CN101365572B - 用于制造配有嵌件的塑料空心体和配有嵌件的塑料容器的制造方法 - Google Patents

用于制造配有嵌件的塑料空心体和配有嵌件的塑料容器的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN101365572B
CN101365572B CN2006800525624A CN200680052562A CN101365572B CN 101365572 B CN101365572 B CN 101365572B CN 2006800525624 A CN2006800525624 A CN 2006800525624A CN 200680052562 A CN200680052562 A CN 200680052562A CN 101365572 B CN101365572 B CN 101365572B
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inserts
hollow body
goods
mould
framework
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CN101365572A (zh
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D·宾许尔斯
M·博尔歇特
D·奥伊利茨
K·格贝特
T·克雷默
H·洛伦茨
R·勒韦尔
C·梅伦
G·沃尔特
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Cotex Texron Co Ltd And Chuanghe Co
Kautex Textron GmbH and Co KG
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
    • B29C37/0078—Measures or configurations for obtaining anchoring effects in the contact areas between layers
    • B29C37/0082—Mechanical anchoring
    • B29C37/0085—Mechanical anchoring by means of openings in the layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03177—Fuel tanks made of non-metallic material, e.g. plastics, or of a combination of non-metallic and metallic material
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C49/20—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor of articles having inserts or reinforcements ; Handling of inserts or reinforcements
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    • B29C69/004—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore making articles by joining parts moulded in separate cavities, said parts being in said separate cavities during said joining
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/20—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor of articles having inserts or reinforcements ; Handling of inserts or reinforcements
    • B29C2049/2008—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor of articles having inserts or reinforcements ; Handling of inserts or reinforcements inside the article
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于由热塑性塑料制造包含嵌件的作为空心体的制品的制造方法。该空心体最好是设计为燃油容器。本方法包含将一个或多个带状或软管形的塑性塑料的预成型件(13)的挤出到一个形成一模腔的模具的两个打开的部分(9a、9b)之间，其中将至少一个由待制成的制品所包含的嵌件(1)放置在模具的两个部分(9a、9b)之间，模具围住预成型件(13)和嵌件(1)加以关闭，其中预成型件(13)在由模具所围成的模腔中获得制品的外形。嵌件(1)在成型时或者刚刚成型后被压向仍然保持塑性的制品的内壁(4)，使得空心体的塑料渗入和流入嵌件(1)的至少一个凹口或开口。

Description

用于制造配有嵌件的塑料空心体和配有嵌件的塑料容器的制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于制造塑料空心体及塑料容器的制造方法。
背景技术
为了制造出热塑性材料的空心体，已知多种不同的制造方法，例如挤出吹塑成型法、深冲法或压铸法。在采用挤出吹塑成型法时，空心体例如可以用唯一的软管状的预制型件无缝地制造出来。当然也可以将一个软管状的预制型件按长度分成几个管段，然后将这些分开地放入一个两部式和多部式的模具中，并在此模具内利用低压或通过气压加荷将之扩径或加以变形。
特别在制造技术性部件的情况下，例如制造燃油容器，这种燃油容器是在前述方法中单部分或多部分地用热塑性塑料制造出来的，要求将不同的内构件或附加件固定在一个空心体上。这可以在制造过程中第一次加热中予以实现，也可以事后予以实现。如果该空心体要将内构件容纳在它的内部，则往往要根据内构件的大小制造空心体时便将内构件置入到该空心体中。被置入的内构件和附加件可以同空心体夹合或者焊合起来，其中这种焊合可在空心体的制造过程中在第一次加热中实现，或者事后在第二次加热中实现，例如通过摩擦焊接或反射焊接。
嵌件在空心体内部的形锁合锚定通常由于其制造方法之故而受到限制。例如在采用挤出吹塑成型法进行空心体制造时，只能局限于按照空心体的轮廓规定一些侧凹或咬边处，借以实现嵌件同空心体的壁部的形锁合锚定。由于这种原因，往往采用焊接方法作为连接技术。但各部件彼此的焊接却有其缺点：被连接的塑料必须要能形成一种彼此焊接的材料匹配，所以为空体选择嵌件或附加部件就受到限制。
例如在用塑料制造塑料容器时，就表现出广泛的局限性，因为某些塑料在遇到燃油的情况下膨胀或对于碳氢化合物是可渗透的。因此，为了某些管道和阀门需要进行材料选择，这种材料选择一开始就排除了同容器或同空心体的焊接可能性。
发明内容
因此，本发明的任务是提供一种制造方法，用于由热塑性塑料制造作为空心体的包含嵌件的制品，该方法在空心体的制造过程中可以特别简单而可靠地将嵌件固定在空心体内。
本发明的另一项任务是，提供一种塑料空心体，嵌件或附加部件可以特别简单地与该空心体形锁合地相连接。
上述任务首先是通过一种制造方法加以解决的，这种制造方法就是一种用于由热塑性塑料制造包含嵌件的作为空心体的制品的制造方法，其中将一个或多个带状的或软管状的用塑化塑料制成的预成型件放置到一个形成一空腔的模具的各打开的部分之间，将至少一个待由制成的制品包含的嵌件安置在模具的各部分之间，将模具围住预成型件和嵌件加以关闭，预成型件在由模具所围成的空腔中获得制品的外形，其中在成型时或者刚刚成型之后将嵌件压向仍然塑性的制品的内壁，使得空心体的塑料渗透过或流过嵌件的至少一个凹口或开口。
利用这种方式便可以相当简单地使嵌件与空心体的壁部实现一种形锁合的锚定。空心体的内壁挤入到和渗入嵌件的锚定开口中，使得在嵌件冷却之后便获得一种形锁合的和不可松开的连接。从各部分的可焊接的意义上来说，各种材料的相容性就不需要了。例如，嵌件也可以用金属或别的材料制成。
通过嵌件的开口的成型，空心体的壁部的通过该开口流入到嵌件中的材料最好形成一个头部，该头部近似地如一个铆钉头保持连接。
采用本方法的一个优选的方案，将嵌件压合到制品的内壁可以不损失辅助机构的条件下予以实现，这些辅助机构大致在制成制品之后本来须再次从制品中撤去。
根据本发明提出的一个特别优选的方案，不要用于转向的辅助机构就能形成连接的头部(上述用于转向的辅助机构就是为了保持住空心体壁部的流入到开口中的塑料)。
最好将两个带状的预成型件压入到一个两部分的吹塑成型模具的两个打开的半部模之间，其中这两个半部模首先朝向一个被安置在它们之间的安装支架-框架关闭，在此安装支架-框架内安置了用于嵌件定位的机构，嵌件利用这些机构可从框架平面出发压向制品的内壁，并且在下一道工序中可将安装支架-框架撤去，两个半部模便对向地关闭，以制成制品。随着下一道工序就可在第一次加热中便可实现制品的两个半部的焊接。
对于专业人员来说，不言而喻的是：代替一个安装支架-框架，也可以配置一个安装支架板。此外，安装支架-框架此外也没有必要一定设计成敞开式的或打开的部件。
本发明的任务还通过一种配有至少一个嵌件或附加部件的塑料空心体来加以解决，该嵌件或附加部件在制造空心体时与该空心体相连接，其中该空心体和该嵌件或附加部件彼此形锁合地如此相连，使得嵌件或附加部件在其与空心体的壁部的接触面范围内具有至少一个贯通孔，所述贯通孔被空心体的壁部的材料所渗透和嵌接。
上述贯通孔最好设计成圆形的孔。此外，该贯通孔也可设计成异形孔，这在下述情况下是特别有利的，就是嵌件只具有一个贯通孔，而且要求嵌件针对空心体的壁部有一个确定的取向。渗透到贯通孔中的塑料最好在嵌件或附加部件上形成一个扩宽的头部，该头部可促使实现两个结构部件的形锁合的锚定。
根据本发明提出的塑料空心体的一个优选的变体，做了如下设定：嵌件具有至少一个足部，所述足部形成一个与空心体的壁部的下沉的或台阶式的接触面。这样，在维持不变的压紧力的情况下，可以提高接触面区域中对空心体的壁部的单位面积压力。足部产生一种冲头式的作用，这种作用可以增强空心体的壁部的热塑性材料流入贯通孔中。贯通孔最好穿过足部的接触面。
根据塑料空心体的一个变体，做了如下设定：足部的接触面是设计成凹入的或锥形的；贯通孔大致形成凹部的最深点，这样就可正面地影响空心体的壁部的热塑性材料流过贯通孔的流动运动。
根据塑料空心体的另一项有利的发展，做了如下设定：贯通孔在其背向空心体的壁部的那一端上做成侧凹。这个侧凹处形成了用于冷却后的熔体销的扩展的头部的支座。
如果本发明提出的塑料空心体例如设计为燃油容器的话，则燃油容器的嵌件可以按前述方法配置多个足部。通过提高连接点的数目和通过连接点的分布，就可对汽车的任一种运行状态都能实现嵌件在燃油容器内部的安全的连接及锚定。
附图说明
下面将参照附图中所示的一个实施列，对本发明做详细说明。
附图表示：
图1和2    嵌件与空心体的壁部相连接的示意正视图；
图3至12   本发明提出的用塑料制成的燃油容器的制造方法的示意图。
具体实施方式
如在图1和2中很简化地示出的，以横截面绘示的嵌件1具有一个配有一贯通孔3的足部2。
如前所述，例如下面将参照用塑料制成的一种燃油容器的制造来说明本发明提出的方法。当然应如下地理解本发明，就是依本发明可以制造任何空心体。连接既可以在空心体内部也可以在空心体外部予以实现。按现在的情况，嵌件1是作为一种燃油容器的保护罐设计的。
图1中所示的嵌件1以其足部2顶压在待制造的空心体的壁部4上，而这时壁部4的塑料材料仍然处在或再次处在塑性状态中。按下面所述的制造方法，在制造空心体时在第一次加热中的连接是如此实现的，使得壁部4的塑料材料仍处于熔液状态中，而且在沿图1中右侧所示的箭头的方向在足部2上施加足够压力时，便形成图2中所示的头部5，该头部嵌接在嵌件1的贯通孔3。贯通孔3最好设计成圆形孔，该孔在其背向壁部4的一端上是加以侧凹的，也就是加以削角的。
为了改善塑性材料的流动特性，足部2具有一个凹入的接触面6，该接触面在中心处，即在其凹入的最深点被贯通孔3所穿通。接触面6和相对于嵌件1下沉的足部2的这种造型有利于熔液流过贯通孔的流动状况。通过足部2的冲头状的下沉的构型，在给定的压紧力的条件下，可提高接触面范围内的单位面积压力。接触面的凹入构型，结合该处产生的增高的单位面积压力，便能有效引导熔液导入贯通孔3中。
贯通孔3在其背向接触面6的一侧配有一个侧凹或削角7，该侧凹用作为头部5的支座。该头部在即使没有侧凹7的情况下也能形成，不过可能需要选择足部2的较小厚度。
如上所述，本发明提出的方法在图3至12中示意地绘示出。
本发明提出的方法包含采用挤吹成型工艺制造作为燃油容器的制品8。
模具包含两个半部模9a、9b，它们彼此互补地设计，在关闭状态中限界出一个模窝10，该模窝决定被制造的制品8的外型。在半部模9a、9b之间安置一个安装架-框架11，该框架是可以活动地安置在半部模9a、9b之间。在安装架-框架11内位置可变地安置了嵌件支架12。这些嵌件支架在安装架-框架11内可通过液压或气动方式在安装架-框架的平面中且与之横向地移动或调节。如在图4中所示，嵌件支架12装配有嵌件1。在现在的情况下，嵌件1是经过一条在图中未详示出的管线而彼此连接。每一个嵌件都大致具有图1和2中所示的构形。
当安装架-框架11被安置在半部模9a、9b之间之后，便会从一个或多个在图中未示出的挤压头中挤压出带状的预成型件13到打开的半部模9a、9b之间。同样也可以不在模具的安装地点挤压出预成型件13，而是在远离安装地点处挤压出预成型件，并且利用一种操作装置将之放到已打开的半部模9a、9b之间。
预成型件13在图5和6中所示的位置中各自处在一个半部模9a、9b和安装架-框架11之间延伸。在下一个工序中，预成型件利用负压而被贴靠到模窝10中的半部模9a、9b的轮廓上。这一点可随半部模9a、9b朝安装架-框架11的关闭予以实现，或者在此之前就予以实现。
利用负压或者也可利用过压将预成型件13完全贴靠到模窝10的轮廓上。
然后将内构件支架12从框架平面中移出，并将内构件1压向制品8的壁部4，也就是压向贴靠在模窝10上的预成型件。于是实现了前面所述及的嵌件1与制品8的壁部4的锚定。
然后使嵌件支架12回到它的初始位置中。半部模打开，其中先已成形的制品8的半壳体仍留在模窝中。安装架-框架11从半部模9a、9b之间移开，模具重新关闭，将制品的两个半壳体彼此焊接起来。
在图11和12中，示意地绘示出制成的制品的脱模和取出情况。
附图标记清单
1        嵌件
2        足部
3        贯通孔
4        壁部
5        头部
6        接触面
7        削角
8        制品
9a、9b   半部模
10       模窝
11       安装架-框架
12       嵌件支架
13       预成型件

Claims (2)

1.一种用于由热塑性塑料制造包含嵌件的作为空心体的制品的制造方法，其中将两个带状的用塑化塑料制成的预成型件放置到或挤入到一个形成一空腔的两部分的吹塑成型模具的打开的各半部模之间，将至少一个待由制成的制品包含的嵌件安置在吹塑成型模具的各半部模之间，其中首先将两个半部模朝向一个被安置在它们之间的安装架-框架关闭并且围住预成型件和嵌件加以关闭，预成型件在由吹塑成型模具所围成的空腔中获得制品的外形，在该安装架-框架内安置有用于定位所述嵌件的机构，利用所述机构将嵌件在成型时或者刚刚成型之后从框架平面中出发压向仍然塑性的制品的内壁，使得空心体的塑料渗透过或流过嵌件的至少一个凹口或开口，并且在另一个工序中将安装架-框架撤去，并将两个半部模彼此相向关闭，以制成制品。
2.按权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：不丧失辅助机构的情况下实现嵌件在制品的内壁上的压合。
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DE102006006469B4 (de) 2018-02-22
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EP1981694A2 (de) 2008-10-22
CA2641463A1 (en) 2007-08-16
JP5614850B2 (ja) 2014-10-29
BRPI0621398B1 (pt) 2017-12-26
BRPI0621398A2 (pt) 2011-12-06
EP2147772B2 (de) 2013-12-25
KR20080106515A (ko) 2008-12-08
JP2012066587A (ja) 2012-04-05
EP2147772B1 (de) 2011-03-16
WO2007090453A3 (de) 2008-05-29
JP2009525893A (ja) 2009-07-16
JP2014037146A (ja) 2014-02-27
DE102006006469A1 (de) 2007-08-16
CN102001176A (zh) 2011-04-06
RU2378116C1 (ru) 2010-01-10
WO2007090453A2 (de) 2007-08-16
DE502006009135D1 (de) 2011-04-28
EP1981694B1 (de) 2012-04-25
CN101365572A (zh) 2009-02-11
EP2147772A1 (de) 2010-01-27
JP5777683B2 (ja) 2015-09-09
ATE554908T1 (de) 2012-05-15
CN102001176B (zh) 2011-12-21
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