CN101370606B - 稀土类烧结磁体及其制造方法 - Google Patents
稀土类烧结磁体及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101370606B CN101370606B CN2006800453471A CN200680045347A CN101370606B CN 101370606 B CN101370606 B CN 101370606B CN 2006800453471 A CN2006800453471 A CN 2006800453471A CN 200680045347 A CN200680045347 A CN 200680045347A CN 101370606 B CN101370606 B CN 101370606B
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 24
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical group [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000521 B alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005307 ferromagnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 pulverize Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0611—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by a single casting wheel, e.g. for casting amorphous metal strips or wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0577—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/0273—Imparting anisotropy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/0293—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets diffusion of rare earth elements, e.g. Tb, Dy or Ho, into permanent magnets
Abstract
Description
试样No. | Ndα1 | Prα1 | Dyα2 | Tbα2 | Co | B | Cu | Alβ | Fe | β/α2 | 备考 |
1 | 18.7 | 5 | 7.5 | 0 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 剩余 | 0.007 | 比较例 |
2 | 18.7 | 5 | 7.5 | 0 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.22 | 剩余 | 0.029 | 比较例 |
3 | 18.7 | 5 | 7.5 | 0 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.38 | 剩余 | 0.051 | 实施例 |
4 | 18.7 | 5 | 7.5 | 0 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.58 | 剩余 | 0.077 | 实施例 |
试样No. | Br(T) | HcJ(kA/m) | 备考 |
1 | 1.235 | 2030 | 比较例 |
2 | 1.220 | 2165 | 比较例 |
3 | 1.200 | 2340 | 实施例 |
4 | 1.180 | 2440 | 实施例 |
试样No. | Ndα1 | Prα1 | Dyα2 | Tbα2 | Co | B | Cu | Alβ | Fe | β/α2 | 备考 |
5 | 22.2 | 5 | 3.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.05 | 剩余 | 0.013 | 比较例 |
6 | 22.2 | 5 | 3.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.20 | 剩余 | 0.050 | 比较例 |
7 | 22.2 | 5 | 3.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.35 | 剩余 | 0.088 | 实施例 |
8 | 22.2 | 5 | 3.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.41 | 剩余 | 0.103 | 实施例 |
9 | 22.2 | 5 | 3.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.62 | 剩余 | 0.155 | 比较例 |
试样No. | Br(T) | HcJ(kA/m) | 备考 |
5 | 1.315 | 1600 | 比较例 |
6 | 1.303 | 1760 | 比较例 |
7 | 1.295 | 1895 | 实施例 |
8 | 1.290 | 1940 | 实施例 |
9 | 1.267 | 1990 | 比较例 |
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005349199 | 2005-12-02 | ||
JP349199/2005 | 2005-12-02 | ||
PCT/JP2006/324012 WO2007063969A1 (ja) | 2005-12-02 | 2006-11-30 | 希土類焼結磁石及びその製造方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN101370606A CN101370606A (zh) | 2009-02-18 |
CN101370606B true CN101370606B (zh) | 2013-12-25 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN2006800453471A Active CN101370606B (zh) | 2005-12-02 | 2006-11-30 | 稀土类烧结磁体及其制造方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8182618B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1961506A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4743211B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101370606B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2007063969A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102218531B (zh) * | 2011-05-18 | 2012-12-19 | 山西众恒磁性材料有限公司 | 高性能烧结钕铁硼永磁体的混合制备方法 |
CN102832003A (zh) * | 2011-06-17 | 2012-12-19 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | 一种钕/铁/硼基永磁体 |
CN102982936B (zh) * | 2012-11-09 | 2015-09-23 | 厦门钨业股份有限公司 | 烧结Nd-Fe-B系磁铁的省却工序的制作方法 |
CN103887028B (zh) * | 2012-12-24 | 2017-07-28 | 北京中科三环高技术股份有限公司 | 一种烧结钕铁硼磁体及其制造方法 |
JP5464289B1 (ja) * | 2013-04-22 | 2014-04-09 | Tdk株式会社 | R−t−b系焼結磁石 |
JP5924335B2 (ja) | 2013-12-26 | 2016-05-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 希土類磁石とその製造方法 |
JP2016076614A (ja) * | 2014-10-07 | 2016-05-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 希土類磁石の製造方法 |
WO2016155674A1 (zh) | 2015-04-02 | 2016-10-06 | 厦门钨业股份有限公司 | 一种含有Ho和W的稀土磁铁 |
CN106448985A (zh) * | 2015-09-28 | 2017-02-22 | 厦门钨业股份有限公司 | 一种复合含有Pr和W的R‑Fe‑B系稀土烧结磁铁 |
CN107910154B (zh) * | 2017-12-05 | 2020-01-31 | 京磁材料科技股份有限公司 | 改善钕铁硼加工性能的制备方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1251464A (zh) * | 1998-10-14 | 2000-04-26 | 日立金属株式会社 | R—t—b系烧结型永磁体 |
CN1533313A (zh) * | 2002-04-12 | 2004-09-29 | 住友特殊金属株式会社 | 稀土类合金粉末的压制成型方法以及稀土类合金烧结体的制造方法 |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6032306A (ja) | 1983-08-02 | 1985-02-19 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co Ltd | 永久磁石 |
JPS6077959A (ja) | 1983-10-03 | 1985-05-02 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co Ltd | 永久磁石材料の製造方法 |
JPH0547533A (ja) | 1991-08-15 | 1993-02-26 | Tdk Corp | 焼結永久磁石およびその製造方法 |
JP3254229B2 (ja) * | 1991-09-11 | 2002-02-04 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 希土類永久磁石の製造方法 |
ATE167239T1 (de) | 1992-02-15 | 1998-06-15 | Santoku Metal Ind | Legierungsblock für einen dauermagnet, anisotropes pulver für einen dauermagnet, verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen und dauermagneten |
JPH05234733A (ja) | 1992-02-20 | 1993-09-10 | Tdk Corp | 焼結磁石 |
JP3846835B2 (ja) * | 1998-10-14 | 2006-11-15 | 株式会社Neomax | R−t−b系焼結型永久磁石 |
WO2002079530A2 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-10 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd. | Rare earth alloy sintered compact and method of making the same |
DE10291720T5 (de) * | 2001-05-30 | 2004-08-05 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co., Ltd. | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines gesinterten Presslings für einen Seltenerdmetall-Magneten |
US7258751B2 (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2007-08-21 | Neomax Co., Ltd. | Rare earth magnet and method for production thereof |
JP2003243210A (ja) * | 2001-06-29 | 2003-08-29 | Tdk Corp | 希土類永久磁石 |
US6833036B2 (en) | 2001-06-29 | 2004-12-21 | Tdk Corporation | Rare earth permanent magnet |
US7199690B2 (en) * | 2003-03-27 | 2007-04-03 | Tdk Corporation | R-T-B system rare earth permanent magnet |
JP3728316B2 (ja) * | 2004-01-08 | 2005-12-21 | Tdk株式会社 | R−t−b系希土類永久磁石 |
US7618497B2 (en) | 2003-06-30 | 2009-11-17 | Tdk Corporation | R-T-B based rare earth permanent magnet and method for production thereof |
-
2006
- 2006-11-30 US US12/095,617 patent/US8182618B2/en active Active
- 2006-11-30 EP EP06833815A patent/EP1961506A4/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-11-30 WO PCT/JP2006/324012 patent/WO2007063969A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2006-11-30 CN CN2006800453471A patent/CN101370606B/zh active Active
- 2006-11-30 JP JP2007548012A patent/JP4743211B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1251464A (zh) * | 1998-10-14 | 2000-04-26 | 日立金属株式会社 | R—t—b系烧结型永磁体 |
CN1533313A (zh) * | 2002-04-12 | 2004-09-29 | 住友特殊金属株式会社 | 稀土类合金粉末的压制成型方法以及稀土类合金烧结体的制造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1961506A4 (en) | 2010-01-13 |
JPWO2007063969A1 (ja) | 2009-05-07 |
WO2007063969A1 (ja) | 2007-06-07 |
EP1961506A1 (en) | 2008-08-27 |
CN101370606A (zh) | 2009-02-18 |
US20100148897A1 (en) | 2010-06-17 |
JP4743211B2 (ja) | 2011-08-10 |
US8182618B2 (en) | 2012-05-22 |
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