CN101242824B - 乙酰半胱氨酸组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
乙酰半胱氨酸组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101242824B CN101242824B CN2006800304439A CN200680030443A CN101242824B CN 101242824 B CN101242824 B CN 101242824B CN 2006800304439 A CN2006800304439 A CN 2006800304439A CN 200680030443 A CN200680030443 A CN 200680030443A CN 101242824 B CN101242824 B CN 101242824B
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- acetylcysteine
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- pharmaceutical
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- QLBHNVFOQLIYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O QLBHNVFOQLIYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
- A61K31/197—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid or pantothenic acid
- A61K31/198—Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
- A61J1/00—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes
- A61J1/05—Containers specially adapted for medical or pharmaceutical purposes for collecting, storing or administering blood, plasma or medical fluids ; Infusion or perfusion containers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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Abstract
本发明涉及新的溶液中的乙酰半胱氨酸组合物,所述组合物包含乙酰半胱氨酸,并且基本上无金属螯合剂例如EDTA。此外,本发明涉及制造和使用所述乙酰半胱氨酸组合物的方法。将本组合物和方法设计成用于改善患者的耐受性和顺应性,同时维持该药物剂型的稳定性。本发明的组合物和方法用于治疗对乙酰氨基酚过量、急性肝衰竭、各种癌症、甲基丙烯腈中毒、心脏分流手术期间再灌注损伤、以及放射造影-诱导的肾病,并且还可以用作粘液溶解药。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及溶液中的乙酰半胱氨酸组合物及它们的应用。在本发明的一些实施方案中,乙酰半胱氨酸组合物基本上无螯合剂,而这并不显著地影响该剂型的稳定性。在本发明的其它实施方案中,乙酰半胱氨酸组合物基本上无EDTA。
背景技术
乙酰半胱氨酸是分子量为163.2并且具有下列化学结构的抗氧化剂:
(默克索引第13版(Merck Index 13th ed.),n90,17页)。在Acetadote、Mucomyst、Parvolex、Fluimucil及其它的商品名下的乙酰半胱氨酸在美国和世界范围内是普遍销售的。作为可注射和口服药剂、和作为粘液溶解药、作为吸入产品,它对于包括对乙酰氨基酚过量的治疗的几种适应证是有效的。乙酰半胱氨酸还被使用或研究用于治疗其它适应证,包括肝衰竭、各种癌症、甲基丙烯腈中毒,放射造影-诱导的肾病的减轻,以及心脏分流手术期间再灌注损伤的减轻。
乙酰半胱氨酸并非稳定的分子,并且在溶液中及暴露于空气时会被氧化和降解。几项美国专利已经解决了此问题。例如,美国专利5,691,380看来似乎描述了用于改善乙酰半胱氨酸稳定性的局部硅氧烷-基乳剂体系的使用。
其它的美国专利通过使用螯合剂稳定乙酰半胱氨酸而看来似乎解决了该问题。螯合剂(Chelating agents)或螯合剂(chelators)是与来自溶液的游离金属离子结合并且从而螯合的有机试剂。广泛使用的螯合剂是通常称为EDTA的乙二胺四乙酸(edetic acid)或乙二胺四乙酸(ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid),其分子量为292.24并且具有下列化学结构:
(默克索引第13版(Merck Index 13th ed.),n3546,620-621页)。作为游离酸以及作为各种盐例如EDTA二钠、EDTA四钠、EDTA二钾和EDTA钙二钠,EDTA是可以商购的。
美国专利5,807,894,例如,看来似乎描述了用于改善乙酰半胱氨酸在糖浆剂剂型中的高反应性的螯合剂EDTA的使用。美国专利6,114,387看来似乎描述了EDTA用于在固体剂型中稳定乙酰半胱氨酸的应用。市场上的乙酰半胱氨酸水溶液,例如在Acetadote、Mucomyst、Parvolex、Fluimucil商品名下的那些乙酰半胱氨酸水溶液,也以乙二胺四乙酸二钠盐的形式含有帮助稳定该药物产品的EDTA。
虽然改善了乙酰半胱氨酸剂型的稳定性,但是螯合剂例如EDTA在对人或动物给药时会引起不理想的效果。这些不理想效果的一些包括可能导致致死、血钾过少、血镁过少和低血压的血钙水平显著下降(药物赋性剂手册226(Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients 226)(R.Rowe等编,第4版,2003)),并且还显示EDTA在试验动物中产生生殖发育毒性。当在喷雾器溶液中用作防腐剂时,EDTA还与剂量相关的支气管收缩相联系。致死剂量(ld.)基于EDTA的副作用,当将EDTA对具有肾损伤、肝毒性、结核及损伤的心脏功能的患者给药时,应当需要特别注意。致死剂量(ld.)
由于可以将乙酰半胱氨酸用于防止或治疗包括肝损伤的多种障碍和病症,因此螯合剂例如EDTA对乙酰半胱氨酸药物产品的加入是值得关注的。在稳定乙酰半胱氨酸组合物的同时,螯合剂还可能减少该组合物的效力。另外,一些个体对螯合剂过敏,从而使得他们不能接受含有螯合剂的乙酰半胱氨酸组合物,或在接受这样的组合物之后可能需要额外的护理。
因此,需要具有在给药时不产生副作用的稳定的乙酰半胱氨酸溶液药物产品。在某些情况下,例如用于减轻或防止由对乙酰氨基酚过量所引起的肝损伤的乙酰半胱氨酸的应用中,除去EDTA或其它的螯合剂可以通过限制由该螯合剂产生的任何另外的肝毒性来改善效能。
发明概述
已经令人惊奇地发现,含有乙酰半胱氨酸、无菌水和pH-调节剂的水性组合物在没有加入螯合剂的情况下是稳定的。因而,本发明涉及基本上无螯合剂的含有乙酰半胱氨酸的溶液。
本发明的水性药物组合物的pH值可以是5至9、6至8、6.5至7.0,或6.8。可以通过pH-调节剂例如氢氧化钠的加入来调节该组合物的pH值。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,水性药物组合物基本上无螯合剂。在本发明的一个进一步实施方案中,水性药物组合物基本上无EDTA或其药用盐。
在本发明的进一步的实施方案中,水性药物组合物包含少于0.05%、少于0.02%的螯合剂,或没有螯合剂。在本发明的更其它的实施方案中,水性药物组合物包含少于0.05%、少于0.02%的EDTA或其药用盐,或没有EDTA或其药用盐。
在本发明的再另一个实施方案中,水性药物组合物由溶解在脱气水中的10至400mg/mL的乙酰半胱氨酸和适当量的氢氧化钠组成,以达到6至8的最终pH值。
本发明的另一个实施方案是制造包含乙酰半胱氨酸的水性药物组合物的方法,其中该组合物的pH值为6至8,并且其中该组合物包含少于0.05%的螯合剂或基本上无螯合剂,所述螯合剂例如EDTA。
本发明的更其它的实施方案是用于治疗对乙酰氨基酚过量、肝衰竭、各种癌症、甲基丙烯腈中毒,放射造影-诱导的肾病的减轻,心脏分流手术期间再灌注损伤的减轻,以及治疗需要粘液溶解药的疾病的方法,所述方法包括给药含有乙酰半胱氨酸的水性药物组合物,其中,该组合物pH值为6至8,并且其中该组合物包含少于0.05%的螯合剂,或基本上无螯合剂,所述螯合剂例如EDTA。
本发明另外的目的和利益将会在以下说明中部分地阐明,并且部分将是从该说明显而易见的,或可以通过本发明的实践来得知。通过借助在后附权利要求中特别指出的要素和组合,将可以实现和达到本发明的目的和利益。
应当理解,如所要求的,前述一般说明和以下详细说明都仅是示例性和说明性的,而非是对本发明限制性的。
发明详述
A.定义
为了使本发明可以更易理解,首先定义了某些术语。另外的定义在整个详细说明中阐明。
术语“稳定的”或“稳定性”是指以任意形式例如溶液中的组合物的物理和化学稳定性。如果组合物显示出相对于在制造它时的随着时间的过去的最小变化,则它是稳定的。稳定性是在计划了的产物失效时期之内、在不同的时间点通过评价标准测量的,所述评价标准包括项目例如治疗活性、外观、颗粒物质的水平、pH、活性成分的含量、降解产物的水平、杂质,或有关物质。组合物的稳定性可以如实施例3中所述进行测量。
如这里所使用的,术语“盐”或“药用盐”是指与无机和/或有机酸形成的酸性盐,以及与无机和/或有机碱形成的碱性盐。这些酸和碱的实例对于本领域中的普通技术人员是众所周知的。根据本发明的盐可以以多种形式使用。在水和其它的水溶液中,盐典型地离解为“阴离子”或带负电荷的亚组分(subcomponent),以及“阳离子”或带正电荷的亚组分。该盐还可以是由患者生理承受的那些盐,例如没有过分毒性、不相容性、不稳定性、以及过敏反应。
术语“基本上无”是指具有显著减少的螯合剂水平的组合物。在一个实施方案中,不向组合物中加入螯合剂,但是螯合剂可以以另外的方式存在。例如,螯合剂可以作为杂质或不需要的污染物存在。
B.发明描述
本申请人已经发现,可以在不需要螯合剂的情况下生产乙酰半胱氨酸的液体组合物,所述液体组合物在环境条件下在溶液中具有至少1年以及在加速条件(40℃)下至少6个月的药用稳定性。鉴于乙酰半胱氨酸的通常不稳定的性质,所赋予的此稳定性是令人惊奇的。
螯合剂(Chelating agents)或螯合剂(chelators)是与来自溶液的游离金属离子结合并且从而螯合的有机试剂。广泛使用的螯合剂是通常称为EDTA的乙二胺四乙酸(edetic acid)或乙二胺四乙酸(ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid)。螯合剂的另外实例包括但不限于二亚乙基三胺五乙酸(DTPA)、三亚乙基四胺六乙酸(TTHA)、反-1,2-环己二胺-N,N,N′,N′-四乙酸(CDTA)、乙二胺二琥珀酸(EDDS)、二羟基乙基甘氨酸、柠檬酸、琥珀酸,和酒石酸。螯合剂可以以它的酸形式使用,但是它还可以作为它的盐之一来使用。EDTA的盐,例如包括乙二胺四乙酸钙二钠、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、乙二胺四乙酸钠、乙二胺四乙酸三钠和乙二胺四乙酸二钾。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的组合物不含螯合剂,或基本上无螯合剂,所述螯合剂例如EDTA。在另一个实施方案中,本发明的组合物包含少于0.05%的螯合剂例如EDTA。例如,本发明的组合物可以含有少于0.050%、0.045%、0.040%、0.035%、0.030%、0.025%、0.020%、0.015%、0.010%、0.0050%、0.0025%、0.0010%的螯合剂例如EDTA。
乙酰半胱氨酸是对于天然产生的氨基酸L-半胱氨酸的N-乙酰基衍生物的非专有名称(还称为N-乙酰基-L-半胱氨酸和NAC)。在本发明的一个实施方案中,本发明的水性组合物包含有效量的乙酰半胱氨酸。乙酰半胱氨酸包括乙酰半胱氨酸的衍生物,及其药用盐。乙酰半胱氨酸的衍生物包括但不限于酯、酰胺、酸酐和硫代酸酯,以及巯基部分的硫代酸酯。乙酰半胱氨酸和乙酰半胱氨酸衍生物的药用盐包括但不限于钠盐、钾盐、镁盐、钙盐、锌盐和铵盐。
乙酰半胱氨酸的量可以根据需要的溶液特性而变化,并且可以由本领域的普通技术人员所确定。在本发明的一个实施方案中,乙酰半胱氨酸构成0.1-50%,在另一个实施方案中为1.0-25%,在另外的实施方案中为10%,并且在再一个实施方案中为20%。
本发明人已经进一步发现,可以生产乙酰半胱氨酸的液体组合物,所述液体组合物基本上无或含有少于0.05%的螯合剂,具有适于注射或吸入并且还可以经口使用的pH值。因而,本发明的另一个实施方案是含有乙酰半胱氨酸的水溶液的药物组合物,其中该组合物的pH值为5至9。在本发明的再一个实施方案中,药物组合物包含乙酰半胱氨酸的水溶液,其中该组合物的pH值为6至8。本发明的一个进一步的实施方案是包含乙酰半胱氨酸的水溶液的药物组合物,其中pH值为约6.8。在更其它的实施方案中,该组合物的pH值为5.0、5.1、5.2、5.3、5.4、5.5、5.6、5.7、5.8、5.9、6.0、6.1、6.2、6.3、6.4、6.5、6.6、6.7、6.9、7.0、7.1、7.2、7.3、7.4、7.5、7.6、7.7、7.8、7.9、8.0、8.1、8.2、8.3、8.4、8.5、8.6、8.7、8.8、8.9或9.0。
本发明的剂型可以进一步包含pH-调节剂,例如碱性试剂。这样的试剂包括许多药用的无机或有机碱,在使用的剂量范围内,包括单价金属碱和/或二价金属碱,例如,氢氧化钠溶液、氢氧化钾溶液、氢氧化钙、氢氧化镁、氨、磷酸三钠、二乙醇胺、1,2-乙二胺、N-甲基葡糖胺或L-赖氨酸和/或其混合物。在本发明的一个实施方案中,向组合物中加入氢氧化钠以调节该组合物的pH值。
pH-调节剂的量可以根据需要的组合物的pH值以及溶液中的乙酰半胱氨酸的量而变化,并且可以由本领域的普通技术人员所确定。例如,通常,在本发明的剂型中的pH-调节剂例如氢氧化钠的量将根据乙酰半胱氨酸的需要浓度而直接变化。要使用的pH-调节剂的精确量将取决于具体试剂,并且取决于水性介质的缓冲容量以及使用的该剂型的其它组分。因而,技术人员将理解,例如通过滴定到需要的pH值的方法将容易地确定pH-调节剂的最佳量。
本发明还提供了一种由10至400mg/mL的乙酰半胱氨酸和滴定量的氢氧化钠或其它碱组成的水性药物组合物,溶解在脱气水中,用于实现组合物的所需pH值,例如6至8。
在某些实施方案中,药物组合物可以包含用于更改、维持或保持例如组合物的同渗浓度(osmolarity)、粘度、澄清度、颜色、等渗性、气味、无菌度、溶解或释放速率、吸附或渗透的剂型材料。在某些实施方案中,适当的剂型材料包括但不限于抗氧化剂(例如抗坏血酸或偏亚硫酸氢钠(sodium metabislfuite));填充剂/结块剂(例如甘露糖醇、乳糖或海藻糖);赋形剂和/或药物佐剂。(雷明顿药物科学(Remington′s PharmaceuticalSciences),第18版,A.R.Gennaro编,马克出版公司(Mack PublishingCompany)(1990))。
本发明人已经进一步发现了制造包含乙酰半胱氨酸水溶液和pH-调节剂的药物组合物,其中所述组合物基本上无螯合剂或含有少于0.05%的螯合剂。该方法包括以下:向脱气水中加入乙酰半胱氨酸,加入pH-调节剂直至达到约6.8的pH值并且乙酰半胱氨酸完全溶解。备选地,可以将乙酰半胱氨酸加入到含有pH调节溶液的脱气水溶液中。得到的产物是可以容易地通过灭菌过滤器例如0.2微米过滤器的澄清、无色至浅紫色的溶液。然后将该产物装入管瓶中,并且在密封之前将惰性气氛置于该溶液之上。本领域中的普通技术人员将意识到变化制造工艺的方法,以使剂型最优化或增加生产量用于大规模制造。
已经显示,乙酰半胱氨酸给药减轻了对乙酰氨基酚过量之后的肝损伤的程度。本发明人已经发现了治疗对乙酰氨基酚过量的方法,所述方法包括将有效量的含有乙酰半胱氨酸水溶液的药物组合物给药于需要其的患者,其中所述组合物基本上无或含有少于0.05%的EDTA或其药用盐。由本发明的水性乙酰半胱氨酸组合物减轻的其它病症包括但不限于肝衰竭、各种癌症、甲基丙烯腈中毒、放射造影-诱导的肾病的减轻、心脏分流手术期间再灌注损伤的减轻,以及需要粘液溶解药的疾病。
本发明的药物组合物可以通过注射(静脉内的或肌肉的)、通过吸入或通过口服途径给药。在本发明的一个实施方案中,将本发明的组合物在给药之前溶解于包含葡萄糖和氯化钠中的至少一种的水溶液中。在本发明的另一个实施方案中,将本发明的组合物溶解在0.45%或0.90%的氯化钠水溶液(分别为半生理盐水和生理盐水)中。在本发明的再一个组合物中,将它在给药之前溶解在5%的葡萄糖的水溶液中。还可以将本发明的组合物在给药之前溶解在注射用水中。还可以使用本领域中的普通技术人员已知的稀释剂。在该药物组合物中,乙酰半胱氨酸的药物组成的剂量在10mg/剂量至约400mg/kg的范围内,并且可以由本领域中的普通技术人员确定。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,将该药物组合物给药,以治疗对乙酰氨基酚的毒性。将本发明的组合物混合在5%的葡萄糖中,并且在15分钟至2小时期间内将150mg/kg的药物作为负荷剂量而提供,随后立即在4小时内以50mg/kg提供第二剂量,然后在20小时内以100mg/kg提供第三剂量。在需要时可以提供另外的过程。
本领域中的技术人员将意识到,该水性乙酰半胱氨酸组合物的适当剂量可以根据受治疗的个体和目的而变化。例如,个别患者的年龄、体重和病史会影响治疗的效力。此外,需要较低剂量的该组合物来治疗例如较低重量的患者,而更重的患者需要更高剂量的乙酰半胱氨酸。合格的医师能够考虑到这些因素而调节给药计划,以保证该剂量达到需要的治疗结果,而不需要过度的实验。还要注意,临床医师和/或医师将知道如何以及何时结合个别患者的反应而中断、调节和/或终止治疗。
将这里引用的全部参考文献通过参考和为了全部目的整体结合于此,以达到与就像为了全部目的而将具体并且单独指出的各个单独的出版物或专利或专利申请通过引用而整体结合相同的程度。就通过引用而结合的专利或专利申请与包含在本说明书中的公开内容相矛盾而言,本说明书意欲代替和/或优先于任何这样的矛盾材料。
在所有情况下,本说明书和权利要求中使用的表示成分、反应条件等的量的全部数字应当理解为由术语“约”所修饰。因此,除非相反地指出,本说明书和后附权利要求中阐述的数字参数是根据本发明试图得到的所需性质而变化的近似值。应当根据有效数字的数目和普通舍入方法解释各个数字参数,而丝毫也不是试图将等价原则的应用限制到所述权利要求的范围。
本说明书和权利要求中陈述的表示成分、组分等的量的全部数字应当理解为在所有情况下由术语“w/v”所修饰。因此,除非相反地指出,本说明书和后附权利要求中阐述的百分数以重量/单位体积表示。
在不背离本发明的实质和范围的情况下,可以对它进行许多更改和变化,这对于本领域的技术人员将是显然的。描述于此的具体实施方案仅通过实施例提供,而且并不意欲以任何方式限制。意欲仅将本说明书和实施例认为是示例性的,而本发明的真正范围和实质由权利要求指出。
下列实施例表示前述发现的具体实施方案,而它们并不代表本发明的整个范围。乙酰半胱氨酸、水、氢氧化钠和乙二胺四乙酸二钠为药典级(Pharmacopea grade),但是也可以利用其它的药用材料。
C.实施例
下列实施例仅为了说明性目的而提供。
实施例1:乙酰半胱氨酸剂型的制备
将20千克乙酰半胱氨酸加入到约60升注射用脱气水中,并且混合该溶液。加入氢氧化钠溶液,以将pH值调节至约6.5至7.0,并且混合直至溶解。加入足量的注射用脱气水,以制成20%溶液(总体积为100升)。通过用氮气置换氧气使对空气的暴露最小化。使该溶液通过0.2微米灭菌过滤器。将产物装入管瓶或安瓿中,并且暴露于用氮气置换了顶部空间以使其最小化的氧气。
实施例2:乙酰半胱氨酸剂型的制备
将10千克乙酰半胱氨酸加入到约60升注射用脱气水中,并且混合。加入氢氧化钠溶液,以将pH值调节至约6.5至7.0,并且继续混合直至溶解。加入足量的注射用脱气水,以制成10%溶液(总体积为100升)。通过用氮气或其它药物惰性气体置换氧气使对空气的暴露最小化。使该溶液通过0.2微米或其它的灭菌过滤器。将产物装入通过用氮气或其它药物惰性气体置换顶部空间以使对氧气的暴露最小化的管瓶或安瓿中。
实施例3:本发明的乙酰半胱氨酸组合物的稳定性
为了测定乙酰半胱氨酸溶液的稳定性是否需要EDTA,制备了包含不同的乙二胺四乙酸二钠浓度的三种溶液。检验了包含0.05%的乙二胺四乙酸二钠的溶液、包含40%所述量的0.02%的乙二胺四乙酸二钠的溶液,以及不含有乙二胺四乙酸二钠(0.00%)的溶液。使用与实施例1中所述的方法相类似的方法制备所述三种溶液。简言之,若有的话,将乙二胺四乙酸二钠加入到约60%的所需脱气水中,并且混合直至溶解。然后加入乙酰半胱氨酸,并且混合直至溶解。用氢氧化钠将pH值调节至约6.8,并且加入脱气水至目标水平。用氮气吹扫溶液。然后使产物通过0.2微米过滤器以除去潜在的微生物污染物,并且装入管瓶中。
在最初时间点,使用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)评价了所述三种溶液的乙酰半胱氨酸含量和色谱纯度。测量了各种杂质,包括L-半胱氨酸、杂质C、(二硫化物)、杂质D,以及其它杂质或降解产物。对于这些HPLC测量的峰面积表示于表1中。还进行了对色谱图中的未知峰的分析。“最高未知的(highest unknown)”表示色谱图中最高的单独的未确认峰的面积,而“总未知的(total unknowns)”表示色谱图中未确认峰的总面积。参见表1。除HPLC之外,还考察了所述三种溶液的每一种的视觉外观、pH和颗粒水平。然后将含有所述三种溶液的管瓶放置于25℃或40℃,并且在3个月、6个月和12个月将管瓶移去,然后测定上述参数。参见表1。
在所述三种剂型之间,外观、pH和颗粒物质随时间保持不变。如表1中所示,在乙酰半胱氨酸含量或纯度方面,在所述三种溶液的每一个之间没有明显的差别。该结果表明,生产具有药用稳定性的产品并不需要乙二胺四乙酸盐。鉴于乙酰半胱氨酸的通常不稳定的性质,这些结果是令人惊奇的。
表1
时间点 | EDTA二钠 | 温度 | 乙酰半胱氨酸含量 | L-半胱氨酸 | 杂质C(二硫化物) | 杂质D | 最高未知的 | 总未知的 |
初始 | 0.00% | 不适用 | 202.4 | 0.15 | 0.55 | 0.18 | 0.01 | 0.02 |
初始 | 0.02% | 不适用 | 203.9 | 0.19 | 0.44 | 0.23 | 0.03 | 0.05 |
初始 | 0.05% | 不适用 | 204.7 | 0.20 | 0.50 | 0.30 | 0.04 | 0.10 |
3个月 | 0.00% | 25℃ | 204.2 | 0.181 | 0.482 | 0.137 | 0.053 | 0.080 |
3个月 | 0.00% | 40℃ | 201.8 | 0.370 | 0.540 | 0.90 | 0.070 | 0.132 |
3个月 | 0.02% | 25℃ | 204.9 | 0.259 | 0.436 | 0.191 | 0.074 | 0.141 |
3个月 | 0.02% | 40℃ | 204.5 | 0.463 | 0.467 | 0.142 | 0.065 | 0.183 |
3个月 | 0.05% | 25℃ | 206.1 | 0.299 | 0.444 | 0.214 | 0.044 | 0.119 |
3个月 | 0.05% | 40℃ | 205.4 | 0.532 | 0.507 | 0.165 | 0.045 | 0.154 |
6个月 | 0.00% | 25℃ | 202.4 | 0.262 | 0.523 | 0.106 | 0.013 | 0.013 |
6个月 | 0.00% | 40℃ | 201.7 | 0.707 | 0.509 | 0.053 | 0.133 | 0.133 |
6个月 | 0.02% | 25℃ | 205.9 | 0.338 | 0.391 | 0.167 | 0.013 | 0.013 |
6个月 | 0.05% | 25℃ | 207.1 | 0.369 | 0.483 | 0.186 | 0.013 | 0.013 |
6个月 | 0.05% | 40℃ | 204.6 | 0.932 | 0.509 | 0.104 | 0.135 | 0.135 |
6个月 | 0.02% | 40℃ | 204.3 | 0.856 | 0.525 | 0.093 | 0.135 | 0.135 |
12个月 | 0.00% | 25℃ | 204.5 | 0.364 | 0.597 | 0.079 | 0.034 | 0.071 |
12个月 | 0.02% | 25℃ | 206.0 | 0.435 | 0.475 | 0.134 | 0.042 | 0.130 |
12个月 | 0.05% | 25℃ | 207.1 | 0.514 | 0.435 | 0.160 | 0.055 | 0.122 |
Claims (31)
1.一种水性药物组合物,其包含200-250mg/ml乙酰半胱氨酸,其中所述组合物包含少于0.05%w/v的EDTA,或其药用盐,其中所述组合物为适于静脉内注射的形式。
2.权利要求1的水性药物组合物,其中所述组合物包含少于0.02%w/v的EDTA,或其药用盐。
3.权利要求2的水性药物组合物,其中所述组合物不含EDTA,或其药用盐。
4.权利要求1的水性药物组合物,其中所述组合物的pH值为6至8。
5.权利要求4的水性药物组合物,其中所述组合物的pH值为6.5至7.0。
6.权利要求5的水性药物组合物,其中所述组合物的pH值为6.8。
7.权利要求1的水性药物组合物,其中所述组合物在25℃稳定至少12个月。
8.权利要求1的水性药物组合物,其中所述组合物在40℃稳定至少6个月。
9.一种水性药物组合物,所述水性药物组合物由溶解于脱气水中的200-250mg/mL的乙酰半胱氨酸或其药用盐、pH-调节剂和少于0.05%w/v的EDTA组成,并且其中用所述pH-调节剂将所述组合物的pH值调节至6至8的pH值,其中所述组合物为适于静脉注射的形式。
10.包含200-250mg/ml乙酰半胱氨酸的乙酰半胱氨酸水性组合物在制备用于治疗对乙酰氨基酚过量的药物中的应用,其中所述组合物为适于静脉注射的形式并且包含少于0.05%w/v的EDTA或其药用盐。
11.权利要求10的应用,其中所述组合物包含少于0.02%w/v的EDTA,或其药用盐。
12.权利要求11的应用,其中所述组合物不包含EDTA,或其药用盐。
13.权利要求10的应用,其中所述组合物的pH值为6至8。
14.权利要求13的应用,其中所述组合物的pH值为6.5至7.0。
15.权利要求14的应用,其中所述组合物的pH值为6.8。
16.权利要求10的应用,其中在给药之前,将所述组合物混合在葡萄糖和氯化钠的至少一种的水溶液中。
17.权利要求16的应用,其中在给药之前,将所述组合物混合在5%w/v的葡萄糖水溶液中。
18.权利要求16的应用,其中在给药之前,将所述组合物混合在0.45%或0.90%w/v的氯化钠水溶液中。
19.一种制造水性乙酰半胱氨酸药物组合物的方法,所述方法包括将乙酰半胱氨酸溶解在脱气水中,并且加入碱性试剂以达到6至8的pH值,其中所述组合物含有200-250mg/ml的乙酰半胱氨酸和少于0.05%w/v的EDTA,或其药用盐。
20.权利要求19的方法,其中所述方法还包括使溶液通过灭菌过滤器,并且在惰性气氛下装填。
21.权利要求19的方法,其中所述组合物含有少于0.02%w/v的EDTA,或其药用盐。
22.权利要求21的方法,其中所述组合物不含EDTA,或其药用盐。
23.权利要求19的方法,其中所述组合物的pH值为6.5至7.0。
24.权利要求23的方法,其中所述组合物的pH值为6.8。
25.权利要求19的方法,其中所述组合物在25℃稳定至少6个月。
26.权利要求19的方法,其中所述组合物在40℃稳定至少6个月。
27.权利要求19的方法,其中所述碱性试剂为氢氧化钠。
28.水性药物组合物,其包含200-500mg/ml乙酰半胱氨酸,其中所述组合物包含少于0.05%w/v EDTA,或其药用盐,其中所述组合物为适于静脉内注射的形式。
29.水性药物组合物,其由溶解在脱气水中的200-500mg/ml乙酰半胱氨酸或其药用盐、pH-调节剂和少于0.05%w/v的EDTA组成,其中用所述pH调节剂将所述组合物的pH值调整为6至8的pH值,其中所述组合物为适于静脉内注射的形式。
30.权利要求28的乙酰半胱氨酸的水性组合物在制备用于治疗对乙酰氨基酚过量的药物中的应用。
31.制备权利要求28的水性乙酰半胱氨酸药物组合物的方法,其包括将乙酰半胱氨酸溶解在脱气水中,并添加碱性试剂以达到6-8的pH。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/209,804 | 2005-08-24 | ||
US11/209,804 US8148356B2 (en) | 2005-08-24 | 2005-08-24 | Acetylcysteine composition and uses therefor |
PCT/US2006/020691 WO2007024311A1 (en) | 2005-08-24 | 2006-05-30 | Acetylcysteine composition and uses therefor |
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CN (2) | CN102266316A (zh) |
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CN1711998A (zh) * | 2005-03-30 | 2005-12-28 | 杭州华科生物医药技术有限公司 | 一种稳定的、pH值近中性的多规格乙酰半胱氨酸溶液及其制备方法 |
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AU2006282030B2 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
US20170042850A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
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JP5303272B2 (ja) | 2013-10-02 |
US20180055801A1 (en) | 2018-03-01 |
HK1123972A1 (zh) | 2009-07-03 |
PH12012501687A1 (en) | 2015-04-20 |
US8399445B2 (en) | 2013-03-19 |
AU2006282030A1 (en) | 2007-03-01 |
US20130165516A1 (en) | 2013-06-27 |
US20150196519A1 (en) | 2015-07-16 |
US20120309832A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 |
KR20080047398A (ko) | 2008-05-28 |
US8952065B2 (en) | 2015-02-10 |
WO2007024311A1 (en) | 2007-03-01 |
JP2009506030A (ja) | 2009-02-12 |
EP1928449A1 (en) | 2008-06-11 |
CN101242824A (zh) | 2008-08-13 |
EP1928449B1 (en) | 2015-09-16 |
CN102266316A (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
CA2619441C (en) | 2015-07-14 |
PH12012501687B1 (en) | 2015-04-20 |
US8148356B2 (en) | 2012-04-03 |
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