CN101283657B - Euphorbiae caper and jatropha curcas interplanting method - Google Patents
Euphorbiae caper and jatropha curcas interplanting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101283657B CN101283657B CN2008100583993A CN200810058399A CN101283657B CN 101283657 B CN101283657 B CN 101283657B CN 2008100583993 A CN2008100583993 A CN 2008100583993A CN 200810058399 A CN200810058399 A CN 200810058399A CN 101283657 B CN101283657 B CN 101283657B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for interplanting of euphorbia lathyrus and cortex jatrophae and belongs to the technology field of crop planting. The method comprises the steps of seedling raising, interplanting land preparation, interplanting, managing and seed harvest. The interplanting land is a strip-shaped level land of 50 cm width and has a row spacing of 300 cm in the center. The pond for planting cortex jatrophae is of 40*40*40 cm size and has an intrarow spacing of 200 cm. Two ponds for planting Euphorbia lathyrus, with an intrarow spacing of 50 cm, are dig between rows of the cortex jatrophae. The field management of seedling supplementation, weeding and fertilizer supplementation are performed at the month 1, the month 6 and the year 2 after field planting. In the invention, two crops with high seed oil content are interplanted, so as to increase the economic benefit unit area. The yield of Euphorbia lathyrus seeds is about 287 kg per mu, and the economic return is 500-600 RMB. The method in the invention promotes the high-efficiency construction of production bases using cortex jatrophae raw material as biological energy source.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to self-employed tree cultivator's crop-planting technical field, be specifically related to the method for planting between a kind of Euphorbia lathyris and Jatropha curcas.
Background technology
Jatropha curcas (Jatropha curcas) is a kind of perennial, multipurpose seeds of drought-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, is distributed widely in the torrid zone or subtropical zone, and main product is in America and the torrid zone, Africa.China mainly is distributed in ground such as Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, and maximum with Yunnan, take second place in Sichuan.The plantation Jatropha curcas is except increasing vegetation, beyond improving the ecological environment.Its seed, myron all have at aspects such as medicine, chemical industry, protein feeds more widely to be used.Especially the crude fat mixture that squeezing obtains from seed can obtain desirable feature of environmental protection mechanical fuel through further chemical industry conversion, is called biodiesel.
Euphorbia lathyris (Euphorbia lathyris) belongs to Euphorbiaceae together with Jatropha curcas, and 2 years these plants of sward mainly are distributed in each province, district on the south China the Changjiang river.Its seed Chinese medicine title is Semen Euphorbiae, about cultivation per mu yield seed 280kg.The seed oil content is 40-50%.In recent years, along with the extensive exploitation utilization of biomass energy plant, the Euphorbia lathyris seed oil is also developed as biodiesel in some provinces, district.
At present, ground such as Yunnan Province of China, Sichuan carries out large-area artificial planting and industrialization development to Jatropha curcas.Because Jatropha curcas is tall and big filling, tall seeds, sylvan life zone between the cultivation seeding row spacing often is a growth of weeds, not only manage and protect and bring too much weeding cost for the field, the soil also is not fully utilized, productivity effect can not get efficient performance, for this reason, the inventor researchs and proposes the method for planting Euphorbia lathyris between Jatropha curcas according to the biological property of two kinds of equal plants.
The inventive method can increase the diversity of living species with planting together between two kinds of classification two plant species that subject is identical, the plant height is different, has improved land utilization rate, has increased substantially the income of unit are.Land utilization rate, the raising of the output value and the efficient construction of Jatropha curcas raw material production base in the Jatropha curcas raw material is produced have been promoted.And because leprosy seeds benevolence (oil-containing 60-80%) and Euphorbia lathyris seed oil content height all, all be the good raw material of biodiesel development and use, also help being engaged in the operation that biodiesel is developed the peasant of industrialization, agricultural organization, agricultural corporation together planting between two kinds of crops.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for the construction of production base of Jatropha curcas large tracts of land raw material provides a kind of raising land utilization rate, increase the method for the output value.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, can be average about every mu of results Euphorbia lathyris seed 287kg, every mu of newly-increased income 500-600 unit,
2, help being engaged in the operation that biodiesel is developed the peasant of industrialization, agricultural organization, agricultural corporation;
The technical scheme of the inventive method, carry out according to the following steps:
One, grows seedlings
Jatropha curcas and Euphorbia lathyris seed are grown seedlings respectively simultaneously, 2-3 month every year grows seedlings, open the dark shallow ridges of 2-5cm at railway carriage or compartment, the ground face of putting in order of growing seedlings, ditch spacing (line-spacing) 15-20cm, press spacing in the rows program request Jatropha curcas and the Euphorbia lathyris seed of 10cm and 5cm respectively, earthing is flat to the railway carriage or compartment face, waters permeablely, grows seedlings and manages and protects transplanting in 3 months.
Two, a kind ground is prepared
Be split into the wide ribbon level land of 50cm along plantation plot contour, 300cm is as line-spacing for the band center distance, by the Jatropha curcas plantation pool that spacing in the rows 200cm digs 40 * 40 * 40cm, stays 5-15cm to loosen the soil at the bottom of the pool; Between the Jatropha curcas spacing in the rows, dig two on the Euphorbia lathyris plantation pool of 20 * 20 * 20cm, stay 3-5cm to loosen the soil at the bottom of the pool by spacing in the rows 50cm.
Three, a kind
Jatropha curcas is planted in the pool of 40 * 40 * 40cm, and Euphorbia lathyris is planted in the pool of 20 * 20 * 20cm: the size according to seedling is arranged planting depth, is lower than pool face 3-5cm with the shoot root base portion and is advisable, and long root system can excise; Seedling is stood on pool central authorities, a hand steered straight seedling, the proficiency backfill soil, the soil of backfill is wanted no-sundries in small, broken bits; Backfill soil is dark half or 2/3rds o'clock to the pool, apply base manure around distance seedling 5-15cm, and base manure is by efficient compound fertilizer: the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers are 1: 2-5 forms, and the composition of its efficient compound fertilizer and content are N 〉=15%, P
2O
5〉=15%, K
2O 〉=15%), the content of peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers is P
2O
5〉=16% (composition of employed efficient compound fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers is all identical with content in following each step); Every pool base manure sowing amount is 20-50g; Continue backfill soil at ordinary times,, with the hands seedling is upwards lifted 2-5cm gently while stepping on foot-operated real to the pool.
Four, manage and protect
(1) field planting is filled the gaps with seedlings after one month and weeding: the weeds at the cleaning side of a pond, the little weeds in the side of a pond or other place are covered around the Jatropha curcas and Euphorbia lathyris seedling of field planting, and cover to not seeing Table soil and be advisable, to keep soil moisture and to prevent weeds propagation and widespread.
(2) field planting is topdressed after six months and weeding.Described topdressing is to open the dark ditch of 5-15cm around distance leprosy sapling 10-20cm, applies and topdresses, and topdress by efficient compound fertilizer: the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers are 1: 2-5 forms, and every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 20-50g; Open the dark ditch of 5-10cm around distance Euphorbia lathyris seedling 5-10cm, apply and topdress, topdress by efficient compound fertilizer: the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers are 1: 2-5 forms, and every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 5-10g; Described weeding is to carry out weeding around the seedling, will remove weeds down cover equally seedling around, with maintenance soil moisture with prevent weeds propagation and widespread.
(3) second years respectively 3, topdress June and weeding, described topdressing is to open the dark ditch of 5-15cm around distance leprosy sapling 20-65cm, apply and topdress, topdress by efficient compound fertilizer: the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers are 1: 2-5 forms, and every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 30-100g; Open the dark ditch of 5-10cm around distance Euphorbia lathyris seedling 10-20cm, apply and topdress, topdress by efficient compound fertilizer: the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers are 1: 2-5 forms, and every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 5-10g; Described weeding is to carry out weeding around the seedling, will remove weeds down cover equally seedling around, with maintenance soil moisture with prevent weeds propagation and widespread.
(4) in time carry out damage by disease and insect monitoring and control, find that damage by disease and insect notifies at once or handles; Report will be set forth the damage by disease and insect occurrence characteristic and the extent of injury, gathers representative sample, send the relevant expert to identify and proposes the method for preventing and treating, and prevents and treats according to the scheme of preventing and treating that the expert proposes.
Five, seed collection
Jatropha curcas began to bear fruit at 1 year that plants, and Euphorbia lathyris was all yielded positive results continual the second half year and 1 year in 1 year, during, to gather in good time, the fruit under adopting is dried, peel off shell, selected back is left the indoor of ventilation, drying in the gunnysack packing.
After the Euphorbia lathyris harvesting, planting the Euphorbia lathyris plant between again between the Jatropha curcas spacing in the rows in order to last method.
Embodiment
Below further specify the present invention by specific embodiment, but embodiment only be used for the explanation, can not limit the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
Carry out according to the following steps
1, grow seedlings: open the dark shallow ridges of 5cm at the ground railway carriage or compartment face of putting in order of growing seedlings March, ditch spacing (line-spacing) 20cm press spacing in the rows program request Jatropha curcas and the Euphorbia lathyris seed of 10cm and 5cm respectively, and earthing to railway carriage or compartment face is put down, and waters permeablely, grows seedlings and manages and protects transplanting in 3 months.
2, a kind ground is prepared: be split into the wide ribbon level land of 50cm along plantation plot contour, band center distance (line-spacing) 300cm by the Jatropha curcas plantation pool that spacing in the rows 200cm digs 40 * 40 * 40cm, stays 10cm to loosen the soil at the bottom of the pool; Between the Jatropha curcas spacing in the rows, dig two on the Euphorbia lathyris plantation pool of 20 * 20 * 20cm, stay 5cm to loosen the soil at the bottom of the pool by spacing in the rows 50cm.
3, a kind: Jatropha curcas is planted in the pool of 40 * 40 * 40cm, and Euphorbia lathyris is planted in the pool of 20 * 20 * 20cm: the size according to seedling is arranged planting depth, is lower than pool face 5cm with the shoot root base portion and is advisable, and long root system can excise; Seedling is stood on pool central authorities, a hand steered straight seedling, the proficiency backfill soil, the soil of backfill is wanted no-sundries in small, broken bits; Backfill soil is dark half or 2/3rds o'clock to the pool, apply base manure around distance seedling 10cm, and base manure is by efficient compound fertilizer: the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers are to form at 1: 3, and the composition of its efficient compound fertilizer and content are N 〉=15%, P
2O
5〉=15%, K
2O 〉=15%), the content of peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers is P
2O
5〉=16% (composition of employed efficient compound fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers is all identical with content in following each step); Every pool base manure sowing amount is 40g; Continue backfill soil at ordinary times,, with the hands seedling is upwards lifted 5cm gently while stepping on foot-operated real to the pool.
4, manage and protect:
(1) field planting is filled the gaps with seedlings after one month and weeding: the weeds at the cleaning side of a pond, the little weeds in the side of a pond or other place are covered around the Jatropha curcas and Euphorbia lathyris seedling of field planting, and cover to not seeing Table soil and be advisable, to keep soil moisture and to prevent weeds propagation and widespread.
(2) field planting is topdressed after six months and weeding.The described step of topdressing is to open the dark ditch of 10cm around distance leprosy sapling 20cm, applies and topdresses, and topdresses and is made up of 1: 3 efficient compound fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers, and every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 40g; Open the dark ditch of 5cm around distance Euphorbia lathyris seedling 5cm, apply and topdress, topdress and be made up of 1: 3 efficient compound fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers, every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 10g; Described weeding step is to carry out weeding around the seedling, will remove weeds down cover equally seedling around, with maintenance soil moisture with prevent weeds propagation and widespread.
(3) second years respectively 3, topdress June and weeding, the described step of topdressing is to open the dark ditch of 10cm around distance leprosy sapling 45cm, apply and topdress, topdress and be made up of 1: 3 efficient compound fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers, every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 50g; Open the dark ditch of 5cm around distance Euphorbia lathyris seedling 10cm, apply and topdress, topdress and be made up of 1: 3 efficient compound fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers, every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 10g; Described weeding step is to carry out weeding around the seedling, will remove weeds down cover equally seedling around, with maintenance soil moisture with prevent weeds propagation and widespread.Use the same method and planting the Euphorbia lathyris plant between again between the Jatropha curcas spacing in the rows.
(4) in time carry out damage by disease and insect monitoring and control, find that damage by disease and insect will notify at once, report will be set forth the damage by disease and insect occurrence characteristic and the extent of injury, gathers representative sample, send the relevant expert to identify and propose the method for preventing and treating, prevent and treat according to the scheme of preventing and treating that the expert proposes.
5, seed collection: Jatropha curcas began to bear fruit at 1 year that plants, and Euphorbia lathyris was all yielded positive results continual the second half year and 1 year in 1 year.During this time, gather in good time, the fruit under adopting is dried, peel off shell, selected back is left the indoor of ventilation, drying in the gunnysack packing.
6, effect: see Table 1.
Embodiment 2 and embodiment 3: except that efficient compound fertilizer: the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers applied the base manure amount and topdressing amount is different, all the other methods of operating were all identical with embodiment 1, do not giving unnecessary details.Difference sees Table 1.
Table 1 embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 operation difference and effects thereof
Annotate:
[1]Efficient compound fertilizer in the base manure of Jatropha curcas and Euphorbia lathyris: the ratio of peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers is identical,
[2]Jatropha curcas and the middle efficient compound fertilizer of topdressing of Euphorbia lathyris: the ratio of peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers is identical
Go up according to this embodiment and draw, the Euphorbia lathyris growth was gathered in 2 years, produced by surveying, and average every mu of results seed 287.3kg increases by 581 yuan of incomes.
Claims (2)
1. the method for planting between Euphorbia lathyris and Jatropha curcas, grow seedlings, kind ground preparation, a kind, manage and protect, seed collection five steps, it is characterized in that:
(1) grows seedlings
Jatropha curcas and Euphorbia lathyris seed are grown seedlings respectively simultaneously, 2-3 month every year grows seedlings, open the dark shallow ridges of 2-5cm at railway carriage or compartment, the ground face of putting in order of growing seedlings, line-spacing 15-20cm between ditch, press spacing in the rows program request Jatropha curcas and the Euphorbia lathyris seed of 10cm and 5cm respectively, earthing is flat to the railway carriage or compartment face, waters permeablely, grows seedlings and manages and protects transplanting in 3 months;
(2) planting ground between prepares
Be split into the wide ribbon level land of 50cm along plantation plot contour, 300cm is as line-spacing for the band center distance, by the Jatropha curcas plantation pool that spacing in the rows 200cm digs 40 * 40 * 40cm, stays 5-15cm to loosen the soil at the bottom of the pool; Between the Jatropha curcas spacing in the rows, dig two on the Euphorbia lathyris plantation pool of 20 * 20 * 20cm, stay 3-5cm to loosen the soil at the bottom of the pool by spacing in the rows 50cm;
(3) plant between
Jatropha curcas is planted in the pool of 40 * 40 * 40cm, and Euphorbia lathyris is planted in the pool of 20 * 20 * 20cm, arranges planting depth according to the size of seedling, is lower than pool face 3-5cm with the shoot root base portion, long root system excision; Seedling is stood on pool central authorities, a hand steered straight seedling, the proficiency backfill soil, the soil of backfill is wanted no-sundries in small, broken bits; Backfill soil is dark half or 2/3rds o'clock to the pool, apply base manure around distance seedling 5-15cm, and base manure is by efficient compound fertilizer: the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers are 1: 2-5 forms, and wherein efficient compound fertilizer composition and content are N 〉=15%, P
2O
5〉=15%, K
2O 〉=15%; The content of peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers is P
2O
5〉=16%; Every pool base manure sowing amount is 20-50g; Continue backfill soil at ordinary times,, with the hands seedling is upwards lifted 2-5cm gently while stepping on foot-operated real to the pool;
(4) manage and protect
1. field planting is filled the gaps with seedlings after one month and weeding, and the weeds at the cleaning side of a pond cover these weeds around the Jatropha curcas and Euphorbia lathyris seedling of field planting;
2. field planting is topdressed after six months and weeding, described topdressing is to open the dark ditch of 5-15cm around distance leprosy sapling 10-20cm, apply and topdress, topdress by efficient compound fertilizer: the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers are 1: 2-5 forms, and is identical in the composition of its efficient compound fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers and content and (3); Every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 20-50g; Open the dark ditch of 5-10cm around distance Euphorbia lathyris seedling 5-10cm, apply and topdress, topdress by efficient compound fertilizer: the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers are 1: 2-5 forms, and is identical in the composition of its efficient compound fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers and content and (3); Every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 5-10g; Described weeding is to carry out weeding around the seedling, will except that under weeds cover equally seedling around;
3. 1 year respectively 3, topdress June and weeding, described topdressing is to open the dark ditch of 5-15cm around distance leprosy sapling 20-65cm, apply and topdress, topdress by efficient compound fertilizer: the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers are 1: 2-5 forms, and is identical in the composition of its efficient compound fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers and content and (3); Every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 30-100g; Open the dark ditch of 5-10cm around distance Euphorbia lathyris seedling 10-20cm, apply and topdress, topdress by efficient compound fertilizer: the peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers are 1: 2-5 forms, and is identical in the composition of its efficient compound fertilizer and peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers and content and (3); Every pool sowing amount that topdresses is 5-10g; Described weeding is to carry out weeding around the seedling, will except that under weeds cover equally seedling around;
4. in time carry out damage by disease and insect monitoring and control, find that damage by disease and insect notifies at once or handles; Report will be set forth the damage by disease and insect occurrence characteristic and the extent of injury, gathers representative sample, send the relevant expert to identify, prevents and treats according to the scheme of preventing and treating that the expert proposes;
(5) seed collection
At jatropha curcas seed and each ripening period of Euphorbia lathyris seed, gather in good time, the fruit under adopting is dried, peel off shell, selected back is left the indoor of ventilation, drying in the gunnysack packing;
After the Euphorbia lathyris harvesting, planting the Euphorbia lathyris plant between again between the Jatropha curcas spacing in the rows in order to last method.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the weeds on every side that cover seedling cover to not seeing Table soil.
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| CN103999681A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-08-27 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Method for interplanting vetiver grass and barbadosnut |
| CN109287368A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-01 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Make the method for prevention and treatment powdery mildew between a kind of Jatropha curcas and koombar |
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| CN101032216A (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2007-09-12 | 云南神宇新能源有限公司 | Method of standard growing and protecting of the hygrocolous seedlings of the barbadosnut |
| CN101103692A (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2008-01-16 | 广东金浩能源有限公司 | Introduction and cultivation method of high oil content jatropha curcas |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101032216A (en) * | 2007-04-27 | 2007-09-12 | 云南神宇新能源有限公司 | Method of standard growing and protecting of the hygrocolous seedlings of the barbadosnut |
| CN101103692A (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2008-01-16 | 广东金浩能源有限公司 | Introduction and cultivation method of high oil content jatropha curcas |
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| 漆小雪,兰生葵,梁干君.麻疯树及其栽培技术.林业科技开发22 4.2008,22(4),106-108. |
| 漆小雪,兰生葵,梁干君.麻疯树及其栽培技术.林业科技开发22 4.2008,22(4),106-108. * |
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