CN101380064B

CN101380064B - New feedstuff for breeding yellow meal worm larva

Info

Publication number: CN101380064B
Application number: CN2008101373899A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马玉堃; 刘雪峰; 李玲; 朱峰; 尹艳豹; 陈立明
Original assignee: Northeast Forestry University
Current assignee: Northeast Forestry University
Priority date: 2008-10-24
Filing date: 2008-10-24
Publication date: 2012-05-23
Anticipated expiration: 2028-10-24
Also published as: CN101380064A

Abstract

The invention aims at providing a novel feed for cultivating the larvae of yellow meal worms; the novel feed takes oyster mushroom fungus chaff, which is a waste from the edible mushrooms farming industry, as the feed source. The preparing technical of the oyster mushroom fungus chaff is as follows: 78% of broadleaf wood chips, 20% of rice bran, 1% of glucose and 1% of calcium sulphate are evenly stirred and then added with water to be prepared into culture medium. The culture medium is loaded into a culture medium bag which is put in an electric sterilizer and sterilized for 2 hours, then the sterilized culture medium bag is cooled below 30 DEG C, and strains of oyster mushroom are inoculated under aseptic condition. The culture medium bag inoculated with the strains of oyster mushroom is put into a culture room for cultivation. After spawn running, fruiting management is carried out to the culture medium bag, and the culture medium, which no longer grows mushrooms, is called oyster mushroom fungus chaff. The invention explores a brand new way for obtaining protein, provides a new method for cultivating yellow meal worms, lowers the cost for cultivating yellow meal worms and is suitable for large-scale yellow meal worm cultivation.

Description

A kind of new feedstuff of culturing Yellow meal worm larva

(1) technical field

The present invention relates to poultry breeding technique, is exactly a kind of new feedstuff of culturing Yellow meal worm larva specifically.

(2) background technology

The pale brown look of the larva of yellow meal worm, happiness food flour so cry yellow meal worm, is named the bread worm again, and formal name used at school Tenebrio molitor (L.) belongs to coleoptera, intends Paussidae, intends ground beetle and belongs to.Adult is identical with the feeding habits of larva, is omnivorous insect, is a kind of large-scale storage pest, physiological genetics experiment material, is again the valuable source insect of great exploitation potential for its.Yellow meal worm makes feed, and its protein content is high, and the amino acid ratio is reasonable, and its aliphatic acid quality and micronutrient levels all are superior to fish meal.And the suitable live body of Yellow meal worm larva directly feeds, to the facilitation of growth of animal be other feed can not than.In poultry production, with birds such as yellow meal worm feeding chickling, quail, black-bone chicken, cockfighting, duck, geese, the young fowl of nursing grows soon, the egg-laying season, breeding potential and survival rate all had raising, and can strengthen its resistance against diseases in advance.

The breed of yellow meal worm is main with the wheat bran of throwing something and feeding, rice bran, suitably adds to feed fish meal, soya-bean cake powder, coarse colza meal, the leaf etc. that plants vegetables respectively.In order to improve yellow meal worm output; Often carry out forage compounding, generally press wheat bran, rice bran 270g (27%), wheat flour 690g (69%); Dusty yeast 35g (3.5%); Calcium tablet 2.5g (2.5%), the ratio of salt 2.5g (2.5%) is carried out proportioning, suitably covers with choppings such as dish blade, fruit leftover bits and pieces to supply above the culture medium to search for food.The proportioning ratio that other is also arranged, like wheat bran 70%, corn flour 25%, soy meal 4.5%, feeding B B-complex 0.5% is wheat bran 40% for another example, corn flour 40%, soya-bean cake 18%, feeding B B-complex 0.5%, salt-mixture 1.5%.Wherein rice bran and wheat bran all will account for 80%～95%, and it mainly is to make feed with wheat bran, rice bran or corn that visible traditional yellow meal worm is cultured.In recent years, because higher food prices causes the aquaculture cost of yellow meal worm increasingly high, traditional method for breeding just progressively loses actual application value.

(3) summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of is the new feedstuff of the breed Yellow meal worm larva of feed resource with the discarded flat mushroom bacterium chaff of edible mushroom aquaculture.

The objective of the invention is to realize like this: with flat mushroom bacterium chaff is a kind of new feedstuff of culturing Yellow meal worm larva of raw material, and the preparation technology of described flat mushroom bacterium chaff is following:

(1) with 78% hardwood sawdust, 20% rice bran, 1% glucose, 1% calcium sulfate, add water 50%-60% after evenly stirring, process culture medium.

(2) culture medium is packed in the cultivation material bag, require the degree of tightness appropriateness, reserve the usefulness of 5 centimetres of spaces in the upper end of bag for the cover neck ring.

(3) cultivation material bag is put in the high-pressure sterilizing pot sterilization 2 hours.

When (4) cultivation material bag after will sterilizing is cooled to below 30 ℃, under aseptic condition, flat mushroom strain is inserted.

The cultivation material bag that (5) will insert flat mushroom strain is put into culturing room's cultivation.

(6) the bacterium bag of sending out behind the bacterium carries out the fruiting period management, and no longer the culture medium of fruiting is referred to as flat mushroom bacterium chaff and (remains 30% nutritional labeling, contain thick protein 6.70% through measuring; Crude fibre 17.80%, crude fat 0.21%, coarse ash 36.92%; Calcium 1.81%, phosphorus 0.32%).

(7) flat mushroom bacterium chaff is pulverized.

The present invention does new feed resource with the discarded flat mushroom bacterium chaff of edible mushroom aquaculture; Opened up the new method that brand-new approach obtaining protein and yellow meal worm are cultured; Greatly reduce the cost that yellow meal worm is cultured, and can combine the breed of large edible bacterium to carry out the raising of scale yellow meal worm.

(4) specific embodiment

For example the present invention is described further below.

Embodiment 1: flat mushroom bacterium chaff is raised the test of yellow meal worm: cut-off directly is 9 centimetres a culture dish, and every ware is put into 20 larvas, and the body weight of larva in the every box of weighing every day is asked average weight of larva and the gain in weight of every day.As dead larva appears, and remove after dead larva being counted this body weight and quantity statistics, add up method like this at every turn.But when beginning to pupate in arbitrary ware, then no longer the body weight of this ware larva is write down in weighing.Do 3 repetitions altogether.The mushroom bacterium chaff of all from the bacterium bag, making even every day is put into new capsule.With traditional pure wheat bran and wheat bran, flat mushroom bacterium chaff each half the be contrast, promptly feed divides three kinds: the 1# feed is pure wheat bran, the 2# feed is wheat bran and bacterium chaff 1:1 proportioning; The 3# feed is pure flat mushroom bacterium chaff.

(1) weight of the weight of the larva surveyed of the gain in weight of the larva=same day-the previous day larva

The larva number of (2) surviving after the larva number-off-test during total death toll (head)=on-test

(3) larva number * 100% during general mortality rate (%)=total death toll/on-test

The gained data are carried out statistical analysis, adopt minimum remarkable differential method to average several significances of difference relatively.

Yellow meal worm larva body weight (fresh weight) the change records result (15d) (table 1, table 2, table 3) that DIFFERENT FEED is raised, and this data carried out variance analysis and carry out F check (table 4).

Yellow meal worm larva body weight (g) (fresh weight) table that table 1 1# feed is raised

	1d	2d	3d	4d	5d	6d	7d	8d	9d	10d	11d	12d	13d	14d	15d
																1	2.27	2.26	2.29	2.26	2.24	2.23	2.30	2.30	2.30	2.32	2.38	2.43	2.43	2.32	2.21
2	2.11	2.10	2.17	2.17	2.16	207	1.99	1.99	2.00	2.05	2.12	2.21	2.11	1.94	1.94
																3	2.29	2.29	2.32	2.31	2.16	2.16	2.35	2.39	2.34	2.42	2.49	2.57	2.27	2.29	2.15

Yellow meal worm larva body weight (g) (fresh weight) table that table 2 2# feed is raised

	1d	2d	3d	4d	5d	6d	7d	8d	9d	10d	11d	12d	13d	14d	15d
																1	2.14	1.99	2.10	2.07	2.03	2.01	2.09	1.99	1.99	2.06	2.14	2.23	2.23	2.21	2.24
2	2.17	2.14	2.20	2.17	2.14	2.12	2.24	2.21	2.23	2.26	2.31	2.35	2.19	2.25	2.16
																3	2.17	2.24	2.21	2.21	2.17	2.15	2.16	2.15	2.08	2.12	2.23	2.33	2.33	2.18	2.18

Yellow meal worm larva body weight (g) (fresh weight) table that table 3 3# feed is raised

	1d	2d	3d	4d	5d	6d	7d	8d	9d	10d	11d	12d	13d	14d	15d
																1	2.23	2.17	2.20	2.17	2.13	2.12	2.26	2.24	2.22	2.27	2.38	2.49	2.47	2.49	2.39
2	2.16	2.12	2.17	2.15	2.12	2.10	2.19	2.07	2.05	2.01	2.05	2.08	2.09	1.99	2.04
																3	2.06	2.09	2.06	2.02	2.02	2.13	2.10	2.08	2.09	2.22	2.35	2.28	2.22	2.22	2.27

The individual average weight variance analysis of table 4 Yellow meal worm larva computational chart

ANOVA showed significant, the feed kind with raise fate to Yellow meal worm larva whose body weight increase effect extremely significantly (p < 0.01), interaction between them not obvious (p < 0.05).The influence of raising fate is bigger, explain that the Yellow meal worm larva individual's body weight average of three types of feeds raisings has remarkable increase, i.e. Yellow meal worm larva normal growth in these three types of feeds respectively.

The 3# feed is the flat mushroom bacterium chaff after handling, and is novel fodder, and Yellow meal worm larva also not too adapts in this type of feed grows, and therefore raises average every weightening finish in preceding 5 days less than the former two, and environment is needed a laundering period.Body weight all has obvious increase after 5 days, explains that the Yellow meal worm larva upgrowth situation is good, can in flat mushroom bacterium chaff, live fully and promptly can use pure flat mushroom bacterium chaff to raise Yellow meal worm larva.

With 7.5 kilograms of calculating of every kilogram of commercial insect trans-utilization bacterium chaff powder, it is turned waste into wealth, the benefit of optimization production environment is very considerable.

Embodiment 2: a piece of paper in the shop, bottom of imago breeding utensil, the feed of the about cm thick of one deck on the paper upper berth is placed on adult on the feed then.In the time of 25 ℃, adult eclosion begins mate and oviposit after about 6 days.Yellow meal worm is the gregariousness insect, and mate and oviposit must have certain population density, and every square of cadelle case is supported 1500～3000.When adult lays eggs oopod is extended below the feed, ovum is originated in above the paper, ovum paper sticks worm's ovum after 3～5 days, more renews ovum paper.

The ovum paper that takes out puts together, is placed in the case by the identical date, and layer overlay flat mushroom bacterium chaff gently, last lid layer dish leaf with the humidity that keeps being fit to, is treated after larva hatches it to be lived between bacterium chaff and the dish leaf, lets alone free choice feeding.

Temperature can be hatched in the time of 24～34 ℃ in 6～9 days.Just the larva of hatching is very soft, tries not to touch with hand, in order to avoid it is come to harm.Three ages of larval phase can not added other feed in the past, and feed originally is enough edible.Larva is through after 15～20 days, and feed is eaten up basically in the case, can screen out the worm excrement for the first time.Sieve worm excrement screened out the worm excrement one time in later per 3～5 days with 60 purpose screen clothes, the edible fungi residue feed of throwing something and feeding simultaneously a time, and input amount was eaten up with 3～5 days and is as the criterion.Can throw something and feed dish leaf or melon and fruit peels etc. moisturize and nutrition.Should be in the previous day of sieve worm excrement, input amount is use up degree of being to be eaten by larva a night, or before throw something and feed dish leaf, melon and fruit peel, earlier the worm excrement is sifted out, and will not eat most dish leaf, melon and fruit peel as early as possible and chooses in second day.Prevent that humidity is excessive in the basin, in order to avoid cause feed mold, larva is dead.Under 27 ℃, relative humidity 70% condition, larval phase 25～38d, 9～11 ages of larval phase.

Claims

1. new feedstuff of culturing Yellow meal worm larva is characterized in that: this new feedstuff is the discarded flat mushroom bacterium chaff of edible mushroom aquaculture, and the preparation technology of described flat mushroom bacterium chaff is following:

(1) with 78% leaf wood wood chip, 20% rice bran, 1% glucose, 1% calcium sulfate, add water 50%-60% after evenly stirring, process culture medium;

(2) culture medium is packed in the cultivation material bag bag, require the degree of tightness appropriateness, reserve the usefulness of 5 centimetres of spaces in the upper end of bag for the cover neck ring;

(3) cultivation material bag is put in the high-pressure sterilizing pot sterilization 2 hours;

When (4) cultivation material bag after will sterilizing is cooled to below 30 ℃, under aseptic condition, flat mushroom strain is inserted;

The cultivation material bag that (5) will insert flat mushroom strain is put into culturing room's cultivation;

(6) the bacterium bag of sending out behind the bacterium carries out the fruiting period management, and no longer the culture medium of fruiting is referred to as flat mushroom bacterium chaff, contains thick protein 6.70%, crude fibre 17.80%, crude fat 0.21%, coarse ash 36.92%, calcium 1.81%, phosphorus 0.32% through measuring;

(7) flat mushroom bacterium chaff is pulverized.