CN101610704B - 饮料分配机及操作方法 - Google Patents

饮料分配机及操作方法 Download PDF

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CN101610704B
CN101610704B CN200780048913.9A CN200780048913A CN101610704B CN 101610704 B CN101610704 B CN 101610704B CN 200780048913 A CN200780048913 A CN 200780048913A CN 101610704 B CN101610704 B CN 101610704B
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brewing chamber
valve
beverage
electric valve
piezo electric
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CN101610704A (zh
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L·道格莱尼马杰尔
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47JKITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J31/00Apparatus for making beverages
    • A47J31/44Parts or details or accessories of beverage-making apparatus
    • A47J31/54Water boiling vessels in beverage making machines
    • A47J31/56Water boiling vessels in beverage making machines having water-level controls; having temperature controls
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47JKITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J31/00Apparatus for making beverages
    • A47J31/44Parts or details or accessories of beverage-making apparatus
    • A47J31/46Dispensing spouts, pumps, drain valves or like liquid transporting devices
    • A47J31/461Valves, e.g. drain valves
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47JKITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J31/00Apparatus for making beverages
    • A47J31/44Parts or details or accessories of beverage-making apparatus
    • A47J31/46Dispensing spouts, pumps, drain valves or like liquid transporting devices
    • A47J31/462Dispensing spouts, pumps, drain valves or like liquid transporting devices with an intermediate liquid storage tank
    • A47J31/465Dispensing spouts, pumps, drain valves or like liquid transporting devices with an intermediate liquid storage tank for the heated water
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47JKITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J31/00Apparatus for making beverages
    • A47J31/44Parts or details or accessories of beverage-making apparatus
    • A47J31/52Alarm-clock-controlled mechanisms for coffee- or tea-making apparatus ; Timers for coffee- or tea-making apparatus; Electronic control devices for coffee- or tea-making apparatus
    • A47J31/525Alarm-clock-controlled mechanisms for coffee- or tea-making apparatus ; Timers for coffee- or tea-making apparatus; Electronic control devices for coffee- or tea-making apparatus the electronic control being based on monitoring of specific process parameters
    • A47J31/5251Alarm-clock-controlled mechanisms for coffee- or tea-making apparatus ; Timers for coffee- or tea-making apparatus; Electronic control devices for coffee- or tea-making apparatus the electronic control being based on monitoring of specific process parameters of pressure
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47JKITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J31/00Apparatus for making beverages
    • A47J31/44Parts or details or accessories of beverage-making apparatus
    • A47J31/52Alarm-clock-controlled mechanisms for coffee- or tea-making apparatus ; Timers for coffee- or tea-making apparatus; Electronic control devices for coffee- or tea-making apparatus
    • A47J31/525Alarm-clock-controlled mechanisms for coffee- or tea-making apparatus ; Timers for coffee- or tea-making apparatus; Electronic control devices for coffee- or tea-making apparatus the electronic control being based on monitoring of specific process parameters
    • A47J31/5253Alarm-clock-controlled mechanisms for coffee- or tea-making apparatus ; Timers for coffee- or tea-making apparatus; Electronic control devices for coffee- or tea-making apparatus the electronic control being based on monitoring of specific process parameters of temperature
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47JKITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J31/00Apparatus for making beverages
    • A47J31/44Parts or details or accessories of beverage-making apparatus
    • A47J31/52Alarm-clock-controlled mechanisms for coffee- or tea-making apparatus ; Timers for coffee- or tea-making apparatus; Electronic control devices for coffee- or tea-making apparatus
    • A47J31/525Alarm-clock-controlled mechanisms for coffee- or tea-making apparatus ; Timers for coffee- or tea-making apparatus; Electronic control devices for coffee- or tea-making apparatus the electronic control being based on monitoring of specific process parameters
    • A47J31/5255Alarm-clock-controlled mechanisms for coffee- or tea-making apparatus ; Timers for coffee- or tea-making apparatus; Electronic control devices for coffee- or tea-making apparatus the electronic control being based on monitoring of specific process parameters of flow rate

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Making Beverages (AREA)
  • Beverage Vending Machines With Cups, And Gas Or Electricity Vending Machines (AREA)
  • Devices For Dispensing Beverages (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种设有一冲煮腔(2)及用于完全地及/或部分地阻断饮料排出该腔室(2)的至少一阀门(3)的饮料分配机,例如,咖啡机。有利地,该阀门(3)为一电阀,特别地为一压电阀,其可连续被控制以调整允许排出该腔室(2)的饮料流动速度。

Description

饮料分配机及操作方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种饮料分配机及一种操作它的方法,特别地涉及一种全自动或半自动咖啡/饮料分配机。
背景技术
已知自动机器或半自动机器通过提供一迫入的热水流以使其通过一含有咖啡粉的冲煮腔来制备咖啡饮品或其类似物,其中有时在腔室的出口处定位一机械阀以调整背压。该阀门经校准以设定腔室内的水的压力及咖啡粉的注入时间推移。
大体而言,饮料分配机表示用于制备及分配诸如意式浓缩咖啡(espresso coffee)、美式咖啡(Americano coffee)、卡布奇诺(cappuccino)、拿铁玛琪朵(latte macchiato)、茶或类似饮料的饮料的半自动(使用者须参与饮料制备)或全自动机器(由机器自动实行饮料的制备,使用者无需参与,但需要选择所要的饮料)。
US 2001/0050002揭示了用于制备意式浓缩咖啡的机器。冲煮腔包含一与腔室出口喷嘴同轴的螺纹底座,其中插入一充当可手动调整的阀门的螺纹构件。可将该螺纹构件螺合在底座内以在较大或较小程度上阻塞出口喷嘴,亦即,从而部分关闭冲煮腔出口。通过调整螺纹构件在相关底座内的插入程度,可调适冲煮腔内的背压以获得具有所要的感观特征的意式浓缩咖啡。螺纹构件在相关底座内的插入程度是在装配机器时提供的。US 6,711,988揭示一意式浓缩咖啡机,其设有一可在冲煮腔内移动以挤压冲煮腔中所含的咖啡粉且调整该腔室的容积的活塞。在腔室出口处,对应于咖啡排放出口,提供一机械阀以调整背压。该阀门包含一支撑一球体的弹簧。通常,球体由弹簧压在冲煮腔的排放出口上,由此防止饮料排出腔室。仅当腔室内的咖啡饮料的压力足够对抗弹簧负载时,球才被压回且饮料被递送至腔室外部。对阀门的操作的控制是通过选择待安装的阀门弹簧的压缩弹簧特征来达成的。
事实上,传统机器不允许对在冲煮腔出口处充当挡闸(shutter)的阀门的操作进行控制。换言之,已知阀门主要充当打开/关闭阀且无法经控制以快速地或即刻将背压调整至所要程度,以(例如)补偿咖啡机的其他非最佳操作参数。
且,无法在不拆卸机器或手动调整用于产生背压的构件的情况下将已知阀门设定为不同于与初始设计值相对应的背压值的背压值。此缺点不仅应用于意式浓缩咖啡机,还应用于其他用于制备并分配意式浓缩咖啡及其他饮料(诸如不同类型的咖啡饮品(意式浓缩咖啡、美式咖啡、卡布奇诺等等)、茶、巧克力等)的手动或自动机器,其通常设有所述已知阀门。
因此,感觉到需要允许对冲煮腔出口阀的操作进行控制以修改冲煮时间及压力及冲煮过程以满足使用者的品味(此关系到所制备的饮料的感观特征)的机器。
已知饮料分配机的另一缺点在于,其需要进行周期性维护以用于清洁提供在冲煮腔出口处的阀门。对应于阀门底座而积聚的所分配的饮料的残余物常常妨害传统阀门恰当发挥功能。特别地,阀体归因于残余物的粘著作用而粘着在相关底座上,由此妨碍或阻止阀门打开。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种饮料分配机,其消除了上述缺点,同时不昂贵、操作简单且易于保持清洁。
本发明的又一目的是提供一种饮料分配机,其允许快速地控制排出冲煮腔的饮料流动速度。
本发明的再一目的是提供一种饮料分配机,其允许在制备并分配饮料的阶段期间即刻控制设在冲煮腔的出口处的阀门,以补偿机器的其他参数较之最佳值的可能出入。
本发明的再一目的是提供一种饮料分配机,其设有一位于冲煮腔的出口内的阀门,可在制备并分配饮料的阶段期间控制该阀门以影响冲煮条件,从而满足使用者关于所选饮料的类型及品质的偏好。
这些及其他目的是通过涉及如前所述的咖啡/饮料分配机的本发明来达成的。该机器可为全自动式或半自动式。
本发明的分配机提供了多种较之背景技术实施例的优势。
电阀易于连续控制,例如,控制单元可每当饮料制备过程期间操作电阀。在电阀中,压电阀对于电输入具有快速回应。该机器的控制单元通过电信号来指示阀门以快速地达成对排出冲煮腔的饮料的流动速度的所要控制。控制单元基于储存的算法来进行操作。
有利地,电阀不仅提供打开/关闭功能,还提供对冲煮腔出口的可调整式扼流。
优选地,电阀为定位在冲煮腔的出口处的压电阀,例如,位于该冲煮腔的出口管道内。或者,压电阀可定位在冲煮腔的上游处。
根据本发明的机器允许在机器操作期间对电阀进行电控制以便打开/关闭冲煮腔的出口达所要程度。控制单元可操作阀门以补偿针对待制备的给定饮料而预设的机器操作参数(诸如(例如)供至冲煮腔的水的温度、冲煮时间、咖啡粉大小、冲煮腔容积等等)的至少一些不需要的变化。
该控制可为对位于冲煮腔的出口处的阀门的“即时”调整(亦即,在分配饮料时);该控制亦可在每一次制备饮料之前实行,亦即,用于使冲煮压力及时间适合于消费者所选择的饮料的类型。
举例而言,若待分配的饮料为意式浓缩咖啡,则控制单元指示阀门在第一时间推移之后且以所选流动速度打开冲煮腔的出口。若待在意式浓缩咖啡之后分配的饮料为“美式”咖啡,则控制单元指示阀门在短于第一时间推移的第二时间推移之后且以更高流动速度打开冲煮腔的出口。
再一优势在于,根据本发明的阀门易于清洁,尤其是压电阀。可在分配机的待命期间(亦即,当不在制备饮料时)操作压电阀以有助于对阀门挡闸构件及相关底座进行清洁。阀门挡闸可在其底座内快速移动以清除由于所分配的饮料而残留在相关表面上的残余物。以此方式,对阀门的维护简单且有效,而无需外部操作者经常介入。
附图说明
参见作为非限制性范例而附上的附图,本发明的进一步优势及特征由以下的详细描述而变得显而易见。
图1为根据本发明的饮料分配机的图解;
图2为待于根据本发明的机器中使用的第一压电阀的示意剖面图;
图3为图2所示的阀门的细节的剖面图,其呈第一组态;
图4为图2所示的阀门的细节的剖面图,其呈第二组态;
图5为待于根据本发明的机器中使用的第二压电阀的剖面图;
图6为待于根据本发明的机器中使用的第三阀门的示意剖面图;
图7为待于根据本发明的机器中使用的第四阀门的示意剖面图。
具体实施方式
参见图1,其展示根据本发明的饮料分配机的简化图解,该分配机设有一热水器1、一冲煮腔2、一定位在该腔室2的下游处的电阀3及一用于将饮料递送至使用者的排放区段4。电阀3优选地为压电阀,亦即,可根据压电元件对控制单元所提供的电信号的回应来启动的阀门。或者,电阀3为比例电阀(proportional electrovalve)。一种合适的比例电阀为MOOG Inc.公司出售的15系列伺服阀。
控制单元5(例如,电子单元)至少控制阀门3。控制单元5优选地亦控制热水器1及冲煮腔2的操作。控制单元5基于储存的算法来运行,其可为软件程序、固件等。
热水器2向水供热,水又被导向制备饮料所在的冲煮腔3中。热水器可设有一温度传感器,其向控制单元传达水温,借此允许在达到所要温度时由控制单元来中断对水的加热。
冲煮腔3提供了待全部地或部分地由用于制备饮料的成份(例如,咖啡粉、茶、奶粉等)所占据的容积。通常,活塞可在冲煮腔内移动以挤压粉末达到给定程度,亦即,活塞以预设压力来挤压粉末。优选地,在根据本发明的机器中,控制单元控制活塞的操作以调整施予粉末的压力。
通过向冲煮腔内所含的粉末供应热水来制备饮料。所制备的饮料的品质(亦即,其感观特征)视机器的若干操作参数而定,诸如冲煮时间(亦即,在注入期间流逝的时间)、供至冲煮腔的水的压力、冲煮腔中所含粉末的量及相关颗粒大小、水温等等。
显而易见,应亦视待制备的饮料的类型且视使用者的偏好来设定操作参数。举例而言,使用者可在至少两种类型的咖啡之间进行选择:意式浓缩咖啡及美式咖啡,且对于每一种饮料,机器应(例如)通过改变待提供至冲煮腔的粉末的量、水温、咖啡粉的颗粒大小等等来满足使用者的关系到品质或感观特征的偏好。
控制单元5基于使用者的选择来提供对机器的操作参数的设定。出于此目的,机器设有一使用者介面以允许使用者在操作参数的多个设定之间作出选择。根据本发明,分配机设有至少一电阀3,该电阀3优选地设在冲煮腔的下游处以控制排出冲煮腔的饮料流动速度。作为替代,将阀门3设在冲煮腔的上游处以控制进入冲煮腔的水流速度。根据另一实施例,提供两个阀门:位于冲煮腔的上游处的第一阀门3A及位于同一腔室的下游处的第二阀门(图1)。
适合在本发明的机器中使用的压电阀可在市场上以低成本获得且已被证实可靠。大体而言,所述阀门具有最小的尺寸,因此尤其适合安装在冲煮腔的出口处,此处的可用空间通常有限。
合适的阀门为(例如)ASCO JOUCOMATIC所售卖,630系列的阀门,且更特别地为可处理在1ml/s至20ml/s的范围内的流动速度(当打开时)及在1.5巴至20巴的范围内的压力的阀门。
提供传感器S以用于测量位于热水器的下游、冲煮腔2的上游及下游以及压电阀3的下游处的液流的流动速度及/或压力及/或温度。
图2展示一合适的压电阀3的剖面图。阀门3包含一经配置以与冲煮腔2(图1所示)直接流体连接或经由短通路32而与冲煮腔2(图1所示)流体连接的本体31。一挡闸34可在本体31内移动以打开/关闭一通向饮料供应区段4的排放出口39。供应区段4是用于将所制备的饮料导向使用者的杯子、玻璃杯或其类似物。
挡闸34可具有多种形状。图2所示的挡闸为针状,且具有一耦接至压电元件36的第一端及一为楔形或锥形的第二末端38。第二末端38的形状与阀体31的底座39的形状互补。
挡闸34在被弹簧元件37偏向时滑动越过内壁35。通常,挡闸34以其末端38来邻接底座39,亦即,阀门3通常是关闭的。
阀门3的机能是简单的。控制单元5通过电连接33来启动压电元件36,该压电元件36在克服弹簧元件37的力的同时膨胀,由此导致挡闸34自出口/底座39缩回其第二末端38。当出口39打开时,允许来自冲煮腔2且进入阀体31的饮料流向排放区段4。当控制单元5关闭压电元件36时,弹簧元件37推动挡闸34以使其返回其初始位置,由此导致第二末端38邻接底座39,借此关闭出口且防止饮料流至阀体31外部而流向供应区段4。
有利地,挡闸34的冲程可直接由控制单元5控制以调整所分配的饮料的流动速度。特别地,挡闸34的冲程视控制单元5供至压电元件36的电压而定。
图3及图4以剖面图展示阀门3的细节。图3中的挡闸34在底座39上方以最小程度上升以允许饮料具有最小流动速度,例如,每秒1ml的意式浓缩咖啡。图4中的挡闸34在底座39上方上升至最大程度以允许同一饮料具有最大流动速度,例如,每秒10ml。
有利地,压电阀3使得控制单元5能够对排出冲煮腔的饮料流动速度进行完全控制,亦即,控制单元5操作阀门3以便将流动速度自0ml/s(或大约0ml/s)调整至最大的流动速度值,例如,20ml/s,以优选地保持腔室2内的压力大体恒定。
将了解,阀门3的操作亦对冲煮腔2内的水的压力有影响。当关闭阀门3时,在通过泵而自热水器处将受压的水供至冲煮腔2时,同一腔室2内的压力升高。视挡闸34的位置,一特定流动速度的饮料可排出冲煮腔2,由此减小或防止压力升高。就此而言,控制单元5通过调整挡闸34在底座39上方的升高程度(亦即,通过缩小或增大末端38与底座39之间的间隙)而在冲煮腔的下游处调整背压。
举例而言,控制单元5调整挡闸34的位置以增大、减小或停止排出冲煮腔的饮料的流动速度从而分别缩短或增加注入时间。控制单元5亦可控制阀门3的操作以将冲煮腔中的压力保持在预设范围(例如,10巴至15巴)内或补偿咖啡粉的颗粒大小的可能变化。就此而言,控制单元5提供了对压电阀3的“即时”反馈控制。
为清洁阀门,由控制单元5高频激发(亦即,启动)阀门的压电元件(举例而言,图2中的元件36)以将振动传递至挡闸34。这是在饮料分配机待命时(亦即,当机器无须制备饮料时)进行的。当在清洁周期期间迫使挡闸34振动时,至少部分地除去了可能存在于挡闸34及底座39表面上的残余物。换言之,施予挡闸34的振动及末端38与底座39之间的摩擦促进自所述表面上除去残余物。
根据本发明的饮料分配机可提供对阀门3的周期性清洁周期,由此防止底座39由于所分配的饮料的残余物而阻塞及随后的机器故障。
本发明的机器的阀门可设有一类型不同于阀门3的压电阀。挡闸及/或底座由压电材料制成,且通过向该挡闸及/或向底座元件供应电压时元件的膨胀来获得打开/关闭。此实施例具有额外优势在于,其简单且更快(不需要弹簧)且由于阀门振动及膨胀而改进了清洁效果。参见图5,揭示此实施例3’的机能。
在图5中,挡闸38’为固定在支撑轴34’上的盘状物。壁41’提供底座39’。挡闸38’或壁41’中的任一个由压电材料制成且由控制单元5电激发。或者,挡闸38’及壁41’两者均由压电材料制成。当操作阀门3’时(亦即,当控制单元5激发挡闸38’及/或壁41’的压电材料时),该材料经受膨胀,亦即,尺寸改变。举例而言,当挡闸38’及壁41’两者均由压电材料制成时,挡闸38’变宽,而底座39’变窄,由此扼流或明确地关闭出口。阀门3’的打开程度视挡闸及/或相关底座的压电材料的膨胀的本质而定,该膨胀是通过以适当电压对材料供电来调整的。
当仅挡闸38’由压电材料制成时,底座39’保持静止不变,亦即,不膨胀。当仅底座39’(亦即,壁41’)由压电材料制成时,挡闸39’保持静止不变,亦即,不膨胀。
如上文中参见阀门3所述来完成对阀门3’的清洁,亦即,通过振动压电构件(挡闸38’及壁41’中的任一个或两者)。
下文中揭示对根据本发明的机器的操作的两个范例,每一范例涉及对一特定饮料的制备。
范例1-咖啡1
将量为8g的咖啡粉装载至冲煮腔中且由一可移动活塞以10kg/cm2来挤压它。通过机械或电约束设备而将该活塞阻挡在其最终位置上,亦即,在咖啡粉上方。通过一研磨机而经由一延伸向冲煮腔的斜槽来提供咖啡粉。
通过向热水器1供电来加热水,直至温度传感器测量到90℃为止。通过一定位在加热器1的上游处的泵(图中未示)(例如,旋转泵)来提供穿越热水器1且流向冲煮腔2的水循环。
控制单元5指示打开定位在冲煮腔2的上游处的打开/关闭阀,由此允许热水进入腔室2中。此时,压电阀3保持关闭且冲煮腔内的压力增加。
在预设的时间推移(例如,5秒)之后,控制单元5指示阀门3打开。压电阀3迅速作出回应且挡闸34快速地在底座39上方升高一给定程度,此导致饮料排出腔室2。
腔室内的压力骤降,举例而言,自15巴降至10巴。
若使用者已选择“浓烈”的意式浓缩咖啡,则控制单元5指示阀门3再次关闭持续一短暂的时间推移(例如,20ms)从而促进冲煮腔2内的压力恢复。最后,控制单元5打开阀门3以完成对使用者的饮料递送。
在自饮料排放起的预设时间推移后,举例而言,30秒后(或更迟或一天一次),若机器无须制备新的饮料,则控制单元5指示阀门3执行一个或多个清洁周期。
清洁周期具有可变持续时间,例如,自10秒至30秒。控制单元5提供的高频脉冲激发压电元件36以导致挡闸34快速振动。特别地,挡闸34快速地向上及向下移动且反复邻接底座39。所述振动有助于自同一挡闸34及底座39的表面除去饮料残余物。
范例2-咖啡2
将量为10g的咖啡粉装载至冲煮腔2中且由一可移动活塞以4kg/cm2来挤压它。接着,活塞在冲煮腔内阻挡于咖啡粉上方。
通过向热水器1供电来加热水,直至温度传感器测量到80℃为止。
控制单元5指示打开定位在冲煮腔2的上游处的打开/关闭阀,由此允许热水进入腔室2中。此时,压电阀3保持关闭且冲煮腔内的压力增加至高达10巴。
当冲煮腔内的压力满足10巴时,或在2秒之后,控制单元5指示阀门3打开。压电阀3迅速作出回应且挡闸34快速地在底座39上方升高一给定程度,此导致饮料排出腔室2。
一旦完成对使用者的饮料递送,控制单元5就启动阀门3以进行为期5秒的清洁周期。在对阀门3进行清洁期间,5ml/s流动速度的热水被供至空冲煮腔且流经同一阀门3以用于冲洗相关表面且最佳化对残余物的清洁。
归因于诸如元件36的压电元件的特征,通过以适当的脉冲串对同一压电元件供电而轻易地振动阀体31及挡闸34的至少一部分。对于每一清洁周期,元件36可被电激发持续5s、10s、20s、30s等等。可频繁地提供清洁周期以避免残余物积聚在阀门3内。
换言之,压电阀不仅可操作以允许在冲煮饮料期间控制机械操作,还可操作以提供“自清洁”周期。
图6展示经定位以在冲煮腔的出口处截流的另一压电阀50。阀门50包含两个板状元件51、52,其各具有一用于允许饮料流经各个元件的通孔51’、52’。孔51’与孔52’未对准,而是相对于板状元件的中心配置在相反侧上。元件51、52设有各个轴53、54,其中至少一个由压电材料制成。当阀门50关闭时,板状元件51邻接板状元件52。当压电轴53及/或54被启动时,如图6所示,元件51与元件52分开至所要程度且其间呈现一间隙,由此允许饮料流排出冲煮腔2流向排放处4。
作为压电阀50的替代形式,可使用比例电阀(图7)。图7所示的阀门包含两个盘状板60及61,其类似于板51及52,具有各个槽60’、61’,配置在冲煮腔2的出口处。槽60’、61’为通孔。盘状板60、61经定位成彼此邻接。至少一盘状板60或61可通过电致动元件(图中未示)而由各个轴63、64旋转。当如图7所示相互配置槽60’、61’时,阀门50关闭。当盘状板60、61相对于彼此旋转时,槽60’部分地或完全地截断槽61’,由此允许饮料排出冲煮腔2。通过调整盘状板60、61的相对旋转(亦即,槽60’与61’的重迭程度),可能调整被允许穿过阀门60的流动速度。将了解,槽60’及61’可具有不同于图7所示的形状的形状。举例而言,槽60’及61’可为圆形孔。重要的是,阀门60提供了通过调整槽60’与61’的重迭来调节流动速度。

Claims (11)

1.一种饮料分配机,其设有一冲煮腔(2)、一可在所述冲煮腔之间移动的活塞,及至少一电阀以调整排出该冲煮腔(2)的该饮料的流动速度,其特征在于,该至少一电阀为一压电阀(3、3’),且特征在于所述电阀被至少设在该冲煮腔(2)的排放出口(39、39’)处。
2.根据权利要求1所述的饮料分配机,其中其进一步包含一电子控制单元(5),且该压电阀(3、3’)被该控制单元电控制,以完全地或部分地阻塞该出口(39、39’)达所要程度。
3.根据权利要求2所述的饮料分配机,其中该控制单元(5)基于储存的算法来操作该压电阀(3、3’)以调整该冲煮腔(2)内的压力。
4.根据权利要求3所述的饮料分配机,其中其进一步包含监视该机器的一个或多个操作参数的构件,且该控制单元(5)操作该压电阀(3、3’)以补偿所述参数中的一个或多个的与一预期值的差值。
5.一种操作一饮料分配机的方法,该饮料分配机设有一冲煮腔、一可在所述冲煮腔之间移动的活塞,以及一电阀,该方法包含调节排出冲煮腔的饮料的流动速度的步骤,其特征在于,通过一电可操作阀门来调节腔室排放出口的打开/关闭以达所要程度,其中,该电阀为一压电阀(3、3’),其位于该冲煮腔(2)的排放出口(39、39’)处,因此也调节冲煮腔(2)之中的压力和/或注入时间。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中操作该压电阀(3)以仅在将水供至该冲煮腔(2)的一预设时间推移之后打开该出口(39、39’)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中操作该电阀以仅在于该冲煮腔(2)内达到一预设压力之后打开该出口(39、39’)。
8.根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的方法,其中操作该压电阀(3、3’)以调整被分配的饮料的饮料流动速度。
9.根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的方法,其中一电子单元(5)提供对该压电阀(3、3’)的一反馈控制,调整该操作中的冲煮腔(2)内的压力以补偿不需要的冲煮条件变化。
10.根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的方法,其中一电子单元(5)控制该压电阀(3、3’)以相应地使该操作中的冲煮腔(2)内的该压力及/或该流动速度适应于使用者所选择并由该机器制备的饮料类型。
11.根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的方法,其中在该机器的一待命状况期间操作该压电阀(3)以促进对同一压电阀(3、3’)及相关底座(39、39’)的自清洁。
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