CN101572054A - 有机电致发光显示装置及其驱动方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
提供一种有机电致发光显示装置及其驱动方法。有机电致发光显示装置包括:电源单元,用于输出驱动电压、基础电压和参考电压;源极驱动单元,用于输出数据电压;栅极驱动单元,用于输出正扫描信号和负扫描信号;定时控制单元,用于控制该源极驱动单元和该栅极驱动单元;以及显示单元,用于接收所述驱动电压、所述基础电压、所述参考电压、所述正扫描信号和负扫描信号,该显示单元包括有机发光二极管,该有机发光二极管具有取决于该数据电压的驱动电流。
Description
本申请要求享受于2008年4月30日在韩国提交的韩国专利申请No.10-2008-0040472的优先权,这里将该申请引入作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及一种有机电致发光显示装置,尤其涉及一种有机电致发光显示装置及驱动该显示装置的方法。
背景技术
已经提出和发展了有机电致发光显示(OELD)装置,用于解决液晶显示(LCD)装置不能自发光的问题。OELD装置是一种可自发光的显示装置,它通过电激励荧光有机化合物的方式来发光。OELD装置可由低压驱动,且其厚度相对较薄。在每个像素中包含作为开关元件的薄膜晶体管的OELD装置,可称为有源矩阵OELD(AMOELD)装置。
图1是根据相关技术第一实施方式的有机电致发光显示装置的像素结构图,图1所示的像素包括两个晶体管和一个电容器。
在图1中,像素包括开关晶体管SW、电容器C、驱动晶体管DR和有机发光二极管OLED。开关晶体管SW和驱动晶体管DR都是含有非晶硅(a-Si:H)的薄膜晶体管,且都是NMOS(n沟道金属氧化物半导体)晶体管。
开关晶体管SW的栅极连接到扫描线S,源极连接到数据线D。电容器C的一个电极连接到开关晶体管SW的漏极,另一个电极连接到可以为接地电位的基础电压(base voltage)VSS。驱动晶体管DR的栅极连接到开关晶体管SW的漏极和电容器C的一个电极,驱动晶体管DR的源极连接到基础电压VSS,漏极连接到有机发光二极管OLED的阴极。有机发光二极管OLED的阳极连接到提供驱动电压的电源线VDD上。
下面将结合图2,说明具有图1所示像素结构的有机电致发光显示装置的驱动方法。图2所示是图1中有机电致发光显示装置的时序图。
开关晶体管SW由正选择电压VGH导通,该正选择电压从栅极驱动电路(未绘示)供应到第n条扫描线S(n)(n是自然数),由提供给数据线D的数据电压Vdata向电容器C充电。因为驱动晶体管DR是n型沟道,所以数据电压Vdata是正的。流经驱动晶体管DR沟道的电流强度,取决于储存在电容器C内的数据电压Vdata与驱动电压VDD之间的电位差,有机发光二极管OLED根据电流强度来发光。
在两个晶体管和一个电容器的像素结构中,为了在施加数据电压Vdata之后持续保持驱动晶体管DR导通,含有非晶硅(a-Si:H)的驱动晶体管DR接收储存在电容器C中的正电压。这加速了驱动晶体管DR的退化,引起驱动晶体管DR的阈值电压和迁移率的改变。因此,供应到有机发光二极管OLED上的电流不稳定,同时降低了显示图像的质量。
为了解决上述问题,提出了另外一种像素结构。
图3是根据相关技术第二实施方式的有机电致发光显示装置的像素结构图,图4是图3中有机电致发光显示装置的时序图。图3所示是含有四个晶体管和两个电容器的像素,图3所示像素包括两个相互对称的部分,每个部分都含有图1所示的两个晶体管和一个电容器(2T-1C)的结构。图3所示的晶体管是NMOS晶体管。
通过在另一2T-1C部分的响应时间里,施加负电压到2T-1C部分的驱动晶体管上,来补偿退化,且在每一帧中交替进行退化补偿。
参照图3和图4,一段扫描时间1ST被分成两部分,且第一扫描信号Vg1和第二扫描信号Vg2连续地施加到第一扫描线S1和第二扫描线S2上。
在偶数帧中,在施加第一扫描信号Vg1的时间期间,通过第一开关晶体管SW1和第一驱动晶体管DR1将具有常规电平(normal level)的数据电压Vdata施加给像素。之后,在施加第二扫描信号Vg2的时间t1和t2期间,通过第二开关晶体管SW2施加具有负电压值的数据电压Vdata,从而补偿第二驱动晶体管DR2的退化。
类似地,在奇数帧中,在施加第二扫描信号Vg2的时间期间,通过第二开关晶体管SW2和第二驱动晶体管DR2将具有常规电平的数据电压Vdata施加给像素上。之后,在施加第一扫描信号Vg1的时间t3和t4期间,通过第一开关晶体管SW1施加具有负电压值的数据电压Vdata,从而补偿第一驱动晶体管DR1的退化。
但是,相关技术的第二实施方式中,在每一帧上交替补偿第一和第二驱动晶体管DR1和DR2,这需要比相关技术的第一实施方式更多的晶体管和电容器。另外,扫描线数量也增加了。而且,驱动速度必须比相关技术的第一实施方式中的速度至少快两倍,或是栅极驱动IC的数量需要增加,这是因为图4中的一段扫描时间1ST被分为两部分从而施加了两个扫描信号。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面,提供一种有机电致发光显示装置,包括电源单元,用于输出驱动电压、基础电压和参考电压;源极驱动单元,用于输出数据电压;栅极驱动单元,用于输出正扫描信号和负扫描信号;定时控制单元,用于控制该源极驱动单元和该栅极驱动单元;以及显示单元,用于接收所述驱动电压、所述基础电压、所述参考电压、所述正扫描信号和负扫描信号,该显示单元包括有机发光二极管,该有机发光二极管具有取决于该数据电压的驱动电流。
根据本发明的又一方面,提供一种有机电致发光显示装置,包括第一开关晶体管,包括连接到扫描线的栅极和连接到数据线的源极;第二开关晶体管,包括连接到参考电压的栅极和连接到该扫描线的源极;驱动晶体管,包括连接到所述第一和第二开关晶体管的漏极的栅极和连接到基础电压的源极;电容器,连接到该驱动晶体管的栅极和所述基础电压;以及有机发光二极管,连接到该驱动晶体管的漏极和驱动电压。
根据本发明的再一方面,提供一种有机电致发光显示装置的驱动方法,包括将正扫描信号施加到第一开关晶体管;通过该第一开关晶体管将数据电压施加到驱动晶体管,并使该数据电压与该正扫描信号同步,由此向有机发光二极管提供驱动电流;以及将参考电压和负扫描信号施加到第二开关晶体管,由此向该驱动晶体管提供该负扫描信号,其中所述参考电压具有负电压值,且所述负扫描信号低于该参考电压。
需要理解的是,前面对本发明的大致说明以及后面的详细说明都是示范性的和解释性的,目的在于提供对所要求保护的本发明的进一步解释。所属领域的技术人员在了解附图和详细说明后,将容易得到本发明的其它系统、方法、特征和优点。本部分不作为对权利要求的限制。下面将结合具体实施方式对本发明的进一步的方面和优点进行讨论。本发明的附加特征和优点将在后面的说明书中阐明,部分从说明书将变得显而易见,或是可从本发明的实践中得到。通过书面说明书及权利要求以及附图中具体指出的结构,可以实现和获得本发明的目的和其它优点。
附图说明
参照下面的附图和说明书,将更容易理解本发明的系统和/或方法。参照附图描述的实施方式是非限制性和非排他性的。图中所示元件并非按实际大小,重点在于解释本发明的原理。在这些图中,相似的附图标记在不同的图中指代对应的部分。附图包含在本申请中构成本申请的一部分,用以提供对本发明的进一步理解。附图例示了本发明的多个实施方式,并与说明书一起用来解释本发明的原理。在图中:
图1是根据相关技术第一实施方式的有机电致发光显示装置的像素结构图;
图2是图1中有机电致发光显示装置的时序图;
图3是根据相关技术第二实施方式的有机电致发光显示装置的像素结构图;
图4是图3中有机电致发光显示装置的时序图;
图5是示意性示出根据本发明示范性实施方式的有机电致发光显示装置的视图;
图6是根据本发明示范性实施方式的有机电致发光显示装置的像素结构图;
图7是根据本发明示范性实施方式的有机电致发光显示装置的扫描信号的时序图;以及
图8是示出根据本发明示范性实施方式中有机电致发光显示装置操作的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将详细地描述本发明的实施方式,其中的一些实例在附图中示出。
图5是示意性示出根据本发明示范性实施方式的有机电致发光显示装置的视图。
在图5中,有机电致发光显示装置100包括电源单元10、源极驱动单元20、栅极驱动单元30、定时控制单元40和显示单元50。
电源单元10为源极驱动单元20、栅极驱动单元30、定时控制单元40和显示单元50产生并提供电源。特别是,电源单元10为显示单元50的每个像素提供驱动电压VDD、基础电压VSS(例如可以为接地电位)和参考电压Vref。
源极驱动单元20将对应于图像数据的数据电压Vdata输出到显示单元50。栅极驱动单元30将正扫描信号Vg+和负扫描信号Vg-输出到显示单元50,栅极驱动单元30输出正扫描信号比输出负扫描信号更频繁,或是交替输出正扫描信号和负扫描信号。后面将做详细说明。
定时控制单元40提供控制信号来控制源极驱动单元20和栅极驱动单元30。定时控制单元40还向源极驱动单元20提供图像数据。
显示单元50包括多个像素,且每个像素都含有有机发光二极管。
下面将参照图6更详细地描述像素的结构。参照图6,像素包括第一开关晶体管SW1、第二开关晶体管SW2、驱动晶体管DR、电容器C和有机发光二极管OLED。第一开关晶体管SW1连接到扫描线S和数据线D。第一开关晶体管SW1和第二开关晶体管SW2最好是NMOS(n沟道金属氧化物半导体)晶体管。
第一开关晶体管SW1从数据线D接收数据电压Vdata,根据经由扫描线S提供的正扫描信号Vg+而进行切换,从而向驱动晶体管DR输出数据电压Vdata。数据电压Vdata是正的,因为驱动晶体管DR是NMOS晶体管。正扫描信号Vg+可以具有约+15V的高电平电压Vg+H和约-7V的低电平电压Vg+L。电容器C由数据电压Vdata充电。流经驱动晶体管DR的沟道的电流强度取决于冲入电容器C的电压和驱动电压VDD之间的电位差。有机发光二极管OLED根据电流强度来发光,并确定发光量。
参考电压Vref输入到第二开关晶体管SW2的栅极,负扫描信号Vg-输入到第二开关晶体管SW2的源极。此时,第二开关晶体管SW2根据参考电压Vref和负扫描信号Vg-之间的电位差而进行切换。
更具体地,由于第二开关晶体管SW2是NMOS晶体管,所以第二开关晶体管SW2在负扫描信号Vg-低于参考电压Vref时切换为导通状态,在负扫描信号Vg-高于参考电压Vref时切换为断开状态。
因此,在本发明中,参考电压Vref与正扫描信号Vg+的高电平电压Vg+H和低电平电压Vg+L有如下关系式:
-[(Vg+H)-(Vg+L)]<Vref<Vg+L
例如,当正扫描信号Vg+的高电平电压Vg+H是+15V且低电平电压Vg+L是-7V时,参考电压Vref的选择范围是-22V到-7V。
另外,负扫描信号Vg-的范围是根据参考电压Vref的选择而确定的。由于第二开关晶体管SW2是NMOS晶体管,所以负扫描信号Vg-的高电平电压Vg-H高于参考电压Vref,负扫描信号Vg-的低电平电压Vg-L低于参考电压Vref。
这里,负扫描信号Vg-的高电平电压Vg-H和低电平电压Vg-L值以及施加时间,会直接影响驱动晶体管DR的退化补偿情况,而且设计者可以选择不同的值和时间。例如,负扫描信号Vg-的低电平电压Vg-L的施加时间可以高于扫描信号的通常施加时间的10%,以及低于0.25秒。
下面将参照附图说明根据本发明的有机电致发光显示装置的操作,特别是图5中显示单元50的操作。
图7是根据本发明示范性实施方式的有机电致发光显示装置扫描信号的时序图,图8是示出根据本发明示范性实施方式的有机电致发光显示装置操作的流程图。
如图7所示,在本发明的有机电致发光显示装置中,施加具有高电平电压Vg+H和低电平电压Vg+L的正扫描信号Vg+,用于补偿图6中的驱动晶体管DR的退化,负电压值的负扫描信号Vg-周期性地施加到驱动晶体管DR预定的时间量。这里,负扫描信号Vg-的高电平电压Vg-H可以与正扫描信号Vg+的低电平电压Vg+L具有相同的值。
参照图8,在第一步st1中,栅极驱动单元30在第(n-1)帧的扫描时间t11和第n帧的扫描时间t12期间,通过扫描线S将正扫描信号Vg+施加到第一开关晶体管SW1。这时,由于第一开关晶体管SW1是NMOS晶体管,正扫描信号Vg+可以具有如上所述的约+15V的高电平电压Vg+H和约-7V的低电平电压Vg+L。这里,将比施加到第二开关晶体管SW2的栅极的参考电压Vref高的正扫描信号Vg+施加到第二开关晶体管SW2的源极,这样,第二开关晶体管SW2就保持断开的状态。
然后,在第二步st2中,图5中的数据驱动单元20通过数据线D传输出数据电压Vdata到第一开关晶体管SW1,并使数据电压Vdata与正扫描信号Vg+同步。当第一开关晶体管SW1导通时,将数据电压Vdata提供给驱动晶体管DR,并且有机发光二极管OLED根据流经驱动晶体管DR的沟道的电流强度来发光。
在第三步st3中,在图7的第(n+1)帧的扫描时间t13期间,将负电压值的参考电压Vref提供给第二开关晶体管SW2的栅极,将负扫描信号Vg-(其具有比参考电压Vref低的负电压值)从栅极驱动单元30施加到第二开关晶体管SW2的源极。因此,第二开关晶体管SW2导通,负扫描信号Vg-被提供给驱动晶体管DR。这里,由于负扫描信号Vg-施加到第一开关晶体管SW1,所以第一开关晶体管保持断开的状态。
在第四步st4中,施加到驱动晶体管DR的栅极的电压具有负电压值,这样由于数据电压Vdata可进行退化补偿。
这样,有机电致发光显示装置根据第一步st1和第二步st2来正常显示图像,根据第三步st3和第四步st4来补偿驱动晶体管的退化。同时,退化补偿可以根据设计者的选择,每隔一帧执行或是在显示了几帧图像之后执行。
与相关技术相比,在本发明中利用相对简单的像素结构以及较低的制造成本补偿了驱动晶体管的退化。
在不背离本发明精神或范围的情况下,所属领域的技术人员显然可对本发明进行各种改型和变化。这里所提供的具体实施方式的附图意在提供对各种实施方式的结构的大体理解,而并非穷举了使用在此描述的结构或方法的装置和系统的所有元件和特征。所属领域的技术人员在了解本发明公开内容后,应容易得到其它多种实施方式。在不脱离本发明公开内容的范围的情况下,根据本发明公开内容可获得和使用其它多种实施方式,进行各种结构和逻辑替换以及改变。另外,附图只是代表性的,不必按比例绘制。附图中的某些部分可以扩大,而其他部分可以最小化。因此,说明书和附图只是说明性的,并非限制性的。上述公开的具体说明应被视为说明性的,而不是限制性的,且所附的权利要求意在涵盖落入本发明实质精神和范围内的所有改型、优化和其它实施方式。
Claims (12)
1.一种有机电致发光显示装置,包括:
电源单元,用于输出驱动电压、基础电压和参考电压;
源极驱动单元,用于输出数据电压;
栅极驱动单元,用于输出正扫描信号和负扫描信号;
定时控制单元,用于控制该源极驱动单元和该栅极驱动单元;以及
显示单元,用于接收所述驱动电压、所述基础电压、所述参考电压、所述正扫描信号和负扫描信号,该显示单元包括有机发光二极管,该有机发光二极管具有取决于该数据电压的驱动电流。
2、根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,所述显示单元包括:
第一开关晶体管,根据该正扫描信号导通并输出该数据电压;
第二开关晶体管,根据该参考电压和该负扫描信号之间的电位差导通并输出该负扫描信号;
驱动晶体管,根据从该第一开关晶体管输出的数据电压向该有机发光二极管提供驱动电流;以及
电容器,用于储存从该第一开关晶体管输出的数据电压。
3、根据权利要求2所述的装置,其特征在于,所述栅极驱动单元输出该正扫描信号比输出该负扫描信号更频繁,或是交替输出该正扫描信号和该负扫描信号。
4、根据权利要求3所述的装置,其特征在于,所述正扫描信号具有正电压值的高电平电压和负电压值的低电平电压,所述负扫描信号具有负电压值的低电平电压。
5、根据权利要求4所述的装置,其特征在于,所述负扫描信号的低电平电压低于所述正扫描信号的低电平电压。
6、根据权利要求4所述的装置,其特征在于,所述负扫描信号的低电平电压低于所述参考电压。
7、根据权利要求6所述的装置,其特征在于,所述参考电压满足关系式:-[(Vg+H)-(Vg+L)]<Vref<Vg+L,其中,Vref是参考电压,Vg+H是正扫描信号的高电平电压,Vg+L是正扫描信号的低电平电压。
8、根据权利要求7所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第一开关晶体管和所述第二开关晶体管都是NMOS晶体管。
9、一种有机电致发光显示装置,包括:
第一开关晶体管,包括连接到扫描线的栅极和连接到数据线的源极;
第二开关晶体管,包括连接到参考电压的栅极和连接到该扫描线的源极;
驱动晶体管,包括连接到所述第一和第二开关晶体管的漏极的栅极和连接到基础电压的源极;
电容器,连接到该驱动晶体管的栅极和所述基础电压;以及
有机发光二极管,连接到该驱动晶体管的漏极和驱动电压。
10、一种有机电致发光显示装置的驱动方法,包括:
将正扫描信号施加到第一开关晶体管;
通过该第一开关晶体管将数据电压施加到驱动晶体管,并使该数据电压与该正扫描信号同步,由此向有机发光二极管提供驱动电流;以及
将参考电压和负扫描信号施加到第二开关晶体管,由此向该驱动晶体管提供该负扫描信号,其中所述参考电压具有负电压值,且所述负扫描信号低于该参考电压。
11、根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述参考电压满足关系式:-[(Vg+H)-(Vg+L)]<Vref<Vg+L,其中,Vref是参考电压,Vg+H是正扫描信号的高电平电压,Vg+L是正扫描信号的低电平电压。
12、根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一开关晶体管和所述第二开关晶体管都是NMOS晶体管。
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