CN101622953A - Cultivating substrate - Google Patents
Cultivating substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN101622953A CN101622953A CN200910090032A CN200910090032A CN101622953A CN 101622953 A CN101622953 A CN 101622953A CN 200910090032 A CN200910090032 A CN 200910090032A CN 200910090032 A CN200910090032 A CN 200910090032A CN 101622953 A CN101622953 A CN 101622953A
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- lily
- perlite
- matrix
- vermiculite
- sand
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Abstract
The invention provides a lily cultivating substrate made of coconut residues. The cultivating substrate is prepared in such a way that coconut residues, sand, perlite, vermiculite, and the like are mixed according to a certain volume ratio. The composite substrate improves physicochemical properties of the prior single substrate, has wide sources of all single components, convenient material acquisition and low cost, fundamentally solves the problem of greatly using a nonrenewable substrate, namely turf in the current lily production, reduces the production cost on the premise of ensuring the quality of lily cut flowers and has obvious benefits of society, economy and environmental ecology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture organic matter recycling, be specifically related to of the utilization of agriculture organic matter coconut palm chaff at flowers cut-flower production field.
Background technology
Lily (Lilium spp.) has another name called the lily garlic, sieve that rubs, in meet flower, Zhongting etc.; it is the fall planting flowering bulb of Liliaceae (Liliaceae) lilium (Lilium); but its kind ball warp excess temperature is handled breaking dormancy, but utilizes the protection ground cultivation anniversary to produce, and the four seasons are for flower.
Lily is favored by the people of various countries with its flower appearance gracefulness, rich color, becomes the outstanding person in International Flower market.More with the fine implied meaning of its " life-long happiness and perfect harmony ", and liked fast development in China's industry of flowers and plants in recent years by Chinese people.National cut-flower cultivated area reached 33777.5 hectares by 2007, and wherein the cultivated area of flower lily is 4716.7 hectares, and annual turnover reaches 7818.56 ten thousand, is only second to modern Chinese rose and chrysanthemum, ranks third.
Main employing soilless culture during lily cut flowers is produced both at home and abroad at present, and soilless culture substrate to select the peat composed of rotten mosses usually be the matrix principal component, be equipped with other 2-3 kind matrix mixed preparing simultaneously and use, the physicochemical character of mixed-matrix obviously is better than single-matrix, more helps the growth of lily cut flowers.
The peat composed of rotten mosses has another name called peat, is the product in the growth course of marsh, is formed at the Quaternary Period, and by the residual body of limnocryptophyte, under the anaerobic condition of many water, constantly accumulation transforms the natural organic substrate that forms.The peat composed of rotten mosses contains large quantity of moisture and the plant residue that is not thoroughly decomposed, humus and a part of mineral matter.Be brown or pitchy under field conditions (factors), be rich in organic matter and humus, fibre structure has loose porously, and ventilating permeable is good, and it is strong to store moisture and nutrient ability, good characteristics such as stable in properties.But, this in soilless culture substrate most widely used general matrix---the peat composed of rotten mosses, belong to non-renewable resources, quantity is fewer and feweri, price constantly raises, many countries have limited use.Seek a kind of cheaply, the reproducible peat composed of rotten mosses of environmental protection substitutes the generally attention that matrix is subjected to countries in the world.
The coconut palm chaff is the cocoanut husk fiber dust, be a kind of under from cocoanut husk fiber process process, coming off can Natural Degradation, the organic substance of pure natural, because the coconut palm chaff has good moisture capacity and gas permeability, help plant absorbing nutrient and moisture, and easy to use, clean, be easy to transportation, therefore be widely used in improvement agricultural land soil structure, floriculture is cultivated seedling etc.
The coconut palm chaff aboundresources of China, by 2006, national coconut cultivated area reached 4.67 ten thousand hectares, wherein is distributed in Hainan Province more than 90%, produced 2.43 hundred million of coconut palm fruits per year.A large amount of by product coconut palm chaffs that can produce are thus gathered materials on the spot, and are cheap, by simple processing, promptly can be used to plant the flowers crop.
The present invention is according to the growth characteristics of lily, investigation lily cut flowers production and produce on the basis of cut-flower quality, with the substitute of coconut palm chaff, and be used with other matrix as the peat composed of rotten mosses, develop a kind of lily culture medium.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cultivation matrix.
Cultivation matrix of the present invention comprises agricultural wastes coconut palm chaff.
Cultivation matrix of the present invention also comprises sand, perlite and vermiculite;
Wherein, the volume ratio of coconut palm chaff and sand, perlite, vermiculite is 2.5～3.5: 2.5～3.5: 1.5～2.5: 1.5～2.5; Preferred 3: 3: 2: 2.
Described sand can adopt this area preparation cultivation matrix sand commonly used;
Described perlite, vermiculite are this area preparation cultivation matrix material commonly used, get commercially available perlite and vermiculite and get final product, and wherein, perlite need be removed dust impurity wherein;
The preparation method of cultivation matrix of the present invention is: get coconut palm chaff, sand, perlite and the vermiculite of above-mentioned volume ratio, perlite after dust is removed in flushing, is mixed getting final product.
The good physical and chemical properties of the cultivation matrix of preparation can be used for cultivating various flowers, and evidence is highly suitable for cultivating lily.
Cultivation matrix of the present invention is applied to cultivate lily cut flowers, in the process of lily culture and the cut-flower product gathered the back sample investigation morphological index of lily, physical signs and cut-flower quality.Compare with the conventional substrate of present lily cut flowers production, the composite interstitial substance of this invention can satisfy the requirement that lily cut flowers grows, the cut-flower that produces flower shape complete, flower is full, petal does not have deformity; Pattern is pure, bright-coloured to have gloss, varietal characteristic is remarkable; Scape is straight and upright, strong, flexible; Flower branch compactness; Blade bright green, glossy, be evenly distributed, do not have the chlorisis blade, blade face cleaning, smooth does not have dried point or burnt leaf; Analysis result proof composite interstitial substance of the present invention is applicable to the cultivation lily.
Lily culture medium of the present invention utilizes the coconut palm chaff to substitute the peat composed of rotten mosses, has realized the recycling of agricultural wastes coconut palm chaff; Each one-component wide material sources of while, cheap, the preparation method is simple, and quantities is little, technology maturation, each component need not to wait by fermentation pre-treatment, only through simple flushing, can come into operation after mixing in proportion then, and physicochemical property is good, is highly suitable for the cultivation of lily.
The present invention has made full use of agricultural wastes coconut palm chaff, because coconut palm chaff wide material sources, the easy making process of drawing materials is for application of the present invention is laid a good foundation; Along with the development and use of traditional soil-less culture mediums such as the peat composed of rotten mosses are restricted, mixed-matrixes such as coconut palm chaff are used for the production of lily cut flowers, reduced the use of the peat composed of rotten mosses to a great extent, effectively developed agricultural wastes, reduced the cut-flower production cost; The small investment that the present invention simultaneously promotes, quantities is little, and administrative skill is less demanding, is a kind of ecotypic agricultural wastes resource application technology, have good social benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefit, in lily cut flowers production, have broad application prospects.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is each composition composition diagram of cultivation matrix of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the particle diameter distribution map of the cultivation matrix of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Fig. 3 is the plant height result of the test in the vegetative period of the embodiment of the invention 4.(lily ' Suo Bang ' plant height growing state contrast in invention matrix and contrast matrix, transverse axis: all numbers of cultivation, plant 3 thoughtful kind back 11 weeks (3w-11w) of back; The longitudinal axis: plant height, the cm of unit).
Fig. 4 is the length variations of first bud of plant base portion of the embodiment of the invention 4.(lily ' Suo Bang ' bud length contrast in invention matrix and contrast matrix, transverse axis: all numbers of cultivation, plant 7 thoughtful kind back 11 weeks (7w-11w) of back; The longitudinal axis: bud length, the mm of unit).
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of lily culture medium of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:
The lily culture medium that with the dose volume is 10L is an example, and each one-component coconut palm chaff, sand, perlite and vermiculite were according to volume ratio 3: 3: 2: 2 mix successively.Select for use simultaneously to produce and go up habitual cultivation matrix (7 peats composed of rotten mosses: (CK) 3 perlites) in contrast.
(1) measures 3L coconut palm chaff;
(2) measure 3L sand (middle particle diameter);
(3) measure 2L perlite (big particle diameter through flowing water flushing dust, is positioned over the ventilation and dries);
(4) measure 2L vermiculite (middle particle diameter);
(5) above-mentioned each one-component is fully mixed, standby.
Need special pointing out, each one-component the phenomenon that cumulative volume descends can occur in the process of mixing; In addition, the matrix sedimentation of will watering is before use watered simultaneously and can also be reduced the temperature of matrix.This just requires to consider to increase by 30% volume in preparation matrix.
Water the formulated nutrient solution of macroelement, trace element and the molysite of MS altogether 5 times in the process of cultivation, carry out in conjunction with watering, concentration is that 2% (CK also adopts identical processing.)
The physical property of the cultivation matrix of preparation is as shown in table 1:
The physical property of table 1 cultivation matrix
Its chemical property is shown in Table 2:
The chemical property of table 2 cultivation matrix
Compare with existing cultivation matrix, though the unit weight of matrix of the present invention is bigger, but still it is required to satisfy the lily cut flowers growth, is highly suitable for various flower cultivation.
Embodiment 2
The preparation of lily culture medium of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:
The lily culture medium that with the dose volume is 9L is an example, and each one-component coconut palm chaff, sand, perlite and vermiculite were according to volume ratio 3.5: 2.5: 1.5: 1.5 mix successively.Select for use simultaneously and produce to go up the habitual cultivation matrix (peat composed of rotten mosses: the mixed-matrix of perlite=7: 3)
The particle diameter of used sand consists of:＜1mm accounts for 73.5%; 1～3mm accounts for 11.5%; 3～5mm accounts for 6%;＞5mm accounts for 9%.
Used perlitic particle diameter consists of:＜1mm accounts for 7%; 1～3mm accounts for 64%; 3～5mm accounts for 29%.
The particle diameter of used vermiculite consists of:＜1mm accounts for 72%; 1～3mm accounts for 28%.
(1) measures 3.5L coconut palm chaff;
(2) measure the 2.5L sand;
(3) measure 1.5L perlite (, be positioned over the ventilation and dry) through flowing water flushing dust;
(4) measure the 1.5L vermiculite;
(5) above-mentioned each one-component is fully mixed, standby.
The particle diameter of the cultivation matrix of preparation distributes as shown in Figure 2.
Need special pointing out, each one-component the phenomenon that cumulative volume descends can occur in the process of mixing; In addition, the matrix sedimentation of will watering is before use watered simultaneously and can also be reduced the temperature of matrix.This just requires to consider to increase by 30% volume in preparation matrix.
Embodiment 3
The preparation of lily culture medium of the present invention, concrete steps are as follows:
The lily culture medium that with the dose volume is 10L is an example, and each one-component coconut palm chaff, sand, perlite and vermiculite were according to volume ratio 2.5: 2.5: 2.5: 2.5 mix successively.
(1) measures 2.5L coconut palm chaff;
(2) measure 2.5L sand (middle particle diameter);
(3) measure 2.5L perlite (big particle diameter through flowing water flushing floating dust, is positioned over the ventilation and dries);
(4) measure 2.5L vermiculite (middle particle diameter);
(5) above-mentioned each one-component is fully mixed, standby.
Embodiment 4
Cultivation matrix with embodiment 1 preparation is used for the cultivation of lily cut flowers, selects for use simultaneously to produce and goes up the habitual cultivation matrix (peat composed of rotten mosses: the mixed-matrix of perlite=7: 3) (CK) in contrast.
Under identical condition, cultivate lily ' Suo Bang ' (greenhouse by solar heat, unanimities such as liquid manure and Routine Management).The morphological features such as quantity of the plant height of the plant of sampling follow-up investigation regularly, the number of blade, stem-root in the process of lily culture; Mensuration is adopted constituent contents such as N, P, K in the whole strain blade of the phase of cutting; And according to the quality of adopting trimscript standard (first petal of base portion fully develops the color and expand, but still hugs) Cai Qie and inquiry agency production cut-flower that is suitable for wholesale sale nearby.
In process of production, the plant height of the lily of being cultivated on the different substrates and the relation of vegetative stage are seen Fig. 3, though the initial stage plant height of control group lily is higher than invention matrix, but growth along with plant, the plant height of the lily of substrate culture of the present invention is higher than control group gradually, obviously, cultivation matrix of the present invention provides nutritional support preferably for the process of growth of lily.In the process of lily culture, the number of blade of the plant in plantation 7 weeks of back is: 33 of CK, and 35 of invention matrix, in the whole cultivation stage, the number of blade of the lily of control group and cultivation matrix of the present invention cultivation does not have marked difference.
The length variations value of first bud of lily plant base portion sees Table 3 and shown in Figure 4:
The length variations value of first bud of base portion in the table 3 cultivation process
Annotate: the mm of unit, all numbers that the w kind is planted
As seen, the cultivation matrix of the present invention process of growth that can be lily provides good nutritional support.
The phase of cutting of adopting to lily is investigated, and N, the P in the whole strain blade (removal petiole), the content of K are shown in Table 4:
Table 4 is adopted N, P, the K content of cutting the phase blade
Adopt the quantity of cutting the phase stem-root: the CK:148 bar; 154 of invention matrix.
The cut-flower quality: bottle is inserted CK:9.2 days life-span (with inflorescence 3 Xiao Hua being arranged is example); Invention matrix: 10.22 days.Obviously, the cut-flower quality cultivated of cultivation matrix of the present invention is better.
Compare with the conventional substrate of present lily cut flowers production, the composite interstitial substance of this invention can satisfy the requirement that lily cut flowers grows, the cut-flower that produces flower shape complete, flower is full, petal does not have deformity; Pattern is pure, bright-coloured to have gloss, varietal characteristic is remarkable; Scape is straight and upright, strong, flexible; Flower branch compactness; Blade bright green, glossy, be evenly distributed, do not have the chlorisis blade, blade face cleaning, smooth does not have dried point or burnt leaf; Analysis result proof composite interstitial substance of the present invention is applicable to the cultivation lily.
The result shows, the lily cut flowers quality of selecting for use composite interstitial substance of the present invention to produce obviously be better than contrast, and the cost of matrix declines to a great extent.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of cultivation matrix is characterized in that, comprises the coconut palm chaff.
2, cultivation matrix as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described cultivation matrix also comprises sand, perlite and vermiculite.
3, cultivation matrix as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the volume ratio of coconut palm chaff, sand, perlite, vermiculite is 2.5～3.5: 2.5～3.5 in the described cultivation matrix: 1.5～2.5: 1.5～2.5.
4, cultivation matrix as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the volume ratio of coconut palm chaff, sand, perlite, vermiculite is 3: 3: 2 in the described cultivation matrix: 2.
As claim 2 or 3 described cultivation matrixes, it is characterized in that 5, described perlite is to remove the wherein perlite of dust impurity.
6, as the preparation method of the arbitrary described cultivation matrix of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, get coconut palm chaff, sand, perlite and vermiculite, dust is removed in the perlite flushing, mix getting final product.
7, preparation method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the volume ratio of described coconut palm chaff, sand, perlite, vermiculite is 2.5～3.5: 2.5～3.5: 1.5～2.5: 1.5～2.5.
8, preparation method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the volume ratio of described coconut palm chaff, sand, perlite, vermiculite is 3: 3: 2: 2.
9, as the application of the arbitrary described cultivation matrix of claim 1-5.
10, application as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, is used to cultivate lily.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910090032A CN101622953A (en) | 2009-07-24 | 2009-07-24 | Cultivating substrate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910090032A CN101622953A (en) | 2009-07-24 | 2009-07-24 | Cultivating substrate |
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| CN101622953A true CN101622953A (en) | 2010-01-13 |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102090309A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-06-15 | 天津滨海国际花卉科技园区股份有限公司 | Cuttage culture medium of geranium |
| CN103708952A (en) * | 2013-12-21 | 2014-04-09 | 镇江兴农有机肥有限公司 | Vegetable culture medium |
| CN103814803A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-05-28 | 福建省亚热带植物研究所 | Light matrix bag type quick seedling culturing method for wax apples |
| CN103907522A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-09 | 天津农学院 | Organic soilless culture medium formula and culture method for edible lily |
| CN104025985A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-10 | 阳东绿康春农业科技有限公司 | Soilless culture substrate and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104663401A (en) * | 2015-02-28 | 2015-06-03 | 潘明奎 | Soilless culture substrate |
| CN105993679A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-10-12 | 上海新园林实业有限公司 | Cultivation substrate suitable for high-rise building indoor greening plants, and preparation method thereof |
| CN106069654A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-11-09 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | A kind of cultivation processing method of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. annual flower |
| CN106069655A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-11-09 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | A kind of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN109197486A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2019-01-15 | 云南鑫源花卉种植有限公司 | A kind of laurustinus cuttage and seedling culture method |
| CN110720389A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-01-24 | 荆楚理工学院 | Soilless culture method for miniature Chinese rose potted flowers |
| CN112273189A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-01-29 | 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Organic ecotype functional matrix, module and application |
| CN112956399A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-06-15 | 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司 | Petunia hybrida culture medium and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113207623A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-06 | 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司 | Red sage root cultivation medium and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114451254A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-10 | 东北林业大学 | Light-weight renewable chrysanthemum cultivation medium |
-
2009
- 2009-07-24 CN CN200910090032A patent/CN101622953A/en active Pending
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102090309A (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2011-06-15 | 天津滨海国际花卉科技园区股份有限公司 | Cuttage culture medium of geranium |
| CN103814803A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-05-28 | 福建省亚热带植物研究所 | Light matrix bag type quick seedling culturing method for wax apples |
| CN103708952A (en) * | 2013-12-21 | 2014-04-09 | 镇江兴农有机肥有限公司 | Vegetable culture medium |
| CN103708952B (en) * | 2013-12-21 | 2015-09-16 | 镇江兴农有机肥有限公司 | A kind of Vegetable culture medium |
| CN103907522A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-09 | 天津农学院 | Organic soilless culture medium formula and culture method for edible lily |
| CN103907522B (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2016-08-03 | 天津农学院 | A kind of edible lily organic soilless cultivation matrix formulations and cultural method |
| CN104025985A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-10 | 阳东绿康春农业科技有限公司 | Soilless culture substrate and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104663401A (en) * | 2015-02-28 | 2015-06-03 | 潘明奎 | Soilless culture substrate |
| CN105993679A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-10-12 | 上海新园林实业有限公司 | Cultivation substrate suitable for high-rise building indoor greening plants, and preparation method thereof |
| CN106069654A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-11-09 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | A kind of cultivation processing method of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. annual flower |
| CN106069655A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-11-09 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | A kind of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN106069654B (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2019-08-20 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | A kind of cultivation processing method of schlumbergera annual flower |
| CN109197486A (en) * | 2018-07-16 | 2019-01-15 | 云南鑫源花卉种植有限公司 | A kind of laurustinus cuttage and seedling culture method |
| CN110720389A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-01-24 | 荆楚理工学院 | Soilless culture method for miniature Chinese rose potted flowers |
| CN112273189A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-01-29 | 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Organic ecotype functional matrix, module and application |
| CN112956399A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-06-15 | 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司 | Petunia hybrida culture medium and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113207623A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-06 | 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司 | Red sage root cultivation medium and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114451254A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-05-10 | 东北林业大学 | Light-weight renewable chrysanthemum cultivation medium |
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Open date: 20100113 |