CN101300937A - Pruning and cultivating method of Holium llicis latifoliae cion for grafting - Google Patents
Pruning and cultivating method of Holium llicis latifoliae cion for grafting Download PDFInfo
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- CN101300937A CN101300937A CNA2007100684627A CN200710068462A CN101300937A CN 101300937 A CN101300937 A CN 101300937A CN A2007100684627 A CNA2007100684627 A CN A2007100684627A CN 200710068462 A CN200710068462 A CN 200710068462A CN 101300937 A CN101300937 A CN 101300937A
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Abstract
The invention provides a pruning and breeding method for grafting scion of broadleaf holly leaf tree, which is characterized by pruning branches of the adult seed tree from the juncture of the annual branch and the two-year old branch, taking the new braches germinating from the cut as scions after breeding and using the scions for breeding the grafted seedlings and establishing the seed orchard. The scions using the new germinating branches which are pruned and bred according to the inventive method don't bloom in the grafting year, and thereby not only the grafting survival rate is improved but also the broadleaf holly leaf tree seed orchard gets yields earlier. The economic efficiency is obvious.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to woody plant grafting scion cultivated method, especially a kind of increase kudingcha graft survival rate and amount of growth, the method for breeding is pruned in the grafting scion of seed orchard results operation ahead of time.
Background technology
Pruning technique is widely used in fruit tree and economic forest, also is applied to gradually in timber forest and other seeds of forest to go.
At present, woody plant is pruned purpose and mainly contains: 1 improves fruits and seeds output, the trees seed orchard and the seed production stand of if tree and seed collecting usefulness; 2 improve plant height and growing stock, as the pruning to timber forest and arbor species; 3 provide cuttage fringe bar, prune as tea tree and plane tree.
The basic skills of pruning has three kinds substantially: short (cutting) cuts, thin (deleting) cuts and contract (returning) cuts.Short (cutting) cuts, be meant to gave birth in 1 year part cut off.1/3～1/4 of its short-and-medium beta pruning bar is named slight short cutting; 1/2 of short beta pruning bar makes the moderate weak point cut; 3/4 of short beta pruning bar makes the severe weak point cut.Dredging (deleting) and cut, is the branch to close life one place, and wherein one or some branches are dredged the practice of going from base portion.Contract (returning) cut, be, tip drooping branch weak to growing, innovation shoot is often taken place at the back of bending, wipe out the practice of the sagging old and feeble branch of its tip from the place that renewal is arranged.
In the Folium llicis Latifoliae breeding is built, in order to set up seed orchard or seed production stand, must from the between twenty and fifty select tree that enters the phase of yielding positive results, take 1 year healthy and strong branch of life, to guarantee the elite stand merit and to make the seed orchard result that can go into operation ahead of time as scion.But.The Folium llicis Latifoliae elite stand that grows up all blooms every year, and the florescence in early spring winter Mo, just in time meet season with the main grafting of Folium llicis Latifoliae.Grafting at this moment, along with the scion bud is open, the consumption of nutrition can cause grafting plant death after the grafting, and survival rate is extremely low.
Summary of the invention
The technical assignment of technical problem to be solved by this invention and proposition is, in the kudingcha grafting and breeding, scion badly influences the problem of survival rate thereupon blooming after grafting, and method is bred in the pruning that proposes a kind of kudingcha grafting scion.For this reason, this invention is by the following technical solutions:
Method is bred in the pruning of kudingcha grafting scion, it is characterized in that 1～2 year living branch of between twenty and fifty elite stand to entering the phase of yielding positive results, and prunes and cultivates, get then its near sprout the clip shoot bar as scion, for the need of propagation by grafiting.
Method is bred in the pruning of kudingcha grafting scion, it is characterized in that 2～March before resin flows, and to this person between twenty and fifty elite stand branch, from life in 1 year and 2 years living 1～2cm more than the intersection, cuts off 1 year first portion of top, keeps 2 years living positions of below.
Method is bred in the pruning of described kudingcha grafting scion, it is characterized in that will strengthening cultivating and managing to the elite stand after pruning, and can sprout healthy and strong new branch then near making clip.
Method is bred in the pruning of described kudingcha grafting scion, it is characterized in that before and after February next year, and the new branch of clip from this elite stand carries out grafting as scion, to cultivate fine seed strains grafting nursery stock or set up the grafting seed orchard.
Said method promptly to entering 1～2 year living branch of between twenty and fifty elite stand of yielding positive results, is pruned, and promotes rudiment, and breeds and be grafting scion fringe bar; Grafting 2～March of the previous year, 1～2cm advances to cut from the life in 1 year of this elite stand and more than giving birth to the branch intersection in 2 years, cuts off 1 year living branch, keeps 2 years living positions; To strengthen cultivating and managing after the pruning, suitably fertilising; After the pruning, can sprout shoot below the clip, during to 8～September, dredge branch, promptly cut off thin and delicate branch, stay below the clip at each and support 2～3 healthy and strong shoots; Before and after February next year, the new branch of clip from this elite stand is for the usefulness of grafting scion; When grafting, each scion is got and is about 6～8cm, keeps 1～2 of leaf bud; During grafting, be stock, can adopt on the spot grafting, also available anvil grafting with the seedling of Folium llicis Latifoliae life in 2～3 years; On the spot use rendezvous method during grafting; When playing the anvil grafting with cutting the multiple connection method.To after adopting the fringe elite stand and pruning cultivation, get its clip coppice shoot shoot again, as the grafting scion, can avoid this drawback, significantly improve survival rate, promote plant strain growth, make seed orchard do sth. in advance the result and go into operation.Thereby successfully solved a key technology in the Folium llicis Latifoliae grafting and breeding.
The method of breeding is pruned in the inventive method---Folium llicis Latifoliae grafting scion to be had significantly different with the woody plant grafting method of routine:
1. pruning the different the inventive method pruning of purpose purpose is to provide the high-quality scion for grafting and breeding; Conventional trimming method mainly is in order to improve fruits and seeds output, increase the increase in standing timber and growing stock and cuttage fringe bar to be provided.
2. the different the inventive method of trimming method are 1 year living branches to elite stand, implement overweight degree weak point and cut, and 1 year living position after the pruning only keeps 1～2cm, and the part that cuts off is pruned intensity and wanted big more than general the pruning greater than 9/10 of this branch length; And conventional trimming method, to 1 year vimineous weak point cut slightly, three kinds of moderate and severes, wherein the severe weak point of intensity maximum is cut, the part that cuts off is 3/4 of a branch length.
Method is bred in kudingcha grafting scion pruning following advantage:
1. improve graft survival rate 50～75%;
2. the comparison of grafting plant current increment is according to increasing by 45～84%;
3. grafting can not bloomed then, can save defloration and pluck the fruit operation, helps the formation of plant strain growth and tree crown skeleton:
4. can normally yield positive results in 1 year after the grafting, comparison is according to 3 years in advance.
For production high-quality fruit and seed,, must take from the between twenty and fifty elite stand that enters the phase of yielding positive results for the scion that the trees grafting and breeding is used.But be the Winter-Spring the main season of Folium llicis Latifoliae grafting, breeds in the formation on the occasion of its bud.After the grafting, scion is bloomed thereupon, has consumed a large amount of nutrients, causes plant death, and survival rate is low.And enforcement the inventive method in grafting the previous year, prunes and cultivates elite stand, and the shoot bar of getting its sprouting then is as scion.Because no matter this shoot still grows from growing, all younger more healthy and stronger than original branch.Therefore can not the yielding positive results then of grafting, survival rate is improved greatly, amount of growth obviously increases.And beginning in 1 year is normally yielded positive results after guaranteeing grafting.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: the between twenty and fifty elite stand of the Folium llicis Latifoliae before pruning gave birth to branch in 1～2 year.
Fig. 2: the Folium llicis Latifoliae elite stand branch situation after the pruning.
Fig. 3: Folium llicis Latifoliae elite stand branch is pruned back shoot sprouting state.
Among the figure: 1. annual branch, 2. branch enters to cut the place, 3. to biennial branch intersection, 4. blade, 5. biennial branch, 6. annual branch bud bud, 7. annual branch is pruned mouthful, 8. prunes the shoot that sprout the back, 9. shoot leaf bud.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
The pruning of Folium llicis Latifoliae female plant elite stand grafting scion is cultivated
1. elite stand is selected living female plant select tree 1 strain in 20 years, has entered the Sheng phase of yielding positive results.
2. pruned February 10 tree crown middle and upper part branch is pruned, clip is the living branch above 1.5cm place that has a common boundary life in 1 year and 2 years, 1 year first portion above wiping out.
3. cultivating and managing applies 100 kilograms of barnyard manure, 3 kilograms of composite fertilizers when pruning.Dredge branch August, each clip below keeps 2～3 in healthy and strong new sprouting branch, and unnecessary is removed.
4. graft in mid-March next year, on growing directly from seeds stock 3 ages of seed orchard field planting, carry out on the spot grafting.Several 200 strains of grafting strain.1 year living shoot of clip from the elite stand, each scion length 6～8cm stays 1～2 of leaf bud.Adopt rendezvous method.Scion and stock interface wrap up with plastic film, add bonding electric insulating tape, prick with knotless method and tie up.
5. situation such as survival rate was checked October, grafting survival 191 strains, and survival rate 95.5%, comparison is according to increasing by 75.5%, and high growth increases by 84%.Grafting is not bloomed then, 1 year beginning few results.
Embodiment two
The male tree of Folium llicis Latifoliae maternal plant grafting scion is pruned and is cultivated
1. elite stand is selected 15 years male select trees of life, enters flowering stage.
2. prune with embodiment one.
3. cultivating and managing is with embodiment one.
4. graft in mid-February next year, excavate 2 years raw broadleaf holly leaf seed seedlings, play the anvil grafting.Several 500 strains of grafting strain.Grafting fringe bar is given birth to branch from new 1 year of sprouting of elite stand, and scion clip method is with embodiment one.The multiple connection method is cut in employing.Interface carries out sealing wax (paraffin liquid) together with scion and handles after enclosing with electric insulating tape wrapping two.
5. heel in transplantation and graft good after, grafting plant is heeled in the ground temporarily, above covered with plastic film and straw, warmth-retaining water-proof bleeds, and promotes interface tentatively to heal.Be transplanted in the nursery lot to March 10.
6. situation grafting survival 465 strains such as survival rate, survival rate 93%, comparison is according to exceeding 59%, and the height amount of growth improves 54%.Grafting is not bloomed then, normally blooms in 1 year, as the pollinizers of female plant.
Claims (4)
1, method is bred in the pruning of kudingcha grafting scion, it is characterized in that 1～2 year living branch of between twenty and fifty elite stand to entering the phase of yielding positive results, and prunes and cultivates, get then its near sprout the clip shoot bar as scion, for the need of propagation by grafiting.
2, method is bred in the pruning of kudingcha grafting scion according to claim 1, it is characterized in that 2～March before resin flows, to this person between twenty and fifty elite stand branch, from life in 1 year and 2 years living 1～2cm more than the intersection, cut off 1 year first portion of top, keep 2 years living positions of below.
3, method is bred in the pruning of kudingcha grafting scion according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that will strengthening cultivating and managing to the elite stand after pruning, and can sprout healthy and strong new branch then near making clip.
4, method is bred in the pruning of kudingcha grafting scion according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that before and after February next year, and the new branch of clip from this elite stand carries out grafting as scion, to cultivate fine seed strains grafting nursery stock or set up the grafting seed orchard.
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| CNA2007100684627A CN101300937A (en) | 2007-05-09 | 2007-05-09 | Pruning and cultivating method of Holium llicis latifoliae cion for grafting |
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| CNA2007100684627A CN101300937A (en) | 2007-05-09 | 2007-05-09 | Pruning and cultivating method of Holium llicis latifoliae cion for grafting |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104429628A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-03-25 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Method for shortening flowering stage of rubber tree hybridization parents |
| CN105359844A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-03-02 | 蚌埠市水森林生态农业科技园 | Fruit tree grafting method |
| CN106386183A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-02-15 | 陕西务本堂实业有限公司 | Breeding method for improving the seed yield of Chinese horse chestnut |
| CN108966876A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-12-11 | 宁夏科育种苗有限公司 | A kind of technical method of close branch bedleaf cherry plum hardwood cutting |
| CN110393095A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-11-01 | 普洱市茶叶科学研究所 | A kind of big-leaf species in yunnan tea tree grafting with sheath technology |
| CN114009232A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-08 | 安徽农业大学 | Method for grafting tea trees and application thereof |
-
2007
- 2007-05-09 CN CNA2007100684627A patent/CN101300937A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104429628A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-03-25 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Method for shortening flowering stage of rubber tree hybridization parents |
| CN104429628B (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2017-06-16 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | The method for shortening rubber tree hybrid strain florescence |
| CN106386183A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-02-15 | 陕西务本堂实业有限公司 | Breeding method for improving the seed yield of Chinese horse chestnut |
| CN105359844A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-03-02 | 蚌埠市水森林生态农业科技园 | Fruit tree grafting method |
| CN108966876A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-12-11 | 宁夏科育种苗有限公司 | A kind of technical method of close branch bedleaf cherry plum hardwood cutting |
| CN110393095A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-11-01 | 普洱市茶叶科学研究所 | A kind of big-leaf species in yunnan tea tree grafting with sheath technology |
| CN114009232A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-08 | 安徽农业大学 | Method for grafting tea trees and application thereof |
| CN114009232B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2024-02-23 | 安徽农业大学 | Tea tree grafting method and application thereof |
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Open date: 20081112 |