CN101535250A - 吡咯的衍生物、它们的制备和它们在治疗中的用途 - Google Patents
吡咯的衍生物、它们的制备和它们在治疗中的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101535250A CN101535250A CNA2007800429161A CN200780042916A CN101535250A CN 101535250 A CN101535250 A CN 101535250A CN A2007800429161 A CNA2007800429161 A CN A2007800429161A CN 200780042916 A CN200780042916 A CN 200780042916A CN 101535250 A CN101535250 A CN 101535250A
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Abstract
本目的为对应于式(I)化合物,其中A代表:未取代或取代的(C1-C6)亚烷基;式(II)基团,同时m=0、1或2和p=0或1;R1代表氢或(C1-C2)烷基;R2代表:未取代的或取代的(C3-C10)烷基;未取代的或取代的非芳族(C3-C12)碳环状基团;未取代的或取代的杂环基团;取代的(C1-C3)亚烷基;NR10R11基团;R9代表官能团或杂环基团;制备方法和在治疗中的应用。
Description
本发明涉及4,5-二苯基吡咯-2-酰胺的衍生物、它们的制备和它们在治疗中的应用。
具有对大麻素受体CB1的亲和力的4,5-二苯基吡咯-2-酰胺的衍生物已经被描述在专利申请WO 2006/024777中。
如今已找到在吡咯的氮上带有特定取代基的4,5-二苯基吡咯-2-酰胺的新衍生物,其具有位于中枢和/或外周(au niveau central et/oupériphérique)的大麻素受体CB1拮抗性质。
本发明目的为对应于下式的化合物:
其中:
-A代表:
.(C1-C6)亚烷基,其是未取代的或用(C1-C3)烷基取代一次或多次;
-R1代表氢或(C1-C4)烷基;
-R2代表:
.(C3-C10)烷基,其是未取代的或用三氟甲基取代;羟基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、氟原子或CONH2基团;
.非芳族C3-C12碳环状基团,其是未取代的或用(C1-C4)烷基、羟基、氰基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、COR12基团或氟原子取代一次或多次;
.2,3-二氢化茚基;
.1,2,3,4-四氢萘基-1或-2;
.5-7个原子的含单氧或单硫的杂环基团,其是未取代的或用(C1-C4)烷基取代一次或多次;
.5-7个原子的含单氮的杂环基团,其是未取代的或用(C1-C4)烷基取代一次或多次,其中氮原子还用以下基团取代:(C1-C4)烷基、苯基、苄基、(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基或(C1-C4)烷酰基,所述苯基或苄基是未取代的或用卤素原子、(C1-C4)烷基、三氟甲基、羟基、或(C1-C4)烷氧基取代一次或多次;
.苯并苯硫基、吲哚基,所述基团是未取代的或用(C1-C4)烷基取代一次或多次;
.带有非芳族C3-C10碳环状基团的(C1-C3)亚烷基,其是未取代的或用(C1-C4)烷基、羟基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、氰基或COR12基团取代一次或多次;
.带有5-7个原子的含单氧、单硫或单氮的杂芳族或非杂芳族杂环基团的(C1-C3)亚烷基,其是未取代的或用(C1-C4)烷基取代一次或多次;
.带有吲哚基或苯并苯硫基的(C1-C3)亚烷基,所述基团是未取代的或用(C1-C4)烷基取代一次或多次,且该亚烷基是未取代的或用羟基、甲基或甲氧基或用COR12基团取代;
.带有(C1-C4)烷基硫代基的(C1-C3)亚烷基;
.苯基亚烷基,其中亚烷基为(C1-C3),该苯基亚烷基是未取代的或在亚烷基上用一个或多个甲基、羟基、羟甲基、甲氧基、甲氧基甲基、COR12基团取代,和在苯基上是未取代的或在苯基上用一个或多个相同或不同的选自以下的取代基取代:卤素原子或(C1-C4)烷基、三氟甲基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、三氟甲氧基;
.二苯甲基(benzydryle)或二苯甲基甲基(benzydryleméthyle);
.基团NR10R11;
-或R1和R2与跟它们连接的氮原子一起构成:
.或者吗啉基,
.或者哌嗪-1-基或1,4-二氮杂环庚烷-1-基(1,4-diazépan-yle),其是未取代的或用苯基、苄基、苯并二呋喃基(benzodioxolyle)、苯并二呋喃基甲基(benzodioxolyleméthyle)、四氢呋喃基羰基或用COR12或CH2COR12基团取代,所述苄基本身是未取代的或用一个或多个卤素原子或用一个或多个甲氧基或甲氧基甲基取代;
.或者哌啶-1-基、吡咯烷-1-基或氮杂环丁烷-1-基,其是未取代的或用每个独立地选自以下的取代基取代一次或两次:
-氟原子,(C1-C4)烷基、羟基、氰基、COR12、NR13R14、NHCOR15、CH2COR12、SO2Alk;或SO2NR13R14;
-苯基、苄基、吡啶基,所述苯基、苄基或吡啶基是未取代的或用每个独立选自以下的取代基取代一次或多次:卤素原子、甲基、三氟甲基、羟基、(C1-C4)烷氧基和氰基;
-哌啶-1-基、吡咯烷-1-基、氮杂环丁烷-1-基,所述哌啶-1-基、吡咯烷-1-基或氮杂环丁烷-1-基是未取代的或用氟原子、(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、羟基、三氟甲基和OCF3取代一次或多次;
-R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8每个彼此独立地代表氢原子或卤素原子、CN、S(O)nALK、OS(O)nALK基团、未取代的或用每个独立选自氟原子、OALK、S(O)nALK、OS(O)nALK和NHSO2Alk的取代基取代一次或多次的(C1-C7)烷基或未取代的或用一个或多个每个独立选自氟原子、OALK、S(O)nALK、OS(O)nALK和NHSO2Alk的取代基取代的(C1-C6)烷氧基;
-R9代表-OH、-CN、-CO2H、NR13R14、-CONR13R14、-NR1COR13、-CONHNH2、-CONHOH、-CONHSO2Alk、-S(O)nAlk、-SO2CF3、-SO2NR13R14、-NR1SO2Alk、-NR1SO2CF3、-NR1SO2NR13R14或选自以下的基团:
-R10代表氢原子或甲基;
-R11代表(C3-C6)烷基、苯基或(C3-C10)环烷基,所述苯基和环烷基是未取代的或用一个或多个独立选自以下的取代基取代:卤素原子或(C1-C4)烷基或三氟甲基;
-或R10和R11与跟它们连接的氮原子一起构成:4-11个原子的饱和或非饱和的桥连或非桥连的杂环基团,其包含或不包含螺碳原子(carbone spirannique)和包含或不包含选自O或N的第二杂原子,所述基团是未取代的或用每个独立选自以下的取代基取代一次或多次:羟基、(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)烷氧基-羰基、COR12或苯基,该苯基是未取代的或用一个或多个每个独立选自卤素原子和(C1-C4)烷基的取代基取代;
-R12代表(C1-C4)烷基、苯基、苄基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、三氟甲基、NR13R14基团;
-R13和R14每个独立代表氢原子或任选地用一个或多个OH、F或OALK取代的(C1-C6)烷基,或R13和R14与跟它们连接的氮原子一起构成4-7个链节的杂环基团,其可以包含选自氮原子,氧原子或硫原子的第二杂原子;
-R15代表(C1-C4)烷基或三氟甲基;
-n代表0,1或2;
-ALK代表(C1-C4)烷基,其是未取代的或用一个或多个氟原子取代;
-Alk代表(C1-C4)烷基;
以及它们的盐、它们的溶剂化物和它们的水合物。
式(I)化合物可以包含一个或多个不对称碳原子。它们因此可以以对映异构体或非对映异构体存在。这些对映异构体、非对映异构体,以及它们的混合物(包括外消旋混合物)构成本发明的一部分。
式(I)化合物可以以与碱或与酸的加成盐的形式存在。这些盐有利地使用可药用盐进行制备,但是其它有用的酸(例如用于纯化或分离式(I)化合物的酸)的盐也构成本发明的一部分。
根据本发明的化合物还可以以水合物或溶剂化物的形式存在,即呈与一个或多个水分子或与溶剂缔合或结合的形式。这样的水合物和溶剂化物也构成本发明的一部分。
对于“烷基”,理解为直链或支链基团,特别地如:甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔-丁基、正-戊基、异戊基、正-己基、异己基,对于(C1-C4)烷基,甲基是优选的,对于(C4-C10)烷基,叔-丁基、2-甲基丁基-2、3,3-二甲基丁基-2是优选的。
对于“亚烷基”,理解为直链二价基团。
对于“烷氧基”,理解为直链或支链基团,甲氧基是优选的。
对于“卤素原子”,理解为氟、氯、溴或碘原子;氟、氯或溴原子是优选的。
非芳族C3-C12碳环基团包含单环的或缩合的、桥连的多环基团。单环基团包括环烷基,例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基、环辛基;环己基和环戊基是优选的。所述缩合的、桥连的或螺环的双-或三环基团包括,例如降冰片烷基、冰片烷基、异冰片烷基、降金刚烷基(noradamantyle)、金刚烷基、螺[5.5]十一烷基、双环[2.2.1]庚基、双环[3.2.1]辛基和双环[3.1.1]庚基。
对于“饱和或非饱和的、包含或不包含如O或N的第二杂原子的4-11原子的杂环基团”,理解为如吗啉-4-基、哌啶-1-基、哌嗪-1-基、吡咯烷-1-基、八氢环戊[c]吡咯-2-基的基团,哌啶-1-基和吗啉-4-基是优选的。
对于“5-7个原子的含单氮的杂环基团”,理解为如哌啶-4-基或吡咯烷-3-基的基团,哌啶-4-基是优选的。
对于“5-7个原子的含单氧的杂环基团”,理解为如四氢呋喃基、四氢-2H-吡喃基、oxepanyle的基团:四氢呋喃基是优选的。
对于“5-7个原子的含单硫的杂环基团”,理解为如四氢苯硫基或四氢噻喃基(tétrahydrothiopyrannyle)的基团。
对于“5-7个原子的杂芳族杂环基团”,理解为如吡啶基、吡咯基、苯硫基或呋喃基的基团。
根据本发明,选出:
-式IA化合物,其中-A-代表(C1-C6)亚烷基,其是未取代的或用(C1-C3)亚烷基取代一次或多次;
-式IB化合物,其中-A-代表亚苯基;
-式IC化合物,其中-A-代表以下基团:
-式ID化合物其中-A-代表以下基团:
-式IE化合物其中-A-代表以下基团:
-式IF化合物其中-A-代表以下基团:
取代基R1-R9为如对于式(I)化合物所定义。
根据本发明,优选式(I)化合物,其中:
-R1代表氢和R2代表NR10R11,其中R10和R11与跟它们连接的氮原子一起构成5-11个碳原子的饱和杂环基团,其是未取代的或用(C1-C4)烷基取代一次或多次;
-或者R1和R2与跟它们连接的氮原子一起构成哌啶-1-基,其用苯基、苄基、吡咯烷-1-基、哌啶-1-基、4,4-二氟哌啶-1-基取代和用氰基、(C1-C3)烷酰基、氨基羰基、甲烷磺酰基、N-甲基磺酰基或N,N-二甲基磺酰基取代;
-或者R1和R2一起代表哌嗪-1-基,其在-4-位用苯并二呋喃基或苯并二呋喃基甲基取代或用苄基取代,其中该苄基本身是未取代的或用一个或多个卤素原子取代或用一个或多个甲氧基或甲氧基甲基取代;
-和/或R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8每个彼此独立地代表氢原子、卤素原子或甲氧基;
-A-R9具有对于(I)所指出值中的一种;
以及它们的盐、它们的溶剂化物和它们的水合物。
特别地选出式I化合物,其中:
-R1代表氢和R2代表用苯基或用甲氧基或甲氧基羰基取代的哌啶-1-基或(C1-C3)亚烷基;
-或者R1代表氢和R2代表苯基亚烷基,其中该亚烷基为(C1-C3),该苯基亚烷基在该亚烷基上未取代或在亚烷基上用甲基、羟基、羟甲基、甲氧基、甲氧基甲基取代,和在苯基上是未取代的或在苯基上用卤素原子、甲基、三氟甲基、羟基、甲氧基取代一次或多次;
-或者R1和R2与跟它们连接的氮原子一起代表在-4位用苯基、哌啶-1-基和用乙酰基、氨基羰基或氰基进行同位-双取代(gem-disubstitué)的哌啶-1-基;
-或者R1和R2一起代表在-4-位用其本身是未取代的或用卤素原子取代的苯并二呋喃基甲基或苄基取代的哌嗪-1-基;
-R6为4-氯代或4-甲氧基,R3和R4代表2,4-二氯代基或2-氯代基,R5、R7、R8代表氢原子;
-A代表(CH2)q基团,其中q=2、3、4或5;
-R9代表选自以下的基团:-CO2H、-NHSO2CF3、-NHSO2CH3、-SO2CH3;
以及它们的盐、它们的溶剂化物和它们的水合物。
特别地,优选式(I)化合物,其中:
-NR1R2代表:
-R3、R4和R6每个代表卤素原子;
-R5、R7和R8每个代表氢原子;
-A代表苄基或(C2-C5)亚烷基,其是未取代的或用甲基取代一次或多次;
-R9代表CN、CO2H、SO2CH3、NHSO2CH3或NHSO2CF3基团;以及它们的盐、它们的溶剂化物和它们的水合物。
选出式(I)化合物,其中:
-NR1R2代表选自以下的基团:
-R3、R4和R6每个代表卤素原子;
-R5、R7和R8每个代表氢原子;
-A-R9代表选自以下的基团:-(CH2)5-CO2、-(CH2)3-NHSO2CF3、-(CH2)3-NHSO2CH3、-(CH2)3-SO2Me;
以及它们的盐、它们的溶剂化物和它们的水合物。
在根据本发明的化合物中,尤其可以提到以下化合物:
-6-[5-(4’-氨基甲酰基-[1,4’]联哌啶-1-基-羰基)-2-(4-氯苯基)-3-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1H-吡咯-1-基]-己酸;
-1-({5-(4-溴苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-[2-(甲基磺酰基)乙基]-1H-吡咯-2-基}羰基)-4-苯基哌啶-4-甲酰胺;
-1-(1,3-苯并二呋喃-5-基-甲基)-4-({5-(4-溴苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-[2-(甲基磺酰基)乙基]-1H-吡咯-2-基}羰基)哌嗪;
-N-(1-苄基-2-甲氧基乙基)-5-(4-溴苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-[2-(甲基磺酰基)乙基]-1H-吡咯-2-甲酰胺;
-1’-{[5-(4-氯苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-{3-[(甲基磺酰基)氨基]丙基}-1H-吡咯-2-基]羰基}-1,4’-联哌啶-4’-甲酰胺;
-1’-{[5-(4-氯苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-{3-[(三氟甲基磺酰基)氨基]丙基}-1H-吡咯-2-基]羰基}-1,4’-联哌啶-4’-甲酰胺;
-1’-[5-(4-氯代-苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯代-苯基)-1-(3-甲烷磺酰氨基-丙基)-1H-吡咯-2-羰基]-4,4-二氟代-[1,4’]联哌啶基-4’-甲酰胺;
-1’-[5-(4-氯代-苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯代-苯基)-1-(3-甲烷磺酰氨基-丙基)-1H-吡咯-2-羰基]-4,4-二甲基-[1,4’]联哌啶基-4’-甲酰胺;
-5-(4-氯代-苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯代-苯基)-1-(3-甲烷磺酰氨基-丙基)-1H-吡咯-((S)-1-羟基甲基-3-甲基-丁基)-2-甲酰胺;
-1’-[5-(4-氯代-苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯代-苯基)-1-(3-甲烷磺酰基-丙基)-1H-吡咯-2-羰基]-4,4-二甲基-[1,4’]联哌啶基-4’-甲酰胺;
-在表1中给出的其它化合物;
以及它们的盐、它们的溶剂化物和它们的水合物。
本发明目的还为根据本发明的化合物的制备方法。
该方法特征在于:
-使用式HNR1R2(III)的胺(其中R1和R2为如对于(I)所定义),处理式(II)的酸或该式的酸的官能衍生物:
其中R3、R4、R5、R6、R7和R8为如对于(I)所定义和Y代表或者氢原子,或者基团A-R9,或者基团A-R9的前体;
-必要时,将取代基转化Y为基团A-R9。
任选地,将如此获得的化合物转化为它的盐或溶剂化物中的一种。
对于“基团A-R9的前体”,理解为可以通过使用本领域的技术人员已知的方法最终被转化为基团A-R9的基团。
作为酸(II)的官能衍生物,可以使用酰基氯、酸酐、混合酸酐、C1-C4烷基酯(其中烷基是直链或支链的)苄基酯、活化酯(例如对-硝基苯基酯)或使用以下进行适当活化的游离酸:例如使用N,N-二环己基碳二亚胺或使用苯并三唑-1-基氧代三(二甲基氨基)-磷鎓的六氟磷酸盐(BOP)或苯并三唑-1-基氧代三-(吡咯烷基)磷鎓的六氟磷酸盐(PyBOP)或N-[N-(二甲基氨基)-1-1,2,3-三唑并[4,5-b]吡啶-1-基亚甲基]-N-甲基甲铵N-氧化物]的六氟磷酸盐(HBTU)。
因此,在根据本发明的方法中,可以使1,3-噁唑-3-甲酰基氯(其通过亚硫酰氯与式(II)的酸反应获得)与胺HNR1R2,在惰性溶剂(如含氯溶剂)中,(例如二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、氯仿)、醚(例如四氢呋喃、二噁烷)或酰胺(例如N,N-二甲基甲酰胺),在惰性气氛下,在0℃和所述温度之间的温度下,在叔胺(如三乙胺,N-甲基吗啉或吡啶)存在下进行反应。
根据一种变型,在于在碱(如三乙胺)存在下,通过氯甲酸乙酯与式(II)酸的反应制备式(II)酸的混合酸酐,和在于使其与胺HNR1R2在溶剂(如二氯甲烷)中,在惰性气氛下,在环境温度下,在碱(如三乙胺)存在下进行反应。
根据一种变型,通过式(I)化合物(其中上述取代基代表甲氧基苯基)与BBr3,在溶剂中(如二氯甲烷)和在-20℃和环境温度之间的温度下的反应可以制备式(I)化合物,其中取代基R3-R8中的一个代表羟苯基。
根据另一种变型,通过式(I)化合物(其中上述取代基代表羟苯基)与下式卤化物:Hal-S(O)nAlk(其中Hal代表卤素原子,优选地氯),在碱(如三乙胺)存在下,在溶剂中(如二氯甲烷)和在-20℃和环境温度之间的温度下的反应可以制备式(I)化合物,其中取代基R3-R8中的一个代表AlkS(O)nO-苯基。
如此获得的式(I)化合物因此可以最终从反应介质中分离出并根据传统方法(例如通过结晶或色谱法)进行纯化。
式(II)化合物和它们的前体可以根据下面方案进行制备:
方案1
通过步骤a)、b)和c)的式(VII)二氢吡咯的衍生物的制备根据J.Chem.Soc.Perkin Trans.1,2002,622-628进行。
用取代的苯基取代二氢吡咯环在钯催化剂(如四(三苯基膦)Pd(O)、双二亚苄基丙酮钯(O)[Pd(dba)2]、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(O),乙酸钯Pd(II)[Pd(OCOCH3)2]、二氯(二苯基膦基二茂铁)Pd(II)[PdCl2dppf])存在下,和碱存在下,通过式(VIII)的取代的苯基硼酸的作用在步骤d)进行。
在步骤e),使用甲苯磺酰基对氮的保护通过如DBU(1,8-二氮杂双环[5.4.0]十一碳烯)二胺的作用被除去并同时使吡咯环进行芳化。
根据通常方法,式(X)化合物随后通过式R9-A-I的碘化物进行处理,以得到下式化合物:
(XI)=式(II)酸的酯
式(XI)酯随后在碱性介质中进行水解和如此形成的酸(II)通过胺HNR1R2(III)进行处理以形成根据本发明的化合物(I)。
根据基团-A-R9的不同值,可以使用本领域的技术人员已知的不同的方法,以制备根据本发明的式(II)化合物和式(I)化合物。
因此当制备式(I)化合物时(其中-A-R9代表基团(CH2)3NHSO2Alk),可以根据下面方案2进行:
方案2
在偶合剂(例如:HBTU、BOP、PyBop)和碱(例如:N(Et)3)存在时,由化合物((XIII)和R13CO2H制备式(I)化合物(其中A-R9代表基团-(CH2)2NHCOR13)。
当制备式(I)化合物(其中A-R9代表基团-(CH2)2SO2Alk)时,可以根据下面的方案3进行:
方案3
当制备式(I)化合物(其中A-R9代表基团-{CH2)kSO2Alk,同时k=1、2、3、4、5或6)时,可以根据下面的方案4进行:
方案4
由式(XVI)或式(XVI’)化合物,如在反应方案2中进行操作,通过皂化然后与式NR1R2化合物偶合以得到式(I)化合物,其中A-R9=(CH2)2-Alk或A-R9=(CH2)k-Alk。
当制备式(I)化合物(其中R9代表-COOH基团)时,可以根据下面的方案5进行:
方案5
式HNR1R2(III)的胺是已知的或根据已知方法进行制备,例如描述在J.Med.Chem.;7;1964;619,622中的方法。
本发明目的还为下式化合物:
其中:
-X代表卤素原子、羟基、(C1-C4)烷氧基或苄氧基;
-A代表:
.(C1-C6)亚烷基,其是未取代的或用(C1-C3)烷基取代一次或多次;
-R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8每个彼此独立地代表氢原子或卤素原子、(C1-C6)烷氧基、S(O)nALK、OS(O)nALK基团或(C1-C7)烷基,该(C1-C7)烷基是未取代的或用氟原子、OALK、S(O)nALK或OS(O)nALK基团取代一次或多次。
-R9代表基团-OH、-CN、-CO2H、NR13R14、-CONR13R14、-CONHNH2、-CONHOH、-CONHSO2Alk、-S(O)nAlk、-SO2CF3、-SO2NR13R14、-NHSO2Alk、-NHSO2CF3、-NHSO2NR13R14,或选自以下的基团:
-n代表0、1或2;
-ALK代表(C1-C4)烷基,其是未取代的或用一个或多个氟原子取代;
-Alk代表(C1-C4)烷基。
更特别地本发明目的为下式化合物:
式中:
-X代表卤素原子、羟基、(C1-C4)烷氧基或苄氧基;
-R6代表氯或溴原子;
-A代表(CH2)2、(CH2)3、(CH2)4、(CH2)5基团;
-R9代表-CN、-CO2H、-SO2CH3、-NHSO2CH3、-NHSO2CF3基团。
下面的实施例描述了根据本发明的某些化合物的制备。这些实施例不是限制性的并仅仅举例说明本发明。例举的化合物的编号对应于在下面的表中给出的编号,该表举例说明了本发明的某些化合物的化学结构和物理性质。
在这些实施例中,使用以下缩写:
AcOEt:乙酸乙酯
DCM:二氯甲烷
DIPEA:二异丙基乙胺
DMF:N,N-二甲基甲酰胺.
F:熔点
(HBTU):N-[N-(二甲基氨基)-1-1,2,3-三唑并[4,5-b]吡啶-1-基亚甲基]-N-甲基甲铵N-氧化物]的六氟磷酸盐
HOBt:1-羟基苯并三唑
MeOH:甲醇
PyBOP:苯并三唑-1-基氧代三-(吡咯烷基)磷鎓六氟磷酸盐
TA:环境温度
TBTU:2-(1H-苯并三唑-1-基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基脲鎓四氟硼酸盐
THF:四氢呋喃
核磁共振谱在DMSO-d6中在200MHz进行记录。为了解释谱图,使用以下缩写:s:单峰,d:双峰,t:三重峰,m:未分辨的峰,mt:多重峰,se:宽单峰,dd:分开的双峰。
根据本发明的化合物通过LC/UV/MS(液相色谱/UV检测/质谱)联用进行分析。测量分子峰(MH+)和保留时间(tr)(以分钟表示)。
条件A
使用对称C18柱2.1×50mm,3.5μm,在30℃,流量0.4ml/分钟。
洗脱剂组成如下:
-溶剂A:在水中的0.005%三氟乙酸(TFA),pH 3.15;
-溶剂B:在乙腈中的0.005%TFA。
梯度:
时间(分钟) | %A | %B |
0 | 100 | 0 |
10 | 10 | 90 |
15 | 10 | 90 |
16 | 100 | 0 |
20 | 100 | 0 |
柱温:30℃,流量0.4ml/分钟。
UV检测在λ=210nM进行,质量检测以正ESI化学电离模式进行。
UV检测使用含碘杆的检测器(détecteur à barette d’iode)在210至400nm之间进行和质量检测以正ESI化学电离模式进行。
制备
制备1
A)2-(((4-甲基苯基)磺酰基)氨基)戊-3-炔酸甲酯
在0℃,将2.5g 2-氨基丁-3-炔酸悬浮在45ml甲醇中。在该温度下滴加1.8ml亚硫酰氯然后使该混合物回流3小时。浓缩该溶液并在减压下干燥残留物。将后者溶于60ml乙腈中随后溶于5.4ml三乙胺中,然后加入4.6g甲苯磺酰氯。在环境温度下搅拌该混合物19小时然后在50℃再搅拌1小时。浓缩后,将粗制物溶于二氯甲烷中和有机相先后用KHSO4然后K2CO3的饱和水溶液进行洗涤。有机相使用硫酸镁进行干燥然后过滤和最后浓缩,得到5.18g期望化合物。
RMN1H:δ(ppm):2.35:s:3H;2.45:m:2H;3.45:s:3H;3.9:dd:1H;7.35:d:2H;7.65:d:2H;8.4:d:1H.
B)5-(4-氯苯基)-2-(4-甲苯磺酰基磺酰氨基)戊-4-炔酸甲酯
将1g前面步骤的化合物和0.57g 4-氯碘苯溶于20ml无水DMF中。使该溶液在真空下脱气30分钟。然后加入0.64ml三乙胺随后加入0.28g四(三苯基膦)钯(O)和0.1g碘化铜。在环境温度下在氩气氛下搅拌该混合物19小时。浓缩反应粗制物并通过色谱法在硅胶上用环己烷/乙酸乙酯(80/20;v/v)进行纯化。回收了1g化合物.
RMN1H:δ(ppm):2.35:s:3H;2.70-2.80:m:2H;3.45:s:3H;4.05:dd:1H;7.35:m:4H;7.4:d:2H;7.65:d:2H;8.51:d:1H.
C)5-(4-氯苯基-4-碘代-1-(4-甲苯磺酰基磺酰基)-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯-2-甲酸甲酯(5-(4-chlorophényl)-4-iodo-1-(4-tosylsulfonyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate de méthyle)
在存在1g碳酸钾时,在0℃将1g在前面步骤获得的化合物溶于5ml无水乙腈中。在该温度时在搅拌下,按多个小份加入2g固体碘。使该混合物返回到环境温度达24小时。使用硫代硫酸钠溶液使该反应停止,直到颜色消退,有机相用二氯甲烷进行萃取。在使用硫酸镁干燥、过滤和浓缩后,获得1.27g期望化合物。
LC/MS(条件A):M=517,tr=10.8分钟。
D)5-(4-氯苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-甲苯磺酰基磺酰基-2,3-二氢-1H-吡咯-2-甲酸甲酯
在48ml碳酸钠(2N)溶液存在下,将15g在前面步骤获得的化合物和6.8g 2,4-二氯苯基硼酸溶于150ml甲醇、710ml甲苯混合物中。使该反应介质在氩气下30分钟然后加入4.7g四(三苯基膦)钯(O)。在惰性气氛下在60℃加热该溶液4小时。在冷却后,浓缩粗制物并通过色谱法在硅胶上在甲苯中进行纯化。获得9.7g白色粉末形式的期望化合物。
RMN1H:δ(ppm):2.4:s:3H;2.75-2.95:m:1H;3.8:s:3H;5.15:d:1H;6.7:d:1H;7.1-7.7:m:6H.
E)5-(4-氯苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1H-吡咯-2-甲酸甲基酯
将9.7g在前面步骤获得的化合物溶于60ml无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中。然后加入5.4ml DBU(1,8-二氮杂-双环[5.4.0]十一碳烯)和在100℃加热该混合物24小时。浓缩粗制物然后加入乙醇后,白色沉淀出现。将后者过滤出,回收6g期望化合物。
RMN1H:δ(ppm):3.8:s:3H;6.9:s:1H;7.2:s:1H;7.25:s:2H;7.3-7.4:m:3H;7.65:dd:1H;12.4:s:1H。
F)(4-氯苯基)-1-(2-氰基乙基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1H-吡咯-2-甲酸甲基酯
在0.5ml(0.53g)Triton B存在下,将2.5g在前面步骤获得的化合物溶于24ml二噁烷中。在T.A时搅拌该混合物1小时,然后加入2ml丙烯腈并使该混合物回流3天。将粗制物浓缩至干然后在硅胶上进行色谱分离。获得1.4g期望化合物。
LC/MS:M=432;tr=12.02min。
G)1-(3-氨基丙基)-5-(4-氯苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1H-吡咯-2-甲酸甲基酯
将1g在前面步骤获得的化合物溶于20ml甲醇中,然后加入1.06gCoCl2·(H2O)6和在T.A搅拌该混合物5分钟。随后按小份加入0.43gNaBH4和在TA时搅拌该混合物1小时。该介质使用4ml HCl(0.5N)进行酸化。化合物用AcOEt进行萃取,在用MgSO4干燥、过滤和浓缩后,得到1g白色泡沫形式的期望化合物.
LC/MS:M=437;tr=8.13min。
H)5-(4-氯苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-(3-甲烷磺酰氨基丙基)-1H-吡咯-2-甲酸甲基酯
在0.61ml(0.45g)三乙胺存在下,使1g在前面步骤获得的胺在20mlDCM中形成溶液,然后在T.A,加入0.17ml甲基砜氯化物(chlorure deméthylsulfone)和搅拌该混合物48小时。使反应粗制物变干然后通过色谱法在硅胶上进行纯化。获得0.54g白色泡沫,其对应于期望化合物。
LC/MS:M=515;tr=11.60min.I)
I)5-(4-氯苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基-1-(3-甲烷磺酰氨基-丙基)-1H-吡咯-2-甲酸
在5.4ml Lithine H2O存在下,0.63g在前面步骤获得的酯在10mlTHF/水(9/l;v/v)混合物中进行皂化。使溶液回流19小时然后使其变干。粗制物使用HCl水溶液(10%)进行酸化和产物用DCM进行萃取。有机相使用MgSO4进行干燥然后过滤和浓缩。获得0.62白色泡沫形式的期望化合物。
LC/MS:M=501;tr=10.27min.
制备2
5-(4-氯苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基-1-(2-甲烷磺酰基乙基)-1H-吡咯-2-甲酸乙基酯
如在制备1步骤A-E描述地进行操作,制备5-(4-氯苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1H-吡咯-2-甲酸乙基酯。
在TA时,将0.8g这种酯溶于20ml DMF中然后加入0.32g NaH。搅拌该混合物30分钟然后加入0.88g甲烷乙烯基砜(methane vinylsulfone)。使该溶液回流19小时。使该介质变干并使残留物通过色谱法在硅胶上进行纯化。回收0.2g对应于期望化合物的胶状物。
LC/MS:M=499;tr=11.87min.
制备3
A)5-(4-氯苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1H-吡咯-2-甲酸
将7.8g在制备1步骤E获得的酯溶于100ml THF/水(90/10;v/v)混合物,然后加入4.3g氧化铝(lithine)LiOH·H2O和使该混合物回流19小时。使混合物变干,然后固体残留物用HCl水溶液(10%)洗涤多次。回收的固体在烘箱中进行干燥,获得8.3g期望化合物(白色固体)。
LC/MS:M=365;tr=10.57min.
B)1’-[5-(4-氯苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1H-吡咯-2-羰基]-[1,4’]联哌啶基-4’-甲酰胺
在1.38g(1.89ml)三乙胺存在下,使2g在上面获得的酸在40ml二氯甲烷形成溶液,然后加入1.27g[1,4’]联哌啶基-4’-甲酰胺然后加入3.4gPyBoP。在T.A时搅拌该混合物24小时。通过过滤回收2.3g白色沉淀,其对应于期望化合物。
LC/MS:M=559;tr=7.99min。
制备4
A)5-(4-氯苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-(3-甲硫烷基-丙基)-1H-吡咯-2-甲酸乙基酯
如在制备1步骤A-E描述地进行操作,制备5-(4-氯苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1H-吡咯-2-甲酸乙酯
将2g这种酯溶于30ml无水THF中,随后加入2.2g 3-甲基硫烷基-丙-1-醇然后3.9g三苯基膦。在0℃,加入3.6g DEAD和在TA时搅拌该混合物19小时。使该介质变干,然后残留物通过色谱法在硅胶上进行纯化。回收2.4g油状物,其对应于期望化合物。
LC/MS:MH+=482;tr=13.54min
B)5-(4-氯代-苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯代-苯基)-1-(3-甲烷磺酰基-丙基)-1H-吡咯-2-甲酸乙基酯
将2.4g在前面步骤获得的酯溶于70ml二氯甲烷中。在0℃,按份地加入6g mCPBA,然后在TA时搅拌该混合物2小时。该介质使用NaOH(10%)水溶液进行碱化和产物用DCM进行萃取。有机相在MgSO4上进行干燥然后过滤和浓缩。残留物通过色谱法在硅胶上进行纯化。回收1.6g淡黄色泡沫,其对应于期望化合物。
C)5-(4-氯代-苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯代-苯基)-1-(3-甲烷磺酰基-丙基)-1H-吡咯-2-甲酸
1.6g在前面步骤B)获得的酯溶于24ml MeOH中。在TA时按小份加入1.7g KOH直到氢氧化钾片完全溶解,然后加入4ml H2O。使该混合物回流3小时。一旦冷却,该介质使用HCl 10%水溶液(10%HCl)进行酸化并且产物使用DCM进行萃取。有机相在MgSO4上进行干燥然后过滤和浓缩。获得1.5g浅黄色泡沫,其对应于期望产物。
LC/MS:MH+=486;tr=10.27min
制备5
A)1’-苄基-4,4-二氟代-[1,4’]联哌啶基-4’-甲酰胺
将1.2g 1’-苄基-4,4-二氟代-[1,4’]联哌啶基-4’-腈(根据在J.Med.Chem.;7;1964;619-622中描述的方法由1-苄基-哌啶-4-酮和购买的4,4-二氟代-哌啶合成)悬浮在15ml浓硫酸中。
使该介质升温到60℃达3小时。将粗制物冷却至0℃然后使用NH4OH水溶液进行碱化。水相使用氯仿进行萃取和有机相使用MgSO4进行干燥、过滤然后浓缩。获得0.8g通过色谱法在硅胶上进行纯化的白色固体。
LC/MS:MH+=338;tr=6.59min
B)4,4-二氟代-[1,4’]联哌啶基-4’-甲酰胺
将3.3g在上面制备5步骤A)获得的含苄基的化合物溶于30ml二氯乙烷中,然后在冷却至0℃后,加入1.57g(1.19ml)氯乙基氯甲酸酯(chloroéthylchloroformate)。随后使温度升到TA并搅拌该混合物3小时。在真空下蒸发溶剂后,使获得的残留物溶于甲醇中并使该混合物回流1小时然后再蒸发至干。获得3.3g固体,其对应于期望产物。
实施例1:化合物1A)6-[5-(4’-氨基甲酰基-[1,4’]联哌啶基-1’-羰基)-2-(4-氯苯基)-3-(2,4-二氯苯基)-吡咯-1-基]-己酸乙基酯
将0.9g在制备3步骤B获得的化合物溶于8ml丙酮和3ml DMF的混合物中。加入0.66g碳酸钾随后加入0.32ml 6-溴己酸乙酯。使该混合物回流19小时。过滤该粗制物并浓缩滤液。获得1.7g白色固体,其对应于期望产物,其原样用于皂化步骤中。
LC/MS:M=702;tr=8.90min。
B)6-[5-(4’-氨基甲酰基-[1,4’]联哌啶基-1’-羰基)-2-(4-氯苯基)-3-(2,4-二氯苯基)-吡咯-1-基]-己酸
在10ml THF/水(9/1;v/v)混合物中的0.66g氧化铝·H2O存在下,使1.1g前面的酯进行皂化,在回流24小时后,使该混合物变干,然后使用HCl(10%)溶液进行酸化。产物使用AcOEt进行萃取。在有机相使用MgSO4干燥、过滤然后浓缩后,获得的粗制物在硅胶上进行色谱分离。获得0.9g白色固体形式的期望化合物。
LC/MS:M=674;tr=8.13min.
实施例2:化合物11
1’-[5-(4-氯代-苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯代-苯基)-1-(3-甲烷磺酰基-丙基)-1H-吡咯-2-羰基]-4,4-二甲基-[1,4’]联哌啶基-4’-甲酰胺
在存在0.39g(0.54ml)DIPEA时,使0.5g在制备4的步骤C)获得的酸在15ml DMF中形成溶液,然后加入0.37g 4,4-二甲基-[1,4’]联哌啶基-4’-甲酰胺,随后加入0.58g HBTU和0.07g HOBt。在TA时搅拌该混合物24小时。一旦浓缩,粗制物在硅胶上进行色谱分离。获得0.39g在异丙基醚中结晶的固体,其对应于期望产物。
LC/MS:MH+=707;tr=8min。
实施例3:化合物10
1’-[5-(4-氯代-苯基)-4-(2,4-二氯代-苯基)-1-(3-甲烷磺酰氨基-丙基)-1H-吡咯-2-羰基]-4,4-二氟代-[1,4’]联哌啶基-4’-甲酰胺
在存在0.31g(0.42ml)DIPEA时,使0.4g在制备4的步骤C)获得的酸在15ml DMF中形成溶液,然后加入0.29g 4,4-二氟代-[1,4’]联哌啶基-4’-甲酰胺,随后加入0.58g HBTU和0.05g HOBt。在TA时搅拌该混合物19小时,一旦浓缩,粗制物在硅胶上进行色谱分离。获得0.3g固体,其对应于期望产物。
LC/MS:MH+=730;tr=10.36min。
下面的表举例说明了根据本发明的某些化合物化学结构和物理性质。
在该表中Me表示甲基。
表1
在由M.Rinaldi-Carmona等(FEBS Letters,1994,350,240-244)描述的试验条件下,式(I)化合物对大麻素受体CB1具有特别好的体外亲和力(IC50≤5.10-7M)。
式(I)化合物的拮抗性质通过在腺苷酸-环化酶抑制模型中获得的结果得到证实,其如描述在M.Bouaboula等,J.Biol.Chem.,1995,270,13973-13980,M.Rinaldi-Carmona等,J.Pharmacol.Exp.Ther.,1996,278,871-878和M.Bouaboula等,J.Biol.Chem.,1997,272,22330-22339中。
根据本发明的化合物与存在于大脑中的受体CB1的互相作用在小鼠中使用在静脉内注射或者口服给药之后[3H]-CP55940的先体外后体内的结合试验(test de binding)进行测定,所述试验如描述在M.Rinaldi-Carmona等,FEBS Letters,1994,350,240-244,M.Rinaldi-Carmona等,Life Sciences,1995,56,1941-1947和M.Rinaldi-Carmona等,J.Pharmacol.Exp.Ther.2004,310,905-914和Rinaldi-Carmona M等,JPET 2004,310,905-914中。
根据本发明的化合物与存在于外周的受体CB1的互相作用在小鼠中使用CP55940在口服给药后对肠胃传输的抑制效果的回复试验(test deréversion)进行测定,所述试验如描述在M.Rinaldi-Carmona等,J.Pharmacol.ExD.Ther.2004,310,905-914中。
式(I)化合物的毒性与它们作为药物的用途是可相容的。
因此,根据其另一方面,本发明的目的是用于人类或者兽类医学的药物,其包含式(I)化合物,或后者与可药用酸的加成盐,或式(I)化合物的溶剂化物或者水合物。
因此,根据本发明的化合物在人类或者动物中(特别地在非限制性包括狗、猫、马、牛、羊的哺乳动物中)用于治疗或者预防涉及大麻素受体CB1的疾病。
例如,并非限制性地,式(I)化合物用作作用于精神病的药物(médicaments psychotropes),特别地用于治疗精神障碍,其包括忧虑症、抑郁症、情感性精神障碍、失眠、谵妄症(troubles délirants)、强迫症、一般精神病(psychoses en général)、精神分裂症、在活动过强的儿童中的注意障碍和多动症(TDAH),以及用于治疗与使用作用于精神的物质(substances psychotropes)有关的病症,特别地在物质滥用和/或物质依赖情况中,包括酒精依赖和烟碱依赖。
根据本发明的式(I)化合物可以用作为用于治疗以下疾病的药物:偏头痛、紧张(stress)、心身起因的疾病(maladies d’originepsychosomatique)、恐慌发作、癫痫症、运动障碍,特别地运动困难(dyskinésies)或者帕金森症、颤抖(tremblements)和肌张力障碍。
根据本发明的式(I)化合物还可以用作药物,所述药物用于治疗记忆障碍、认知障碍,特别地用于治疗老年性痴呆、阿尔茨海默氏疾病(maladies d’Alzheimer),以及用于治疗注意障碍或者意识障碍(troublesde la vigilance)。
而且,式(I)化合物可以用作神经保护剂,其用于治疗局部缺血、颅脑损伤和治疗急性或者慢性神经变性疾病:包括舞蹈病、亨廷顿氏舞蹈病(chorée de Huntington)和抽动秽语综合征(syndrome de Tourette)。
根据本发明的式(I)化合物可以用作为药物,所述药物用于治疗疼痛:神经病理性疼痛、急性外周疼痛(douleur périphériques)、炎症起因的慢性疼痛(douleurs chroniques d’originein flammatoire)和由抗癌治疗所引起疼痛。
根据本发明的式(I)化合物可以用作在人类或者兽医学中的药物,其用于预防和治疗食欲障碍、欲望障碍(troubles de appétence)(对糖果、糖类、药物、酒精或者任何引起欲望的物质)和/或进食障碍,特别地用于治疗肥胖症或者食欲过盛以及用于治疗II型糖尿病或者非胰岛素相关的糖尿病和用于治疗血脂异常和代谢综合征。因此,根据本发明的式(I)化合物用于治疗肥胖症和与肥胖症有关的风险,尤其心血管的风险。
此外,根据本发明的式(I)化合物可以用作为药物,该药物用于治疗和预防胃肠病、腹泻症、溃疡、呕吐、膀胱和泌尿疾病、肝脏疾病,如慢性硬化、纤维化、肝脂肪变性、脂肪性肝炎(stéatohépatite);以及内分泌起因的病症、心血管疾病、血压过低、动脉粥样硬化、出血性休克、脓毒性休克(choc septique)、哮喘、慢性支气管炎、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、Raynaud综合征、青光眼、生育疾病(troubles de la fertilité)、早产、中止妊娠(interruption de grossesse)、发炎性现象、免疫系统疾病,特别地自身免疫疾病和神经炎症如类风湿性关节炎、反应性关节炎、导致脱髓鞘的疾病、多发性硬化、传染性和病毒性疾病,如脑炎、脑卒中(accidents vasculaires cérébraux),以及作为用于抗癌化疗、用于治疗Guillain-Barré综合征和治疗骨疾病和骨质疏松症的药物。此外,根据本发明的式(I)化合物由于它们抗由药物引起的心肌毒性(cardiotoxicité)的保护作用而可以进行使用。
根据本发明,式(I)化合物最特别地制备药物,该药物用于预防和治疗精神疾病,特别地精神分裂症、注意障碍和意识障碍、在活动过强的儿童中的注意缺陷和多动症(TDAH);用于预防治疗记忆缺陷和认知障碍;用于预防和治疗物质依赖和物质戒除(sevrageàune substance),特别地酒精依赖、烟碱依赖、酒精戒除(le sevrage alcoolique)和烟草戒除;急性或者慢性神经变性疾病。
更特别地,根据本发明的式(I)化合物用于药物的制备,所述药物可用于治疗和预防食欲障碍、欲望障碍、代谢紊乱、肥胖症、II型糖尿病、代谢综合征、血脂异常、胃肠道疾病、炎症性现象、免疫系统疾病、精神疾病、酒精依赖和烟碱依赖。
根据它的一个方面,本发明涉及式(I)化合物、其可药用盐和它们的溶剂化物或者水合物,用于治疗如上所指出的障碍和疾病的用途。
根据它的另一个方面,本发明涉及药物组合物,其包含根据本发明的化合物作为活性成分。这些药物组合物包含有效剂量的至少一种本发明的化合物,或可药用盐、所述化合物的水合物或溶剂化物,以及至少一种可药用赋形剂。
所述赋形剂根据药物形式和希望的给药方式在本领域的技术人员已知的通常赋形剂中进行选择。
根据本发明的药物组合物可以包含,除了式(I)化合物以外,一种(或多种)其它可用于治疗上面指出的障碍和疾病的活性成分。
因此,本发明目的还是药物组合物,其包含与一种(或多种)选自以下治疗医学种类中的一种的活性成分并用的根据本发明的式(I)化合物:-另一种大麻素受体CB1拮抗剂或别构调节剂(modulateursallosteriques);
-大麻素受体CB2调节剂;
-血管紧张素II受体AT1拮抗剂;
-转化酶抑制剂;
-钙拮抗剂;
-利尿剂;
-β-受体阻滞剂;
-抗高血脂药或者抗高胆甾醇血药;
-抗糖尿病剂;
-其它抗肥胖症或对代谢紊乱起作用的剂;
-烟碱激动剂,部分烟碱激动剂;
-抗抑郁症药、抗精神病药、抗焦虑药;
-抗癌剂或者抗增殖剂(agent antiprolifératif);
-阿片样物质拮抗剂;
以及:
-记忆改善药剂;
-可用于治疗酒精中毒或者戒除症状的药剂;
-可用于治疗骨质疏松症的药剂;
-非甾族或者甾族消炎药;
-抗感染药;
-止痛剂;
-止喘药。
对于“血管紧张素II受体AT1拮抗剂”,理解为如以下的化合物:坎得沙坦酯(candésartan cilexitil)、依普沙坦、依贝沙坦、氯沙坦钾、奥美沙坦酯(olmésartan médoxomil)、替米沙坦、缬沙坦,这些化合物中的每种本身可以与利尿剂(如双氢氯噻嗪)并用。
对于“转化酶抑制剂”,理解为如以下的化合物:阿拉普利、贝那普利、卡托普利、西拉普利、依那普利、依那普利拉、福辛普利、咪哒普利、赖诺普利、莫西普利、培哚普利、喹那普利、雷米普利、螺拉普利、替莫普利、群多普利、佐诺普利,这些化合物中的每一种本身可以与利尿剂(如双氢氯噻嗪或者茚磺苯酰胺)或者与钙拮抗剂(如阿洛地平、地尔硫革、非洛地平或维拉帕米)并用。
对于“钙拮抗剂”,理解为如以下的化合物:阿洛地平、阿雷地平(aranidipine)、贝尼地平、苄普地尔、西尼地平、地尔硫、依福地平盐酸盐乙醇(éfonidipine hydrochloride éthanol)、法舒地尔、非洛地平、伊拉地平、拉西地平、乐卡地平盐酸盐、马尼地平、米拉地尔盐酸盐、尼卡地平、尼非地平、尼伐地平、尼莫地平、尼索地平、尼群地平、特罗地林或维拉帕米。
对于“β-受体阻滞剂”,理解为如以下的化合物:醋丁洛尔、心得舒、阿膜索罗、阿罗洛尔、氨酰心安、苯呋洛尔、倍他索洛尔、贝凡洛尔、比索洛尔、波吲洛尔、香豆心安、布菲洛尔、布尼洛尔、丁非洛尔、咔唑心安、卡替洛尔、卡维地洛、二氯苯心安、益派洛尔、艾司洛尔、茚旦醇、柳胺苄心定、兰地洛尔(landiolol)、左布诺洛尔、左莫普洛尔、甲吲哚心安、三甲苯心安、美托洛尔、萘羟心安、奈必洛尔、硝苯心定、尼普地洛、心得平、环戊丁心安、吲哚洛尔、普萘洛尔、沙美特罗、甲磺胺心定、他林洛尔、特他洛尔、替尼索洛尔、噻马洛尔、扎莫特罗(xamotérol)或者克西白洛尔。
对于“抗高血脂药或抗高胆甾醇血药”,理解为选自以下的化合物:贝特类(fibrates),如安妥明铝、苄氯贝特、降脂苯酰、环丙贝特、克利贝特、氯苯丁酯、依托贝特或者非诺贝特;抑制素类(statines)(HMG-CoA还原酶的抑制剂),如托伐他汀、氟伐他丁钠、洛伐他汀、普伐他汀、罗苏伐他汀(rosuvastatine)、辛伐他汀,或者如以下的化合物:阿西莫司、烟酸铝、阿扎胆醇、消胆胺、右旋甲状腺素、美格鲁托、烟酸戊四醇酯、烟氯苯丁酯、烟酸、β-谷甾醇或者羟硫癸烷。
对于“抗糖尿病剂”,理解为属于以下种类中的一种的化合物:磺脲类、biguanidines、α-葡糖苷酶抑制剂类、噻唑烷二酮类、metiglinides,如阿卡波糖、乙酰磺环已脲、氯磺丁脲、氯磺丙脲、格列本脲、格列波脲、格列齐特、格列美脲、格列甲嗪、格列喹酮,格列派特、氨磺丁噻二唑、格列嘧啶、美他己脲、二甲双胍、米格列醇、纳格列奈、吡格列酮、瑞格列奈、罗格列酮、甲磺吖庚脲、甲苯磺丁脲、曲格列酮、伏格列波糖,以及胰岛素和胰岛素类似物。
对于“抗肥胖剂或者对代谢紊乱起作用的药剂”,理解为如以下的化合物:安非泼拉酮,苯氟雷司、苄非他明、茚丙胺、吗吲哚、美芬雷司、去氧麻黄碱、D-去甲伪麻黄碱、西布茶明、托吡酯、脂肪酶抑制剂(orlistat cetilistat)、PPAR激动剂(过氧化物酶体增殖因子活化受体激动剂(Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Agonist))、多巴胺激动剂、瘦素受体激动剂(agoniste récepteurs de leptine)、血清素再吸收抑制剂、β-3激动剂、CCK-A激动剂、NPY抑制剂、MC4(黑皮质素4)受体激动剂、MCH(黑色素浓缩激素)受体拮抗剂、食欲素拮抗剂、磷酸二酯酶抑制剂、11βHSD(11-β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶)抑制剂、DPP-IV(二肽基肽酶IV)抑制剂、组胺H3拮抗剂(或者反向激动剂)、CNTF(睫状神经营养因子)衍生物,GHS(生长激素促分泌素)受体激动剂、生长素调节剂(modulateur de laghréline)、甘油二酯酰基转移酶(DGAT)抑制剂、磷酸二酯酶(PDE)抑制剂、甲状腺激素激动剂、糖皮质激素受体拮抗剂、硬脂酰-CoA-脱氢酶(SCD)抑制剂、磷酸盐转运调节剂、葡萄糖转运调节剂、脂肪酸转运调节剂、二羧酸盐转运调节剂、5HT2拮抗剂、5HT6拮抗剂、蛙皮素激动剂。
对于“阿片样物质拮抗剂”,理解为如以下的化合物:纳曲酮、纳洛酮或者纳美芬。
对于“可用于治疗骨质疏松症的药剂”,理解为例如双膦酸盐,如依替膦酸钠、氯屈膦酸二钠、替鲁膦酸钠或利塞膦酸钠。
根据本发明,还可以与其它具有抗高血脂、抗高胆甾醇血病、抗糖尿病或者抗肥胖症性质的化合物并用。更特别地,可以与属于以下种类中的一种的化合物并用:
PTP1B(蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酯酶-1B(Protein Tyrosine Phosphase-1B))抑制剂、VPAC2受体激动剂、GLK调节剂、类维生素A调节剂、糖原磷酸化酶(HGLPa)抑制剂、胰高血糖素拮抗剂、葡糖-6磷酸酯抑制剂、丙酮酸脱氢酶激酶(PKD)活化剂、RXR、FXR、LXR调节剂、SGLT(钠依赖葡萄糖运送子(Sodium Dependant Glucose Transporter))抑制剂、CETP(胆固醇酯转移蛋白)抑制剂、鲨烯合成酶抑制剂、鲨烯环氧酶抑制剂、甘油三酯合成抑制剂、LDL(低密度脂蛋白)受体诱导物(inducteur)、IBAT抑制剂、FBP酶(果糖-1,6-二磷酸酯酶(fructose-1,6-biphosphatase))抑制剂、CART(可卡因-苯丙胺-调节转录肽)调节剂、食欲素受体拮抗剂。
根据本发明另一个方面,式(I)化合物或者它的可药用盐的一种或它们的溶剂化物或者水合物中的一种和其它并用的活性成分可以同时地、分开地或者随时间分期进行给药。
对于“同时使用”,给药包含在理解为在单一相同的药物形式内的根据本发明的组合物的化合物。
对于“分开使用”,理解为同时给药根据本发明组合物的两种化合物,包含在每种在不同的药物形式内。
对于“随时间分期使用”,理解为先后给药本发明的组合物的第一化合物(包含在一种药物形式内),然后根据本发明的组合物的第二化合物(包含在不同的药物形式内)。在这种情况下,在给药根据本发明的组合物的第一化合物和给药根据本发明的相同组合物的第二化合物之间经过的时间一般地不超过24小时。
在用于口服、舌下、皮下、肌内、静脉内、体表、局部、气管内、鼻内、经皮或者直肠给药的本发明的药物组合物中,上面式(I)的活性成分或者它的任性的溶剂化物或水合物可以以单位给药形式、以与通常的药物赋形剂的混合物形式对动物和人类给药以用于预防或者治疗上述障碍或者疾病。
适当的单位给药形式包括通过口服途径的形式,如片剂、软或硬胶囊、粉末、颗粒和口服溶液或悬浮液,舌下、含服、气管内、眼内、鼻内、通过吸入的给药形式,体表、经皮、皮下、肌内或静脉内给药形式,直肠给药形式和植入物。对于体表施用,可以在膏、凝胶、软膏或者洗液中使用根据本发明的化合物。
举例来说,根据本发明的化合物的单位给药形式(片剂)可以包含以下组分:
根据本发明的化合物 : 50.0mg
甘露醇 : 223.75mg
交联甲羧纤维素钠 : 6.0mg
玉米淀粉 : 15.0mg
羟丙基甲基纤维素 : 2.25mg
硬脂酸镁 : 3.0mg
通过口服途径,每天给药的活性成分的剂量可以达到0.01-100mg/Kg,以一次或多次摄取,优选地0.02-50mg/Kg。
可能存在特定情况,即更高的或更低的剂量是适当的;这些剂量不脱离本发明的范围。根据惯例,适合于每个患者的剂量由医师根据给药方式和所述患者的体重和反应进行确定。
根据它的另一个方面,本发明还涉及治疗上述病状的方法,其包括向患者给药有效剂量的根据本发明的化合物或者它们可药用盐水合物或者溶剂化物的一种。
Claims (15)
1.对应于式(I)的化合物:
其中:
-A代表:
·(C1-C6)亚烷基,其是未取代的或用(C1-C3)烷基取代一次或多次;
-R1代表氢或(C1-C4)烷基;
-R2代表:
·(C3-C10)烷基,其是未取代的或用三氟甲基取代;羟基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、氟原子或CONH2基团;
·非芳族C3-C12碳环状基团,其是未取代的或用(C1-C4)烷基、羟基、氰基、(C1-C4)烷氧基或COR12基团或氟原子取代一次或多次;
·2,3-二氢化茚基;
·1,2,3,4-四氢萘基-1或-2;
·5-7个原子的含单氧或单硫的杂环基团,其是未取代的或用(C1-C4)烷基取代一次或多次;
·5-7个原子的含单氮的杂环基团,其是未取代的或用(C1-C4)烷基取代一次或多次,其中氮原子还用以下基团取代:(C1-C4)烷基、苯基、苄基、(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基或(C1-C4)烷酰基,所述苯基或苄基是未取代的或用卤素原子、(C1-C4)烷基、三氟甲基、羟基、或(C1-C4)烷氧基取代一次或多次:;
·苯并苯硫基、吲哚基,所述基团是未取代的或用(C1-C4)烷基取代一次或多次;
·带有非芳族C3-C10碳环状基团的(C1-C3)亚烷基,其是未取代的或用(C1-C4)烷基、羟基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、氰基或COR12基团取代一次或多次;
·带有5-7个原子的含单氧、单硫或单氮的杂芳族或非杂芳族的杂环基团的(C1-C3)亚烷基,其是未取代的或用(C1-C4)烷基取代一次或多次;
·带有吲哚基或苯并苯硫基的(C1-C3)亚烷基,所述基团是未取代的或用(C1-C4)烷基取代一次或多次,和该亚烷基是未取代的或用羟基、甲基或甲氧基或用COR12基团取代;
·带有(C1-C4)烷基硫代基的(C1-C3)亚烷基;
·苯基亚烷基,其中亚烷基为(C1-C3),该苯基亚烷基是未取代的或在亚烷基上用一个或多个以下基团取代:甲基、羟基、羟甲基、甲氧基、甲氧基甲基、COR12基团,和在苯基上是未取代的或在苯基上用一个或多个相同或不同的选自以下的取代基取代:卤素原子或(C1-C4)烷基、三氟甲基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、三氟甲氧基;
·二苯甲基或二苯甲基甲基;
·基团NR10R11;
-或R1和R2与跟它们连接的氮原子一起构成:
·或者吗啉基,
·或者哌嗪-1-基或1,4-二氮杂环庚烷-1-基,其是未取代的或用苯基、苄基、苯并二呋喃基,苯并二呋喃基甲基、四氢呋喃基羰基或用COR12或CH2COR12基团取代,所述苄基本身是未取代的或用一个或多个卤素原子或用一个或多个甲氧基或甲氧基甲基取代;
·或者哌啶-1-基、吡咯烷-1-基或氮杂环丁烷-1-基,其是未取代的或用每个独立地选自以下的取代基取代一次或两次:
-氟原子、(C1-C4)烷基、羟基、氰基、COR12、NR13R14、NHCOR15、CH2COR12、SO2Alk;或SO2NR13R14;
-苯基、苄基、吡啶基,所述苯基、苄基或吡啶基是未取代的或用每个独立选自以下的取代基取代一次或多次:卤素原子、甲基、三氟甲基、羟基、(C1-C4)烷氧基和氰基;
-哌啶-1-基、吡咯烷-1-基、氮杂环丁烷-1-基,所述哌啶-1-基、吡咯烷-1-基或氮杂环丁烷-1-基是未取代的或用氟原子、(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、羟基、三氟甲基和OCF3取代一次或多次;
-R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8每个彼此独立地代表氢原子或卤素原子、CN、S(O)nALK、OS(O)nALK基团、未取代的或用每个独立选自氟原子、OALK、S(O)nALK、OS(O)nALK和NHSO2Alk的取代基取代一次或多次的(C1-C7)烷基或未取代的或用一个或多个每个独立选自氟原子、OALK、S(O)nALK、OS(O)nALK和NHSO2Alk的取代基取代的(C1-C6)烷氧基;
-R9代表-OH、-CN、-CO2H、NR13R14、-CONR13R14、-NR1COR13、-CONHNH2、-CONHOH、-CONHSO2Alk、-S(O)nAlk、-SO2CF3、-SO2NR13R14、-NR1SO2Alk、-NR1SO2CF3、-NR1SO2NR13R14或选自以下的基团:
-R10代表氢原子或甲基;
-R11代表(C3-C6)烷基、苯基或(C3-C10)环烷基,所述苯基和环烷基是未取代的或用一个或多个独立选自以下的取代基取代:卤素原子或(C1-C4)烷基或三氟甲基;
-或R10和R11与跟它们连接的氮原子一起构成4-11个原子的饱和或非饱和的桥连或非桥连的杂环基团,其包含或不包含螺碳原子和包含或不包含选自O或N的第二杂原子,所述基团是未取代的或用每个独立选自以下的取代基取代一次或多次:羟基、(C1-C4)烷基、(C1-C4)烷氧基-羰基、COR12或苯基,该苯基是未取代的或用一个或多个每个独立选自卤素原子和(C1-C4)烷基的取代基取代;
-R12代表(C1-C4)烷基、苯基、苄基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、三氟甲基、NR13R14基团;
-R13和R14每个独立代表氢原子或任选地用一个或多个OH、F或OALK取代的(C1-C6)烷基,或R13和R14与跟它们连接的氮原子一起构成4-7个链节的杂环基团,其可以包含选自氮原子、氧原子或硫原子的第二杂原子;
-R15代表(C1-C4)烷基或三氟甲基;
-n代表0、1或2;
-ALK代表(C1-C4)烷基,其是未取代的或用一个或多个氟原子取代;
-Alk代表(C1-C4)烷基;
为碱或与酸的加成盐形式,以及为水合物和溶剂化物形式。
2.根据权利要求1的式(I)化合物,其中:
-R1代表氢和R2代表NR10R11,其中R10和R11与跟它们连接的氮原子一起构成5-11个碳原子的饱和杂环基团,其是未取代的或用(C1-C4)烷基取代一次或多次;
-或者R1和R2与跟它们连接的氮原子一起构成哌啶-1-基,其用苯基、苄基、吡咯烷-1-基、哌啶-1-基、4,4-二氟哌啶-1-基取代和用氰基、(C1-C3)烷酰基、氨基羰基、甲烷磺酰基、N-甲基磺酰基或N,N-二甲基磺酰基取代;
-或者R1和R2一起代表哌嗪-1-基,其在-4-位用苯并二呋喃基或苯并二呋喃基甲基取代或用苄基取代,其中该苄基本身是未取代的或用一个或多个卤素原子取代或用一个或多个甲氧基或甲氧基甲基取代;
-和/或R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8每个彼此独立地代表氢原子、卤素原子或甲氧基;
-A-R9具有在权利要求1对于(I)所指出值中的一种;
以及它们的盐、它们的溶剂化物和它们的水合物。
3.根据权利要求1的式(I)化合物,其中:
-R1代表氢,R2代表用苯基或用甲氧基或甲氧基羰基取代的哌啶-1-基或(C1-C3)亚烷基;
-或者R1代表氢和R2代表苯基亚烷基,其中该亚烷基为(C1-C3),该苯基亚烷基在该亚烷基上是未取代的或在亚烷基上用甲基、羟基、羟甲基、甲氧基、甲氧基甲基取代,和在苯基上是未取代的或在苯基上用卤素原子、甲基、三氟甲基、羟基、甲氧基取代一次或多次;
-或者R1和R2与跟它们连接的氮原子一起代表在-4位用苯基、哌啶-1-基和用乙酰基、氨基羰基或氰基进行同位-双取代的哌啶-1-基;
-或者R1和R2一起代表哌嗪-1-基,其在-4-位用本身是未取代的或用卤素原子取代的苯并二呋喃基甲基或苄基取代;
-R6为4-氯代基或4-甲氧基,R3和R4代表2,4-二氯代基或2-氯代基,R5、R7、R8代表氢原子;
-A代表(CH2)q基团,其中q=2、3、4或5;
-R9代表选自以下的基团:-CO2H,-NHSO2CF3,-NHSO2CH3,-SO2CH3;
以及它们的盐、它们的溶剂化物和它们的水合物。
6.下式的化合物:
其中:
-X代表卤素原子、羟基、(C1-C4)烷氧基或苄氧基;
-A代表:
(C1-C6)亚烷基,其是未取代的或用(C1-C3)烷基取代一次或多次;
-R3、R4、R5、R8、R7、R8每个彼此独立地代表氢原子或卤素原子、(C1-C6)烷氧基、S(O)nALK、OS(O)nALK基团或(C1-C7)烷基,该(C1-C7)烷基是未取代的或用氟原子、OALK、S(O)nALK或OS(O)nALK基团取代一次或多次。
-R9代表基团-OH、-CO2H、NR13R14、-CONR13R14、-CN、-CONHNH2、-CONHOH、-CONHSO2Alk、-S(O)nAlk、-SO2CF3、-SO2NR13R14、-NHSO2Alk、-NHSO2CF3、-NHSO2NR13R14,或选自以下的基团:
-n代表0、1或2;
-ALK代表(C1-C4)烷基,其是未取代的或用一个或多个氟原子取代;
-Alk代表(C1-C4)烷基。
7.药物,特征在于它包含根据权利要求1-4任一项的式(I)化合物,或该化合物与可药用酸的加成盐,或式(I)化合物的水合物或者溶剂化物。
8.药物组合物,特征在于它包含根据权利要求1-4任一项的式(I)化合物,或该化合物的水合物或者溶剂化物,以及至少一种可药用赋形剂。
9.如在权利要求1-4中定义的式(I)化合物用于制备药物的用途,所述药物用于治疗或预防其中涉及受体CB1的疾病。
10.根据权利要求9的用途,特征在于所述疾病为精神障碍、物质依赖和物质戒除、认知障碍、注意障碍或者意识障碍、急性或者慢性神经变性疾病。
11.根据权利要求9的用途,特征在于所述疾病为代谢紊乱、欲望障碍、食欲障碍、肥胖症、II型糖尿病、代谢综合征、血脂异常。
12.根据权利要求9的用途,特征在于所述疾病为疼痛、神经病理性疼痛、由抗癌治疗所引起的疼痛。
13.根据权利要求9的用途,特征在于所述疾病为胃肠道疾病、呕吐、腹泻、溃疡、肝脏疾病。
14.根据权利要求9的用途,特征在于所述疾病为免疫系统疾病、类风湿性关节炎、脱髓鞘、多发性硬化、炎症性疾病。
15.根据权利要求9的用途,特征在于所述疾病为阿尔茨海默氏疾病、帕金森症、精神分裂症、认知障碍、糖尿病、肥胖症、代谢综合征和烟草戒除。
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CN101535250A true CN101535250A (zh) | 2009-09-16 |
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US (1) | US8044072B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2094656B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5210320B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20090080992A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101535250A (zh) |
AR (1) | AR064596A1 (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE520654T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2007330651A1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0718962A2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2669996A1 (zh) |
CL (1) | CL2007003318A1 (zh) |
CR (1) | CR10772A (zh) |
DO (1) | DOP2009000105A (zh) |
EA (1) | EA200970497A1 (zh) |
EC (1) | ECSP099339A (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2908766B1 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL198481A0 (zh) |
MA (1) | MA30996B1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2009005366A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO20092066L (zh) |
PE (1) | PE20081495A1 (zh) |
SV (1) | SV2009003265A (zh) |
TN (1) | TN2009000166A1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW200829565A (zh) |
UY (1) | UY30729A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2008068423A2 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA200903865B (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102964304A (zh) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-03-13 | 苏州大学 | 含吡唑烷酮结构的手性氨基氰化物的制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2930940B1 (fr) * | 2008-05-09 | 2011-02-11 | Sanofi Aventis | Derives de pyrrole, leur preparation et leur application en therapeutique |
FR2930939B1 (fr) * | 2008-05-09 | 2010-07-30 | Sanofi Aventis | Derives de pyrrole, leur preparation et leur application en therapeutique |
WO2018010656A1 (zh) * | 2016-07-12 | 2018-01-18 | 南京明德新药研发股份有限公司 | 作为ppar激动剂的吡咯烷衍生物 |
RU2749056C1 (ru) | 2017-12-21 | 2021-06-03 | Гуандун Рэйновент Байотек Ко., Лтд. | Аморфное производное пирролидина в качестве агониста ppar и способ его получения |
EP3886854A4 (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2022-07-06 | Nuvation Bio Inc. | PYRROLE AND PYRAZOLE COMPOUNDS AND METHODS OF USE THERE |
Family Cites Families (6)
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WO2003007887A2 (en) * | 2001-07-20 | 2003-01-30 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Substituted imidazoles as cannabinoid receptor modulators |
FR2856683A1 (fr) * | 2003-06-25 | 2004-12-31 | Sanofi Synthelabo | Derives de 4-cyanopyrazole-3-carboxamide, leur preparation et leur application en therapeutique |
WO2005118553A1 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2005-12-15 | Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V. | Tetrasubstituted imidazole derivatives as cannabinoid cb1 receptor modulators with a high cb1/cb2 receptor subtype selectivity |
FR2874012B1 (fr) * | 2004-08-09 | 2008-08-22 | Sanofi Synthelabo | Derives de pyrrole, leur preparation et leur utlisation en therapeutique |
FR2881744B1 (fr) * | 2005-02-09 | 2007-04-27 | Sanofi Aventis Sa | Derives de n-[(4,5-diphenyl-2-thienyl)methyl]amine, leur preparation et leur application en therapeutique |
EP1874734A1 (en) * | 2005-02-16 | 2008-01-09 | Solvay Pharmaceuticals B.V. | 1h-imidiazole derivatives as cannabinoid cb2 receptor modulators |
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- 2007-11-19 AU AU2007330651A patent/AU2007330651A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-11-19 CA CA002669996A patent/CA2669996A1/fr not_active Abandoned
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- 2007-11-19 AT AT07870294T patent/ATE520654T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-11-19 WO PCT/FR2007/001888 patent/WO2008068423A2/fr active Application Filing
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- 2009-05-14 US US12/465,893 patent/US8044072B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102964304A (zh) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-03-13 | 苏州大学 | 含吡唑烷酮结构的手性氨基氰化物的制备方法 |
CN102964304B (zh) * | 2012-09-28 | 2015-06-17 | 苏州大学 | 含吡唑烷酮结构的手性氨基氰化物的制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2094656A2 (fr) | 2009-09-02 |
CA2669996A1 (fr) | 2008-06-12 |
ZA200903865B (en) | 2010-08-25 |
JP5210320B2 (ja) | 2013-06-12 |
WO2008068423A2 (fr) | 2008-06-12 |
CR10772A (es) | 2009-07-23 |
EA200970497A1 (ru) | 2009-10-30 |
ATE520654T1 (de) | 2011-09-15 |
EP2094656B1 (fr) | 2011-08-17 |
WO2008068423A3 (fr) | 2008-07-31 |
SV2009003265A (es) | 2010-02-05 |
IL198481A0 (en) | 2010-02-17 |
TN2009000166A1 (fr) | 2010-10-18 |
TW200829565A (en) | 2008-07-16 |
MX2009005366A (es) | 2009-06-08 |
ECSP099339A (es) | 2009-06-30 |
US20090281116A1 (en) | 2009-11-12 |
PE20081495A1 (es) | 2008-12-31 |
US8044072B2 (en) | 2011-10-25 |
KR20090080992A (ko) | 2009-07-27 |
CL2007003318A1 (es) | 2008-07-04 |
UY30729A1 (es) | 2008-07-03 |
FR2908766A1 (fr) | 2008-05-23 |
FR2908766B1 (fr) | 2009-01-09 |
AU2007330651A1 (en) | 2008-06-12 |
DOP2009000105A (es) | 2009-05-31 |
AR064596A1 (es) | 2009-04-15 |
JP2010510198A (ja) | 2010-04-02 |
NO20092066L (no) | 2009-08-11 |
MA30996B1 (fr) | 2009-12-01 |
BRPI0718962A2 (pt) | 2013-12-17 |
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