CN101584596A - 用于外科缝合设备的一次性装载单元 - Google Patents

用于外科缝合设备的一次性装载单元 Download PDF

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CN101584596A
CN101584596A CNA2009100078147A CN200910007814A CN101584596A CN 101584596 A CN101584596 A CN 101584596A CN A2009100078147 A CNA2009100078147 A CN A2009100078147A CN 200910007814 A CN200910007814 A CN 200910007814A CN 101584596 A CN101584596 A CN 101584596A
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CN101584596B (zh
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J·S·斯韦兹
T·W·休特玛
G·A·阿姆斯特朗
S·K·帕里哈尔
D·L·科尔维克
R·W·蒂姆
K·R·多尔
B·W·史密斯
W·D·凯利
R·J·科拉塔
J·R·尤斯
C·J·沙伊布
F·E·谢尔顿四世
W·B·韦森伯格二世
J·R·摩根
K·P·穆尔
M·H·兰西克
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于可操作地连接到外科缝合设备的一次性装载单元。该一次性装载单元可以具有用于支撑钉仓的承载器和可活动地连接到承载器的钉砧组件。各种实施方式还可以具有轴向驱动组件，其被构造成向钉砧组件施加闭合运动并且也支撑在其上的切割刀片。轴向驱动组件被构造成从外科缝合设备接收击发运动和缩回运动。各种实施方式具有钉砧释放组件，当切割刀片在操作过程中被卡时，该钉砧释放组件能够将钉砧组件从夹紧定向释放。

Description

用于外科缝合设备的一次性装载单元
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及内窥镜外科器械，包括但不限于具有一次性装载单元的外科缝合器械，其能够将缝钉线施加到组织，同时切割在那些缝钉线之间的组织，更具体地说，涉及关于这种一次性装载单元的改进。
背景技术
内窥镜外科器械通常比传统的开放式外科装置更受到偏爱，这是因为较小的切口易于减少术后恢复时间和并发症。因此，在内窥镜外科器械的领域中已经有了显著发展，该内窥镜外科器械适合于将远端执行器通过套管针的套管精确地放置在所需的手术部位。这些远端执行器以多种方式接合组织以实现诊断或治疗作用(例如，内镜切割器、抓钳、切割器、缝合器、夹具施放器、接触装置、药物/基因治疗输送装置和使用超声波、RF、激光等的能量装置)。
已知的外科缝合器包括端部执行器，所述端部执行器同时在组织中制造纵向切口和在所述切口的相对侧施加缝钉线。端部执行器包括一对协同操作的钳口构件，如果该器械被指定应用于内窥镜或腹腔镜，所述钳口构件能够穿过套管通道。钳口构件中的一个支撑钉仓，所述钉仓具有至少两个横向间隔的缝钉排。另一个钳口构件限定钉砧，所述钉砧具有与钉仓中的缝钉排对准的缝钉成形槽。该器械通常包括多个往复楔形件，当朝远侧驱动所述往复楔形件时，其穿过钉仓中的开口并且接合支撑缝钉的驱动器以实现缝钉朝着钉砧的击发。
已知适用于内窥镜应用中的各种类型的外科缝钉。例如，一种类型的外科缝合器械被构造成用一次性装载单元(DLU)操作，所述一次性装载单元被构造成在其中支撑钉仓和刀组件。一旦该程序完成，整个DLU被丢弃。被设计成容纳DLU的这样的器械意在提供的优点在于，器械的每次击发提供“新的”刀片。这样的外科缝合设备和DLU的例子在Milliman等人的美国专利No.5,865,361中被公开，上述专利的公开内容全文通过引用并入本文。
现有的外科缝合设备，例如美国专利No.5,865,361中公开的外科缝合设备由于施加到其击发系统的负载增大而无法被击发到较厚的组织(例如，厚度大于3.5mm的组织)中。这样的增大的负载例如能够增大在刀片仍处于钉砧中时击发系统失效的可能性，并且由此需要将其工具组件从组织切离，这可能导致患者严重受伤的后果。
发明内容
因此，需要提供一种一次性装载单元，如果刀片在被驱动通过夹在所述单元中的组织时被卡住，所述一次性装载单元可容易地被打开。
在本发明的各种实施方式的一个总的方面中，提供了一种用于连接到外科缝合设备的一次性装载单元。所述一次性装载单元可以包括钉仓，该钉仓支撑在能够可操作地连接到所述外科缝合设备的承载器中。钉砧组件可活动地连接到所述承载器，以便能相对于所述钉仓在打开位置和闭合位置之间选择性地活动行进。一次性装载单元还可以包括具有远端部分的轴向驱动组件，所述远端部分被构造成响应从所述外科缝合设备施加到所述轴向驱动组件的驱动运动沿远侧方向运动通过所述钉仓中的槽，并且也响应从所述外科缝合设备施加到所述轴向驱动组件的缩回运动沿近侧方向运动通过所述钉仓中的所述槽。所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分可以被构造成当所述轴向驱动组件在所述钉仓中的所述槽内被沿所述远侧方向驱动时向所述钉砧组件施加闭合力。一次性装载单元还可以包括钉砧释放组件，该钉砧释放组件与所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分以及所述钉砧组件可操作地协作，用于选择性地使所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分中止向所述钉砧组件施加所述闭合力，而不论所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分位于所述钉仓中的所述槽内的任何位置。
在本发明的各种实施方式的另一个总的方面中，提供了一种用于连接到外科缝合设备的一次性装载单元。在各种实施方式中，所述一次性装载单元包括钉仓，该钉仓支撑在能够可操作地连接到所述外科缝合设备的承载器中。钉砧部分可枢转地连接到所述承载器，以便能相对于所述钉仓在打开位置和闭合位置之间选择性地枢转行进。所述钉砧部分上开有轴向钉砧槽。钉砧盖可以连接到所述钉砧部分以在钉砧盖和钉砧部分之间限定钉砧腔。一次性装载单元还可以包括具有远端部分的轴向驱动组件，所述远端部分被构造成响应从所述外科缝合设备施加到所述轴向驱动组件的驱动运动沿远侧方向运动通过所述钉仓中的钉仓槽以及所述钉砧槽，并且也响应从所述外科缝合设备施加到所述轴向驱动组件的缩回运动沿近侧方向运动通过所述钉仓槽和所述钉砧槽。横向钉砧销可拆卸地支撑在所述轴向驱动组件的固定凸缘部分上，使得所述钉砧销可活动地容纳在所述钉砧腔中并且横跨所述钉砧槽。在所述横向钉砧销上可以设置分离构件，所述分离构件被定向成当所述轴向驱动组件被施加缩回运动时接合所述钉砧盖和所述钉砧部分中的至少一个的至少一部分，而不论所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分位于所述钉砧槽内的任何位置，由此使得所述钉砧销脱离所述轴向驱动组件。
在本发明的各种实施方式的另一个总的方面中，提供了一种外科缝合设备。在各种实施方式中，外科缝合设备包括手柄组件，该外科缝合设备具有可操作地连接到所述手柄组件的细长的主体。一次性装载单元可操作地连接到所述细长的主体。所述一次性装载单元的各种实施方式可以包括承载器，该承载器能可操作地连接到所述细长的主体的远端。钉仓可以支撑在所述承载器中。钉砧组件可活动地连接到所述承载器，以便能相对于所述钉仓在打开位置和闭合位置之间选择性地活动行进。一次性装载单元还可以包括具有远端部分的轴向驱动组件，所述远端部分被构造成响应从所述手柄组件施加到所述轴向驱动组件的驱动运动沿远侧方向运动通过所述钉仓中的槽，并且也响应从所述手柄组件施加到所述轴向驱动组件的缩回运动沿近侧方向运动通过所述钉仓中的所述槽。所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分可以被构造成当所述轴向驱动组件在所述钉仓中的所述槽内被沿所述远侧方向驱动时向所述钉砧组件施加闭合力。一对支撑杆可活动地支撑在所述钉砧组件中的轴向槽内。所述支撑杆彼此间隔开，以允许所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分在所述支撑杆之间可活动地通过。所述支撑杆能够在第一位置和缩回位置之间选择性地运动，在所述第一位置，所述支撑杆支撑被连接在所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分上的钉砧销，在所述缩回位置，所述钉砧销不由所述支撑杆支撑并且允许使所述钉砧组件脱离。连接器连接件可以连接到所述支撑杆，缩回连接件可操作地支撑在所述细长的主体中并且被构造成可操作地接合所述连接器连接件。致动器把手可操作地支撑在所述细长的主体上，使得致动器把手能够与所述缩回连接件相互作用以在所述致动器把手被致动时能够向所述缩回连接件和所述连接器连接件施加缩回运动。
本发明具体公开了如下内容：
(1).一种用于连接到外科缝合设备的一次性装载单元，所述一次性装载单元包括：
钉仓，其支撑在能够可操作地连接到所述外科缝合设备上的承载器中；
钉砧组件，其可活动地连接到所述承载器，以便能相对于所述钉仓在打开位置和闭合位置之间选择性地活动行进；
具有远端部分的轴向驱动组件，所述远端部分被构造成响应从所述外科缝合设备施加到所述轴向驱动组件的驱动运动沿远侧方向运动通过所述钉仓中的槽，并且也响应从所述外科缝合设备施加到所述轴向驱动组件的缩回运动沿近侧方向运动通过所述钉仓中的所述槽，所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分被构造成当所述轴向驱动组件在所述钉仓中的所述槽内被沿所述远侧方向驱动时向所述钉砧组件施加闭合力；和
钉砧释放组件，其与所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分以及所述钉砧组件可操作地协作，用于选择性地使所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分中止向所述钉砧组件施加所述闭合力，而不论所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分位于所述钉仓中的所述槽内的任何位置。
(2).根据第(1)项所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述钉砧释放组件包括：
钉砧销，其可释放地连接到所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分并且定位成在所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分被向所述远侧方向驱动时向所述钉砧组件施加所述闭合力；和
与所述钉砧销交接的分离构件，所述分离构件用于在向所述轴向驱动组件施加缩回运动时使所述钉砧销脱离所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分。
(3).根据第(2)项所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述分离构件包括销条，所述销条连接到所述钉砧销并且被构造成在向所述轴向驱动组件施加缩回运动时接合所述钉砧组件的至少一部分，由此使得所述钉砧销脱离所述轴向驱动组件。
(4).根据第(1)项所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述钉砧释放组件包括支撑组件，所述支撑组件由所述钉砧组件可活动地支撑并且能够在第一位置和缩回位置之间选择性地运动，在所述第一位置，所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分向所述钉砧组件施加所述闭合力，在所述缩回位置，所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分不向所述钉砧组件施加所述闭合力，由此使得所述钉砧组件能够运动到所述打开位置。
(5).根据第(4)项所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述支撑组件包括可活动地支撑在所述钉砧组件中的轴向槽内的一对支撑杆，所述支撑杆彼此间隔开以允许所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分在所述支撑杆之间可活动地通过，所述支撑杆能够在所述第一位置和所述缩回位置之间选择性地运动，在所述第一位置，所述支撑杆支撑位于所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分上的钉砧销，在所述缩回位置，所述钉砧销不由所述支撑杆支撑并且允许从所述钉砧组件脱离。
(6).根据第(5)项所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述支撑组件还包括：
缩回连接件，其连接到所述支撑杆；和
致动器把手，其可操作地支撑在所述外科缝合设备的一部分上并且被构造成可拆卸地连接到所述缩回连接件，使得当所述致动器把手被致动时能够向所述缩回连接件施加缩回运动。
(7).根据第(1)项所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述钉砧释放组件包括保持器，所述保持器由所述钉砧组件可活动地支撑并且可释放地连接到所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分，使得当向所述轴向驱动组件施加缩回运动时，所述保持器脱离所述轴向驱动组件，由此使所述钉砧组件能够运动到所述打开位置。
(8).根据第(7)项所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述保持器包括：
保持器主体，其尺寸被设置成能够使其在所述钉砧组件中的轴向延伸的第一钉砧槽内运动，并且所述保持器主体被构造成可释放地接合所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端中的保持器槽口；
横向钉砧销，其连接到所述保持器主体，使得所述钉砧销横跨所述钉砧组件中的所述轴向延伸的第一钉砧槽，所述横向钉砧销的尺寸被设置成能够使所述横向钉砧销通过位于所述第一钉砧槽的远端处的第二钉砧槽；和
横向保持器销，其连接到所述保持器主体，使得所述保持器销横跨所述第一钉砧槽并且不能通过所述第二钉砧槽。
(9).根据第(1)项所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述钉砧释放组件包括：
钉砧臂，其可活动地连接到所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分；和
横向钉砧销，其与所述钉砧臂可拆卸地接合并且被定位成在所述轴向驱动组件被沿着所述远侧方向驱动时向所述钉砧组件施加所述闭合力，在所述轴向驱动组件被施加缩回力时所述横向钉砧销脱离所述钉砧臂。
(10).根据第(9)项所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述钉砧臂可活动地连接到所述轴向驱动组件，使得所述钉砧臂能够相对于所述轴向驱动组件沿轴向运动并且能够相对于所述轴向驱动组件枢转。
(11).一种用于连接到外科缝合设备的一次性装载单元，所述一次性装载单元包括：
钉仓，其支撑在能够可操作地连接到所述外科缝合设备的承载器中；
钉砧部分，其可枢转地连接到所述承载器，以便能相对于所述钉仓在打开位置和闭合位置之间选择性地枢转行进，所述钉砧部分上开有轴向钉砧槽；
钉砧盖，其连接到所述钉砧部分以在所述钉砧盖和所述钉砧部分之间限定钉砧腔；
具有远端部分的轴向驱动组件，所述远端部分被构造成响应从所述外科缝合设备施加到所述轴向驱动组件的驱动运动沿远侧方向运动通过所述钉仓中的钉仓槽以及所述钉砧槽，并且也响应从所述外科缝合设备施加到所述轴向驱动组件的缩回运动沿近侧方向运动通过所述钉仓槽和所述钉砧槽；
横向钉砧销，其可拆卸地支撑在所述轴向驱动组件的固定凸缘部分上，使得所述钉砧销可活动地容纳在所述钉砧腔中并且横跨所述钉砧槽；和
在所述横向钉砧销上的分离构件，所述分离构件被定向成当所述轴向驱动组件被施加缩回运动时接合所述钉砧盖和所述钉砧部分中的至少一个的至少一部分，而不论所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分位于所述钉砧槽内的任何位置，由此使得所述钉砧销脱离所述轴向驱动组件。
(12).根据第(11)项所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述分离构件包括销条，所述销条连接到所述钉砧销并且具有被定向成保持地接合所述钉砧盖的一部分的至少一个上条部分和被定向成保持地接合所述钉砧部分的一部分的至少一个下条部分。
(13).根据第(11)项所述的一次性装载单元，其中，在所述钉砧销已脱离所述轴向驱动组件时，所述钉砧销被保持在所述钉砧腔内。
(14).根据第(11)项所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述钉砧销支撑在所述轴向驱动组件的所述固定凸缘部分中的开口的槽内。
(15).根据第(11)项所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述钉砧销支撑在所述轴向驱动组件的所述固定凸缘部分中的槽内，并且所述固定凸缘部分具有形成在其中且邻近所述槽的底切部分，以允许所述固定凸缘部分的形成所述槽的一部分的底部远离所述槽的上部运动，从而允许在所述轴向驱动组件被施加缩回运动时通过所述分离构件与所述钉砧盖和所述钉砧部分中的至少一个的相互作用使所述钉砧销从所述槽脱离。
(16).根据第(11)项所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述钉砧销支撑在所述轴向驱动组件的所述固定凸缘部分中的槽内，并且所述槽由形成在所述固定凸缘部分中的可弯曲的翼片形成，使得在所述分离构件与所述钉砧盖和所述钉砧部分中的至少一个相互作用时，所述钉砧销使所述可弯曲的翼片运动到所述钉砧销能够从所述固定凸缘部分脱离的位置。
(17).根据第(11)项所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述钉砧销上形成有至少一个加强翼片。
(18).一种外科缝合设备，包括：
手柄组件；
细长的主体，其可操作地连接到所述手柄组件；
一次性装载单元，其可操作地连接到所述细长的主体，所述一次性装载单元包括：
承载器，其能够可操作地连接到所述细长的主体的远端；
钉仓，其支撑在所述承载器中；
钉砧组件，其可活动地连接到所述承载器，以便能相对于所述钉仓在打开位置和闭合位置之间选择性地活动行进；
具有远端部分的轴向驱动组件，所述远端部分被构造成响应从所述手柄组件施加到所述轴向驱动组件的驱动运动沿远侧方向运动通过所述钉仓中的槽，并且也响应从所述手柄组件施加到所述轴向驱动组件的缩回运动沿近侧方向运动通过所述钉仓中的所述槽，所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分被构造成当所述轴向驱动组件在所述钉仓中的所述槽内被沿所述远侧方向驱动时向所述钉砧组件施加闭合力；
一对支撑杆，其可活动地支撑在所述钉砧组件中的轴向槽内，所述支撑杆彼此间隔开，以允许所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分在所述支撑杆之间可活动地通过，所述支撑杆能够在第一位置和缩回位置之间选择性地运动，在所述第一位置，所述支撑杆支撑位于所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分上的钉砧销，在所述缩回位置，所述钉砧销不由所述支撑杆支撑并且允许从所述钉砧组件脱离；和
连接到所述支撑杆的连接器连接件；
缩回连接件，其可操作地支撑在所述细长的主体中并且被构造成可操作地接合所述连接器连接件；以及
致动器把手，其可操作地支撑在所述细长的主体上并且与所述缩回连接件相互作用以在所述致动器把手被致动时能够向所述缩回连接件和所述连接器连接件施加缩回运动。
(19).根据第(18)项所述的外科缝合设备，还包括：
外壳部分，其能够可操作地连接到所述细长的主体的所述远端；和
关节接头，其可操作地连接到所述承载器和所述外壳部分。
附图说明
包含在该说明书中并且构成它的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施方式，并且与上面给出的本发明的各种实施方式的总体描述以及下面给出的实施方式的详细描述一起用于解释本发明的各种原理。
图1是不可关节运动的一次性装载单元的分解装配图。
图2是可关节运动的一次性装载单元的分解装配图。
图3是图2的现有的可关节运动的一次性装载单元的关节接头的局部分解装配图。
图4是根据本发明的实施方式连接到外科缝合设备的不可关节运动的装载单元的透视图。
图5是根据本发明的实施方式连接到外科缝合设备的可关节运动的一次性装载单元的透视图。
图6是根据本发明的各种实施方式的轴向驱动组件、钉砧销和销条(pin cleat)的一部分的放大侧视图。
图7是根据本发明的实施方式的销条的透视图。
图8是根据本发明的实施方式的一次性装载单元的局部剖视图，其中，用虚线示出了轴向驱动组件的各个位置。
图9是图8的实施方式的一次性装载单元的一部分的平面图，其中，为了清楚起见，移除了钉砧盖的一部分。
图10是沿图9中的线10-10所截取的图9中所示的钉砧组件的剖视图。
图11是根据本发明的实施方式的夹紧钉砧组件和钉仓之间的组织的一次性装载单元的一部分的局部侧视图。
图12是根据本发明的实施方式的轴向驱动组件的一部分的局部侧视图。
图13是根据本发明的实施方式的另一种轴向驱动组件的一部分的局部侧视图。
图14是根据本发明的实施方式的另一种轴向驱动组件的一部分的局部侧视图。
图15是根据本发明的实施方式的另一种轴向驱动组件的一部分的局部侧视图。
图16是根据本发明的实施方式的另一种轴向驱动组件的一部分的局部侧视图。
图17是根据本发明的实施方式的另一种轴向驱动组件的一部分的局部侧视图。
图18是沿着图17中的线18-18所截取的图17的轴向驱动组件的剖视图，其中，示出了在连接到轴向驱动组件之前的钉砧销。
图19是根据本发明的实施方式的另一种一次性装载单元的透视图。
图20是图19的一次性装载单元的一部分的透视图，为了清楚起见，移除了一次性装载单元的一些部件。
图21是沿着图20中的线21-21所截取的图20中所示的一次性装载单元的剖视图。
图22是图19-21的一次性装载单元的局部透视图，其中，外科缝合设备与一次性装载单元连接的部分用虚线示出。
图23是根据本发明的实施方式的一次性装载单元的一部分的透视图，其中，轴向驱动组件部分地经过其击发冲程。
图24是图23中所描述的一次性装载单元的一部分的另一个透视图，其中，轴向驱动组件处在其击发冲程结束时。
图25是在保持器组件已从轴向驱动组件脱离之后图23和24中所示的一次性装载单元的一部分的另一个透视图。
图26是根据本发明的另一种一次性装载单元的一部分的局部透视图，其中，为了清楚起见，移除了一次性装载单元的一些部件。
图27是图26中所示的一次性装载单元的一部分的分解装配图。
图28是图27中所示的轴向驱动组件的一部分的剖视图。
图29是图26-28的一次性装载单元的侧视图，为了清楚起见，移除了一次性装载单元的一些部件。
图30是图29的一次性装载单元的侧视图，其中，组织已经被夹紧在一次性装载单元的钉砧组件和钉仓之间。
图31是图29和30的一次性装载单元的另一个侧视图，其中，轴向驱动组件已被缩回以开始从钉砧臂释放钉砧销。
图32是图29-31的一次性装载单元的另一个侧视图，其中，钉砧销已完全脱离钉砧臂。
具体实施方式
参见附图，其中在所有附图中相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，图1描绘了不可关节运动的一次性装载单元16，其可以以例如在美国专利No.5,865,361中描述的方式与外科缝合设备结合使用，上述专利的公开内容被引用于此作为参考。应当理解，本文中所用的术语“近侧”和“远侧”是相对于抓握外科缝合设备的手柄组件的临床医生而言的。因此，一次性装载单元16相对于更近侧的手柄组件在远侧。进一步将会理解，为了方便和清楚起见，本文中所用的空间术语例如“竖直”、“水平”、“上”、“下”、“右”和“左”是相对于附图而言的。然而，外科器械可以在许多取向上和位置上被使用，并且这些术语并非意味着是限制性的和绝对的。
如图1所示，不可关节运动的一次性装载单元16通常可以包括工具组件17，该工具组件17用于执行外科手术，例如切割组织和在切口的每一侧上施加缝钉。具体而言，工具组件包括钉仓组件18，该钉仓组件18在其中容纳多个外科缝钉。工具组件17还包括具有钉砧部分204的缝钉成形钉砧组件20，钉砧部分204具有多个形成在其下表面中的缝钉变形凹部(未示出)。盖板208通常固定到钉砧部分204的上表面，以在其间限定钉砧腔。钉砧腔具有能够接收轴向驱动组件212的远端的尺寸。纵向槽214延伸通过钉砧部分204，以便于轴向驱动组件212的固定凸缘284通入钉砧腔内。凸轮表面209形成在钉砧部分204的近端上并且被定位成接合轴向驱动组件212以便于钉砧组件20闭合。
钉仓组件18通常包括承载器216，该承载器216限定细长的支撑通道218。细长的支撑通道218具有在其中能够接收钉仓220的尺寸和构造。如现有技术中已知，这种钉仓220支撑多个紧固件和推动器。多个间隔开的纵向槽230延伸通过钉仓220，以容纳致动滑车234的直立凸轮楔232。中间纵向槽282沿着钉仓220的长度延伸，以便于形成在轴向驱动组件212上的刀片280通过。在一次性装载单元16的操作过程中，致动滑车234平移通过钉仓220的纵向槽230以推进凸轮楔232，使得凸轮楔232顺序地与可操作地支撑在钉仓220中的推动器接触，从而使推动器在钉仓220内竖直地移动并且将与推动器相关联的紧固件(缝钉)推入到钉砧组件20的缝钉成形腔内。在钉砧部分204的近端上形成有一对枢转构件211，该对枢转构件211构造成被容纳在形成于承载器216中的槽213内，以使钉砧部分204能够在打开位置和夹紧组织位置之间枢转。
同样如图1所示，一次性装载单元16还具有外壳部分200，该外壳部分200适于咬合或以其它方式连接在承载器216上。轴向驱动组件212包括具有远侧工作头部268和近侧接合部分270的细长的驱动梁266。如已知的，驱动梁266可以由单块片材构造，或者优选地，由堆叠的多块片材构造。接合部分270包括一对接合指状部270a和270b，所述接合指状部270a和270b的尺寸和结构使其能够以安装的方式与形成在驱动构件272中的一对相应的保持槽272a接合。如在美国专利No.5,865,361中所讨论的，驱动构件272可以包括被构造用于接收控制杆的远端的近侧孔口(未示出)。
驱动梁266的远端包括竖直撑杆278和抵接表面283，其中，竖直撑杆278支撑刀片280，抵接表面283在缝合手术过程中接合致动滑车234的中间部分。表面285位于表面283的基部处并且被构造用于接收沿着承载器216的底部可滑动地定位的支撑构件287。刀片280通常被定位成在致动滑车234的稍后面平移通过钉仓220中的中间纵向槽282，以形成在缝合的身体组织排之间的切口。
固定凸缘284从竖直撑杆278向远侧凸出并且支撑在其远端处的凸轮销286。凸轮销286的尺寸和结构使其能够接合在钉砧部分204上的凸轮表面209，以抵靠身体组织夹紧钉砧部分204。另外，在钉砧部分204的近端和外壳200的远端部分之间可以设置板簧207，以将钉砧组件20偏压至常开位置。如在美国专利No.5,865,361中所描述的，一次性装载单元16还可以包括闭锁装置288和弹簧304配置。
图2示出了可关节运动的一次性装载单元16’，其包括具有钉砧组件20和钉仓组件18的工具组件17。钉砧组件20包括钉砧部分204，该钉砧部分204具有形成在其下表面中的多个缝钉变形凹部(未示出)。盖板208固定到钉砧部分204的上表面，以在盖板208和钉砧部分204之间限定钉砧腔。钉砧腔具有能够接收轴向驱动组件212的远端的尺寸。纵向槽214延伸通过钉砧部分204，以便于轴向驱动组件212的固定凸缘284进入钉砧腔内。形成在钉砧部分204上的凸轮表面209可以被定位成接合轴向驱动组件212，以便于夹紧在钉砧组件20和钉仓18之间的组织。
钉仓组件18包括支撑在其中的钉仓220的承载器216。钉仓220包括用于接收多个紧固件(缝钉)和推动器的保持槽225。多个间隔开的纵向槽225延伸通过钉仓220，以容纳致动滑车234的直立凸轮楔232。中间纵向槽282沿着钉仓220的长度延伸，以便于刀片280通过。在一次性装载单元16’的操作过程中，致动滑车234平移通过钉仓220的纵向槽225以推进凸轮楔232，使得凸轮楔232顺序地与被可操作地支撑在钉仓220中的推动器接触，以使推动器将紧固件驱使到钉砧组件20的缝钉成形腔内。在钉砧部分204上形成有一对枢转构件211，该对枢转构件211定位在形成于承载器216中的槽213内，以在打开位置和夹紧组织位置之间引导钉砧部分204。
可关节运动的装载单元16’还包括外壳部分200，该外壳部分200包括外壳上半部250和外壳下半部252。外壳上半部250的近端可以包括用于可释放地接合细长主体14的接合块254。如在美国专利No.5,865,361中所描述的，块254与主体14的远端形成卡口式连接。如图2还可以看出，轴向驱动组件212包括具有远侧工作头部268和近侧接合部分270的细长的驱动梁266。驱动梁266可以由单块片材构造，或者优选地由堆叠的多块片材构造。接合部分270包括一对接合指状部270a和270b，所述接合指状部270a和270b的尺寸和结构能够使其以装配的方式与形成在驱动构件272中的一对相应的保持槽272a接合。如美国专利No.5865361中所公开的，驱动构件272包括近侧孔口(未示出)，该近侧孔口被构造成在一次性装载单元16’的近端与外科缝合设备的细长主体14相接合时接收控制杆52的远端。驱动梁266的远端由竖直撑杆278和抵接表面283限定，该竖直撑杆278支撑刀片280，该抵接表面283在缝合手术过程中接合致动滑车234的中间部分。位于表面283的基部处的表面285可以被构造用于接收沿着承载器216的底部可活动地定位的支撑构件287。刀片280通常被定位成在致动滑车234的稍后面平移通过钉仓220中的中间纵向槽282，以在缝合的身体组织排之间形成切口。为了在驱动梁266沿轴向行进时向外壳200内的驱动梁266提供支撑，将刀片稳定构件290安装在外壳200内。固定凸缘284从竖直撑杆278向远侧凸出，并且支撑在其远端处的一对柱状凸轮辊子286。凸轮辊子286的尺寸和结构使其能够接合钉砧部分204上的凸轮表面209，以抵靠身体组织夹紧钉砧部分204。
如图2和3可见，可关节运动的装载单元16’包括关节接头340，该关节接头340包括安装组件202，该安装组件202包括上安装部分236和下安装部分238。枢销244形成在安装部分236，238中的每一个上，并且用于限定枢转轴线“A1-A1”，该枢转轴线可以基本上垂直于可关节运动的一次性装载单元16’的纵向轴线“L-L”。安装组件202通过一对连接构件246枢转地连接到外壳组件200的远端。每个连接构件246具有穿过其的孔247，该孔247用于接收穿过其的相应的销244。每个连接构件246的近端248被构造成联锁地容纳在形成于外壳上半部250的远端和外壳下半部252的远端中的相应的凹槽251内。在钉砧部分204的近端和上安装部分236之间设置一对弹簧207，以将钉砧组件20偏压至常开位置。如美国专利No.5，865，361中的教导，可以设置关节连接件256，以使工具组件17围绕关节轴线“A1-A1”相对于外壳组件200作关节运动。
已有一次性装载单元由于施加到击发系统上的增加的负载而不能被击发到较厚的组织(例如，厚度大于3.5mm的组织)中。这样的增加的负载例如能够增大当刀片280仍然处于钉砧组件20中时击发系统失效的可能性，并且由此可能需要将工具组件17从组织上切断。这样的失效模式可能会带来使患者严重受伤的后果。
图4示出了与外科缝合设备10一起使用的根据本发明的一次性装载单元116。图5示出了与外科缝合设备10一起使用的根据本发明的可关节运动的一次性装载单元116’。根据本发明的不可关节运动的一次性装载单元116除了以下将要详细说明的本发明改进之外类似于上述不可关节运动的装载单元16。可关节运动的一次性装载单元116’除了以下将要详细说明的本发明改进之外类似于上述可关节运动的装载单元16’。外科缝合设备10是如美国专利No.5,865,361中所描述的类型和构造，并且可以包括手柄组件12和细长的主体14，其中，上述专利通过引用合并在此。
图6至12示出了根据本发明的独特且新颖的钉砧释放组件400，该钉砧释放组件400可以成功地应用于根据本发明的不可关节运动的一次性装载单元116和可关节运动的一次性装载单元116’。在这些实施方式中，使用单个凸轮销286。凸轮销286咬合在形成于轴向驱动组件212的固定凸缘284中的承窝410内。参见图6。钉砧释放组件400还可以包括销条401形式的分离构件，该销条401为图7中所示的类型。从图7中可以看出，销条401可以包括至少一个上条部402和至少一个下条部404。在销条400的远端上可以设置加强件406。销条401可以被构造成咬合或者以其它方式连接到凸轮销286上。如图6所示，当销条401连接到凸轮销286上时，上条部402的上端延伸超出轴向驱动组件212的固定凸缘部分284的上表面267一短距离“U”，下条部404延伸超出轴向驱动组件212的固定凸缘部分284的下表面269一短距离“L”。在各种实施方式中，例如，“U”和“L”每个可以大约为0.02至0.04英寸。
现在将参照图8至11说明一次性装载单元116和116’的操作。图8示出了驱动组件212、凸轮销286和销条401在被向远侧驱动通过工具组件17时的各个位置。图8中未示出组织。图11示出了被夹紧在钉砧部分204和钉仓220之间的组织“T”。然而，在该图中，工具组件17中夹钳了过多组织“T”，由此导致驱动组件212在被沿着远侧方向“DD”驱动通过组织“T”时被卡住。此时，临床医生很容易地沿着近侧方向“PD”缩回驱动组件212。在轴向驱动组件212被缩回时，上条部402和下条部404分别钻进钉砧盖208’和钉砧基部204中。随着继续向轴向驱动组件212施加缩回力，凸轮销286从形成在轴向驱动组件212的固定凸缘284中的承窝410移出，由此允许轴向驱动组件212继续沿着近侧方向“PD”行进并且也允许钉砧组件20枢转打开(箭头“P”)以从工具组件17释放组织“T”。本领域技术人员可以理解，凸轮销286和承窝410必须相对于彼此确定尺寸，使得销286随着驱动组件212在卡住过程中被缩回而从承窝410移出。同样，上条部402和下条部404必须被构造成如上所述分别钻入或以其它方式接合盖208’和钉砧基部204。可以理解，当钉砧销286从轴向驱动组件212拆卸下时，连接有销条401的销286保持在形成于钉砧盖208和钉砧部分204之间的钉砧腔210内，以防止销286在患者体内丢失。
图12至18中描述了替代的驱动组件和承窝结构。类似的结构公开在Richard W.Timm，Frederick E.Shelton，IV和Jeffrey S.Swayze于2007年6月18日提交的题为“Surgical Stapling and CuttingInstrument With Improved Anvil Opening Features”、序列号为No.11/820077的共有的美国专利申请中，该美国专利申请的内容通过引用合并在此。例如，除了槽1410延伸到固定凸缘284的远端中之外，图12的轴向驱动组件1212与图6至11的实施方式基本相同。除了其固定凸缘284具有形成在其上的加强构件2214之外，图13的轴向驱动组件2212也与图6至11的实施方式类似。在图14的实施方式中，轴向驱动组件3212的固定凸缘284具有底切部分3214，槽3410初始弯曲闭合。当轴向驱动组件3212缩回时，销条400如上所述钻入，形成槽3410的底部3216被允许向下弯曲，以释放销286。在图15中所示的实施方式中，轴向驱动组件4212的固定凸缘284具有由可弯曲的挡板4216限定的槽4410，该挡板4216能够弯曲或变形以打开槽4410，从而允许销286从中移出。图16中所示的轴向驱动组件5212的固定凸缘284具有与第一销槽5410连通的第二槽5412，该第二槽5412能够使第一销槽5410打开到销286能够从其中释放的位置。在图6至16中所示的实施方式中，销286具有大致圆形横截面的形状。在图17和18所示的实施方式中，销6286具有横截面形状的尺寸能够容纳在槽6210内的部分，并且还具有侧翼或加力板6288，用于向销6286提供附加支撑并且使销6286在轴向驱动组件6212被沿远侧方向“DD”驱动时弯曲的任何可能性最小。
图19至22示出了根据本发明的另一种一次性装载单元7016，该一次性装载单元7016除了以下将要描述的独特且新颖的改进之外可以基本上类似于上述的不可关节运动的一次性装载单元16。如图19和20所示，一次性装载单元7016包括工具组件17，该工具组件17包括在其中容纳多个外科缝钉的钉仓220。工具组件17还包括缝钉成形钉砧组件7020。这种一次性装载单元7016可以执行例如切割组织和在切口的每一侧上施加缝钉的外科手术。钉砧组件7020通常包括钉砧部分7204，该钉砧部分7204具有形成在其下表面中的多个缝钉变形凹部(未示出)。盖板208通常固定到钉砧部分7204的上表面，以在盖板208和钉砧部分7204之间限定钉砧腔210。钉砧腔210具有能够接收轴向驱动组件7212的远端的尺寸。凸轮表面7209形成在钉砧部分7204的近端上并且被定位用于通过连接到固定凸缘7284的凸轮销7286与轴向驱动组件7212接合，以便于闭合钉砧组件7020。
一次性装载单元7016还包括承载器7216，该承载器7216以上述方式支撑钉仓220。外壳部分7200可以适于咬合或以其它方式连接到承载器7216。轴向驱动组件7212可以包括细长的驱动梁7266，该驱动梁7266具有远侧工作头部7268和近侧接合部分7270。驱动梁7266可以由单层材料构成，或者优选地由多个叠层构成。接合部分7270包括一对接合指状部7270a和7270b，所述接合指状部7270a和7270b的尺寸和结构被设置成能够以装配的方式与如上所述的驱动构件接合。如上所述，驱动构件可以包括被构造用于接收控制杆的远端的近侧孔口。
如图21所示，驱动梁7266的远端包括支撑刀片7280的竖直撑杆7278和在缝合手术中接合致动滑车的中间部分的抵接表面7283。在表面7283的基部处的表面7285被构造成容纳支撑构件7287，该支撑构件7287沿着承载器7216的底部可滑动地定位。刀片7280大体被定位成稍微在致动滑车后面移动通过钉仓220中的中间纵向槽，以在缝合身体组织的缝钉排之间形成切口。
固定凸缘7284从竖直撑杆7278朝远侧突出并且在其远端支撑凸轮销7286。凸轮销7286的尺寸和构造可以被确定成接合钉砧部分7204上的凸轮表面7209，以抵靠身体组织夹紧钉砧部分7204。另外，片簧可以设在钉砧部分7204的近端和外壳7200的远端部分之间，以将钉砧组件7020偏压到常开位置。
图19-22中描述的实施方式使用钉砧释放组件400’，该钉砧释放组件包括独特且新颖的伸缩式钉砧支撑组件7300，该钉砧支撑组件7300可以包括一对钉砧支撑杆7302，这对钉砧支撑杆7302容纳在钉砧部分7204中的开口7305内并且支撑在形成于其中的对应的突出部7207上。参见图21。钉砧支撑杆7302相对于彼此间隔开地被支撑，以在其间限定细长槽7309，以接收通过其的竖直撑杆7278和刀片7280。如图所示，当钉砧支撑杆7302支撑在它们各自的突出部7207上时，凸轮销7286跨在其上，以将钉砧组件7020朝向钉仓220推动到组织夹紧位置中。每个钉砧支撑杆7302的近端7304可以连接到滑动基部7310，该滑动基部7310被构造成在承载器7216和外壳7200内沿轴向滑动。滑动基部7310可以包括左侧部分7312和右侧部分7314，所述左侧部分7312和右侧部分7314位于驱动组件7212的相对侧上。释放连接器连接件7400连接到滑动基部7310，该释放连接器连接件7400在其近端上可以具有棘爪7402。
一次性装载单元7016可以与美国专利No.5865361中公开类型的以下述方式修改的传统外科缝合设备10结合使用。具体地，该外科缝合设备10具有可旋转把手28，外科钉合设备10的细长主体14连接在所述可旋转把手28上。该细长主体14被构造成以已知方式与一次性装载单元7016的近端中的棘爪254可操作地交接。但是，致动器把手7500可滑动地容纳在外科缝合设备10的细长主体14上并且连接到致动器杆7510，致动器杆7510容纳在细长主体14中并且具有延伸通过细长主体14中的轴向槽(未示出)的近端7512。致动器杆7510也具有远端7514，该远端7514具有钩形部7516，该钩形部7516适于在一次性装载单元7016连接到细长主体14的远端时可释放地接合连接器连接件7400上的突出部7402。参见图22。
在使用过程中，伸缩式支撑杆7302如图20和21所示定位。当支撑杆位于上述位置时，支撑杆7302支撑在其上面的凸轮销7286，使得凸轮销将钉砧组件7020保持在组织夹紧位置。从图20中可以看到，支撑杆7302容纳在钉砧部分7204中的开口内并且用于在钉砧部分7204中限定销接收开口，当轴向驱动组件7212在击发冲程结束(例如到达其最远侧位置)时凸轮销通过该销接收开口延伸，以使钉砧组件7020能够枢转到打开位置以将组织从钉砧组件7020释放。然而，如果在击发冲程中轴向驱动组件7212被卡住，临床医生可以简单地通过抓握致动器把手7500并且将其沿近侧方向“PD”轴向地运动到细长主体14上而将组织从工具组件17上释放。在使致动器把手7500沿近侧方向“PD”运动时，支撑杆7302也缩回到其不再支撑凸轮销7286的位置，由此允许凸轮销7286通过钉砧部分7204中的轴向延伸的槽7205。在凸轮销7286通过槽7205时，允许钉砧组件7020运动到打开位置，在该打开位置，工具组件可以从组织释放。从图19可以看出，一次性装载单元7016比传统的一次性装载单元16长出距离“D”，该距离“D”是为支撑杆7302缩回到外壳组件7200中提供期望的间隙大小的距离。因此，临床医生可以释放钉砧组件7020(例如，松开组织)，而不论轴向驱动组件7212在击发冲程中被卡在任何位置。
图23-25示出了替代的一次性装载单元8016的一部分，该一次性装载单元8016除了以下所述的独特且新颖的改进之外基本上类似于一次性装载单元16，16’。例如，该实施方式利用钉砧释放组件400”，该钉砧释放组件包括可活动的保持组件8100。在各种实施方式中，保持组件8100可以包括保持器主体8101，该保持器主体8101具有安装在其上的钉砧销8102和保持器销8104。保持器组件8100的尺寸能够使其在钉砧部分204中的轴向槽214内滑动，并且被构造成可释放地接合轴向驱动组件8212的保持器部分8284中的对应的槽口8285。轴向驱动组件8212可以类似于上述的轴向驱动组件212。保持器组件8100和槽口8285被构造成使得保持器组件在轴向驱动组件8212被驱动通过钉仓时松弛地连接，当轴向驱动组件8212缩回时，保持器组件8100和钉砧部分204之间的摩擦力将保持器组件8100保持就位并由此使轴向驱动组件8212从保持器组件8100分离。当轴向驱动组件8212从保持器组件8100分离时，允许钉砧组件8020枢转到打开位置。因此，不管在击发冲程中轴向驱动组件8212被卡在任何位置，临床医生可以简单地缩回轴向驱动组件8212，这导致轴向驱动组件8212从保持器组件8100上分离并且由此允许钉砧组件8020枢转打开并释放其中的组织。从图24和25可以看到，当轴向驱动组件8212在击发冲程结束时，钉砧销8102落入钉砧部分204中的横向槽215内并由此有利于轴向驱动组件8212从保持器组件8100上分离，从而使钉砧组件8020能够枢转到打开位置。参见图25。可以理解的是，当钉砧组件8020枢转到打开位置时，由于保持器销8104比横向槽215大，因此保持器组件8100仍保持钉砧部分204。因此，保持器组件8100将不会从钉砧组件8020分离并且不可能丢失在患者体内。
图26-32示出了替代的一次性装载单元9016的一部分，其除了下述独特且新颖的改进外与一次性装载单元16，16’基本上相同。例如，该实施方式利用钉砧释放组件9000，该钉砧释放组件9000包括可枢转的钉砧臂9100，该钉砧臂9100适于可释放地接合钉砧销9102。可枢转的钉砧臂9100的尺寸使其能够容纳在形成于轴向驱动组件9212的分叉远端9213中的槽9215内。轴向驱动组件9212可以类似于如上所述的轴向驱动组件212。更具体地并参照图28，远端9213可以形成有止推部9217、远侧突出部9219和枢轴槽9220。从图27可以看出，可枢转的钉砧臂9100具有从其每个侧面伸出的枢轴9104，该枢轴9104容纳在枢轴槽9220内。可枢转的钉砧臂9100的顶部具有形成在其中用于与轴向驱动组件9212上的止推部9217相接合的止推槽口9106。可枢转的钉砧臂9100的远侧上端也具有形成在其中用于与钉砧销9102相接合的销槽口9108。钉砧销9102在其中可以设有凹槽(未示出)，该凹槽适于摩擦地接收可枢转的钉砧臂9100的一部分，以可释放地连接可枢转的钉砧臂9100的钉砧销9102。可以利用其它方法可释放地将钉砧销9102连接到可枢转的钉砧臂9100而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。
以下参照图30-32描述一次性装载单元9016的操作。图30示出了夹在一次性装载单元9016中的一部分组织“T”，其中，轴向驱动组件9212被卡住。从图中可以看出，枢转销9104位于槽9220的近端中，由位于钉砧部分204和钉仓220之间的组织产生的力“F”朝上推动钉砧销9102。为了释放组织“T”，临床医生沿近侧方向“PD”缩回轴向驱动组件9212，这使得钉砧臂9100能够如图31中的箭头“P”所示枢转。在钉砧组件9020朝上枢转时，钉砧销9102上的力“F”消失。轴向驱动组件9212沿近侧方向运动基本上等于槽9220的长度的距离，使得钉砧销能够如图32所示从钉砧臂9100完全释放，由此使得钉砧组件9020能够枢转到打开位置。当这种情况发生时，钉砧销9102被保持在形成于钉砧部分204和钉砧盖板208之间的钉砧腔210内。
尽管描述了本发明的一些实施方式，然而应当理解，本领域的普通技术人员可以想到对这些实施方式的各种修改、改变和适配，并且可以获得本发明的一些和所有优点。例如，根据各种实施方式，为了执行指定的一个功能或多个功能，单一部件可以由多个部件替换，并且多个部件可以由单一部件替换。因此，本申请意在覆盖所有这样的修改、改变和适配，而不脱离由所附权利要求限定的本发明的范围和精神。
所述通过引用被部分或全部并入本文的任何专利、公开文献或其他公开资料仅仅在被引用的材料不会与本公开中存在的定义、声明或上述其他公开资料相冲突的程度上被引入。因而，必要时，在这里清楚阐述的公开内容替代通过引用并入本文的任何冲突资料。所述通过引用并入本文，但是与现有的定义、声明或在此阐述的其他公开资料相冲突的任何资料或其一部分，将仅仅在被引用资料和现有的公开资料之间不产生冲突的程度上被引入。
希望得到保护的本发明不应当被理解成限制到所公开的特定实施方式。因此，所述实施方式应当被认为是示例性的而不是限制性的。在不脱离本发明精神的情况下，任何人可以对本发明进行改变和变化。因此，明确地希望落入由权利要求书限定的本发明的精神和范围内的所有这样的等同物、改变和变化被包含于此。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于连接到外科缝合设备的一次性装载单元，所述一次性装载单元包括：
钉仓，其支撑在能够可操作地连接到所述外科缝合设备上的承载器中；
钉砧组件，其可活动地连接到所述承载器，以便能相对于所述钉仓在打开位置和闭合位置之间选择性地活动行进；
具有远端部分的轴向驱动组件，所述远端部分被构造成响应从所述外科缝合设备施加到所述轴向驱动组件的驱动运动沿远侧方向运动通过所述钉仓中的槽，并且也响应从所述外科缝合设备施加到所述轴向驱动组件的缩回运动沿近侧方向运动通过所述钉仓中的所述槽，所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分被构造成当所述轴向驱动组件在所述钉仓中的所述槽内被沿所述远侧方向驱动时向所述钉砧组件施加闭合力；和
钉砧释放组件，其与所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分以及所述钉砧组件可操作地协作，用于选择性地使所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分中止向所述钉砧组件施加所述闭合力，而不论所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分位于所述钉仓中的所述槽内的任何位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述钉砧释放组件包括：
钉砧销，其可释放地连接到所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分并且定位成在所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分被向所述远侧方向驱动时向所述钉砧组件施加所述闭合力；和
与所述钉砧销交接的分离构件，所述分离构件用于在向所述轴向驱动组件施加缩回运动时使所述钉砧销脱离所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述分离构件包括销条，所述销条连接到所述钉砧销并且被构造成在向所述轴向驱动组件施加缩回运动时接合所述钉砧组件的至少一部分，由此使得所述钉砧销脱离所述轴向驱动组件。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述钉砧释放组件包括支撑组件，所述支撑组件由所述钉砧组件可活动地支撑并且能够在第一位置和缩回位置之间选择性地运动，在所述第一位置，所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分向所述钉砧组件施加所述闭合力，在所述缩回位置，所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分不向所述钉砧组件施加所述闭合力，由此使得所述钉砧组件能够运动到所述打开位置。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述支撑组件包括可活动地支撑在所述钉砧组件中的轴向槽内的一对支撑杆，所述支撑杆彼此间隔开以允许所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分在所述支撑杆之间可活动地通过，所述支撑杆能够在所述第一位置和所述缩回位置之间选择性地运动，在所述第一位置，所述支撑杆支撑位于所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分上的钉砧销，在所述缩回位置，所述钉砧销不由所述支撑杆支撑并且允许从所述钉砧组件脱离。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述支撑组件还包括：
缩回连接件，其连接到所述支撑杆；和
致动器把手，其可操作地支撑在所述外科缝合设备的一部分上并且被构造成可拆卸地连接到所述缩回连接件，使得当所述致动器把手被致动时能够向所述缩回连接件施加缩回运动。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述钉砧释放组件包括保持器，所述保持器由所述钉砧组件可活动地支撑并且可释放地连接到所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分，使得当向所述轴向驱动组件施加缩回运动时，所述保持器脱离所述轴向驱动组件，由此使所述钉砧组件能够运动到所述打开位置。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述保持器包括：
保持器主体，其尺寸被设置成能够使其在所述钉砧组件中的轴向延伸的第一钉砧槽内运动，并且所述保持器主体被构造成可释放地接合所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端中的保持器槽口；
横向钉砧销，其连接到所述保持器主体，使得所述钉砧销横跨所述钉砧组件中的所述轴向延伸的第一钉砧槽，所述横向钉砧销的尺寸被设置成能够使所述横向钉砧销通过位于所述第一钉砧槽的远端处的第二钉砧槽；和
横向保持器销，其连接到所述保持器主体，使得所述保持器销横跨所述第一钉砧槽并且不能通过所述第二钉砧槽。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述钉砧释放组件包括：
钉砧臂，其可活动地连接到所述轴向驱动组件的所述远端部分；和
横向钉砧销，其与所述钉砧臂可拆卸地接合并且被定位成在所述轴向驱动组件被沿着所述远侧方向驱动时向所述钉砧组件施加所述闭合力，在所述轴向驱动组件被施加缩回力时所述横向钉砧销脱离所述钉砧臂。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一次性装载单元，其中，所述钉砧臂可活动地连接到所述轴向驱动组件，使得所述钉砧臂能够相对于所述轴向驱动组件沿轴向运动并且能够相对于所述轴向驱动组件枢转。
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BRPI0903067B1 (pt) 2019-08-13
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RU2009105058A (ru) 2010-08-20
JP2009189826A (ja) 2009-08-27
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US7857185B2 (en) 2010-12-28
US20090206134A1 (en) 2009-08-20

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