CN106069655A - A kind of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106069655A CN106069655A CN201610401908.2A CN201610401908A CN106069655A CN 106069655 A CN106069655 A CN 106069655A CN 201610401908 A CN201610401908 A CN 201610401908A CN 106069655 A CN106069655 A CN 106069655A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate, volume ratio be that the turfy soil of 12:5:1, coconut palm bran and river sand are constituted.The invention also discloses the preparation method of a kind of described Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate, comprise the steps: that turfy soil is unpacked by (1), compression blocks is smashed；(2) keeping flat in bucket by coconut palm block, injecting the volume of water in bucket is put into that coconut palm block is long-pending more than 6 times, makes coconut palm block swim on the water surface, overturning the positive and negative of coconut palm block after 15 minutes, after 30min, coconut palm block has thorough grasp water substantially, pulls out subsequently, smash, form coconut palm bran in bulk；(3) by unified to turfy soil, coconut palm bran and river sand with fixing receptacle map, 12:5:1 mixing, obtains product, for cuttage and the upper basin of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. by volume.Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate low cost of the present invention, cultivation effect are good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant cultivation, particularly relate to a kind of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. (Zygocactus trurncatus) originates in South America Brazil.Cactaceae, the raw meat for many years of Zygocactus
Matter ornamental plant.Owing to Zygocactus trurncatus from blooming is just as Christmas Day and New Year's Day, so west is " Christmas flower " also known as it.Its flower is gentle and demure
Graceful, if the gorgeous unconventional of light, bright and beautiful moving, liked by people especially and praised, becoming one of main potted flower of indoor in winter, be also
One of fine work annual flower that China is main.
Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plasticity is strong, both can do 9cm fast-growing little potted plant, and 12cm is medium potted plant, can make again 15cm fine work
Large-scale potted plant.Producing region is distributed mainly on Jiangsu-zhejiang Shanghai Area, Beijing, Tianjin, Xichang, Chengdu, Qingzhou, Jilin, Guangzhou, Kunming and good fortune at present
The ground such as build.Domestic annual output Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. finished product potted flower reaches more than 5,000,000 basins, and annual value of production crosses hundred million yuan.
In recent years, along with home gardening is rooted in the hearts of the people, little potted plant little kind emerges rapidly.External Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. seedling is in the world
Also occur in that soliciting for subscriptions mutually of the manufacturers such as the situation that supply falls short of demand, especially Europe, Japan, Korea S on market, enter China
The variety source in market is very limited.
From nearly 2 years potted flower consumption markets dynamically from the point of view of, the little kind potted flower seedling such as Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum., Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, Rieger Begonia
Sales volume sustainable growth, the appearance of Virtual production business also allows grower more focus on quality, and little kind is fade-in benign development track.
Multi items, many colour systems, the little kind of many specifications raise up against the market, and which reflects the trend in potted flower market, and specialized whole year production will
Become the development trend in potted flower market from now on.Develop more multi items and product type enriches market, meet multiple demand ability
The spring tide in potted flower market is established oneself in an unassailable position.
From the point of view of nearly 2 years market sale market, the competition between like product gradually turns to product quality from price war
Competition.Today of quality of the life is increasingly focused on, even if the commodity potted flower price of high-quality exceeds like product the most very people
It is welcome, even and if the potted flower product of the low summary of quality is sold off at a low price, also lie empty.Therefore the research and development of Key Cultivation Technology and product
The lifting of product quality receives much concern, and Key Cultivation Technology includes the preparation of cultivation matrix, the preparation of nutritional solution, cottage propagation, fertilizer
Multiple sport technique segment such as water management, florescence control, each sport technique segment is the most crucial, decides the quality of product quality.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide that a kind of to form the Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. simple, low cost, cultivation effect are good special
With cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof.
A kind of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate, is that the turfy soil of 12:5:1, coconut palm bran and river sand are constituted by volume ratio.
Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate of the present invention, wherein, the specification of described turfy soil is 10-30mm, and pH value is
5.6, EC values are 0.2.
Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate of the present invention, wherein, described coconut palm bran specification is that 5-10mm, EC value is less than 0.8.
The preparation method of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1) being unpacked by turfy soil, compression blocks is smashed；
(2) keeping flat in bucket by coconut palm block, injecting the volume of water in bucket is put into that coconut palm block is long-pending more than 6 times, makes coconut palm
Block swims on the water surface, overturns the positive and negative of coconut palm block after 15 minutes, and after 30min, coconut palm block has thorough grasp water substantially, pulls out subsequently, smashes,
Form coconut palm bran in bulk；
(3) using fixing receptacle map by unified to turfy soil, coconut palm bran and river sand, 12:5:1 mixing, obtains product by volume,
Cuttage and upper basin for Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum..
The preparation method of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate of the present invention, wherein, described Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate
Humidity after mixing is 70-80%, is directly used in the upper basin of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum..
The preparation method of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate of the present invention, wherein, by special for the described Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. after mixing
Bank up with cultivation matrix and often overturn, when humidity is down between 50%-60%, carrying out the cuttage of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum..
The preparation method of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate of the present invention, wherein, by special for the described Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. after mixing
Cool in being loaded on the hole tray of cuttage with cultivation matrix put 1 day, then carry out the cuttage of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum..
Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate difference from prior art of the present invention is:
Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate of the present invention is used to carry out the cultivation of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum., a Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. potted flower growth cycle
In, i.e. from May, basin was sold to January, and potted flower growth is vigorous, and product regularity is high, manages relatively easy, and rich water frequency is bright
Aobvious reduction, especially summer, irrigation times significantly reduced, and greatly reduced labor cost, improve product quality, decreased
Because of the loss watering the uneven low summary of product quality or death causes.It is substantially better than traditional cultivation substrate (peat and perlite mixing
Form).
Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. stipes cuttage survival rate 98%, grows vigorous, easily manages, and the frequency that waters is low.In survival rate, seedling life
From the point of view of growing way and the daily several angles managing and protecting summary, hence it is evident that be better than tradition cutting medium (peat and perlite mixing and
Become).
The Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. cultivation dedicated substrate of the method for the invention preparation, water conservation fertilizer-preserving ability is strong, makes Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. water frequently
Degree substantially reduces, and once substrate overdrying, after carrying out moisturizing, in basin, substrate can absorb rapidly moisture, will not be as traditional cultivation
Do not absorb water after substrate (peat and perlite mix) overdrying, need to soak the feelings that can be only achieved moisturizing effect for 15-20 minute
Condition occurs.Use Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. dedicated substrate can improve cultivation efficiency, save labour cost, improve product quality and concordance, subtract
Few production loss caused because of rich water inequality.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate of the present invention is described further.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
A kind of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate, is that the turfy soil of 12:5:1, coconut palm bran and river sand are constituted by volume ratio.Described grass
The specification of charcoal soil is 10-30mm, and pH value is 5.6, and EC value is 0.2；Described coconut palm bran specification is that 5-10mm, EC value is less than 0.8.
The preparation method of a kind of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate, it comprises the steps:
(1) being unpacked by turfy soil, compression blocks is smashed；
(2) keeping flat in bucket by coconut palm block, injecting the volume of water in bucket is put into that coconut palm block is long-pending more than 6 times, makes coconut palm
Block swims on the water surface, overturns the positive and negative of coconut palm block after 15 minutes, and after 30min, coconut palm block has thorough grasp water substantially, pulls out subsequently, smashes,
Form coconut palm bran in bulk；Coconut palm block should swim on the water surface, artificially can not be pressed into the bottom, otherwise can be difficult to absorb water, and extends drinking water
Time.
(3) by unified to turfy soil, coconut palm bran (having thorough grasp water to smash) and river sand with fixing receptacle map, 12:5:1 mixes by volume
Even, obtain product, for cuttage and the upper basin of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum..
The application mode of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate of the present invention be following several in one:
I. the humidity after the mixing of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate is 70-80%, is directly used in the upper basin of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum..
II. the described Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate after mixing banked up and often overturn, treating that humidity is down to 50%-60%
Between time carry out the cuttage of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum..
III. the described Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate after mixing is cool in being loaded on the hole tray of cuttage to be put 1 day, then carries out Eriocheir sinensis
The cuttage that pawl is blue.
In order to more clearly illustrate the beneficial effect of the Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate of the present invention, give following groups pair
Than test:
Test one:
Early April uses two different cultivars 07-18 and CECILIE to carry out Cutting test, uses 7 kinds of different substrates, its
Middle employing import turfy soil, coconut palm bran and 6 kinds of i.e. turfy soils of different ratio of river sand: coconut palm bran: river sand be respectively No. 1 (12:5:1), No. 2
(9:7:2), No. 3 (6:11:1), No. 4 (6:6:6), No. 5 (18:0:0), No. 6 (0:18:0), another traditional domestic peat:
Perlite is 3:1, every kind of proportioning cuttage 200, unified carries out rich water quality management.Observe the statistics situation of taking root after 15 days and be shown in Table 1；
Survival rate and growing state and group's root situation is added up after 30 days, will be respectively by becoming 5 grades to difference well, give a mark and retouch
State and refer to table 2；Explore the situation under different substrates proportioning, Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. inserted sheet taken root and grow, to determine optimum proportioning value.
Table 1 cuttage take root after 15 days situation statistics
Root formational situation statistics is rolled into a ball in table 2 cuttage after 30 days
In table 1, each process of each kind takes 3 inserted sheets at random, adds up root of hair quantity and the root length degree of each inserted sheet, asks
Meansigma methods；As seen from Table 1: the cuttage of two different cultivars is taken root for counting in No. 1 substrate and is closer to root length, and difference is little,
And it is longer to take root.Remaining several substrate quantity of taking root is more, and root system is the shortest.Only have CECILIE take root in No. 3 substrate many and
Longer.The long hair growth promoting side root that is prone to of taking root forms group's root architecture.
As seen from Table 2: in No. 1 substrate, two kind structure of root groups are formed best, and fibrous root is more, substrate water-retaining property
Good, can successfully take out from hole tray after 30 days.Find that import turfy soil easily lumps, even if root of hair is bad also from experimental observation
Can clump together, but sponginess is poor；Coconut palm bran good water-retaining property, but granule relatively carefully easily scatters, outstanding in the case of being the most relatively dried
It is obvious；River sand is easiest to loose.No. 2 and No. 4 husky content higher, the loosest root that is difficult to clump together takes out.Big portion in No. 3
Dividing is coconut palm bran and river sand, can not all take out fugitive, and No. 6, because of full coconut palm bran, grow preferably, though CECILIE can take out with whole group, but
Be take out after fugitive.No. 5 substrate show between two kinds and differ greatly, because entirely import turfy soil, root of hair is many, loose
Property poor, blade canescence desiccation, be mostly taproot, fibrous root is few, because of substrate easily conglomeration itself, can take out.No. 7 original bases
Matter performance is worst.
But cannot all take out or can the most but go out fugitive, being all unfavorable for going up basin and transport in the future, poor water retention property increases
Adding management difficulty and cost of labor, therefore in No. 1 substrate, two kinds are taken root, to roll into a ball root architecture, root of hair amount and growing state comprehensive
Behaving oneself best, therefore No. 1 substrate composition is seedling cuttage optimum proportioning.
Test two:
Two different cultivars Ao Erjia and Ida is used to carry out basin experiment in cultivation on Plug seedling, Plug seedling Autumn Cutting, early
The group's of having been formed root, grows two-layer stipes.4 kind sheets in every cave are planted in the flowerpot of 9cm, uses 7 kinds of different substrates, wherein
Use import turfy soil, coconut palm bran and 6 kinds of i.e. turfy soils of different ratio of river sand: coconut palm bran: river sand be respectively No. 1 (12:5:1), No. 2
(9:7:2), No. 3 (6:11:1), No. 4 (6:6:6), No. 5 (18:0:0), No. 6 (0:18:0), another No. 7 domestic mud of tradition
Carbon: perlite is 3:1, every kind of proportioning of each kind is cultivated 24 basins, is explored potted plant life little to Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. under different substrates proportioning
Root and the situation of growth.To determine optimum substrate proportioning value.
Carrying out observing growing state after 30 days to carry out record and include growth potential, blade glossiness, root system situation, statistics is concrete
Growing state is shown in Table 3；Plant height, hat width, branch amount, stipes number take 3 the most at random.Growth potential, root system situation, blade glossiness
Be divided into 5 grades to give a mark, 5 points strong/good, 4 points relatively strong/preferably, 3 points medium, 2 points more weak/poor, 1 weak/poor.To enter
The contrast that row is mutual.
The growing state statistics of 32, table different Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. kind difference cultivation matrix
Finding by investigating basin kind seedling rooting in 7 kinds of substrate and growing state, No. 2 (9: 7: 2), No. 4 (6: 6: 6) are because containing
Husky amount is big, and growth potential and root system situation are the most relatively poor, and the group's of generation root is later, and is difficult to gather bottom substrates, after pull-up only
The top layer substrate of upper strata 1/3 thickness can be taken up, the excessively loose de-basin difficulty of substrate.
No. 6 (0: 18: 0), water-retaining property are preferable, but can agglomerating the most easily be scattered in the case of humidity, outstanding under drying regime
It is obvious, is unfavorable for transport and changes basin.Additionally have a humid climate rainy in the case of, water-retaining property is very good easily causes rotten.
No. 5 (18: 0: 0) easily lump, and substrate permeability is poor, and blade glossiness is the best.
The maximum problem of No. 7 traditional domestic peat and perlite 3: 1 proportioning is exactly once to water uneven to cause undue mistake
Water, moisturizing difficulty, need to soak at least 5 minutes, can not get supply for a long time and easily cause wilting death.
To watering, requirement is higher, manages relative difficulty.
No. 1 substrate has reached a relative equilibrium at aspects such as water holding capacity, loosing soil degree and permeabilitys, although single
On the one hand it is not necessarily best, but the demand of the comprehensive each production link of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. is but optimum selection.No. 3 substrate are taken second place.
Basin taking root with growing state it is also seen that No. 1 substrate is tried at the upper basin of 2 different cultivars after 30 days from table 3
Testing middle performance preferable, and the most stable, there is the situation that single aspect is the most prominent or single aspect is poor in remaining several substrate
Occurring, being primarily due to import turfy soil, coconut palm bran, silt are respectively arranged with pluses and minuses, different proportionings directly affects the physics and chemistry that substrate is overall
Character, certain composition single is too much or very few substrate all can be made extreme problem occur.
Import turfy soil and coconut palm bran are the main application raw materials in current domestic a lot of flowers and potted landscape cultivation matrix, but
Different plants are the most different to the requirement of substrate, therefore determine the import peat composed of rotten mosses in Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. seeling industry and potted flower culture
Soil, coconut palm bran, silt three optimum proportioning particularly important.We determine one through contrast test and long-term production practices
The compound method of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. Efficient Cultivation dedicated substrate i.e. import turfy soil, coconut palm bran, silt proportioning are 12: 5: 1.In order to improve state
Interior Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. produces the moisturizing difficulty that in cultivation, traditional matrices (domestic peat and perlite) exists, big the asking of rich water quality management difficulty
Topic.
Test three:
Take root Seedling with the Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. of a collection of late March cuttage, the first tenday period of a month in May upper basin, with turfy soil, coconut palm bran and river sand by volume
Than the substrate of 12: 5: 1 mixings as basin on cultivation matrix 1000 basin, with traditional matrices peat and perlite 3: 1 as cultivation base
Basin 1000 basin in matter.The potted flower growing state observing two kinds of different cultivation matrixes the 6-12 month is shown in Table 4.
Little potted plant with a collection of 9cm Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum., 3 little potted plant is planted in the basin of 1 gallon by the form group basin of triangle, with
The Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. Efficient Cultivation dedicated substrate of this invention and tradition peat mixing, as cultivation matrix, organize basin 2500 basin.
Basin seedling early growth situation contrast in the new substrate of table 4 and traditional matrices
As can be seen from Table 4, at survival rate, rooting rate, stipes growth potential, from the point of view of several aspects such as stipes glossiness,
Clear superiority is there is in new substrate compared with traditional matrices.
Table 5 Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. Efficient Cultivation dedicated substrate commodity potted flower growing state
By Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. Efficient Cultivation dedicated substrate commodity potted flower large-scale production demonstration test in table 5 it can be seen that new base
The potted flower yield rate of matter cultivation is higher, and stipes is plump, straight and upright, glossiness is good, growth is consistent, and growth potential is strong, due to its water-retaining property
Good, manage simple to operation, greatly reduce cost of labor.New substrate list Pengcheng basis and traditional matrices cost from price
Almost maintaining an equal level, therefore this Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. i.e. import turfy soil of Efficient Cultivation dedicated substrate compound method, coconut palm bran and river sand are by volume
12:5:1；It is worth in the middle of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. commodity sapling multiplication and potted flower produce being widely popularized.
Embodiment described above is only to be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the not model to the present invention
Enclose and be defined, on the premise of designing spirit without departing from the present invention, the those of ordinary skill in the art technical side to the present invention
Various deformation that case is made and improvement, all should fall in the protection domain that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (7)
1. a Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate, it is characterised in that: it is the turfy soil of 12:5:1, coconut palm bran and river sand structure by volume ratio
Become.
Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the specification of described turfy soil is 10-
30mm, pH value is 5.6, and EC value is 0.2.
Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described coconut palm bran specification is 5-10mm,
EC value is less than 0.8.
4. the preparation method of the Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate that any one is described in claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: bag
Include following steps:
(1) being unpacked by turfy soil, compression blocks is smashed；
(2) keeping flat in bucket by coconut palm block, injecting the volume of water in bucket is put into that coconut palm block is long-pending more than 6 times, makes coconut palm block float
Floating on the surface, overturn the positive and negative of coconut palm block after 15 minutes, after 30min, coconut palm block has thorough grasp water substantially, pulls out subsequently, smashes, and is formed
Coconut palm bran in bulk；
(3) by unified to turfy soil, coconut palm bran and river sand with fixing receptacle map, 12:5:1 mixing, obtains product, is used for by volume
The cuttage of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. and upper basin.
The preparation method of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. is special
Humidity after mixing with cultivation matrix is 70-80%, is directly used in the upper basin of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum..
The preparation method of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: by the institute after mixing
State Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate bank up and often overturn, when humidity is down between 50%-60%, carry out the cuttage of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum..
The preparation method of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: by the institute after mixing
State cool in Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum. plantation substrate is loaded on the hole tray of cuttage putting 1 day, then carry out the cuttage of Zygopetalum truncatns (Haw). Schum..
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108076876A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-05-29 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | A kind of schlumbergera takes root the propagation method of seedling |
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