CN101460366A - 用于储存和运输货物的货盘 - Google Patents

用于储存和运输货物的货盘 Download PDF

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CN101460366A
CN101460366A CNA200780020966XA CN200780020966A CN101460366A CN 101460366 A CN101460366 A CN 101460366A CN A200780020966X A CNA200780020966X A CN A200780020966XA CN 200780020966 A CN200780020966 A CN 200780020966A CN 101460366 A CN101460366 A CN 101460366A
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R·皮萨诺
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Abstract

一种通过承载平台储存和运输货物的货盘，所述承载平台由多个平行的支撑件支撑并且由金属板材形成，所述支撑件也由金属板材形成，其特征在于：所述支撑件(4)是管状的；所述支撑件和所述平台的至少将所述支撑件连接到一起的那些部分由单一金属板材形成；所述平台的下表面包括有肋部的面板(6)；在所述管状支撑件的侧壁内设置有开孔(24)，以供升降装置的叉状部件通过，各所述开孔(24)至少其上部由所述支撑件的侧壁的带状部界定；并且所述平台(2)的下表面设置有增强元件，所述增强元件在所述开孔处定位于所述支撑件和所述平台之间。

Description

用于储存和运输货物的货盘
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于储存和运输货物的货盘。
背景技术
众所周知木质货盘用于储存和运输货物。它们具有一系列缺点，尤其是：
——它们具有通常与置于其上的货物的重量相当的大重量(如果木材干燥则为25～26kg)，
——它们需要为它们的构造使用昂贵的设备，导致增加运输产品的成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的是通过提供一种重量较小的用于储存和运输货物的货盘来消除这些缺点。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种能够利用传统方法和设备以简单和自动化方式制造的货盘。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种具有适用于国际运输特点、并且甚至无需附加凭证就符合FAO标准的货盘。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种能够根据对应于不同需求的样式所形成的货盘。
根据本发明，在随后描述中将会清楚的所有这些以及其它目的能通过权利要求1限定的货盘实现。
附图说明
以下将参照附图并根据优选实施方式及其一些变型对本发明进行详细描述，其中：
图1是根据本发明的货盘的立体图；
图2是仰视本发明货盘所得的立体图；
图3是支撑件的局部细节图；
图4是穿过支撑件部分的横截面图；
图5以与图1相同的视图示出本发明货盘的第一变型；
图6以与图1相同的视图示出本发明货盘的第二变型；以及
图7示出本发明货盘的另一变型中的平台的下部部分。
具体实施方式
可从图中看到，本发明的货盘由单件金属板材形成，并大体上包括由三个具有U型横截面的管状支撑件4支撑的承载平台2，支撑件4沿平台2的纵向边缘和平台2的中心线彼此平行地设置。
平台2包括施加到其下表面的金属板6，金属板6包括多个平行的连续沟槽8，所述沟槽8大体上具有V形横截面并且沟槽8的轴线与支撑件4的轴线垂直。
平台的上表面制造得较为粗糙，或者设置有多个呈圆形或方形图案布置的对中肋部或凸起(图中未示)。对中肋部或凸起可通过对形成平台的金属板材进行冲压获得，或者独立地形成并被施加到平台。
本发明还包括插件10，插件10能插入支撑件的凹腔内并通过其纵向边缘固定到对应支撑件的壁，从而形成平台的一部分。
各支撑件4的侧壁14包括起加强作用的平行的连续沟槽16。设置在支撑件的基部20上的肋部18起相似的加强作用，基部20的下表面覆盖有防滑材料或制造得较为粗糙。
各支撑件4的侧壁14的上边缘包括与平台2的有肋部面板的肋部8互补的V形凹槽22。在附图未示出的变型中，各支撑件的基部20的两个端部包括斜截部。
管状支撑件4的侧壁14包括用于与升降叉的尖端接合的开孔24。开孔24整体上的高度小于支撑件4的侧壁14的高度，即各开孔24的上部和下部由支撑件侧壁14的带状部界定。另外，为了便于升降叉插入，各开孔的下边缘位于略低于设置在各支撑件4的基部20上的肋部18的脊部的水平处。同样是为了便于升降叉插入，各开孔的下边缘和那些最接近它的肋部18的脊部由斜面28连接到一起，斜面28优选地通过弯折金属板材的对应于开孔的带状部而获得。
当通常优选地通过切割形成支撑件4的侧壁的金属板材而获得各开孔24时，切开的金属板材部分并不完全切除，而是优选地向上弯折90°并固定到平台2的下表面，以在平台的受压极高部分处形成平台的增强元件。
其它增强元件包括插入管状支撑件4内不包括开孔的那些部分处的成型板30。这些增强元件固定到相应支撑件4的侧壁14和基部20，并且固定至平台2。
这些增强元件由弯折若干次以涉及支撑件一定长度的金属板材制成，并在两个水平边缘内设置有凹槽32和凹槽34，凹槽32和凹槽34与金属板的肋部8和相应支撑件4的基部20的肋部18互补。凹槽34优选地具有比对应肋部18大的尺寸，以允许偶然溢出和/或用于洗涤货盘的液体通过。
其它增强元件包括施加到各支撑件端部的末端插件36，末端插件36优选地由平台和/或支撑件的金属板材的朝支撑件内部弯折的部分构成。
在图6所示的实施方式中，有肋部的金属板40施加到平台的上表面，且金属板40的肋部42平行于沟槽8的轴线。
为了进一步加强本发明货盘的结构，相邻支撑件4也可由连接件34在地面高度处连接到一起，连接件34永久地或可拆装地施加到相邻支撑件4的互相面对的侧壁14之间(参见图7)。
本发明的货盘可通过如下方式构造，即：将金属板材带弯折并成型以形成平台和三个支撑件，然后通过传统的沿缝结合、焊接、铆接及钉接等方式将插件10施加到支撑件内。然后将有肋部的金属板6和金属板40施加到平台的下表面和上表面。
货盘(平台和支撑件)也可通过将金属板适当地弯折和成型而直接地形成。
由前面的描述可以明了本发明的货盘具有很多优点，即：
——对于相同性能(静态性能和动态性能)而言重量较小(小于9kg)，
——它可借由已知的机器和技术(拉拔式压床、折弯机、仿形机)容易地制造，
——它具有与木质货盘相同的尺寸，并因此可用于相同目的，
——它也可用作将要保持在事先竖立的框架上的可拆装地板，
——它可根据需要由插在平台下方的、平行于和垂直于支撑件轴线的升降叉接合和提升。

Claims (36)

1.一种通过承载平台储存和运输货物的货盘，所述承载平台由多个平行的支撑件支撑并且由金属板材形成，所述支撑件也由金属板材形成，其特征在于：
所述支撑件(4)是管状的；
所述支撑件和所述平台的至少将所述支撑件连接到一起的那些部分由单一金属板材形成；
所述平台的下表面包括有肋部的面板(6)；
在所述管状支撑件的侧壁内设置有开孔(24)，以供升降装置的叉状部件通过，各所述开孔(24)至少其上部由所述支撑件的侧壁的带状部界定；并且
所述平台(2)的下表面设置有增强元件，所述增强元件在所述开孔处定位于所述支撑件和所述平台之间。
2.如权利要求1所述的货盘，其特征在于，有肋部的金属板材(40)施加到所述承载平台。
3.如权利要求1所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述支撑件在其底壁(20)上设置有具有平行的连续肋部(18)。
4.如权利要求1所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述支撑件设置有多个内部隔板。
5.如权利要求1所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述支撑件在其侧壁的上边缘内设置有凹槽(22)，所述凹槽(22)与施加到所述平台上的、所述有肋部的面板(6)的肋部(8)互补。
6.如权利要求1所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述支撑件还包括位于其侧壁(14)上的平行的连续沟槽(16)。
7.如权利要求1所述的货盘，其特征在于，各所述开孔的下部也由所述支撑件的侧壁的带状部界定。
8.如权利要求1所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述平台的与所述支撑件对应的那些部分由插件(10)构成，所述插件(10)通过其纵向边缘固定到对应的支撑件的侧壁。
9.如权利要求1所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述支撑件的底壁的外表面上施加有防滑材料。
10.如权利要求1所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述支撑件的底壁的外表面是粗糙的。
11.如权利要求1所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述平台的上表面是粗糙的。
12.如权利要求1所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述增强元件是通过将与各所述管状支撑件的开孔对应的那些金属板材部分向内弯折形成，所述的那些金属板材部分朝所述支撑件的内部弯折直到它们与所述平台的下表面结合为止。
13.如权利要求1所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述增强元件由所述开孔的弯折进所述支撑件内部的边缘构成。
14.如权利要求3所述的货盘，其特征在于，设置于所述支撑件的底壁内的所述肋部的脊部位于不低于所述开孔的下边缘水平的水平处。
15.如权利要求1所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述增强元件由所述开孔的边缘形成，所述边缘被冲压、弯折并固定到所述平台的下表面。
16.如权利要求8所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述插件铆接到所述支撑件。
17.如权利要求8所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述插件焊接到所述支撑件。
18.如权利要求8所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述插件通过卷边连接到所述支撑件。
19.如权利要求1所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述平台的上表面设置有多个容器对中凸起。
20.如权利要求19所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述对中凸起由呈圆形图案设置的肋部构成。
21.如权利要求19所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述对中凸起由呈方形图案设置的肋部构成。
22.如权利要求1所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述管状支撑件设置有末端隔板(36)，所述末端隔板(36)由所述平台和/或所述支撑件的金属板材的组成部分构成，该组成部分朝支撑件内部弯折。
23.如权利要求1所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述管状支撑件的底壁在所述开孔处设置有增强元件。
24.如权利要求1所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述支撑件的底壁的端部设置有斜截部。
25.如权利要求3所述的货盘，包括位于各所述开孔的下边缘和设置于所述管状支撑件的底壁内的相对的肋部之间的连接元件。
26.如权利要求7所述的货盘，其特征在于，设置在各所述开孔处的所述连接元件由金属板材的与所述开孔对应的部分构成，所述部分被冲压并弯折抵靠所述管状支撑件的所述底壁。
27.如权利要求4所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述内部隔板由固定到所述管状支撑件的内壁的金属板材元件构成。
28.如权利要求4所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述内部隔板至少部分地由沿竖直线弯折成若干部分的金属板材元件(30)构成。
29.如权利要求4所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述支撑件的内部隔板在其边缘内设置有凹槽(32、34)，以供所述平台的有肋部的面板(6)内的肋部(8)和各所述支撑件的底壁(20)内的肋部(18)通过。
30.如权利要求29所述的货盘，其特征在于，设置于所述支撑件的内部阻挡板的下部水平边缘内的所述凹槽具有比所述支撑件的对应肋部大的尺寸。
31.如权利要求19所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述凸起由所述平台的经过深冲压的部分构成。
32.如权利要求19所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述凸起与所述平台分开形成，并被施加到所述平台。
33.如权利要求1所述的货盘，包括将相邻的所述管状支撑件连接到一起的增强连接件(38)。
34.如权利要求33所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述增强连接件(38)施加到所述管状支撑件的底壁。
35.如权利要求33所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述增强连接件(38)永久地施加到所述管状支撑件。
36.如权利要求33所述的货盘，其特征在于，所述增强连接件(38)能拆装地施加到所述管状支撑件。
CN200780020966XA 2006-06-06 2007-05-28 用于储存和运输货物的货盘 Expired - Fee Related CN101460366B (zh)

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