CN101415533B - 用于制造塑料管的毛坯以及由该毛坯制成的塑料材质的管 - Google Patents

用于制造塑料管的毛坯以及由该毛坯制成的塑料材质的管 Download PDF

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CN101415533B
CN101415533B CN2006800530567A CN200680053056A CN101415533B CN 101415533 B CN101415533 B CN 101415533B CN 2006800530567 A CN2006800530567 A CN 2006800530567A CN 200680053056 A CN200680053056 A CN 200680053056A CN 101415533 B CN101415533 B CN 101415533B
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J·孔茨
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Alwenlena & Co KG Alpra Works GmbH
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于制造塑料管的毛坯(20)，其具有基本呈圆柱形的主体(1)，主体(1)的纵向端部之一将过渡到头部(2)，所述头部(2)具有可封闭的挤压开口，主体(1)的另一纵向端部(5)呈开放式。毛坯(20)是以挤出吹塑法制成的，其中单层或者多层被挤出的塑料管材在吹塑模具内按照吹塑模具型腔来吹胀。头部部分(2)内设置的挤压开口设有一次性封口(27)，一次性封口(27)在吹胀过程中在吹塑模具内制成。本发明还公开了一种塑料管，其具有细长形主体(1)，所述主体通过压合/熔接部(6)封闭。

Description

用于制造塑料管的毛坯以及由该毛坯制成的塑料材质的管
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于制造塑料管的以挤出吹塑法制成的毛坯，以及一种由所述毛坯制成的被装灌的塑料管别。
背景技术
以往普遍使用的由白铁皮、有色金属皮、玻璃或者陶瓷制成的容器正越来越多地被塑料容器取代。这涉及特别是管状的、以前经常用金属薄片制成的容器。在此情况下，小质量和低造价肯定扮演了重要的角色。所用的塑料材料的可回收性对于终端用户更多地接受塑料容器而言也是重要因素。
用于储存并一次性使用的容器必须在一次使用之后被处理，例如染发剂容器等，其容纳物是针对一次性使用的。在这里，非常希望排空的容器所占据的空间尽可能小。塑料管状容器特别适于这种叠放。同时在这种一次性产品中存在这样一种愿望，即对于这种一次使用之后就需要处理的容器，将制造复杂度和生成成本保持在很低水平上。管形容器可以以其自身为已知的挤出吹塑法制造，该方法在制造过程中对于可应用的塑料材料、层叠顺序以及成型提供了较大的自由度。在此，管形容器可以以熟知的方式处理，特别是可以被装灌设备装灌并封口。可重复封闭的盖或封口应该可以取消。管形容器的功能对于终端用户是不言自明的，并且一次性排空容器可以毫不费力地完成。在这里还要关注这样的情况，即稳定的染发剂一般是与显色剂配套出售的，显色剂通常布置在独立的瓶内。使用前，管内容纳物与显色剂必须相互混合。仅当与显色剂化合之后，染发剂才能发挥所期望的效果。因而希望实现这样一种管，其使得管内包括的颜料和显色剂的混合能够以简单且不会污染的方式实现。
发明内容
本发明的任务是提出一种改进的在挤出吹塑法中制造的用于制造塑料管的毛坯和由该毛坯制造的被装灌的塑料材质的管
根据本发明，用于制造塑料管的毛坯具有基本呈圆柱形的主体，其纵向端部之一将过渡到头部，头部具有可封闭的挤压开口，主体的另一纵向端部呈开放式。毛坯以挤出吹塑法制成，其中单层或者多层被挤出的塑料管材在吹塑模具内按照吹塑模具型腔来吹胀。头部内设置的挤压开口设有一次性封口，该一次性封口在吹胀过程中在吹塑模具内制成并且是旋钮式封口。
根据本发明的毛坯已经设有一次性封口，并以这种形状输送到装灌设备。装灌设备仅需将一定量的膏状物质通过开放的纵向端部灌入毛坯主体内，并随后封闭主体的开放端部。这个过程一般通过将主体开放的纵向终端的端部部分压合并熔接来实现。也可以规定，主体开放的端部在装灌之后通过封合或者通过粘合来封闭。因为仅需装灌和封口，所以对于装灌设备应用根据本发明的毛坯是有利的。复杂且昂贵的设备(其内进行挤压、吹胀、填充并封口)就不用考虑了。同时所需设备的运行、维护和维修费用也因而降低。毛坯的制造将由专业的且配备有相应设备的企业来完成。通过放弃可重复封闭的开口并设计一次性封口，该制造过程就被简化并且降低了成本。由此，可以更简单地构造头部部分。一次性封口在制造毛坯时就已经在吹塑模具内的吹胀过程中被制成。毛坯的制造是由单层或者多层挤出的塑料管材借助成熟的挤出吹塑法来实现的。
终端用户得到具有一次性封口的塑料软管。在一次性应用产品情况下，这种可能性正好被扩大了，即管内的所有容纳物都要被使用，以达到理想的效果。会导致不满意和不期望结果的错误理解的“节约”，将被避免，这是因为终端用户不能再次封闭该管。由于放弃可再次拧紧的封口，使用后需要处理的容器的体积被降低。
本发明的一个非常有利的变形实施方式规定，在毛坯上形成旋钮式封口作为一次性封口。这种旋钮式封口例如已经在软饮料瓶上使用并被证明是有效的。旋钮式封口是毛坯头部部分的一体化的组成部分。它与头部部分整体式地构成，并且与主体以及毛坯的头部部分的材质相同，在吹胀过程中在吹塑模具的型腔内就已经被制成。它的优点是，终端用户在处理被挤扁的管时可以将被拧出的封闭部与管一起处理，这是因为它们是由相同的材料制成的。
旋钮式封口具有盖部分，其通过被构造为设定断裂点的薄弱区域整体地与头部部分形成挤出开口边缘的部分连接。抓取部突出于该盖部分的外侧。为了开启，以手持定塑料管的主体并借助另一只手的拇指和食指抓住抓取部，通过相对主体转动旋钮，主体部分被构造为环形设定断裂点的薄弱区域将会断开，并且盖部分可以被揭起。挤出开口现在被开启，并且管内容纳物可以通过挤出开口输出。
有利的是，旋钮式封口在根据本发明的毛坯挤出吹塑时就已经被制成。在此，环形的设定断裂点将在吹塑模具的型腔内形成。抓取部是由被挤出的塑料管材的被挤落的部分形成的。旋钮式封口在挤出吹塑过程中的制造不需要附加工序，也不需要附加时间成本！
毛坯的一种有利变形实施方式规定，其头部部分具有不同于圆形形状的外轮廓，并且设有至少一个通风面。在稳定的染发剂情况下，管内的颜料和瓶内的显色剂将作为配套产品出售。在管内包括的颜料必须与显色剂混合，之后才能应用。该混合物瓶的颈部宽度和管按照有利方式是这样相互适应的，即管的头部部分可以被引入瓶颈内。在根据本发明的该实施方式中，至少一个通风面使得可以排出在瓶内包括的气体，该气体将在把管内容纳物挤入到显色剂内时被排挤出来。这样可以避免工作面的污染。
有利的是，毛坯由多层挤出塑料管材形成，该塑料管材具有防光、防氧、防潮的阻挡层。特别是在毛坯具有旋钮的该变形实施方式情况下，在封口盖的区域内保证该多层式结构，并且可以100％地实现阻挡。在本发明的另一个十分恰当的变形实施方式中，由多层挤出塑料管材成型的毛坯具有用于氧气的消气层。多层构造的毛坯可以具有3至6层或更多层。也可以规定，这些层中的至少一个层是由再生塑料垃圾或者余料，即所谓的可回收垃圾制成的。
其它特征和优点将由下面描述的本发明实施例并参考示意性附图来获得。
附图说明
以下视图不按照比例示出：
图1示出根据本发明的毛坯的一个实施例的透视图，该毛坯具有整体式构成的一次性封口；
图2示出图1所示毛坯的侧视图；
图3示出根据图1和图2的毛坯的头部部分的截面图；
图4示出沿一次性封口至毛坯头部部分的过渡部的横截面图；
图5示出毛坯的头部部分的横截面图；
图6示出由根据图1至图5的毛坯制造的被装灌的塑料管的侧视图；以及
图7示出根据图6的塑料管的透视图。
具体实施方式
图1-5以不同视图和剖视图示出根据本发明的毛坯的一个实施例。毛坯在这里都以附图标记20表示。用于制造塑料管的以挤出吹塑法制成的毛坯20具有长形的、基本呈圆柱形的主体1，头部部分2连接主体1的纵向端部之一。主体1的对置的纵向端部5呈开放形。为制造毛坯20，借助挤出口，挤出、截取无限的单层或者多层塑料管材，并通过高压在吹塑模具内根据型腔将其吹胀。在这里毛坯20的头部部分2也同时形成。挤出吹胀借助早已由现有技术公开的吹塑机完成，并且挤出吹塑机允许同时制造多个毛坯。
头部部分2具有挤出开口3，其被边缘部分包围。挤出开口被以一体式的方式与头部部分2形成的一次性封口封闭，该一次性封口尤其被构造为旋钮式封口27。旋钮式封口27具有盖部分30，其通过被构造为设定断裂点的薄弱区域29整体式地与头部部分2的、形成挤出开口3的边缘部分连接。盖部分30上突出有抓取部28，它具有压扁的构形且例如具有槽式波纹轮廓。抓取部28简化了旋钮式封口27的抓取，旋钮式封口27被相对于头部部分2旋转，借以断开设定断裂点。旋钮式封口27的制造在吹胀挤出塑料管材的过程中在吹塑模具的型腔内完成。抓取部28例如简单地通过压扁管部分制成。
图4示出被构造为设定断裂点的薄弱区域29在从盖部分30到头部部分2的过渡部上的一个变形实施方式。例如设有缩颈，缩颈将导致薄弱区域29的与圆形横截面形状不同的横截面。
图5示出头部部分2的横截面。头部部分2具有不同于圆形形状的外轮廓，该外轮廓例如通过密封面24和通风面25的顺序排列实现。密封面24的曲率与连续的、圆形的外轮廓的曲率大致相同。与此相反，通风面25以凹形延伸。在稳定的染发剂情况下，管内的颜料和瓶内的显色剂将作为配套产品出售。管内包括的着色剂必须与显色剂混合，之后才能应用该混合物。瓶的颈部宽度和管按照有利方式是这样相互适应的，即管的头部部分可以被引入瓶颈内。在根据本发明的构造方式中，在头部部分2上的密封面24提供支承，并服务于在瓶颈内以某种程度密封的固定。凹形通风面25使瓶内包括的气体可以排出，该气体在把管内容纳物挤入到显色剂内时被排挤出来。由此可以避免工作面被污染。
以挤出吹塑法制成、具有整体式旋钮式封口27的毛坯20被装灌设备以常见方式通过主体1开放的纵向端部5灌以膏状物等(例如染发剂)。随后封闭纵向端部5。这例如通过压合或者熔接或者通过封合或者粘接来实现，图6和图7示出压合/熔接部6。由此获得被装灌塑料管21的特征性形状。图6和图7在此示出的塑料管21设有完好的旋钮式封口27。通过相对于主体1的头部部分转动旋钮式封口27，断开设定断裂点，并使得挤出开口被开启。塑料管21的容纳物在开启后被简单挤压至极少的剩余量。旋钮式封口27与塑料管21的主体1的材质相同，并且可以在完成挤压容纳物之后与主体1一同处理掉。

Claims (8)

1. 用于制造塑料管的毛坯，该毛坯具有基本呈圆柱形的主体（1），所述主体的一个纵向端部过渡到具有通过一次性封口（17；27）封闭的挤出开口（3）的头部部分（2），而所述主体的另一个纵向端部（5）开放地构造，其特征在于，所述头部部分（2）具有与圆形形状不同的外轮廓，所述外轮廓通过密封面（24）和至少一个通风面（25）形成，所述头部部分（2）的宽度与一个与所述塑料管配套使用的瓶子的颈部宽度如此地相适配，使得在所述头部部分（2）插入所述瓶子的颈部中情况下所述密封面（24）提供在所述瓶子的颈部中的支撑和密封的固定而所述通风面（25）允许排出所述瓶子中含有的气体，并且所述主体（1）由单层或者多层挤出的塑料管材在吹塑模具中按照吹塑模具型腔被吹胀并且所述一次性封口（17；27）在吹胀过程中在所述吹塑模具内制成。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的毛坯，其特征在于，所述一次性封口（27）是旋钮式封口。
3. 根据权利要求2所述的毛坯，其特征在于，所述旋钮式封口（27）是所述头部部分（2）的整体式组成部分，与所述头部部分（2）一体地构成，并且由与所述主体（1）和所述头部部分（2）相同的材料制成。
4. 根据权利要求3所述的毛坯，其特征在于，所述旋钮式封口（27）具有盖部分（30），所述盖部分通过构造为设定断裂点的薄弱区域（29）一体地与头部部分（2）的、形成所述挤出开口（3）边缘的部分（4）连接，并且一个抓取部（28）凸出于所述盖部分（30）。
5. 根据权利要求4所述的毛坯，其特征在于，所述设定断裂点（29）是在所述吹塑模具的型腔内制成的，并且所述抓取部（28）是由所述挤出的塑料管材的一个挤压部分形成的。
6. 根据前述权利要求1至5之一所述的毛坯，其特征在于，所述挤出塑料管材被构造为多层式的，并且具有防光、防氧和防潮的阻挡层。
7. 根据前述权利要求1至5之一所述的毛坯，其特征在于，所述挤出塑料管材被构造为多层式的，并且具有用于氧气的消气层。
8. 一种塑料管，其具有容纳膏状物的长形主体（1），所述主体的一个纵向端部具有包括挤出开口（3）的头部部分（2），所述挤出开口（3）具有一次性封口（17，27），并且所述主体的与此相对的纵向端部（5）通过压合和/或者熔接部（6）封闭，其特征在于，所述塑料管由根据前述权利要求1至7之一所述的毛坯（10；20）制成，其中，所述压合和/或者熔接部（6）是在所述长形主体（1）被装灌膏状物之后制成的。
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