CN101335251B - 半导体器件、引线框架以及引线框架的制造方法 - Google Patents

半导体器件、引线框架以及引线框架的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN101335251B
CN101335251B CN2008101285366A CN200810128536A CN101335251B CN 101335251 B CN101335251 B CN 101335251B CN 2008101285366 A CN2008101285366 A CN 2008101285366A CN 200810128536 A CN200810128536 A CN 200810128536A CN 101335251 B CN101335251 B CN 101335251B
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吉野朋之
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
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    • H01L23/00Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/48Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
    • H01L23/488Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
    • H01L23/495Lead-frames or other flat leads
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/48Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
    • H01L23/488Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
    • H01L23/495Lead-frames or other flat leads
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    • H05K2201/10Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10613Details of electrical connections of non-printed components, e.g. special leads
    • H05K2201/10621Components characterised by their electrical contacts
    • H05K2201/10689Leaded Integrated Circuit [IC] package, e.g. dual-in-line [DIL]
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    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
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    • H05K2201/10Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
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    • H05K2201/10Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
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Abstract

提供了一种半导体器件,其具有覆盖有树脂模型的元件和从树脂模型突出的金属引线,其中金属引线的引线尖端部分整体被焊料镀层覆盖并且其中没有被焊料镀层覆盖的引线尖端端面具有小于金属引线的截面积的一半的面积,由此提高了金属引线的可润湿性并且也提高了对电路板的焊接强度。

Description

半导体器件、引线框架以及引线框架的制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种通过用树脂模制如安装在引线框架上的半导体集成电路的元件来制造的半导体器件,以及该引线框架的制造方法。
背景技术
半导体器件通常安装到电路板上以便使用,在该半导体器件中用树脂模制元件,如安装在引线框架上的半导体集成电路。为了确保半导体器件和电路板之间足够的安装强度,延长半导体器件的引线以扩大焊接面积。尽管半导体器件引线的切割表面的焊料可润湿性通常不会保持在良好条件下,但是大的焊接面积和形成Z状的引线使得引线两端和引线跟部中的焊料可润湿性良好,从而允许焊料沿着引线上涨。因此,能确保足够的焊接强度。
大面积焊接确保了安装强度。然而,随着半导体器件的小型化,与电路板的安装强度趋向于变小。由于安装密度的增加,需要降低半导体器件焊接到电路板的引线面积和设置在电路板一侧的电极面积。焊料主要用于将半导体器件安装到电路板上,且安装强度根据半导体器件的引线是否容易被焊料润湿而变化很大。当通过回流等使得焊料温度达到熔点时,焊料与镀层一起熔化,覆盖半导体器件的引线。此时,由于没有镀层的部分不会被焊料润湿且强度较低,因此需要在半导体器件的整个引线表面上形成镀层。半导体器件越小,当仅通过焊料进行焊接时,半导体器件的引线和电路板电极之间的强度就越小。由此,必须确保尽可能多的面积被焊料润湿。特别是,焊料可润湿性在半导体器件的引线尖端部分很重要。这是由于当将半导体器件安装到电路板上时,引线尖端部分易于受到诸如电路板翘曲的作用的影响.
图6是示出常规半导体器件结构的示意性截面图。如图6中所示,在常规半导体器件中,所形成的引线2从树脂21突出。除了通过切割引线2制得的引线尖端切割部分10的引线尖端端面12以外,引线2被电镀层3覆盖.引线尖端端面12的存在降低了对焊接材料的可润湿性,当安装到电路板等上时该焊接材料用作焊接剂。
图7是示出在制造工艺步骤中常规半导体器件结构的简化侧视图。如图7中所示,也是连接两个树脂21和31的引线框架的一部分的引线2具有均匀截面,当切割具有这种结构的引线框架并且相互分离半导体器件时,形成如图6中所示的引线尖端表面12。
发明内容
为了牢固地焊接半导体器件的引线和电路板的电极,提供一种具有引线的半导体器件,其中作为改善半导体器件的引线中的焊料可润湿性的方式,镀层覆盖半导体器件的整个引线尖端部分.而且作为另一种方式,提供了一种具有引线的半导体器件,其中其上未形成镀层的引线尖端切割部分的面积小于半导体器件的引线的截面积的一半。
根据本发明,通过在回流中产生的热量熔化的熔融焊接材料上涨到引线上至其上表面,从而能改善至电路板的安装强度,而不需增大半导体器件的引线面积。而且,可以提高对于安装了半导体器件的电路板的翘曲等的强度。
附图说明
附图中,
图1是示出根据本发明半导体器件的第一实施例的示意性截面图;
图2是示出根据本发明半导体器件的第二实施例的示意性截面图;
图3是示出根据本发明引线框架的第一实施例的示意性平面图;
图4是示出根据本发明引线框架的第二实施例的示意性平面图;
图5是局部示出根据本发明引线框架的示意性侧视图;
图6是示出常规半导体器件结构的示意性截面图;
图7是部分示出常规引线框架的示意性侧视图;
图8是示出根据本发明半导体器件的第三实施例的示意性侧视图;
图9是示出根据本发明半导体器件的第三实施例的示意性截面图。
具体实施方式
以下,将参考附图描述根据本发明半导体器件的实施例。
图1是示出本发明第一实施例半导体器件结构的示意性截面图。半导体器件包括树脂1、引线2和覆盖引线2的表面的金属镀层3。由于包括半导体集成电路(IC芯片)的元件被树脂1覆盖,因此通常从其外部不能看见元件。引线2的一端电连接到在树脂1内部的半导体集成电路,和其另一端从树脂1突出。引线2的该突出部分被形成为适合于通过使用冲模等安装到基板上的形状。镀层3被形成在引线2的暴露到树脂1的外部的一部分的整个表面上。在于图1中示出的实施例中,镀层3覆盖在引线2的端部处的引线尖端部分4,从而引线2的表面不暴露到外部。
图2是示出本发明第二实施例半导体器件结构的示意性截面图.在图2中示出的实施例中,引线2的引线尖端部分4具有被镀层3覆盖的部分,且引线尖端端面5不被镀层3覆盖。引线尖端端面5的截面积小于引线2的截面积的一半。因此,在将半导体器件安装到电路板等上时,容易使焊接材料润湿镀层,从而允许焊料上涨到引线尖端部分4以形成坚固的安装状态。
图3示出了根据本发明引线框架的第一实施例,即示出了其中将多个半导体器件设置到单个引线框架20上的集合组件(aggregate)。每个半导体器件的引线8都通过电镀条7连接到另一个引线8,且电镀条7连接到引线8的侧表面和框架6。电镀条7是当在引线框架20上进行电解电镀时的电流路径。通过其中将电镀条7连接到引线8的侧表面上的结构,如图1中所示地制造这样的半导体器件:它的引线尖端部分4全部地被镀层3覆盖。
图4示出了根据本发明引线框架的第二实施例,即示出了其中将多个半导体器件设置在单个引线框架20上的集合组件.该实施例中,每个半导体器件的引线8都延伸以形成电镀条9并且连接到框架6。电镀条9是在引线框架6上进行电解电镀时的电流路径。电镀条9连接到引线8上的部分将成为稍后切割引线8之后的切割表面,且不将镀层施加到该部分。因此,希望电镀条9的截面积小于引线8的截面积的一半,且甚至尽可能地更精细和更薄。
图5是根据本发明第二实施例的半导体器件的侧视图,且示出了其中通过引线框架相互连接两个相邻的半导体器件21和31的制造工艺步骤的中间状态。如图5中所示,在该实施例中,在引线框架2中形成引线框架较薄部分11。切割这两个半导体器件之间的引线框架较薄部分11以将其相互分离,能获得具有图2所示实施例的结构的半导体器件。
图8是根据本发明第三实施例半导体器件的侧视图并示出了其中通过引线框架相互连接两个相邻半导体器件的制造工艺步骤的中间状态。如图8中所示,该实施例中,在引线框架2中形成引线框架较薄部分11。引线框架较薄部分11位于将半导体器件安装到电路板上的下表面侧上。切割这两个半导体器件之间的引线框架较薄部分11以将其相互分离,能获得具有图9所示第三实施例的结构的半导体器件。通过这种结构,引线的上表面很容易被印刷在电路板上的焊料润湿。
在引线框架较薄部分11的形成方法中,首先通过使用冲压模将引线框架切割成所需的形状且然后继续进行局部处理。作为局部处理,有通过使用化学试剂的蚀刻形成较薄部分的方法,通过压力加工进行局部压碎处理的方法,以及其他方法。
最后,示意性描述制造工艺步骤。将半导体集成电路(IC芯片)焊接到引线框架以通过引线在半导体集成电路和每条引线之间制作连接.接下来,通过树脂覆盖半导体集成电路。一旦完成该工艺步骤,就获得图3和4中所示的实施例。此时,实施电镀和由电镀膜覆盖除了树脂以外的部分。而且,通过使用冲模等切割引线框架以将多个半导体器件相互分离。
根据本发明的半导体器件可广泛地用于希望其小且轻的产品,如移动电话、膝上型个人计算机和移动电子设备。

Claims (6)

1.一种半导体器件,其包括:
覆盖有树脂模型的元件;和
金属引线,具有从所述树脂模型突出的突出部分和在所述突出部分的尖端处具有引线尖端端面的引线尖端部分,
其中,除了所述引线尖端端面之外,所述突出部分和所述引线尖端部分都被焊料镀层覆盖,和
其中,所述引线尖端端面具有小于所述金属引线的截面积的一半的面积。
2.一种在如权利要求1所述的半导体器件的制造中使用的引线框架,包括:
框架;
引线;和
电镀条,
其中该引线通过设置在从所述树脂模型突出的引线的侧表面上的电镀条连接到所述框架。
3.一种在如权利要求1所述的半导体器件的制造中使用的引线框架,包括:
框架;
引线;和
电镀条,
其中该引线具有在从所述树脂模型突出的引线的端部处的引线尖端端面,该引线尖端端面通过所述电镀条连接到该框架,该电镀条具有小于所述引线的截面积的一半的截面积。
4.一种在如权利要求1所述的半导体器件的制造中使用的引线框架,包括:
框架;
引线;和
电镀条,
其中该引线在从所述树脂模型突出的引线的端部处具有引线尖端端面,该引线尖端端面通过所述电镀条连接到该框架,该电镀条具有这样的厚度,使得该电镀条在被切割之后具有小于该引线的截面积的一半的截面积。
5.一种在如权利要求1所述的半导体器件的制造中使用的引线框架的制造方法,包括:
形成上面安装有半导体芯片的部分、用于与电路板连接的引线、和通过压力加工进行焊料镀层的电镀条;和
通过使用化学试剂进行蚀刻处理,用于减薄所述电镀条的一部分。
6.一种在如权利要求1所述的半导体器件的制造中使用的引线框架的制造方法,包括:
形成上面安装有半导体芯片的部分、与电路板连接的引线、和通过第一压力加工进行焊料镀层的电镀条;和
进行第二压力加工以用于减薄所述电镀条的一部分。
CN2008101285366A 2007-06-27 2008-06-27 半导体器件、引线框架以及引线框架的制造方法 Active CN101335251B (zh)

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