CN101129139B - 防治有害真菌的方法 - Google Patents
防治有害真菌的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having no bond to a nitrogen atom
- A01N47/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having no bond to a nitrogen atom containing >N—S—C≡(Hal)3 groups
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/50—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids the nitrogen atom being doubly bound to the carbon skeleton
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及防治有害真菌的方法,它包括用式Ia或Ib的肟醚羧酸酯化合物与式II或式III的邻苯二甲酰亚胺衍生物处理真菌或处理意欲防除有害真菌的植物、种子、土壤、区域、材料或空间。
Description
本申请是发明名称为杀真菌混合物的中国专利申请95194218.2号的分案申请,原案国际申请日1995年6月8日,国际申请号PCT/EP95/02210。
本发明涉及杀真菌混合物,它包含增效有效量的
a)式I的肟醚羧酸酯
和
b)选自下列化合物II和III的邻苯二甲酰亚胺
本发明还涉及使用化合物I(即Ia或Ib)和II的混合物或化合物I和III的混合物防治有害真菌的方法,以及化合物I、化合物II和化合物III用于生产这些混合物的用途。
式I化合物、其制备和对有害真菌的作用已公开于文献中(EP-A 253213)。
化合物II和III的邻苯二甲酰亚胺衍生物(US-A 2,553,770;2,553,771;2,553,776),其制备和对有害真菌的作用同样也是已知的。
本发明的目的,从降低施用量和改善已知化合物的作用谱来考虑,本发明提供在施用的活性成分总量降低的同时,对有害真菌具有改善的效果的混合物(增效混合物)。
因此我们发现了前面提到的混合物。我们还发现,同时一块或分别使用化合物I和化合物II或化合物III,或连续使用化合物I和化合物II或化合物III,比各化合物单独使用对有害真菌的防治效果要好。
由于C=X双键,式I化合物可以具有E或Z构形(相对于羧基)。因此,它们在本发明混合物中,可以各以纯E或纯Z异构体或以E/Z异构体混合物形式使用。对于化合物I,优选使用E/Z异构体混合物或E异构体,且特别优选使用E异构体。
在制备混合物时,优选采用纯的活性成分I和II或III,如果需要,混合物可以与防治有害真菌或其它有害生物如昆虫、蜱螨或线虫的另外的活性成分,或者与除草或调节植物生长的活性成分或化肥掺合。
化合物I和II或化合物I和III的混合物和同时一块或分别使用化合物I和II或化合物I和III,其优势在于对广泛的植物病原真菌,特别是对子囊菌纲和担子菌纲的真菌有优异的作用。它们有的有内吸活性,因此还可以用作叶面和土壤杀真菌剂。
它们特别可用于防治各种作物如棉花、蔬菜(例如黄瓜、豆和南瓜)、大麦、草、燕麦、咖啡、玉米、水果、稻、黑麦、大豆、葡萄、小麦、观赏植物、甘蔗和许多种子上的多种真菌。
它们特别适合于防治下列植物病原真菌:禾谷类上的禾白粉菌(Erysiphe graminis)、南瓜上的二孢白粉菌(Erysiphe cichoracearum)和苍耳单丝壳菌(Sphaerotheca fuliginea)、苹果上的苹果白粉病柄球菌(Podosphaera leucotricha)、禾谷类上的柄锈菌(Puccinia)、棉花和草坪上的丝核菌(Rhizoctonia)、禾谷类和甘蔗上的黑粉菌(Ustilago)、苹果上的苹果黑星菌(Venturia inaequalis)、禾谷类上的长蠕孢菌(Helminthosporium)、小麦上的颖枯病菌(Septoria nodorum)、草莓和葡萄上的灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinera)、花生上的花生尾孢菌(Cercospora arachidicola)、小麦和大麦上的眼斑病菌(Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides)、稻上的稻梨孢(Pyriculariaoryzae)、马铃薯和蕃茄上的致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans)、葡萄上的葡萄生单轴霉(Plasmopara viticola)、蔬菜和水果上的链格孢菌(Alternaria),以及镰刀菌(Fusarium)和轮枝孢菌(Verticillium)。
它们也可以用在材料的保护上(例如,木材保护),例如,防治宛氏拟青霉(Paecilomyces variotii)。
化合物I和II或I和III可以同时一起或分别、或连续使用,一般而言,分别使用的顺序不影响防治的效果。
化合物I和II或化合物I和III通常以重量比1∶1至1∶1000,优选1∶1至1∶500,特别优选1∶3至1∶300(I∶II或I∶III)使用。
根据所需的效果,本发明混合物的使用量为0.02至5kg/ha,优选0.05至3.5kg/ha,特别是0.1至3.5kg/ha。在这些情况下,化合物I的施用量是0.005至0.5kg/ha,优选0.01至0.5kg/ha,特别是0.01至0.3kg/ha。化合物II或化合物III的施用量相应的是0.1至5kg/ha,优选0.1至3.5kg/ha。
处理种子时,混合物的施用量通常是0.001至50g/kg种子,优选0.01至10g/kg,特别是0.01至5g/kg。
在意欲防治植物病原真菌时,通过向种子、植物或播种前或后或植物出芽前或后的土壤喷雾或喷粉,分别或联合施用化合物I和II或化合物I和III、或者化合物I和II或化合物I和III的混合物。
本发明的增效混合物或化合物I和II或化合物I和III,可以制备成(例如)可直接喷雾溶液、粉末和悬浮液形式,或高浓度水悬剂、油悬剂或其它悬浮剂、分散液、乳液、油分散液、膏剂、粉剂、撒施剂或颗粒剂,并可通过喷雾、弥雾、喷粉、撒施或浇泼使用。施用形式取决于使用的目的;在每一种情况下,应确保本发明混合物的分散尽可能的细微和均匀。
制剂以本身已知的方式生产,例如,添加溶剂和/或载体。惰性添加剂如乳化剂或分散剂通常用来与制剂混合。
适合的表面活性物质是芳族磺酸例如木素磺酸、苯酚磺酸、萘磺酸和二丁基萘磺酸的碱金属盐、碱土金属盐和铵盐,和脂肪酸、烷基磺酸和烷基芳基磺酸、烷基硫酸、月桂基醚硫酸和脂肪醇硫酸的碱金属盐、碱土金属盐和铵盐,以及硫酸化的十六-、十七-和十八烷醇或脂肪醇醚的盐,磺化萘和其与甲醛的衍生物的缩合产物,萘或萘磺酸与苯酚和甲醛的缩合产物,聚氧乙烯辛基酚醚、乙氧基化的异辛基-、辛基-或壬基酚、烷基苯酚或三丁基苯基聚乙二醇醚,烷基芳基聚醚醇、异十三烷基醇、脂肪醇环氧乙烷缩合物,乙氧基化蓖麻油,聚氧乙烯-或聚氧丙烯烷基醚月桂醇聚乙二醇醚乙酸酯、脱水山梨醇酯,木素亚硫酸盐废液或甲基纤维素。
粉剂、撒播和喷粉组合物可以通过将化合物I和II或化合物I和III或者将化合物I和II或化合物I和III的混合物与固体载体一起混合或研磨而制备。
颗粒剂(例如,涂敷、浸渍或均质颗粒剂)通常是通过将一或多种活性化合物粘结到固体载体上而制备。
可以使用的填料和固体载体的实例是矿石土如硅胶、硅酸、硅酸盐、滑石、高岭土、石灰石、石灰、白垩、红玄武土、黄土、陶土、白云石、硅藻土、硫酸钙和硫酸镁、氧化镁,塑料粉,和化肥如硫酸铵,磷酸铵,硝酸铵,尿素,和植物产物如面粉、树皮粉、木粉和坚果壳粉、纤维素粉,和其它固体载体。
制剂中通常含有0.1至95%(重量)、优选0.5至90%(重量)的化合物I和II或化合物I和III之一或化合物I和II或化合物I和III的混合物。为此目的所采用的活性成分纯度为90%至100%,优选95%至100%(根据NMR或HPLC谱)。
化合物I和II或者化合物I和III以及混合物或相应的制剂,是通过用杀真菌有效量混合物或化合物I和II或化合物I和III分别施用处理真菌或处理意欲防除有害真菌的植物、种子、土壤、区域、材料或空间来使用的。使用可以在真菌侵染前或后进行。
本发明混合物对有害真菌的增效效果的实施例
化合物和混合物的杀真菌作用由下列试验说明:
用70%(重量)的环己酮、20%(重量)的NekanilLN(LutensolAP6,基于乙氧基化烷基酚的具有乳化和分散作用的润湿剂)和10%(重量)的EmulphorEL(EmulanEL,基于乙氧基化脂肪醇的乳化剂)的混合物,将活性成分分别或一起制成浓度为20%的乳液,并用水稀释至所需浓度。
然后评价叶面积侵染情况,以百分率计。将这些数据转化成作用效果。活性成分混合物的预期的作用效果由Cloby公式确定〔R.S.Colby,《(杂草》(Weeds),15,20-22(1967)〕,并与观测到的作用效果相比较。
Colby公式:
E=X+Y-X×Y/100
E 预期的作用效果,用活性成分A和B以浓度m和n的混合物使用时,相对于未处理对照的防治%表示
X 作用效果,用活性成分A以浓度m使用时,相对于未处理对照的防治%表示
Y 作用效果,用活性成分B以浓度n使用时,相对于未处理对照的防治%表示
作用效果0是指处理的植物上的侵染与未处理的植物上的侵染相当;作用效果100是指处理的植物未显示侵染。
A.防治辣椒灰霉病(Botrytis cinera)试验
用活性成分制剂将品种为Neusiedler Ideal Eliter的生长至4到5叶的辣椒秧喷雾至喷雾液滴流。喷雾液层干燥后,将植物用灰霉病菌(Botrytiscihera)分生孢子悬浮液处理,并将试验植物在22-24℃和高湿度下放置5天。然后,通过目测评估叶片的侵染情况。
活性成分 | 施用量(ppm) | 作用效果 | 作用效果 |
观测值 | 计算值 | ||
-/- | -/- | 0 | |
Ia | 125 | 15 | |
III | 125 | 80 | |
Ia+III | 125+125 | 95 | 83 |
Claims (4)
2.按照权利要求1中所要求的方法,其中式Ia或Ib化合物和式II或式III化合物一起同时或分别同时或连续施用。
3.按照权利要求1中所要求的方法,其中有害真菌、其栖生地或意欲防除有害真菌的植物、种子、土壤、区域、材料或空间是用0.005至0.5kg/ha式Ia或Ib化合物处理的。
4.按照权利要求1中所要求的方法,其中有害真菌、其栖生地或意欲防除有害真菌的植物、种子、土壤、区域、材料或空间是用0.1至5kg/ha式II化合物或式III化合物处理的。
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EP0765118B1 (de) | 1998-04-22 |
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UA51626C2 (uk) | 2002-12-16 |
SK281658B6 (sk) | 2001-06-11 |
IL114126A0 (en) | 1995-10-31 |
WO1995035033A1 (de) | 1995-12-28 |
AU692273B2 (en) | 1998-06-04 |
DK0765118T3 (da) | 1998-10-07 |
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