosses are 2: 2: 1 according to volume ratio: 5 mix successively.Select for use simultaneously to produce and go up habitual cultivation matrix (7 peats composed of rotten mosses: (CK) 3 perlites) in contrast.
(1) measures the 2L straw; (pulverizing is cut to the particle diameter of 2cm)
(2) measure 2L perlite (big particle diameter through flowing water flushing floating dust, is positioned over the ventilation and dries);
(3) measure 1L vermiculite (middle particle diameter);
(4) measure the 5L peat composed of rotten mosses;
(5) above-mentioned each one-component is fully mixed, standby.
Need special pointing out, each one-component the phenomenon that cumulative volume descends can occur in the process of mixing; In addition, the matrix sedimentation of will watering is before use watered simultaneously and can also be reduced the temperature of matrix.This just requires to consider to increase by 30% volume in preparation matrix.
Water the formulated nutrient solution of the macroelement, trace element and the molysite that use in the MS medium process for preparation altogether 5 times in the process of cultivation, carry out in conjunction with watering, concentration is that 2% (CK also adopts identical processing.)
The physical property of the cultivation matrix of preparation is as shown in table 1:
The physical property of table 1 cultivation matrix
Its chemical property is shown in Table 2:
The chemical property of table 2 cultivation matrix
Embodiment 2
The preparation of lily culture medium of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:
The lily culture medium that with the dose volume is 10.5L is an example, each one-component straw, perlite, vermiculite and the peat composed of rotten mosses, and according to volume ratio 2.5: 2: 1.5: 4.5 mixed successively.Select for use simultaneously to produce and go up habitual cultivation matrix (7 peats composed of rotten mosses: (CK) 3 perlites) in contrast.
(1) measures the 2.5L straw; (pulverizing is cut to the particle diameter of 0.5cm);
(2) measure 2L perlite (big particle diameter through flowing water flushing floating dust, is positioned over the ventilation and dries);
(3) measure 1.5L vermiculite (middle particle diameter);
(4) measure the 4.5L peat composed of rotten mosses;
(5) above-mentioned each one-component is fully mixed, standby.
The size distribution of the cultivation matrix of preparation as shown in Figure 2.
Need special pointing out, each one-component the phenomenon that cumulative volume descends can occur in the process of mixing; In addition, the matrix sedimentation of will watering is before use watered simultaneously and can also be reduced the temperature of matrix.This just requires to consider to increase by 30% volume in preparation matrix.
Embodiment 3
The preparation of lily culture medium of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:
The lily culture medium that with the dose volume is 9L is an example, each one-component barley-straw, perlite, vermiculite and the peat composed of rotten mosses.
(1) measures the 1.5L barley-straw; (pulverizing is cut to the particle diameter of 2cm);
(2) measure 1.5L perlite (big particle diameter through flowing water flushing floating dust, is positioned over the ventilation and dries);
(3) measure 1.5L vermiculite (middle particle diameter);
(4) measure the 4.5L peat composed of rotten mosses;
(5) above-mentioned each one-component is fully mixed, standby.
Need special pointing out, each one-component the phenomenon that cumulative volume descends can occur in the process of mixing; In addition, the matrix sedimentation of will watering is before use watered simultaneously and can also be reduced the temperature of matrix.This just requires to consider to increase by 30% volume in preparation matrix.
Embodiment 4
Cultivation matrix with embodiment 1 preparation is used for the cultivation of lily cut flowers, selects for use simultaneously to produce and goes up habitual cultivation matrix (7 peats composed of rotten mosses: (CK) 3 perlites) in contrast.
Under identical condition, cultivate lily ' Suo Bang ' (greenhouse by solar heat, unanimities such as liquid manure and Routine Management).The morphological features such as quantity of the plant height of the plant of sampling follow-up investigation regularly, the number of blade, stem-root in the process of lily culture; Mensuration is adopted constituent contents such as N, P, K in the whole strain blade of the phase of cutting; And according to the quality of adopting trimscript standard (first petal of base portion fully develops the color and expand, but still hugs) Cai Qie and inquiry agency production cut-flower that is suitable for wholesale sale nearby.
In process of production, the plant height of the lily that obtains of different cultivation matrixes is seen Fig. 3 with the relation in cultivation stage; In the process of lily culture, the number of blade of the plant in plantation 7 weeks of back is: 33 of CK, 33 of invention matrix; In the whole cultivation stage, the plant height and the number of blade of the lily of control group and cultivation matrix of the present invention cultivation do not have marked difference.
The length variations value of first bud of lily plant base portion sees Table 3 and shown in Figure 4:
The length variations value of first bud of base portion in the table 3 cultivation process
| ??7w | ??8w | ??9w | ??10w | ??11w | |
| ??CK | ??16.87 | ??25.07 | ??36.01 | ??54.79 | ??94.82 |
| Invention matrix | ??15.91 | ??25.74 | ??38.53 | ??55.61 | ??93.40 |
Annotate: the mm of unit, all numbers after the w kind is planted
As seen, the cultivation matrix of the present invention process of growth that can be lily provides good nutritional support.
The phase of cutting of adopting to lily is investigated, and N, the P in the whole strain blade (removal petiole), the content of K are shown in Table 4:
Table 4 is adopted N, P, the K content of cutting the phase blade
| Full nitrogen (%) | Full phosphorus (%) | Full potassium (%) | |
| ??CK | ??3.38 | ??0.12 | ??0.91 |
| Invention matrix | ??3.70 | ??0.13 | ??0.90 |
Adopt the quantity of cutting the phase stem-root: the CK:148 bar; 176 of invention matrix.
The cut-flower quality: bottle is inserted CK:9.2 days life-span (each inflorescence has 3 Xiao Hua); Invention matrix: 9 days.
Compare with the conventional substrate of present lily cut flowers production, the composite interstitial substance of this invention can satisfy the requirement that lily cut flowers grows, the cut-flower that produces flower shape complete, flower is full, petal is without deformity; Pattern is pure, bright-coloured to have gloss, varietal characteristic is remarkable; Scape is straight and upright, strong, flexible; Flower branch is compact; The blade BG, glossy, be evenly distributed, without the chlorisis blade, blade face cleaning, smooth is without dried point or burnt leaf; Analysis result proof composite interstitial substance of the present invention is applicable to cultivate lily.
And the result shows that the lily cut flowers quality of selecting composite interstitial substance of the present invention to produce obviously be better than contrast, and the cost of matrix declines to a great extent.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of cultivation matrix is characterized in that, comprises straw or straw.
2, cultivation matrix as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cultivation matrix also comprises perlite, vermiculite and the peat composed of rotten mosses, and wherein the volume ratio of straw or straw, perlite, vermiculite, the peat composed of rotten mosses is 1.5～2.5: 1.5～2.5: 0.5～1.5: 4.5～5.5.
3, cultivation matrix as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the volume ratio of straw or straw, perlite, vermiculite, the peat composed of rotten mosses is 2: 2: 1 in the described cultivation matrix: 5.
As the arbitrary described cultivation matrix of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that 4, described straw is that wheat, barley, oat are by plucking the stem stalk that stays after the threshing, preferably wheat stem stalk.
As claim 2 or 3 described cultivation matrixes, it is characterized in that 5, described perlite is for removing the perlite of floating dust impurity wherein.
6, the preparation method of cultivation matrix as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, straw or straw are pulverized or cut, floating dust is removed in the perlite flushing, getting volume ratio is 1.5～2.5: 1.5～2.5: 0.5～1.5: 4.5～5.5 straw or straw, perlite, vermiculite and the peat composed of rotten mosses, mix getting final product.
7, preparation method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the particle that diameter is 0.1-5cm is pulverized or cut into to straw or straw, preferred 0.1-3cm.
8, preparation method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the volume ratio of described straw or straw, perlite, vermiculite, the peat composed of rotten mosses is 2: 2: 1: 5.
9, as the arbitrary described cultivation matrix of claim 1-5 in the application aspect the plant cultivation.
10, application as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, is used to cultivate lily.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910092649XA CN101647382B (en) | 2009-09-14 | 2009-09-14 | Lily culture medium prepared from straws or wheat stalks |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910092649XA CN101647382B (en) | 2009-09-14 | 2009-09-14 | Lily culture medium prepared from straws or wheat stalks |
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| CN101647382A true CN101647382A (en) | 2010-02-17 |
| CN101647382B CN101647382B (en) | 2011-06-01 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103907522A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-09 | 天津农学院 | Organic soilless culture medium formula and culture method for edible lily |
| CN105724214A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-07-06 | 朱业斌 | Longya lily culture medium and preparing method thereof |
| CN105993679A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-10-12 | 上海新园林实业有限公司 | Cultivation substrate suitable for high-rise building indoor greening plants, and preparation method thereof |
| CN106187427A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-07 | 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 | Silver fireworks spine container seedling plantation substrate and preparation method |
-
2009
- 2009-09-14 CN CN200910092649XA patent/CN101647382B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103907522A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-09 | 天津农学院 | Organic soilless culture medium formula and culture method for edible lily |
| CN103907522B (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2016-08-03 | 天津农学院 | A kind of edible lily organic soilless cultivation matrix formulations and cultural method |
| CN105724214A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-07-06 | 朱业斌 | Longya lily culture medium and preparing method thereof |
| CN105993679A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-10-12 | 上海新园林实业有限公司 | Cultivation substrate suitable for high-rise building indoor greening plants, and preparation method thereof |
| CN106187427A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-07 | 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 | Silver fireworks spine container seedling plantation substrate and preparation method |
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| CN101647382B (en) | 2011-06-01 |
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Granted publication date: 20110601 Termination date: 20110914 |