CN101269717B - 机动车辆的燃料罐系统和将阀门元件焊接至燃料罐的方法 - Google Patents

机动车辆的燃料罐系统和将阀门元件焊接至燃料罐的方法 Download PDF

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CN101269717B
CN101269717B CN200810009447XA CN200810009447A CN101269717B CN 101269717 B CN101269717 B CN 101269717B CN 200810009447X A CN200810009447X A CN 200810009447XA CN 200810009447 A CN200810009447 A CN 200810009447A CN 101269717 B CN101269717 B CN 101269717B
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wing
wall
jar
film
polymer
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CN101269717A (zh
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J·德玛丽亚
S·兰克
J·波特
M·W·普兰西尼斯
M·A·哈里斯
M·J·贝克
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Nergy Automotive Systems Research SA
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Automotive Components Holdings LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03177—Fuel tanks made of non-metallic material, e.g. plastics, or of a combination of non-metallic and metallic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1435—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1477—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B29C65/148—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation making use of an absorber or impact modifier placed at the interface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
    • B29C65/7838—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring from the inside, e.g. of tubular or hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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Abstract

本发明公开用于机动车辆的燃料罐系统和用于将阀门元件焊接至燃料罐的方法。罐的聚合物壁具有内侧表面和位于该壁上的开口。阀门元件包括用于接合位于自动化操作的柔性臂上的夹具的本体部分，夹具使阀门元件穿过壁上的开口并且将其放置到焊接位置。阀门元件的第一翼和与第一翼间隔开的第二翼均由聚合物构成，且均紧固至本体部分并从本体部分横向延伸。第一翼包括在焊接位置上至少部分地接触内侧表面的第一表面。第二翼包括在焊接位置上至少部分地接触内侧表面的第二表面。至少第一翼和第二翼或罐的聚合物壁包括由黑色聚合物构成的薄膜，该薄膜由来自于承载在柔性臂上的能量源在罐内所发出的辐射能量加热，直到第一翼和第二翼焊接至聚合物壁。

Description

机动车辆的燃料罐系统和将阀门元件焊接至燃料罐的方法
技术领域
本发明主要涉及将元件装配到中空聚合物罐中，并且特别地，涉及将元件在罐内连接到壁面上。
背景技术
目前，例如阀门的元件被热板焊接到聚合物燃料罐的外表面上。为了实现这一目的，要在包含阻挡层的罐壁上钻孔。破坏了阻挡层，并且现有的热板焊接阀的结构增加了罐壳的渗透性。
外部热板焊接对于当前的污染排放规定来说是可以接受的；但是，随着污染排放要求变得越来越严格，将阀门放置在燃料罐的内部以防止在燃料罐壁上穿孔是有必要的。
新发展的技术集中于在模制工艺的过程中安装阀门，这些工艺是难于实施且造价昂贵的。
元件的内部热板焊接被经由开口的狭窄入口所妨碍，就像燃料输送模块(FDM)所需要的那样。在热板焊接中既需要加热罐又需要加热元件表面，这需要多种自动化操作；因此，该工艺的应用场合很有限。
在罐中进行热板焊接对于待连接到罐内部的元件的设计提出了要求，并施加了限制，这些要求和限制都是难于实现的。例如，在热板焊接中，在焊接处需要大量的物质，以致该物质与燃料罐的表面分开地发生融化。在元件和罐壁被加热至熔化状态后，在将热板从罐上移开的同时，它们必须保持热量，并保持熔化状态，将元件在力的作用下插入且连接起来，熔化的物质融合在一起形成焊缝。
发明内容
非接触式、穿透传送红外(TTIR)焊接利用了激光或红外辐射源，或者某些其它能量源，将能量传送到焊接处并形成焊缝。待焊接的两个表面被放置在一起，并且焊接能量通过待焊接的元件穿透到焊接处。能量被传送到焊缝处，在那里不透明的介质吸收红外能量，融化两个元件的表面并形成接合。
一种用于将元件紧固到罐上的方法，包括形成罐，该罐具有由多层聚合物材料构成的壁，在该壁上钻有开口，设置该开口的目的是提供进入罐内部的通道，并将不同元件，例如燃料泵、燃料指示系统安装到那里。优选地元件形成有安装表面，该表面接触罐壁的内部聚合物层。连接到自动化操作者的夹持装置用于将元件安装到罐中，以致该安装表面接触该罐的内表面。能量通过元件传送到位于罐壁所在区域上的能量吸收表面，该能量吸收表面或是元件焊接表面上的灰暗色罐内层表面或是灰暗色的层，在该罐壁区域中，元件的安装表面接触内表面。所传送的能量用于提供热量来融化聚合物，以便在该元件安装表面和罐壁之间形成焊接。
元件的伸展翼安装表面考虑到了紧凑的元件设计，这种设计使得阀门通风封挡物的高度最大化，同时在适当的位置上形成了焊缝，以致TTIR热源可被直接放置在该焊缝的下部。
该方法能够适当遮挡焊接能量源，以保护位于罐壁内部的阻挡层，并保护正被焊接到罐壁上的元件、阀门、管箍、容器等。
这种工艺形成了焊接，这种焊接是坚固的，且在动力冲击的情况下，在罐表面不会出现断裂损坏。破坏性的焊接试验表明，由于撕裂而导致的可能的损坏模式是元件的翼在焊接结合处损坏，或者原材料自身从焊缝处脱落。
被焊接的元件可由高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)制成，以确保将其焊接到罐壁的能力。对于元件，使用天然(未着色)的HDPE将使得红外辐射能通过吸收能量的燃料罐的黑色内壁，而后该能量将在焊接处加热壁及元件。元件的翼安装表面同样能够添加由黑色HDPE材料制成的膜，或者将它贴在模具上，或者插入到注塑模具中，以便为将元件焊接到天然的HDPE燃料罐内表面提供红外线吸收层。
该焊接件可适应于蒸汽控制阀门或其它的元件，其带有被连接到蒸汽阀门上的单独零件，或者作为阀门的整体设计部分。将焊接件180度间隔布置，并使它们对称分布，这使焊头具有柔性或灵活性以有助于在具有一定角度的表面上进行焊接。焊接件可以是非对称分布的，并以非180度的角度间隔布置，但是这样做会对焊接装置的大小和复杂性产生妨碍。该方法优化了这样的能力，即在保持狭窄外形的同时夹紧元件，并稍后将该元件从焊接夹持装置上拆下，这种狭窄外形对于罐内部的有限入口来说是必要的。
该方法允许将焊接件放置到罐的内表面上，穿过红外线能，并允许在焊接处理的过程中，将力施加到焊接件上，以便确保良好的分子缠结，并形成良好的焊接。该焊接件同样为阀门生产商提供了最佳的机会，以将喷嘴定位在阀门的延伸部分中，其中，内部通风管连接在该延伸部分上。焊接区域从元件的其余部分中略微升高，以确保元件的未融化部分不会在焊接操作的过程中接触到罐的内表面，从而使得在融化发生时保持熔焊层远离罐的内表面。
将焊接件以180度间隔放置，能够使得可以在由两个焊接区域形成的平面中柔性地使用焊机，从而有助于将焊接件焊接到可能不是绝对平行的罐的内表面中。将焊接件放置在侧面可以使得可视类观察系统可能用于确认阀门的放置情况。熔焊层的高度防止元件的未融化部分与罐的内表面接触，并使元件不接近罐壁的内表面。
焊接区域的尺寸及设计为内部蒸汽阀门的耐久焊接连接提供了足够的表面区域；但是在过度冲击的情况下，燃料罐壁不会被打破。
在过度冲击的情况下，翼部件的设计可使得元件能够撕开焊缝的附近部分，而不会损坏基础阀门。
熔焊层的设计使得这种能力最佳化，即在造型操作或模塑过程中，将黑色的膜添加到该熔焊层中，以便在天然HDPE制成的罐的内壁情况下，为焊接提供能量吸收物质。
通过提供轮廓分明的焊接表面，熔焊层的外形有助于利用红外线灯或激光焊接技术进行最佳焊接，在该焊接表面周围，可安装防护层来防止焊接区域外部的临界区域融化。
优选实施例的可用范围将通过随后的详细说明、权利要求和附图而变得明白。应该了解到，虽然指出了本发明的优选实施例，但是仅以描述的方式做出了说明并给出了特定示例。对于所描述的实施例和示例的多种改变和改进将对于本领域技术人员来说将变得明白。
附图说明
当结合附图加以考虑时，这些以及其它优点将通过随后对于优选实施例的详细说明而使本领域技术人员容易明白，附图为：
图1是在模子中制成的中空罐的等距视图，其中元件可通过所述方法连接到罐的内壁上；
图2是示出了聚合物材料所构成的层的端视图，其中该聚合物材料层包括图1所示的罐的壁；
图3是待焊接到罐壁上的元件的俯视图；
图4是从图3的平面4-4截取的元件的截面图；
图5是元件的等距视图，其中该元件被夹具夹持住，并位于待焊接到罐壁上的适当位置中；和
图6是聚合物膜的俯视等距视图，可在将元件焊接到罐壁上之前，将该聚合物膜紧固到翼上；和
图7是形成的中空本体的等距视图，示出了夹具将元件夹持在待焊接到壁上的适当位置的情况。
具体实施方式
图1示出了一种中空本体，其优选地为具有壁12(同样示于图2中)的中空罐，该壁12由多层塑料形成。罐10通常且优选地通过将聚合物构成的层挤压通过挤压模的孔口而形成。而后通常利用吹塑模制技术，将该挤压件封闭、密封并成形加工，以便在模具中成型。双片层热成型是另一种用于制造此类罐的技术。通过垂直于罐纵轴的平面所截取的截面可具有任何适当的形状。
图2示出了罐10的壁12包括由多种聚合物层构成的合成物，这些聚合物层包括相对较薄的由高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)构成的外层32；较厚的废料层34，称之为再研磨层，有时结合到多层壁中；较薄的胶粘层36，称之为粘合剂层；较薄的阻挡材料层38，阻挡材料例如是乙烯-乙烯醇(EVOH)共聚物；第二层胶粘层40；以及相对较厚的由HDPE构成的内层42。位于HDPE和EVOH材料之间的粘合剂层36、40促进了相邻层之间的粘合。
当在模具中加工后，罐10完全形成时，可将它用作机动车辆中的燃料罐。壁12作为多层构成的合成物而形成，以防止罐中承载的燃料所逸出的碳氢化合物通过壁12的厚度，并提供了抗挠刚度和强度。HDPE层42提供了罐10的内表面44，并与容纳在罐中的汽油或其它流体接触。罐10的壁包含至少一层阻挡层38，该阻挡层38位于多层聚合物结构的内部，并在两侧均被至少一层塑料所包围，这层塑料具有相对可忽略的阻挡特性。术语“阻挡层”意味着一层材料，其具有较低的气体及液体渗透性。它通常包含阻挡树脂。任何公知的阻挡树脂均可存在于中空本体中，前提是它对于可能与容器接触的流体，特别是碳氢化合物而言是有效的。可能用于阻挡层38的树脂的非限制性示例包括聚酰胺或共聚多酰胺以及乙烯和乙烯醇的无规共聚物。不同阻挡树脂的混合也是可能的。
术语“塑料”意味着任何包含至少一种聚合物的材料。热塑性聚合物是优选的。术语“聚合物”意味着均聚物及共聚物。这种共聚物的示例包括，但不限定于，无规共聚物，来自定序聚合作用的共聚物，嵌段共聚物以及接枝共聚物。热塑性聚合物还包括热塑性合成橡胶及其混合物。特别地，罐10可包含聚烯烃、热塑性聚酯、聚酮、聚酰胺及其共聚物。
通常存在于罐10的壁中的聚合物是聚乙烯。利用高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)的连接方法已经产生了良好的效果。通常所使用的共聚物为乙烯一乙烯醇(EVOH)共聚物。还可使用聚合物或共聚物的混合物，同样可以是带有无机、有机和/或天然填料的聚合物物质的混合物。
在形成罐10的壁12后，贯穿罐壁12钻有开口50。在该罐是燃料罐的情况下，开口50用于稍后安装燃料传送模块(FDM)，尽管还可以利用其它的直径，但是该燃料传送模块具有约130mm的直径。如图3所示，通过开口50，将可以被相关联的焊接装置所操作的元件52插入，移动到位于罐10内部的适当位置中，并通过采用TTIR处理，在那里焊接到罐的内表面44上。
图3和4示出了形成有侧焊部件，例如翼或凸缘56、57的阀门元件52，该元件由HDPE制成，以提供将这些翼焊接到罐壁12的内表面44上的能力。这些翼通过凹槽60、61与本体58分离开，以致传递到元件52的热能集中在翼56、57上，而不是集中在元件的本体上。翼56、57的外形与罐壁12的内表面44的目标区域62的外形精确一致，元件52将在该目标区域62处焊接到罐10上。
现在参照图5和6。图5示出了一种与元件夹具65整合在一起的红外线辐射或激光辐射的能量源64，该夹具65与位于罐10外侧的元件52结合，经由开口50支承该元件，并且保持该元件，使得在形成焊接时，翼56、57在区域62处与壁12的内表面44接触。来自能量源64的能量通过翼56和57送往能量吸收器，该吸收器或者是罐壁12的黑色或深色的内表面44(最佳示于图2中)，或者是分别连接到翼56、57的外表面上的薄膜68、69的黑色或灰暗色区域。来自能量源64的能量加热翼56、57的顶面以及罐壁12在区域62处的内表面44，从而在罐内在罐壁12和元件52之间形成焊接或结合。
图7示出了被夹具65接合的元件52，该夹具65支承在自动化操作的柔性臂70上，该柔性臂70通过开口50进入到中空本体中。该臂将夹具65移动到其焊接位置上，在该位置上，翼56、57在目标区域62处与壁12的内表面44接触。当夹具和元件如所示定位时，来自能量源64的能量加热翼56、57的顶面以及罐壁12位于区域62处的内表面44，从而在中空本体内部，在元件52和罐壁12之间形成焊接或接合。
翼56、57优选地由天然、即未着色的HDPE构成，这种材料使红外线或激光辐射能能够穿过翼56、57到达HDPE构成的壁12的黑色内表面44。优选地，壁12的HDPE层42是黑色的或者是灰暗色的。这样，壁层42黑色的HDPE内表面44的区域62直接与翼56、57接触，辐射能被引导到该区域上，且被吸收，并加热翼56、57在区域62处接触内表面44的表面。从位于罐10内部的能量源64辐射出来的能量被持续引导到目标区域62，直到翼56、57与罐10的内表面44之间的相互接触面的温度升高到足以将元件52焊接到罐壁12上。
作为替换，罐壁12的内部HDPE层42的颜色可以是其自然色，即未通过将碳、黑色着色剂或其它灰暗色着色剂添加到HDPE聚合物中而着色。在这种情况下，在针对元件进行的模制处理过程中，或者在将该元件模制而成后，将黑色HDPE材料制成的薄膜68、69应用到元件52的翼56、57的内表面上。无论是哪种情况，膜68、69均被紧固到翼56、57上，并在目标区域62处接触内表面44。当能量源64传送的能量被膜68和69吸收时，翼56、57与罐10的内表面44的接触面的温度升高到足以在元件52与罐10的内表面44之间形成焊接。
这种焊接件的设计可适于蒸汽控制阀，该控制阀或者具有连接到蒸汽阀门上的单独元件或者作为阀门的整体设计元件。将焊接件180度分开放置，使它们对称分布，这使焊头能够具有设计柔性或灵活性，以有助于在具有一定角度的表面上进行焊接。这种设计优化了这种能力，即在保持狭窄外形的同时夹紧元件，并稍后将该元件从焊接夹持装置上卸下，这种狭窄外形对于罐内部的有限入口来说是必需的。这种设计允许将焊接件放置到表面上，该表面能够透过红外线光，以使力能够在焊接处理的过程中施加到焊接件上，从而确保良好的分子缠结，并由此获得良好的焊接。该焊接件还为阀门生产商提供了最佳的机会，以将喷嘴定位在阀门的延伸部分上，其中内部通风管连接在该延伸部分上。焊接区域从元件的其余部分上略微升高，以确保未融化的物质不会在焊接操作的过程中接触到罐的内表面，并当融化发生时，使正被焊接的元件保持远离罐表面。
虽然这个方法是结合用于机动车辆的燃料罐10进行说明的，但该方法同样可用在任何中空本体上。术语“中空本体”意味着任何结构，其包括围绕至少一个空的或中空的凹部的壁。优选地，中空本体意味着一种封闭的结构，例如是用于容纳液体、汽体或液/汽混合物的容器或罐。中空本体可具有贯穿其壁的开口，该开口能够与外部环境连通，并且它可包括流体泵、液面检测装置阀，以及其它元件。
根据专利法的规定，已经描述了优选实施例。但是应该注意到，除了具体描述和说明的实施例以外，替换实施例也可以加以实施。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于机动车辆的燃料罐系统，包括：
燃料罐，该燃料罐形成有聚合物壁，该聚合物壁具有内侧表面和位于该壁上的开口；以及
阀门元件，该阀门元件被焊接在所述聚合物壁的内侧表面上，其中，所述阀门元件包括：
本体部分，该本体部分用于接合位于自动化操作的柔性臂上的夹具，该柔性臂使所述阀门元件穿过壁上的开口并且将该阀门元件放置到焊接位置；
第一翼，该第一翼紧固到该本体部分上，并从该本体部分上横向延伸，所述第一翼由聚合物构成，并包括在焊接位置上至少部分地接触所述内侧表面的第一表面；和
第二翼，该第二翼紧固到该本体部分上，并从该本体部分上横向延伸，与所述第一翼间隔开，所述第二翼由聚合物构成，并包括在焊接位置上至少部分地接触所述内侧表面的第二表面；
其中，至少第一翼和第二翼或所述燃料罐的聚合物壁包括由黑色聚合物构成的薄膜，该薄膜由来自于承载在所述自动化操作的柔性臂上的能量源在燃料罐内所发出的辐射能量加热，直到第一翼和第二翼焊接至聚合物壁为止。
2.如权利要求1所述的燃料罐系统，其特征在于：
所述第一表面具有第一外形，所述第一外形在焊接位置上与内侧表面的外形至少部分地相符；和
所述第二表面具有第二外形，所述第二外形在焊接位置上与内侧表面的外形至少部分地相符。
3.如权利要求1所述的燃料罐系统，其特征在于，所述由黑色聚合物构成的薄膜包括：
由黑色聚合物构成的第一薄膜，所述第一薄膜紧固在所述第一表面上；和
由黑色聚合物构成的第二薄膜，所述第二薄膜紧固在所述第二表面上。
4.如权利要求1所述的燃料罐系统，其特征在于：
所述第一翼和第二翼由高密度聚乙烯构成。
5.一种将阀门元件焊接至机动车辆的燃料罐的方法，所述方法包括如下步骤：
(a)形成所述罐，该罐具有由多层聚合物材料构成的壁，该壁具有由聚合物构成的外层，以及由聚合物构成的内层，其中在所述壁上具有开口，并且所述聚合物的内层具有颜色比所述外层的自然色颜色灰暗的内表面；
(b)形成由聚合物构成的阀门元件，所述阀门元件包括第一翼和与所述第一翼间隔开的第二翼，其中，所述第一翼具有在焊接位置处至少部分地接触所述内表面的第一表面，所述第二翼具有在焊接位置处至少部分地接触所述内表面的第二表面，其中至少第一翼和第二翼或所述罐的壁的内层包括由辐射能量加热的由黑色聚合物构成的薄膜；
(c)用自动化操作的柔性臂夹住阀门元件，并且将阀门元件插入通过所述罐的开口，以使得所述第一表面和第二表面在焊接位置处接触所述罐的相应内表面；以及
(d)使辐射能量从自动化操作的柔性臂穿过第一翼和第二翼传送到由黑色聚合物构成的薄膜上，以加热第一翼和第二翼以及内层，直到第一翼和第二翼焊接至内表面为止。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述内层的内表面为黑色。
7.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(d)中的辐射能量包括红外辐射。
8.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤(d)中的辐射能量包括激光。
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US7829819B2 (en) 2010-11-09
CN101269717A (zh) 2008-09-24

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