CN101401536A - Ecological organic grow method for pearl guava with raising earthworm - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture planting, and in particular discloses an ecological organic method for planting pearl guavas and raising earthworms, which comprises the concrete steps: (1) according to the characteristics of loving moisture and disliking accumulated water of the pearl guavas and the earthworms, gutters are dug to drain stagnant water and reduce underground water level, and a planting garden for the pearl guavas is planned; (2) during planting the earthworms, the earthworms are raised, and earthworm excretion is taken as fertilizer to supply the growth of the earthworms all the time; and (3) field management work such as fruit thinning, flowering and fruiting control, covering packages on fruits, and insect control according to the technical requirements on pearl guava planting. In the invention, the planting of the pearl guavas provides a good natural environment for the breeding of the earthworms; and the raising of the earthworms can effectively improve the cultivating environment of the pearl guavas, so the method contributes to the environmental protection, realizes the high quality and yield of the pearl guavas, can breed the earthworms with good quality, truly realize together breeding and double gains of the pearl guavas and the earthworms, improve the social, economic and ecological benefits synchronously, and promote the health sustainable development of the agricultural production.

Description

A kind of ecological organic grow method of pearl guava with raising earthworm

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of kind method for planting of pearl guava, specifically is a kind of ecological organic grow method of pearl guava with raising earthworm.

Background technology

The often edible pearl guava of people is to introduce from Taiwan now, originates in tropical America, adapts to the good fruit of alluvial plain, Zhujiang River network of waterways plantation.It is cultivated easily, early bearing high yield (plantation then is results then, the perpetual bloom result), not only fruit shape is attractive in appearance pleasing, fruit matter sharp and clear fresh and sweet, the thin meat of seed is sliding, and is rich in vitamin C, pulp and calcareous etc., diabetic feed.Add other batchings such as preserved plum when fruit is eaten raw, other has some peculiar flavour; Fruit is squeezed the juice when drinking, and then sweet acid is moderate, and is clearly pleasant.Just be that so pearl guava can keep the market fast sale, becomes one of first-selected kind of current fruit variety structural adjustment.

In addition, about the economic worth of earthworm, earthworm is precious from head to foot.The earthworm medical value is very high, it have heat radiation, relieving convulsion, relieving asthma, functions such as diuresis, the network of promoting blood circulation, be the raw material of multiple important medicine, such as the highly effective Lumbrokinase of treatment cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, from earthworm, extract; Earthworm is high protein mollusk (protein content reaches 70%), can make the excellent feed of fowl poultry, aquaculture; Earthworm contains rich in amino acid, enzyme, vitamin and active substance, again can be in order to develop plurality kinds of health care food, cosmetics; Particularly because earthworm can be a food with industry, agricultural and exhausting organic waste, and be translated into antibiotic property organic manure---the wormcast of high-quality, therefore have important economic implications and realistic meaning for environmental protection and development organic farming.

At present, China's arable area reduces year by year, and land resources is day by day in short supply, and how earthworm is to improve the land use rate in the planting process of guava, and raising soil output and economic benefit are important topics that needs to be resolved hurrily.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of ecology planting method of pearl guava with raising earthworm is provided.The plantation of guava provides good natural environment for breeding of earthworm, earthworm can improve the cultivation environment of guava effectively, help environmental protection, realize the good quality and high output of guava, also can cultivate simultaneously the preferable earthworm of kind, real realization pearl guava and earthworm educate double increase altogether, and society, economy, ecological three benefits promote synchronously, promote that agricultural production develops to the sustainable direction of health.

In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention realizes by following technical scheme:

A kind of ecological organic grow method of pearl guava with raising earthworm, its concrete steps are:

(1) according to pearl guava and the moistening characteristic of avoiding ponding of earthworm happiness, dug the drain ditch, planned the plantation field of guava with water drainage and lowering of watertable;

(2) at the planting process earthworm of pearl guava, grow with the full phase supply of wormcast as fertilizer sources guava;

(3) require to carry out fruit thinning, regulation and control in term, fruit bagging, sick worm impairment field management work according to the pearl guava planting technology.

In the above-mentioned steps (1), per 7 meters drain ditchs are arranged in the plantation field, 4 meters of each furrow face plant line-spacings, and 3 meters of ditch both sides line-spacings, and 3 meters of spacing in the rows, plant all plays the pier plantation, and pier is high 25 centimetres～and 30 centimetres; Pearl guava is by graft seedling growth, and field planting is based on spring;

In above-mentioned steps (2):

(i) abundant sharp pig cow dung just reaches orchard crop cauline leaf, shedding, weeds stack retting barnyard manure, prepares sufficient feed for breeding earthworm;

(ii) in the ranks guava, make base-material with the barnyard manure that ferments, lay about 60 centimetres wide, 15 centimetres high culturing beds (working path of earthworm and guava field management has been stayed in attention), kind earthworm amount according to 100 kilograms every mu evenly drops into kind of an earthworm, mulching straw, shading net, and carry out according to the specification requirement of vermiculture and to water (spray) water, clear earthworm excrement, add feed (will add feed about 10 days once), and spray daily managements mission such as the short ovum agent of earthworm, vigor element.

(iii) plant earthworm throw in after approximately through two months, culturing bed carries out bright earthworm results when becoming earthworm density to reach every square metre of 10,000 to 10,000 5 thousand left and right sides.The main harvest time of earthworm is in spring, autumn, and at the beginning of winter, summer.Hot summer, high temperature and rainy earthworm in season was in duration of diapause, can arrange soil leisure, sterilization.Culturing bed can be gathered in the crops bright earthworm about 3 times every year, and the once bright earthworm of every results is just thoroughly changed the culturing bed base-material once;

(iv) add the surface layer earthworm excrement that clears before the material, and the earthworm excrement that changes behind the bright earthworm of results, except need were applied to the guava plant immediately, remaining will be collected and dry and store, and was standby to do at every turn.

Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

1. the guava plantation is overlapped foster natural complementation and optimum long mutually with earthworm

1.1. the guava plantation provides good natural environment for breeding of earthworm:

Earthworm happiness is dark, it is moist to like, be afraid of high temperature, fear severe cold and avoid anoxic.And at guava earthworm in the ranks, the plant of guava can be covered the sunshine in midsummer for vermiculture in the ranks, keeps out the cold wind in midwinter, can help preserving moisture of earthworm bed, guarantees the circulation of air again.Like this, just, earthworm provides more satisfactory microclimate environment for breeding.

1.2 earthworm improves the cultivation environment of guava effectively.

The soil environment that the guava rhizosphere need loosen, and guava to be happiness moistening and avoid the ponding crop.Owing at guava earthworm in the ranks, need often keep the humidity of earthworm bed about 60% by manually watering, this has just facilitated comparatively moistening environment around the guava plant.Earthworm also can get into and carry out activity, the soil of the guava rhizosphere scope of having loosened virtually below the soil of field except perching in the artificial culturing bed of laying.Particularly, earthworm eats behind the organic waste, through the effect of digestive system, is converted into the earthworm excrement and excretes.And the earthworm excrement itself has the granular structure that soda acid neutrality, aqueous vapor are in harmonious proportion, porosity is big, and the earthworm excrement is imposed on the guava plant nearby, has improved water conservation, the fertilizer-preserving ability of its rhizosphere soil undoubtedly greatly.In addition,, also suppressed guava plant growing of weeds on every side greatly, helped the generation that the orchard ventilates and reduces damage by disease and insect because the cover of earthworm is supported.

1.3 earthworm can provide high-quality and antibiotic property organic manure for the guava plantation, both favourable environmental protection, more can realize the guava good quality and high output.

Earthworm is food with the humus, and fowl and animal excrement and orchard discarded object (cauline leaf as banana, pawpaw reaches superseded fruit etc.) can be used as earthworm feedstuff.Earthworm feed feed and the earthworm excrement of discharging, not only be rich in macroelement such as the required nitrogen of plant, phosphorus, potassium, also be rich in the required trace element of various plants, and pass through microbial action, mineral matter element all becomes water miscible easily by the active ingredient of plant absorbing and auximone, meanwhile, beneficial microbe also is able to increase at double in the earthworm excrement.In addition,, self formed very strong disease resistance ability, just contained the synthetic class antibiotic substance of microorganism in its earthworm excrement, can suppress plurality of plant diseases, reduced the generation of insect pest because earthworm is come into contacts with rotten foods such as muck, rubbish from generation to generation.

Because above such characteristics, add that earthworm muck effect is lasting and do not have stink, the earthworm excrement is imposed on the guava plant, guaranteed that not only guava has the organic nutrient supply of abundance and obtains high yield, and, promptly organic waste has been converted into organic manure because of turning waste into wealth, and the use of inorganic fertilizer and minimizing agricultural chemicals is used in release, thereby when eliminating environmental pollution effectively, the guava fruit quality is improved greatly, realize the cultivation of healthy fruit.

2. pearl guava with raising earthworm has improved economic benefit

Through a large amount of test contrasts, the guava of earthworm not, blade is carefully thin, and fruit shape is tiny, the acid of fruity band; And the guava of earthworm, the blade plumpness is broad, thick thick and strong, the refreshing sweet no sour of fruity of fruit shape, and output also greatly improves.

In addition, earthworm also can be gathered in the crops about 1000 kilograms of bright earthworms for every mu except that having solved the required fertilizer of pearl guava, and the output value of earthworm is higher.

Embodiment

The ecological organic grow method of a kind of pearl guava with raising earthworm of the present invention, its concrete steps are:

(1) pearl guava plantation

1. field planning:

At Zhujiang River network of waterways plantation pearl guava, in the time of the planning field, all like moistening characteristic of avoiding ponding according to pearl guava and earthworm, dug the drain ditch with water drainage and lowering of watertable; Make pearl guava one-tenth garden results as early as possible by rational close planted, the earthworm of supporting for simultaneously cover is brought up and shades, keeps off cold microclimate environment.Per 7 meters drain ditchs can be arranged in the field for this reason, 4 meters of each furrow face plant line-spacings, 3 meters of ditch both sides line-spacings, and 3 meters of spacing in the rows.Plant all plays the pier plantation, and pier is high 25 centimetres-30 centimetres.Pearl guava is by graft seedling growth, and field planting is based on spring.

2. fertilising

Do the growth of full phase of fertilizer supply pearl guava with wormcast, spread manuer in holes 5 kilograms in earthworm excrement of every strain before the field planting, later per season topdresses around plant ditch spread earthworm excrement according to the guava growing situation, exempts to execute chemical fertilizer.

3. plant normal specification requirement according to pearl guava and carry out a series of field management work such as fruit thinning, regulation and control in term, fruit bagging, the extermination of disease and insect pest.

(2) earthworm

1. suit measures to local conditions, make full use of pig cow dung and just reach stack retting barnyard manure such as orchard crop cauline leaf, shedding, weeds, prepare sufficient feed for breeding earthworm.

2., make base-material guava in the ranks, lay about 60 centimetres wide, 15 centimetres high culturing beds (working path of earthworm and guava field management has been stayed in attention) with the barnyard manure that ferments.Select self economic worth high and be suitable for the good earthworm kind " flat No. two greatly " of artificial high-density breeding, evenly drop into kind of an earthworm according to the kind earthworm amount about 100 kilograms every mu.Mulching straw, shading net etc., and carry out according to the specification requirement of vermiculture and to water (spray) water, clear earthworm excrement, add feed (will add feed about 10 days once), and spray daily managements mission such as the short ovum agent of earthworm, vigor element.

3. approximately through two months, culturing bed carried out bright earthworm results when becoming earthworm density to reach every square metre of 10,000 to 10,000 5 thousand left and right sides after the kind earthworm was thrown in.Main harvest time is in spring, autumn, and at the beginning of season, summer.Hot summer, high temperature and rainy earthworm in season was in duration of diapause, can arrange soil leisure, sterilization.Culturing bed can be gathered in the crops bright earthworm about 3 times (the bright earthworm of every results is just thoroughly changed the culturing bed base-material once) general every year.

4. add the surface layer earthworm excrement that clears before the material, and the earthworm excrement that changes behind the bright earthworm of results, except need were applied to the guava plant immediately, remaining will be collected and dry and store, and was standby to do at every turn.

The present invention realizes that really pearl guava and earthworm educate double increase altogether, and society, economy, ecological three benefits promote synchronously, promotes that agricultural production develops to the sustainable direction of health.

Claims (2)

1. the ecological organic grow method of a pearl guava with raising earthworm, its concrete steps are:

(1) according to pearl guava and the moistening characteristic of avoiding ponding of earthworm happiness, dug the drain ditch, planned the plantation field of guava with water drainage and lowering of watertable;

(2) at the planting process earthworm of guava, grow with the full phase supply of wormcast as fertilizer sources pearl guava;

(3) require to carry out fruit thinning, regulation and control in term, fruit bagging, the harm of sick worm according to the pearl guava planting technology and control field management work.

2. the ecological organic grow method of pearl guava with raising earthworm according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

In the above-mentioned steps (1), per 7 meters drain ditchs are arranged in the plantation field, 4 meters of each furrow face plant line-spacings, and 3 meters of ditch both sides line-spacings, 3 meters of spacing in the rows, plant all plays pier plantation, and pier is high 25 centimetres～and 30 centimetres, pearl guava is by graft seedling growth, and field planting is based on spring;

In the above-mentioned steps (2):

(i) abundant sharp pig cow dung just reaches orchard crop cauline leaf, shedding, weeds stack retting barnyard manure, prepares sufficient feed for breeding earthworm;

(ii) in the ranks guava, make base-material with the barnyard manure that ferments, lay about 60 centimetres wide, 15 centimetres high culturing beds, note having stayed the working path of earthworm and guava field management, kind earthworm amount according to 100 kilograms every mu evenly drops into kind of an earthworm, mulching straw, shading net, and carry out according to the specification requirement of vermiculture and to water (spray) water, clear earthworm excrement, add feed (will add feed about 10 days once), and spray the short ovum agent of earthworm, the generally normal management work of vigor;

(iii) plant earthworm throw in after approximately through two months, culturing bed becomes earthworm density to reach every square metre of 10,000 to 10,000 5 thousand left and right sides Shi Ke to carry out bright earthworm results, the main harvest time of earthworm is at the beginning of spring, autumn and winter, summer, hot summer, high temperature and rainy earthworm in season was in duration of diapause, can arrange soil leisure, sterilization, culturing bed can be gathered in the crops bright earthworm 3 times general every year, and the once bright earthworm of every results is just thoroughly changed the culturing bed base-material once;

(iv) add the surface layer earthworm excrement that clears before the material, and the earthworm excrement that changes behind the bright earthworm of results, except need were applied to the guava plant immediately, remaining will be collected and dry and store, and was standby to do at every turn.