CN101090870A - 利用电化学氧化的改进的cod减少方法 - Google Patents

利用电化学氧化的改进的cod减少方法 Download PDF

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CN101090870A
CN101090870A CNA2005800339062A CN200580033906A CN101090870A CN 101090870 A CN101090870 A CN 101090870A CN A2005800339062 A CNA2005800339062 A CN A2005800339062A CN 200580033906 A CN200580033906 A CN 200580033906A CN 101090870 A CN101090870 A CN 101090870A
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electrolyzer
anode
cod
analyse oxygen
anodic
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CN101090870B (zh
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Y·L·佩莱
D·C·G·格朗热
P·罗西
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Industrie de Nora SpA
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/467Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
    • C02F1/4672Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109Electrodes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46133Electrodes characterised by the material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46133Electrodes characterised by the material
    • C02F2001/46138Electrodes comprising a substrate and a coating
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/46104Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
    • C02F1/46109Electrodes
    • C02F2001/46133Electrodes characterised by the material
    • C02F2001/46138Electrodes comprising a substrate and a coating
    • C02F2001/46147Diamond coating
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105Details relating to the electrolytic devices
    • C02F2201/4612Controlling or monitoring
    • C02F2201/46125Electrical variables
    • C02F2201/4614Current
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/08Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种通过组合使用两种不同类的阳极以适宜的分配电流进行阳极氧化的废水COD处理工艺。第一类阳极优选基于金刚石掺杂的合成金刚石,第二类阳极是优选含有锡和锑的氧化物的具有高氧过电压的阳极。

Description

利用电化学氧化的改进的COD减少方法
在生物净化单元上游处理COD(化学需氧量)很高的废水是非常有挑战性的。因为这个原因,已经开始研究一些COD预处理的电化学技术。COD氧化可以在阳极上通过电解进行,所述阳极的特征在于高的析氧过电压或者相似的特定电催化性质。
其中包括锡和锑氧化物涂覆的电极,并且以下参考高氧过电压阳极的非限制性例子。这样的电极已经用于本领域中公知的普通电解槽,例如用于垂直流态的电解槽。在这样的电解槽中,被处理的溶液交替通过由网孔或海绵体组成的阳极和阴极。通过这种技术确实观察到某些废水的COD减少,然而这样的系统只与非常低的法拉第产率(faradic yield)相关,即使COD的减少低至约50%。
另一种具有比锡和锑的氧化物涂覆的阳极更高的氧过电压的电解是已知的,即掺杂硼的金刚石电极(BDD),它是由沉积在导电载体上的一层掺杂硼的金刚石组成的。这类电极的缺点是两方面,即它的成本和它的相对的脆性,为了使用它而需要特殊和昂贵的电解槽;另一方面,在析氧条件下它更高得多的电位导致大得多的COD减少率和更好的法拉第产率。可以推想,由于更高的电位,许多导致COD的分子通过它们的主链的分解而被降解。
本发明由同时串联或者并联使用至少两种类型的电极组成。基本原理是最高程度地利用更便利的和不太昂贵的元件,即锡和锑氧化物涂覆的阳极或者其它等同的电极(安装在传统的电化学板式或管式反应器中),并且较小程度地利用BDD电极(安装在它自己合适的电解槽中)来完成那些不能在锡和锑氧化物涂覆的阳极或等同物上进行的那部分反应。因为导致COD的分子中的一部分通过BDD阳极降解,因此在锡和锑氧化物涂覆的阳极上完成它们的氧化就变得更容易了,这已被实验观测所证实。对于每一种废水,必须决定在BDD和锡和锑氧化物涂覆的电极的两个氧化过程之间最适当的电流分配。理想的电流分配通常包含在55∶45和95∶5之间,这取决于废水的类型;这样的分配可以以一种十分简单的方式通过作用于各电解槽的所有阳极表面来获得(例如通过固定锡和锑氧化物涂覆的阳极与BDD所有阳极表面之间的比率为包含在55∶45和95∶5之间的一个值),但是其它的解决方法也是可能的。因为工厂不得不处理几种废水,建议这样的电流分配可通过已知的体系进行调节。
锡和锑氧化物基电极可根据各种各样的类型学进行构造,例如它可以作为陶瓷电极而得到,例如由任选与其它成分混合的两种氧化物的粉末烧结而成,或者它可能由一种金属例如钛或者阀金属(valve metal)的基体组成,涂覆有任选与少量的导电元素(例如铜)或具有期望的电化学性质的元素(例如铱)混合的锡和锑的氧化物以校准它的电位。原则上,涂覆有析氧催化剂(例如铱和钽氧化物的混合物)的钛阳极也可能被使用,然而析氧过电压在这种情况下变得太低并且应用本发明的电解槽产生较少的有利结果。
相对于典型脱脂槽的COD处理的结果在下文中被公开。在一RETEC型电解槽中安装涂覆有锡和锑氧化物的电极,在100小时的过程中COD减少一半并产生大约7%的平均法拉第产率。一旦上述电解槽配合一包含BDD电极的二级电解槽,在RETEC型电解槽中设定90%的电流并在装有BDD电极的电解槽中设定10%的电流,在大约100小时的过程中80%的COD被破坏并且平均法拉第产率大于24%。因此本方法会对COD的消除率有显著的提高,并具有更好的法拉第产率(更低的电能成本),同时限定在处理中以小百分比应用BDD以限制由使用BDD引起的资本投资。

Claims (8)

1、用于通过阳极氧化处理废水的COD的装置,包括装有用于析氧的第一类阳极的第一电解槽,所述第一电解槽与至少一个装有用于析氧的第二类阳极的第二电解槽串联或并联连接,所述第二类阳极具有比所述第一类阳极更高的析氧过电压。
2、如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述至少一个第二电解槽具有比所述第一电解槽低的总阳极表面。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的装置,其中所述至少一个第二电解槽的所述用于析氧的第二类阳极是掺杂硼的金刚石阳极。
4、如任一在前权利要求所述的装置,其中所述第一电解槽的所述用于析氧的第一类阳极包含锡和锑的氧化物。
5、如权利要求2所述的装置,其中所述第一电解槽的活性表面和所述至少一个第二电解槽的活性表面之间的比例包含在55∶45和95∶5之间。
6、如任一在前权利要求所述的装置,其中供给所述第一电解槽和供给所述至少一个第二电解槽的电流的比例是可调节的。
7、废水COD处理方法,包括在任一在前权利要求的装置中进行阳极氧化过程。
8、如权利要求7所述的方法,其中供给所述第一电解槽和供给所述至少一个第二电解槽的电流的比例包含在55∶45和95∶5之间。
CN2005800339062A 2004-10-18 2005-10-18 利用电化学氧化的改进的cod减少方法 Active CN101090870B (zh)

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IT001974A ITMI20041974A1 (it) 2004-10-18 2004-10-18 Miglioramento del processo di abbattimento del cod per ossidazione elettrochimica
ITMI2004A001974 2004-10-18
PCT/EP2005/011197 WO2006042741A1 (en) 2004-10-18 2005-10-18 Improved cod abatement process for electrochemical oxidation

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CN103282551A (zh) * 2010-10-14 2013-09-04 六号元素有限公司 用于反应器的双极电解槽
CN112830555A (zh) * 2021-01-05 2021-05-25 北京化工大学 一种双电位阳极电解装置及方法

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CN102947228A (zh) * 2010-03-31 2013-02-27 卡里欧帕股份公司 电解槽以及用于通过电解产生电化学活化的溶液的装置和方法
CN103058329A (zh) * 2012-12-04 2013-04-24 江苏丰山集团有限公司 一种金刚石膜电极处理氟乐灵农药废水的方法
CN113840647B (zh) * 2019-05-13 2024-03-01 安克信水技术公司 用于废水的有效且可持续的电化学处理的方法和系统

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CN103282551B (zh) * 2010-10-14 2017-03-22 六号元素技术有限公司 用于反应器的双极电解槽
CN112830555A (zh) * 2021-01-05 2021-05-25 北京化工大学 一种双电位阳极电解装置及方法

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EP1807357A1 (en) 2007-07-18
AU2005296759B2 (en) 2010-02-25
ZA200703511B (en) 2008-10-29
ITMI20041974A1 (it) 2005-01-18
KR20070083721A (ko) 2007-08-24
BRPI0517080B1 (pt) 2016-04-26
MX2007004562A (es) 2007-08-14
EP1807357B1 (en) 2011-11-30
CN101090870B (zh) 2013-05-08
KR101214824B1 (ko) 2012-12-24
RU2393997C2 (ru) 2010-07-10
WO2006042741A1 (en) 2006-04-27
RU2007118489A (ru) 2008-11-27
US20080087552A1 (en) 2008-04-17
US10144659B2 (en) 2018-12-04
JP4782793B2 (ja) 2011-09-28
AU2005296759A1 (en) 2006-04-27
BRPI0517080A (pt) 2008-09-30
JP2008516762A (ja) 2008-05-22
ATE535499T1 (de) 2011-12-15

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