CN101317556B - Artificial nursery stock growing method for wild Spanish mackerel - Google Patents
Artificial nursery stock growing method for wild Spanish mackerel Download PDFInfo
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- CN101317556B CN101317556B CN2008100622108A CN200810062210A CN101317556B CN 101317556 B CN101317556 B CN 101317556B CN 2008100622108 A CN2008100622108 A CN 2008100622108A CN 200810062210 A CN200810062210 A CN 200810062210A CN 101317556 B CN101317556 B CN 101317556B
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- spanish mackerel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial breeding method for wild Spanish mackerel. A rearing pond is internally provided with other fries with the density of not less than 10,000/m<3> during the period from hatching to opening the mouth; the Spanish mackerel fries in a hatching pond are fished out and poured into the rearing pond during the period from 24 hours before the hatching of the prelarva to12 hours after the hatching of the prelarva; the pouring quantity of the Spanish mackerel fries is 500-10,000/m<3>; the water temperature of the rearing pond is controlled within 18-25 DEG C and the salinity thereof is controlled within 1.7-2.5%; the cultivation management is carried out according to the cultivation condition of other fries; when other fries are reduced to less than 10,000/m<3>, the other fries are poured in time so as to lead the density of other fries to be controlled more than 10,000/m<3>; after the cultivation for 20-30 days, the Spanish mackerel fries with the length being more than 3cm which are artificially raised can be obtained. Therefore, the Spanish mackerels eat other fries, the carnage between the Spanish mackerel fries is reduced, the cultivation rate is improved and can achieve 10-30%, and the conditions are created for the artificial cultivation in large scale.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the seedling growing process of marine fishes, be specifically related to the artificial raise seedling method of wild Spanish mackerel.
Background technology
East Sea Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus niphonius) belongs to the perch order, and blue and white Gyrinocheilidae is a kind of important economic fish.Spanish mackerel is because delicious flavour is very popular, but because its price is higher, makes many prestiges and step back, and is difficult to enjoy its delicious food.Mainly be the artificial insemination of Spanish mackerel, it is bigger with the difficulty of cultural technique to grow seedlings, and can not carry out manually putting in a suitable place to breed of scale.The applicant number is 200710069141.9 in Chinese patent application, name is called in artificial breeding method's the application for a patent for invention of wild Spanish mackerel, disclose the wild Spanish mackerel that has obtained important breakthrough and carried out the artificial fertilization technology, through artificial insemination, in water temperature is 18～22 ℃, salinity is in the hatchery of 17.5～21 ‰ clean sea water, and incubating oosperm is obtained the prelarva of membrane after 40～55 hours, puts in a suitable place to breed for the artificial scale of Spanish mackerel and has walked out the first step.But in actual seedling raising process, the prelarva that hatching is come out is cultivated becomes the fry that can put in a suitable place to breed, raising rate is extremely low, become the another bottle strength of the artificial breeding scale Spanish mackerel of restriction, therefore the applicant to transfer knowing of technical staff intelligent, set up in a wide range thinking, try to explore, capture seedling growing process and close, put in a suitable place to breed for the artificial scale of Spanish mackerel and captured another difficulty.
The artificial breeding technique comparative maturity of present many marine fishes has had ripe artificial breeding technique as black porgy, spotted maigre and yellow croaker, has carried out the artificial breeding of scale etc.Breeding condition in the seedling raising process mainly comprises the water temperature and the salinity control of seedling water, and dissolved oxygen control is selected suitable bait and the control of feeding to fry, the density control of fry, the bacteria-treating of fry etc.As China Patent No. is 01101419.9 patent of invention that is called black sea bream fry and fish fry breeding method, discloses hatching and the seedling raising process of black porgy; Its seedling water dissolved oxygen is controlled by every day or is changed water 50% every other day and carry out with the mode of inflation oxygen supply, and the bait of giving the fry feeding is from wheel animalcule, copepoda, fairy shrimp and trash fish etc., about 10,000 tails of the density of fry/m
3, grow to soil pick-up at the bottom of the nursery pond and with methods such as lime, bleaching powder control germ every day.
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention provides the artificial raise seedling method of the higher wild Spanish mackerel of a kind of raising rate.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: the artificial raise seedling method of wild Spanish mackerel comprises the steps:
A, give birth to firm membrane it to the opening plant fry in nursery pond, in the water body of described nursery pond, the described density that it plants fry is no less than 10000 tails/m
3
B, preceding 24 hours of prelarva membrane Spanish mackerel fry in 12 hours to the prelarva membrane that will be in the hatchery are pulled out and cast aside in the above-mentioned nursery pond, and it is 500～10000 tails/m that amount is gone in the left-falling stroke of described Spanish mackerel fry
3
C, in the water body of described nursery pond, water temperature is controlled at 18～25 ℃, salinity is controlled at 17～25 ‰;
D, carry out cultivating and managing by the described breeding condition that it plants fry;
E, described it plant fry and be reduced to less than 10000 tails/m
3The time, in time throw something and feed described it plant fry, make the described density that it plants fry be controlled at 10000 tails/m every day
3More than;
F, cultivation 20～30 days, the Spanish mackerel fry more than 3 centimetres that obtains manually putting in a suitable place to breed.
Described it to plant fry be the black porgy seedling.
Described it to plant fry be the spotted maigre seedling.
Described it to plant fry be the yellow croaker seedling.
It plants fry also can be the fry of other seawater fishs.
Breeding condition in the cultivating and managing comprises water temperature control, salinity control, dissolved oxygen control, bait control and water quality control etc.Dissolved oxygen is controlled to be inflation, and every day, rate of water exchange 1/3～2/3, along with fry grows up gradually, also will increase for the seedling water aeration quantity gradually.Bait is controlled to be the bait and the amount of throwing something and feeding, and not bait throwing under the situation that the enough Spanish mackerel fries of other fries ingest treats in the nursery pond that it plants fry and be reduced to less than 10000 tails/m
3The time to throw something and feed in time that it plants fry, can divide every day and throw something and feed for 1～3 time, the density that it plants fry is controlled at 10000 tails/m every day
3More than, feeding volume is full with their foods to be purpose; Water quality control divides two aspects, and the one, the institute's water of growing seedlings is the sand filtration seawater; The 2nd, in time draw dirt at the bottom of the nursery pond, change water every day 1～2 time, each more than 50%.
In the artificial breeding process of wild Spanish mackerel, we find that Spanish mackerel fry quantity is in continuous minimizing, originally think it is due to the reasons such as disease, after through examining research, find that the Spanish mackerel fry is killing and devouring certainly mutually, it is a flesh-eater, therefore throw something and feed with trash fish etc., but effect neither be very desirable, and the Spanish mackerel fry quantity of Huo Deing is few to the end, and raising rate is less than 3/10000ths, after use other fingerling instead fry throw something and feed every day in the nursery pond, but the Spanish mackerel fry amount of killing and devouring each other is still bigger, and the Spanish mackerel fry quantity of Huo Deing is also less to the end, and raising rate is less than 10%.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: through the applicant exploratory experiment many times, obtained seedling-cultivating method of the present invention: give birth to firm membrane it to the opening and plant fry in nursery pond, it plants the density of fry for being no less than 10000 tails/m
3, preceding 24 hours of prelarva membrane that will be in the hatchery is the Spanish mackerel fry in 12 hours to the prelarva membrane, pulls out and casts aside in this nursery pond, and it is 500～10000 tails/m that amount is gone in the left-falling stroke of Spanish mackerel fry
3, in the water body of nursery pond, water temperature is controlled at 18～25 ℃, and salinity is controlled at 17～25 ‰, and the breeding condition of planting fry by it carries out cultivating and managing, plants fry at it and is reduced to less than 10000 tails/m
3The time, throw something and feed in time that it plants fry, the density that makes it plant fry is controlled at 10000 tails/m every day
3More than, cultivate the Spanish mackerel fry more than 3 centimetres that obtained manually putting in a suitable place to breed in 20～30 days.Amass wealth by heavy taxation to educate with the Spanish mackerel fry of lesser amt like this and plant in the nursery pond of fry in it of giving birth to a greater number, making the Spanish mackerel fry plant fry with it is food, and constantly replenish it and plant fry, guarantee that the Spanish mackerel fry fully preys on, reduce between the Spanish mackerel fry and cut one another's throat, improve raising rate, can reach 10～30%, for the artificial scale of Spanish mackerel is put the condition created in a suitable place to breed.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The artificial raise seedling method of wild Spanish mackerel, go back in two days in the nursery pond of black sea bream fry of opening giving birth to firm membrane, Spanish mackerel fry in the prelarva membrane that will be in the hatchery 2 hours is pulled out and casts aside in the nursery pond, and wherein the density of black sea bream fry is 100,000 tails/m in nursery pond
3About, it is 600 tails/m that amount is gone in the left-falling stroke of Spanish mackerel fry
3, the water temperature of the water body of nursery pond is controlled at 18～25 ℃, salinity is controlled at 17～25 ‰, and seedling management carries out cultivating and managing by the breeding condition of black sea bream fry: as inflation in 24 hours, do not change water during the wheel animalcule of throwing something and feeding, only additional single-cell algae; Change water 1～2 every day after throwing the halogen worm, and every day, rate of water exchange 1/3～2/3; Along with fry grows up gradually, also to increase for the seedling water aeration quantity gradually, bait is controlled to be the bait and the amount of throwing something and feeding, as wheel animalcule, copepoda animal, fairy shrimp and trash fish etc., throw something and feed for 1～2 time every day, feeding volume is full with their foods to be purpose, and bacteria-treating be often to the seedling water disinfection.Be reduced to less than 10,000 tails/m with the black sea bream fry amount in seedling raising process
3, in time replenish and throw something and feed black sea bream fry to nursery pond, keep the density of black sea bream fry in the nursery pond to be controlled at 10,000 tails/m every day
3More than, black sea bream fry can divide every day throws something and feeds for 1～3 time, at any time observe, so most Spanish mackerel fries just are food with the black sea bream fry, and it descends from the probability that kills and devour mutually, the raising rate of Spanish mackerel fry is improved, Deng cultivating 20～30 days, Spanish mackerel fry total length reaches more than 3 centimetres, just can pull out and manually put in a suitable place to breed, the stocking rate of last Spanish mackerel fry is gone into amount relatively with left-falling stroke originally, and tail/m more than 150 is arranged
3Cultivate successfully, raising rate is about 26%.
Embodiment 2
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, different just replace the food of black sea bream fry as the Spanish mackerel fry with the spotted maigre seedling, it is 3000 tails/m that amount is gone in the left-falling stroke of Spanish mackerel fry
3, the cultivating and managing of nursery pond mainly carries out with the breeding condition of cultivating the spotted maigre seedling, and tail/m more than 540 is arranged at last
3Spanish mackerel fry rearing success, raising rate is about 18%.
Embodiment 3
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, different just replace the food of black sea bream fry as the Spanish mackerel fry with the yellow croaker seedling, it is 8000 tails/m that amount is gone in the left-falling stroke of Spanish mackerel fry
3, the cultivating and managing of nursery pond mainly carries out with the breeding condition of cultivating the yellow croaker seedling, and tail/m more than 1000 is arranged at last
3Spanish mackerel fry rearing success, raising rate is about 13%.
In the foregoing description the left-falling stroke angle of incidence of Spanish mackerel fry also can be preceding about about about 20 hours, 15 hours, about 10 hours, 5 hours of prelarva membrane with behind the prelarva membrane about about 4 hours, 6 hours, about about 8 hours, 10 hours etc.Cast aside amount and can be 1000 tails/m
3About, 2000 tails/m
3About, tail/m more than 4000
3About, 5000 tails/m
3About, 6000 tails/m
3About, tail/m more than 9000
3About etc.It plants the fry primary quantity can be 20,000 tails/m
3, 30,000 tails/m
3About, 50,000 tails/m
3About, 80,000 tails/m
3About, 120,000 tails/m
3About etc., primary quantity replenishes the time throw something and feed less will be timely, and crux is to keep that the density of black sea bream fry is controlled at 10,000 tails/m in the nursery pond
3More than, it plants fry also can replace black sea bream fry, spotted maigre seedling, the yellow croaker seedling bait as the Spanish mackerel fry with other fry of having cultivated the marine fishes of technology maturation, can certainly be that two kinds and above different fries are supported in same nursery pond the bait as the Spanish mackerel fry altogether.
Claims (1)
1. the artificial raise seedling method of wild Spanish mackerel is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, give birth to firm membrane it to the opening plant fry in nursery pond, in the water body of described nursery pond, the described density that it plants fry is no less than 10000 tails/m
3, described it to plant fry be black porgy seedling, spotted maigre seedling or yellow croaker seedling;
B, preceding 24 hours of prelarva membrane Spanish mackerel fry in 12 hours to the prelarva membrane that will be in the hatchery are pulled out and cast aside in the above-mentioned nursery pond, and it is 500～10000 tails/m that amount is gone in the left-falling stroke of described Spanish mackerel fry
3
C, in the water body of described nursery pond, water temperature is controlled at 18～25 ℃, salinity is controlled at 17～25 ‰;
D, carry out cultivating and managing by the described breeding condition that it plants fry;
E, described it plant fry and be reduced to less than 10000 tails/m
3The time, in time throw something and feed described it plant fry, make the described density that it plants fry be controlled at 10000 tails/m every day
3More than;
F, cultivation 20～30 days, the Spanish mackerel fry more than 3 centimetres that obtains manually putting in a suitable place to breed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008100622108A CN101317556B (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2008-06-06 | Artificial nursery stock growing method for wild Spanish mackerel |
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| CN2008100622108A CN101317556B (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2008-06-06 | Artificial nursery stock growing method for wild Spanish mackerel |
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| CN101317556B true CN101317556B (en) | 2011-04-13 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102077802B (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-09-05 | 烟台大学 | Parent fish breeding and hatching method for greenlings |
| CN102273419B (en) * | 2011-07-11 | 2013-01-09 | 宁波市海洋与渔业研究院 | Method for cultivating Spanish mackerel |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1471813A (en) * | 2002-08-02 | 2004-02-04 | 军 牟 | Spanish mackerel catching and culturing method |
| CN101066047A (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2007-11-07 | 宁波市海洋与渔业研究院 | Artificial breeding process of wild Spanish mackerel |
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- 2008-06-06 CN CN2008100622108A patent/CN101317556B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1471813A (en) * | 2002-08-02 | 2004-02-04 | 军 牟 | Spanish mackerel catching and culturing method |
| CN101066047A (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2007-11-07 | 宁波市海洋与渔业研究院 | Artificial breeding process of wild Spanish mackerel |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开2003-61501A 2003.03.04 |
| 邱盛尧等.黄渤海蓝点马鲛当年幼鱼的生长特性.《水产学报》.1993,第17卷(第1期),14-23. * |
| 邱盛尧等.黄渤海蓝点马鲛繁殖生物学的研究.《海洋与湖沼》.1996,第27卷(第5期),463-470. * |
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