CN101218453B - 用于在有油状态下运行的皮带传动装置的张紧器 - Google Patents

用于在有油状态下运行的皮带传动装置的张紧器 Download PDF

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CN101218453B
CN101218453B CN2005800501818A CN200580050181A CN101218453B CN 101218453 B CN101218453 B CN 101218453B CN 2005800501818 A CN2005800501818 A CN 2005800501818A CN 200580050181 A CN200580050181 A CN 200580050181A CN 101218453 B CN101218453 B CN 101218453B
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CN101218453A (zh
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M·坎塔托雷
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Drive Systems Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H7/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
    • F16H7/08—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains
    • F16H7/10—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley
    • F16H7/12—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley of an idle pulley
    • F16H7/1209—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley of an idle pulley with vibration damping means
    • F16H7/1218—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley of an idle pulley with vibration damping means of the dry friction type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H7/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
    • F16H7/08—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains
    • F16H7/10—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley
    • F16H7/12—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley of an idle pulley
    • F16H7/1254—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley of an idle pulley without vibration damping means
    • F16H7/1281—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley of an idle pulley without vibration damping means where the axis of the pulley moves along a substantially circular path
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H7/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
    • F16H7/08—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains
    • F16H2007/0802—Actuators for final output members
    • F16H2007/081—Torsion springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H7/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
    • F16H7/08—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains
    • F16H7/0829—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains with vibration damping means
    • F16H7/0831—Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains with vibration damping means of the dry friction type

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
  • Pulleys (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Advancing Webs (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Mounting, Exchange, And Manufacturing Of Dies (AREA)

Abstract

一种张紧器(1)，其在有油状态下与皮带相配合，并且包括：具有第一轴线(A)的销(2)；与销(2)成整体且与之基本上垂直的基板(15)；以旋转的方式连接至销(2)并相对于基板(15)可动的凸轮臂(3)；由凸轮臂(3)承载的接触元件(5)；以及连接至凸轮臂(3)以相对于皮带致动接触元件(5)的弹性元件(4)。张紧器(1)还包括由耐油的材料制成并将凸轮臂(3)轴向地支撑于基板(15)上的摩擦元件(16)；以及用于相对于基板(15)加载摩擦元件(16)的轴向弹性装置(24)。

Description

用于在有油状态下运行的皮带传动装置的张紧器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于在有油状态下运行的皮带传动装置的张紧器。
背景技术
已知的皮带传动装置，例如用于驱动内燃机凸轮轴的，通常用于干燥场合，其中张紧器用于维持皮带的正确张力。
用于干燥场合的凸轮张紧器已知为包括具有支撑销的固定元件；弹簧加载的凸轮臂；安装至凸轮臂并与同步皮带相配合的空转轮；以及径向地插入在固定销和凸轮臂之间以缓冲皮带振动的摩擦材料的衬套。
对于有油出现的场合，通常使用链条，其与底板相配合以维持正确的张力。
最近已经开发了在有油状态下的皮带应用，其中已知的张紧器已经证明不足以维持正确的张力。
发明内容
本发明的目标是提供一种用于在有油状态下运行的皮带传动装置的张紧器，其设计来消除上述缺点。
根据本发明，提供了一种用于在有油状态下运行的皮带传动装置的张紧器，包括：具有第一轴线的销；与所述销成整体且与之基本上垂直的基板；以旋转的方式连接至所述销并相对于所述基板可动的凸轮臂；由所述臂承载的接触元件；连接至所述臂以相对于所述皮带致动所述接触元件的弹性元件；由耐油的聚合物材料制成并将所述臂轴向地支撑于所述基板上的摩擦元件；以及用于相对于所述基板加载所述摩擦元件的轴向弹性装置。
附图说明
下面将参照附图以举例的方式描述本发明非限制性的实施例，在附图中：
图1示出了根据本发明的张紧器的分解透视图；
图2示出了图1的正视图；
图3示出了沿着图2中III-III线的剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1中的数字1表示用于在有油状态下运行的皮带传动装置的张紧器，并且包括固定销2；安装为在固定销2上旋转并且连接至张紧弹簧4的金属凸轮臂3；以及径向地包围凸轮臂3并与有齿皮带相配合和接触的空心滑轮5。
更具体地，固定销2具有：具有轴线A的圆柱形安装表面6；其轴线B相对于轴线A偏心的通孔7；端部台肩8；以及处于圆柱形表面6与端部台肩8相反的端部处的仿形(contoured)头部9。通孔7延伸穿过相对于穿过轴线A和B的平面对称的仿形头部9。
凸轮臂3借助于由减摩材料(例如聚四氟乙烯)制成的衬套10径向地安装到安装表面6上，并且具有环形壳体11以及其轴线C相对于轴线A和B偏心的圆柱形外表面12。更具体地，圆柱形外表面12借助于轴承13支撑空心滑轮5，并且壳体11朝着端部台肩8开口，容纳整个张紧弹簧4，并且具有用于连接至张紧弹簧4端部14的槽。
凸轮臂3由垂直地连接至固定销2的环形基板15以及由插入在凸轮臂3和基板15之间且由即使在有油状态下也能维持摩擦的材料(比如由Federal-Mogul Friction Products Gmbh出售的BERAL1122)所制成的摩擦环16轴向地支撑。
更具体地，所使用的摩擦材料包括含有天然橡胶的耐油粘合剂；以及用于在有油状态下获得摩擦并包含石棉、氧化镁、石墨和粘土的添加剂的混合物。所使用材料的物理性质为：比重为(在20℃下测量)2.04*10^-3kg/cm^3；热导率为1.00W/m*℃；干摩擦系数为大约0.47；并且油浴摩擦系数为大约0.10。
更具体地，凸轮臂3具有整体的径向周边轴环17，其面对基板15并且限定了座以使得摩擦环16与凸轮臂3径向地成整体。
基板15包括轴向地依靠在端部台肩8上的内边缘18；以及凸起19，该凸起19朝着凸轮臂3突出并且与臂3相配合以限定出两个限定位置以及和与张紧弹簧4的端部14相对的端部(未示出)相配合。
在与基板15相对的一侧上，凸轮臂3和固定销2的仿形头部9限定了环形座21，该座21与轴线A同轴并且用于容纳由塑料制成的支撑杯、Belleville垫圈24和环形盖板25。
更具体地，杯23整体地包括垂直于轴线A的平状部分26；以及与轴线A平行的周边边缘27。周边边缘27径向地容纳Belleville垫圈24，并且与盖板25一起限定了环形间隙28以允许油进入来润滑Belleville垫圈24和安装表面6。Belleville垫圈24由盖板25轴向地压靠平状部分26。更具体地，盖板25通过形状匹配的配合有角度地刚性连接至仿形头部9，并且通过堵缝轴向地固定。
张紧器1借助于容纳在通孔7内的螺钉29安装至内燃机的壁。更具体地，仿形头部9由相对于盖板25轴向地突出的支撑表面30划界，并且端部台肩8由相对于基板15轴向地突出的支撑表面31划界，因此，当张紧器1固定至发动机时，螺钉29的头部32与支撑表面30相配合，并且支撑表面31直接接触发动机的壁以将基板15保持为脱离。由螺钉施加的拉力因此被传递至固定销2，并且摩擦环16的轴向负载(其比由螺钉施加的拉力小得多)由校准Belleville垫圈24准确地控制。Belleville垫圈24实际上用于最大压缩的条件下，其中其施加基本上恒定的力，并且在凸轮臂3的轴向尺寸上具有例如由摩擦环16的运行磨损所导致的微小变化。
根据本发明的张紧器的优点如下。
使用轴向加载的耐油摩擦环16来在有油状态下实现令人满意的缓冲作用。而且，张紧器1包括很多与干燥运行的张紧器通用的部件，因而能获得大规模生产的成本好处。更具体地，通过用PTFE环替换摩擦环16，张紧器1还可干燥地使用。
而且，使用耐油的摩擦材料，通过避免金属部件(即固定销2和凸轮臂3)的在线清理就进一步降低了成本。
整个张紧弹簧4轴向地容纳在凸轮臂3的壳体11内的事实提供来降低长度，以适应于其特点在于皮带在有油状态下运行的场合，并且其通常倾向于替换允许特别短长度的链条。
很明显，在不偏离本发明如所附权利要求所述的范围之下能对这里所述和所示的张紧器作出变化。
例如，摩擦环16可容纳在由凸轮臂3所限定的凹槽内，或者可以被胶粘。
空心滑轮5和轴承13可由具有安装至圆柱形外表面12的环元件并与凸轮臂3成整体的底板替换。
为了减少张紧器1的部件的数目，可以取消支撑杯23，并且Belleville垫圈24可直接接触凸轮臂3，只要间隙28的大小允许足够的油穿过以润滑相对运动中的表面。
如果需要柔性摩擦环16的话，所使用的摩擦材料包括天然橡胶基的粘合剂。如果需要刚性的摩擦环，则不使用天然橡胶。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于在有油状态下运行的皮带传动装置的张紧器(1)，包括：具有第一轴线(A)的销(2)；与所述销(2)成整体且与之基本上垂直的基板(15)；以旋转的方式连接至所述销(2)并相对于所述基板(15)可动的凸轮臂(3)；由所述臂(3)承载的接触元件(5)；连接至所述臂(3)以相对于所述皮带致动所述接触元件(5)的弹性元件(4)；由耐油的聚合物材料制成并将所述臂(3)轴向地支撑于所述基板(15)上的摩擦元件(16)；以及用于相对于所述基板(15)加载所述摩擦元件(16)的轴向弹性装置(24)，其中所述摩擦元件(16)径向地插入在所述弹性元件(4)和所述接触元件(5)之间。
2.如权利要求1所述的张紧器，其特征在于，所述臂(3)限定与所述第一轴线(A)同轴的座(21)；以及所述轴向弹性装置(24)容纳在所述座(21)内。
3.如权利要求2所述的张紧器，其特征在于，包括刚性地连接至所述销(2)以压缩所述轴向弹性装置(24)的张紧板(25)。
4.如权利要求3所述的张紧器，其特征在于，所述张紧板(25)限定间隙(28)以允许所述轴向弹性装置(24)的润滑。
5.如前述权利要求中任一所述的张紧器，其特征在于，所述轴向弹性装置(24)直接接触所述臂(3)。
6.如权利要求1所述的张紧器，其特征在于，所述接触元件(5)包括空心滑轮。
7.如权利要求1所述的张紧器，其特征在于，所述接触元件包括连接至所述臂(3)的底板。
8.如权利要求1所述的张紧器，其特征在于，所述摩擦元件(16)的材料包括石棉、氧化镁、石墨和粘土。
9.如权利要求8所述的张紧器，其特征在于，所述摩擦元件(16)的材料包括天然橡胶基的粘合剂。
10.如权利要求1所述的张紧器，其特征在于，所述臂(3)限定完全容纳所述弹性元件(4)的壳体(11)。
CN2005800501818A 2005-04-20 2005-04-20 用于在有油状态下运行的皮带传动装置的张紧器 Active CN101218453B (zh)

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EP1877683A1 (en) 2008-01-16
US20080287233A1 (en) 2008-11-20
CN101218453A (zh) 2008-07-09
JP4772865B2 (ja) 2011-09-14
DE602005027001D1 (de) 2011-04-28
EP1877683B1 (en) 2011-03-16
US20120040789A1 (en) 2012-02-16
US8690718B2 (en) 2014-04-08
WO2006111988A8 (en) 2007-05-31
ATE502233T1 (de) 2011-04-15
JP2008537079A (ja) 2008-09-11
WO2006111988A1 (en) 2006-10-26

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