CN101194077A - 吸声板 - Google Patents

吸声板 Download PDF

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CN101194077A
CN101194077A CNA2006800200783A CN200680020078A CN101194077A CN 101194077 A CN101194077 A CN 101194077A CN A2006800200783 A CNA2006800200783 A CN A2006800200783A CN 200680020078 A CN200680020078 A CN 200680020078A CN 101194077 A CN101194077 A CN 101194077A
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sound
acoustical board
hole
sound absorption
absorbing
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金永玉
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/86Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/072Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of specially adapted, structured or shaped covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/075Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of specially adapted, structured or shaped covering or lining elements for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise or impact
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B2001/742Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
    • E04B2001/748Honeycomb materials
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8414Sound-absorbing elements with non-planar face, e.g. curved, egg-crate shaped
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8423Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/8433Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling with holes in their face
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8423Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/8442Tray type elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2290/00Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
    • E04F2290/04Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire
    • E04F2290/041Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire against noise

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种吸声板,其中对吸收和偏移低频带声波的振动型吸声板的结构进行了修改,以改进吸声效果。吸声板包括:一下端开口的板体,在其下端形成一个向外伸出预定长度的肋;以及多个吸声孔,其限定在板体的上表面,并具有预定图形的剖面形状,每个吸声孔呈锥形向下,因此具有逐渐减小的内部空间,然后线性穿透,从而具有恒定大小的内部空间。

Description

吸声板
技术领域
[01]概括地说,本发明涉及一种吸声板,更具体地说,涉及一种吸声板,通过形成于其表面上的振动和吸声孔来修改其结构,以反射、吸收、偏移和消隐声音,从而改进吸声效果。
背景技术
[02]本领域中的人都知道,吸声表示这样的事实,当声波到达材料表面时,通过反射等将声波转换为材料的振动能或热能。
[03]过去,吸声技术仅应用于演出、剧场、播音室等。但是,如今吸声技术已应用于各种工业领域和各种高尚生活标准。此外,甚至对家用吸声材料的关注也正在增加。
[04]在本领域中,存在已经公开的吸声板,其使用诸如玻璃纤维或石棉等多孔材料,此类材料由各种树脂泡沫形成,当声波传入吸声板时,由于孔中存在的空气颗粒的粘性和空气颗粒与孔表面之间的摩擦,声波转换成热能。吸声板分为两种类型:板式振动型吸声板,其通过声音对着材料薄板入射时的板振动来吸收声音;以及共振型吸声板,其通过将空气引入预定的开口后空气前后振动来吸收声音。
[05]同时,在由多孔材料形成的吸声板的情况下,如果声音属于低频带,则吸声效率会极大地降低。然而,针对中频带和高频带的吸声效率是非常优异的。在共振型吸声板的情况下,对低频带声音的吸声效率非常优异。
[06]鉴于此,韩国专利申请第2004-64217号公开了“Sound-absorbing panel andsound-absorbing plate therefore”。在这一发明中,描述了一种吸声材料,通过该材料,将多个孔限定为具有简单的剖面形状,以利用共振型和多孔型吸声材料的特征。
[07]图4是说明传统吸声板的透视图。由于存在限定为穿过板体3的吸声孔31,如果声波入射到吸声板上,则会通过内部重复的漫反射和板体3的共振来吸收声波。
[08]但是,这种类型的吸声板具有缺陷,因为从板体上表面反射的声波量非常大,并且通过漫反射从吸声板中释放出的声波量也非常大,所以降低了吸声效率。
[09]此外,在该构造中,由于将吸声孔31限定为穿过多孔材料的表面,吸声板的表面变得非常粗糙。因此,如果空气中包含的大量颗粒累积在吸声板的多孔颗粒之间,吸声效率会进一步降低,并且这可能导致室内空间的二次污染。
[10]此外,由于以低声级和高声级的顺序偏移和消隐声音是标准,因此在上述情况下,最有效的方法是将吸声孔31限定为穿过由主要用于中间声级的玻璃纤维或石棉构成的板。然而,由于这些材料对人体非常有害,所以很难正确使用这些材料。
[11]因此,由于将吸声孔31限定在由用于高声级的树脂泡沫和无纺布构成的吸声板中,因此很难均匀地吸收属于广泛频带范围的声波。
发明内容
技术问题
[12]相应地,为了解决相关技术中出现的问题而提出了本发明,本发明的一个目的是提供一种具有优异吸声功能的吸声板。
[13]本发明的另一个目的是提供一种吸声板,其不使用对人体有害的玻璃纤维或石棉,因而是环保的。
[14]本发明的又一个目的是提供一种吸声板,其能够有效吸收来自多个方向的声波。
技术方案
[15]为了实现上述目的,根据本发明,提供了一种吸声板,其包括:一下端开口的板体,在其下端形成一个向外伸出预定长度的肋;以及多个吸声孔,其限定在板体的上表面,并具有预定图形的剖面形状,每个吸声孔呈锥形向下,因此具有逐渐减小的内部空间,然后线性穿透,从而具有恒定大小的内部空间。
附图说明
[16]在结合附图阅读以下的详细描述后,可以更清楚地了解本发明的上述目的和其他特点及优点,所附图形包括:
[17]图1是说明根据本发明的实施例的吸声板的透视图;
[18]图2是根据本发明的实施例的吸声板的局部剖视图;
[19]图3是说明根据本发明的实施例的吸声板的功能的概念图;以及
[20]图4是说明传统吸声板的透视图。
<元件符号对照表>
[21]1、3:板体      2、31:吸声孔
[22]11:肋          12:片材涂层
[23]21:锥形部分    22:非锥形部分
具体实施方式
[24]现参照附图中的示例更详细地说明本发明的优选实施例。只要可能,在整个附图和描述中将用同一参考编号表示相同或相似的部件。
[25]图1是说明根据本发明的实施例的吸声板的透视图,图2是根据本发明的实施例的吸声板的局部剖视图。根据本发明的实施例的吸声板包括:一下端开口的板体1,在其下端形成一个向外伸出预定长度的肋11;以及多个吸声孔2,其限定在板体1的上表面,并具有预定图形的剖面形状,每个吸声孔呈锥形向下,因此具有逐渐减小的内部空间,然后线性穿透,从而具有恒定大小的内部空间。根据本发明,可以将引入吸声孔2的声波偏移并消隐在吸声孔2中。
[26]与传统技术的简单吸声孔相比,根据本发明,由于将吸声孔2限定在喇叭剖面形状中,因此可以吸收更多的声波量,并且邻近板体1下端并由多孔树脂构成的吸声板与邻近的吸声孔2之间限定的空间中的振动和热能会偏移和消隐所吸收的声波。
[27]作为形成吸声板的材料,本发明使用防火ABS树脂。防火ABS树脂的形成机理是为ABS树脂提供自我防火性,使ABS树脂抗震和耐热,并且其外表美观,可用作机动车辆、头盔等的内部和外部材料。
[28]由于防火ABS树脂具有优异的抗拉和抗弯强度,并且可以使用细薄材料来生产刚性产品,因此防火ABS树脂适合用作吸声板材料。
[29]由于吸声板可以制造得很薄,除了吸声孔2的吸声效果外,还可以通过吸声板的振动实现优异的吸声效果,并确保吸声板的刚性。
[30]此外,在本发明中,吸声孔2具有一个上部锥形部件21,其沿向下方向逐渐缩小;以及一个下部非锥形部件22,其连接到上部锥形部件21的下端,并具有恒定的截面积。由于此事实,吸声板中反射和释放出来的声波可以最小化。此外,在制造中,当形成具有下端封闭的吸声孔2的吸声板之后,通过切割邻近吸声孔2的下端的吸声板,可以很容易地均匀限定吸声孔2。
[31]吸声孔2可具有规则正方形、规则八边形、规则三角形以及它们的组合形状。
[32]在附图中,将规则六边形吸声孔2限定为穿过吸声板。在规则六边形吸声孔2的情况下,由于具有六个声波反射表面,邻近吸声孔2之间的间隔得以最小化,因此通过漫反射获得了优异的衰减效率。
[33]此外,片材涂层12形成于吸声板的上表面,从而能够通过调整颜色和抛光级别实现美观效果。根据需要,可以使用各种图片和图形在吸声板上形成图案。
[34]图3是说明根据本发明的实施例的吸声板的功能的概念图。图3显示了引入吸声孔2的声波沿多个方向反射的情况。
[35]也就是说,由于引入吸声孔2的声波在吸声孔2之间限定的空间中通过多条反射路径漫反射,因此吸声板充当了共振器,其导致属于低频带的低音被板体1的振动能和摩擦能所偏移和消隐。
工业适用性
[36]从以上说明中可以明显看出,根据本发明的吸声板提供的优点在于,由于吸声板以薄板状形成,因此可以同时利用板的振动和共振来吸收声音,从而显著改进吸声板的吸声功能。
[37]此外,由于吸声板不使用对人体有害的玻璃纤维或石棉,因此可以实现环保。
[38]此外,由于吸声孔的存在,每个吸声孔都具有一个锥形部件,因此可以有效地吸收来自多个方向的声波。
[39]在附图和说明书中,已经公开了本发明的典型优选实施例,虽然采用了特定的术语,但是仅用于一般和说明意义,而不是用于限制所附权利要求书规定的发明范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种吸声板,包括:
一下端开口的板体(1),在其下端形成一个向外伸出预定长度的肋(11);以及
多个吸声孔(2),其限定在板体(1)的上表面,并具有预定图形的剖面形状,每个吸声孔(2)呈锥形向下,因此具有逐渐减小的内部空间,然后线性穿透,从而具有恒定大小的内部空间。
2.如权利要求1所述的吸声板,其中吸声孔(2)具有一个上部锥形部件(21),其沿向下方向逐渐变窄;以及一个下部非锥形部件(22),其连接到上部锥形部件(21)的下端,并具有恒定的截面积。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的吸声板,其中具有预定颜色和设计的片材涂层(12)形成于包含吸声孔(2)的吸声板(1)的上表面。
4.如权利要求1至3中任何一项所述的吸声板,其中吸声孔(2)具有规则六边形剖面形状。
5.如权利要求1至3中任何一项所述的吸声板,其中吸声孔(2)具有规则正方形剖面形状。
6.如权利要求1至3中任何一项所述的吸声板,其中吸声孔(2)具有规则八边形剖面形状。
CNA2006800200783A 2005-06-14 2006-06-07 吸声板 Pending CN101194077A (zh)

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US (1) US20090038883A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2008544119A (zh)
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WO (1) WO2006135164A1 (zh)

Cited By (14)

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CN103608529A (zh) * 2011-05-19 2014-02-26 耶爱科有限公司 吸音板
CN103778911A (zh) * 2014-01-25 2014-05-07 刘云江 防水吸声防火的隔音板
CN104428831A (zh) * 2012-07-04 2015-03-18 乐金华奥斯有限公司 提高吸声性能的吸声片及其制备方法
CN105913837A (zh) * 2016-04-15 2016-08-31 南京大学 一种超薄的施罗德散射体
CN106741211A (zh) * 2016-11-15 2017-05-31 成都陵川特种工业有限责任公司 一种有效降低汽车轮胎噪音的胎罩
CN106836538A (zh) * 2016-12-30 2017-06-13 常熟南师大发展研究院有限公司 一种建筑吸音板
CN107615375A (zh) * 2015-05-19 2018-01-19 株式会社神户制钢所 多孔板
CN108292498A (zh) * 2015-11-27 2018-07-17 株式会社神户制钢所 多孔吸音板
CN109300464A (zh) * 2018-11-12 2019-02-01 南京大学 一种渐变截面低频吸声体的设计方法
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