CN101056756A - 用于生产可灌入食品的密封包装的密封装置 - Google Patents

用于生产可灌入食品的密封包装的密封装置 Download PDF

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CN101056756A
CN101056756A CNA2005800379746A CN200580037974A CN101056756A CN 101056756 A CN101056756 A CN 101056756A CN A2005800379746 A CNA2005800379746 A CN A2005800379746A CN 200580037974 A CN200580037974 A CN 200580037974A CN 101056756 A CN101056756 A CN 101056756A
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pawl
sealing device
packaging material
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CN100575056C (zh
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V·内姆科夫
N·马德扎罗夫
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Tetra Laval Holdings and Finance SA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/30Electrical means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4322Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/822Transmission mechanisms
    • B29C66/8226Cam mechanisms; Wedges; Eccentric mechanisms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8351Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws
    • B29C66/83531Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws jaws mounted on chains
    • B29C66/83533Cooperating jaws mounted on cooperating chains and moving in a closed path
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/849Packaging machines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/26Devices specially adapted for producing transverse or longitudinal seams in webs or tubes
    • B65B51/30Devices, e.g. jaws, for applying pressure and heat, e.g. for subdividing filled tubes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
    • B29C66/72328Paper
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7234General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7162Boxes, cartons, cases
    • B29L2031/7166Cartons of the fruit juice or milk type, i.e. containers of polygonal cross sections formed by folding blanks into a tubular body with end-closing or contents-supporting elements, e.g. gable type containers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/14Inductive couplings
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S53/00Package making
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Abstract

描述了一种用于由片状包装材料生产填充有可灌入食品的密封包装(2)的密封装置(1),该密封装置(1)包括:支撑框架(6);可沿给定路径(P2)相对框架(6)移动以便将片状包装材料折叠成给定形状的成形装置(12,13,33);由成形装置(12,13,33)携载以便密封片状包装材料并形成包装(2)的密封装置(29);以及用于向密封装置(29)供应电能的电磁动力装置(50),该动力装置(50)包括固定到框架(6)并可连接到电能源上的至少一个初级绕组(56)以及次级绕组(63),次级绕组(63)可沿上述路径(P2)移动,为密封装置(29)提供动力,并随着次级绕组行进过初级绕组(56)通过电磁感应从初级绕组(56)接收电能;当通过电磁感应互连时,初级绕组(56)和次级绕组(63)配置成具有在与成形装置(12,13,33)的路径(P2)横向的第一方向(B)上居于中间的相应相邻部分(59,67)。

Description

用于生产可灌入食品的密封包装的密封装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于生产可灌入食品的密封包装的密封装置。
背景技术
如所公知的,许多可灌入食品,例如果汁、巴氏灭菌或UHT(超高温处理)牛奶、酒、番茄汁等,以灭菌包装材料制成的包装进行销售。
这种类型的包装的典型例子是用于被称作Tetra Brik Aseptic(注册商标)的液体或可灌入食品的平行六面体形包装,该包装通过折叠并密封叠层条状包装材料制成。
包装材料通常具有包括两侧覆盖有热密封塑料材料层(例如聚乙烯)的纤维材料层(例如纸)的多层结构。
在用于长期储存产品(例如UHT牛奶)的无菌包装的情况下,包装材料包括阻挡材料层,例如铝片或EVOH,其叠合在热密封塑料材料层上,并且转而覆盖有最终形成与食品接触的包装内面的另一个热密封塑料材料层。
如所公知的,这类包装在例如全自动包装机上进行生产,在包装机上由卷筒状供给(web-fed)的包装材料形成连续的管。更具体地,包装材料卷筒从卷轴展开并供给通过包装机上的无菌腔,在此处进行杀菌,例如通过涂敷杀菌剂(例如过氧化氢),随后通过加热使杀菌剂蒸发,和/或使包装材料经受适当波长以及强度的辐射;并且将灭菌的卷筒保持在封闭、无菌的环境内,并且以公知方式折叠成柱体并纵向密封以形成连续的管。
实际上形成无菌腔外延部分的包装材料管在竖直方向上供给,并填充灭菌或无菌处理的食品,并供给通过密封装置以便形成单个的包装。也就是,在密封装置内部,管在许多等间隔截面处进行密封以便形成由相应横向密封带(即垂直于管的行进方向延伸)彼此连接的枕状包的连续条。通过切割相对横向的密封带分离枕状包,并运送到折叠工站,在此对它们进行机械折叠以便形成相应的成品平行六面体形包装。
如例如欧洲专利EP-B-0887265中所描述的,包装机是公知的,其包括限定相应循环路径并安装有相应数量的密封爪的两个链条输送器。这两个路径具有基本面对并彼此平行的相应支路,并且包装材料管在其间供给,使得一个输送器上的爪与另一个输送器上的对应爪沿相应路径的所述支路协作,以便在多个连续截面夹紧该管并且密封以及切割包装。
包装机公知仅包括两对爪,其交替作用在包装材料管上以便沿多个等间隔截面对其进行夹紧和密封(例如热密封)。
随着密封操作完成,激活例如由各对中的一个爪携载并与包装材料管相互作用的切割器以便沿刚密封的截面的中心线对其进行切割,并因而从包装材料管的底端分离出枕状包。横向密封的底端,相对爪到达底部死点位置后可以打开以避免与管的顶部干扰。与此同时,精确以相同方式操作的另一对爪从顶部死点位置向下移动,并重复以上的抓紧/成形、密封以及切割过程。
作为备选方案,包装材料可以切割成坯材,坯材在成形锭上形成包装,并且形成的包装填充食品并密封。这种包装的实例是公知为商品名Tetra Rex(注册商标)的所谓“山形盖顶”(gable-top)包装。
更具体地,包装材料的连续片供给到机器并且折叠成叠合并密封相对边缘,以便形成两端开放的相应的基本管状或套筒形坯材。
管状坯材供给到可沿给定路径移动的相应成形锭上;特别是,锭通常是输送器的部件,在其上进行折叠以及密封操作。
更准确地,管状坯材在一端进行密封、填充可灌入食品并随后在相对端进行密封以便形成成品包装。
在上述类型的包装机中,通过在两个压力件之间夹紧包装材料并对由一个压力件所携载的加热装置供应能量来进行密封操作,以便获得夹紧在压力件之间的热密封塑料材料层的局部熔化。
在爪型包装机的情况下,压力件由作用在包装材料管上的成对的爪限定,而在锭型包装机的情况下,要密封的那部分包装材料以便夹在相对锭的一端和可朝向和远离该锭移动的加热件之间。
当要形成的包装是具有导电材料层(通常是铝)作为阻挡材料的无菌型时,通常通过在铝层内引入损耗电流进行密封操作,以便局部熔化热密封塑料材料。
更具体地,包装材料夹在其间的两个压力件中的一个压力件包括由非导电材料制成的主体,以及收容在主体上的前座内的感应器;而另一个压力件具有由挠性材料(例如橡胶)制成的压力垫。
当压力件对夹紧包装材料时为感应器提供动力以便通过热密封塑料覆盖材料密封其截面。
在包装不具有铝层或其它导电材料层的情况下,例如具有EVOH阻挡层的包装,通常使用热棒来局部加热包装材料内部对包装材料的截面进行密封。
更具体地,包装材料夹在其间的两个压力件中的一个压力件装有热棒,而另一个压力件通常装有一个或多个挠性材料的压力垫。所描述的所谓“热棒”密封方法要求热棒和包装材料之间相对延长的接触。
为了加速包装材料的局部熔化,并因而增加包装生产速度,广泛使用超声密封装置。这些装置基本上包括安在相应的压力件对上并相互协作以便通过超声振动加热包装材料的机械振动发生器或者声接触装置,以及例如EP-B-615907中所描述的砧。
在所有上述解决方案中,可利用相对爪或旋转输送器移动的加热或密封装置必须由位于沿加热装置路径的预定点的固定电源电力推动。换句话说,电能必须从固定源传递到可沿用户装置路径的一部分移动的用户装置。
这种情况基本上可以使用两种公知方法完成,然而每一种方法都具有缺点和局限性。
在第一种方法中,安装有加热装置的压力件还安装有优选由碳制成的刷,并且沿其行进路线的预定部分刷沿固定到包装机框架的相应铜动力条(power bar)滑动。
刷的快速磨损以及刷和动力条之间的不稳定接触是这种方法的主要缺陷,此外随着包装机的输出率增加这种缺陷趋向于变得更坏。
为了消除这些缺陷,在过去几年里,已经对这种方法进行了完善,由此通过电磁感应将电能从固定源传递到可移动的用户装置。在专利申请WO00/64662中描述了适用到链条型包装机的这种方法的一个实例,并且在专利EP-B-0732190中描述了适用于以仅一对爪为特色的包装机的类似实例。
在这两种情况下,电能从固定到包装机框架上的发射单元传递到安在相对爪对中的一个爪上的接收单元。
发射单元具有安装有连接到电能源的初级绕组的固定磁芯,并且接收单元具有与相对爪主体一体形成并安装有连接到加热装置的次级绕组的可移动磁芯。随着接收单元行进过发射单元,在次级绕组感应出电流以便为加热装置提供动力。
在接收单元和发射单元之间不存在接触,上述方法解决了磨损问题。
另一方面,通过以上文件中描述的感应的电能传递系统是低效的,并且对发射单元芯和接收单元芯之间的空气间隙变化高度敏感。由于空气间隙的尺寸取决于包装机组成部件的不可避免的连接公差,上述文件中描述的解决方案目前不能确保采用的能量传递系统的必要可靠性。
专利申请WO00/64662特别对固定芯和可移动芯采用了对置E配置。更具体的,各芯包括条状部分,三个平行支路从其垂直延伸并在使用时面对另一芯的对应支路。
申请人对发射单元以及接收单元的这种类型的芯配置进行的测试显示随着固定芯和可移动芯之间的空气间隙较小增加,磁通量分散和磁化电流可观增加。
在图7和图8中,曲线W3和M3显示了对于固定芯和可活动芯的对置E配置,表观功率和磁化电流随着在芯之间的空气间隙增加。如所看到的,曲线的特征在于相对高的表观功率以及磁化电流值,并且急剧倾斜,因而证明WO00/64662解决方案对固定芯和可移动芯之间的空气间隙变化异常敏感。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于生产可灌入食品的密封包装的密封装置,该装置设计为以直接、低成本的方式消除通常与公知密封装置相关联的上述缺陷,并且特别采用对固定发射部分和可移动接收部分之间的空气间隙不敏感的高效电磁电能传递系统。
根据本发明,提供可一种如权利要求1所要求保护的用于生产可灌入食品的密封包装的密封装置。
附图说明
将参照附图描述本发明优选的非限制性实施例作为实例,其中:
图1显示了根据本发明教导内容的密封装置的透视图,为了清晰移除了一些部件;
图2显示图1的密封装置的示意性侧视图;
图3显示图1的密封装置的部分的透视放大图;
图4是显示图3中的细节的透视放大图;
图5显示了沿图4的线V-V的放大截面;
图6显示了与图5相同的图4的细节的变形的截面;
图7和图8显示了根据本发明的教导内容的密封装置和公知密封装置的特性数的对比曲线图。
具体实施方式
图1和图2中的数字1以整体形式标识用于从包装材料管3连续生产可灌入食品(例如巴氏灭菌或UHT牛奶、果汁、酒等)的密封包装2的密封装置。
管3从装置1的上游通过纵向折叠并密封热密封片材卷筒以公知方式形成,并填充灭菌或无菌处理的食品以便进行包装。
装置1包括由两个侧壁7a、7b和由刚性固定在侧壁7a、7b之间以便与侧壁7a、7b一起限定腔9的两个平行横向壁8a、8b限定的框架6(图1和图3),以及由框架6支撑并具有相应爪12、13(在图1中仅显示了其中一对)的两个链条输送器10、11,相应爪12、13彼此协作以便与沿经腔9的竖直路径A供给的包装材料管3相互作用。
特别参照图2,输送器10、11限定相应循环路径P、Q,爪12、13沿其供给,并在框架6的相应壁8a、8b附近延伸。
输送器10包括沿路径P延伸的铰接链15;以及在路径P的底端与链15两侧啮合的两个传动轮16。爪12是链15的一体部件,并限定交替连杆(link),并且通过成对的杆17以铰接方式彼此连接。
更具体的,各爪12(图1-图3)包括在垂直路径A以及侧壁7a、7b的方向B上延长并具有相应端部放大21、22的主体20,从各端部放大21、22突出具有间隔开并平行于方向B的轴C、D的第一销和第二销23、24。杆17枢轴安装在爪12的销23、24上以便将一个爪12的销23连接到相邻爪12的销24上。
通过相同的方式,输送器11(图1和图2)包括沿路径Q延伸的铰接链25;以及在路径Q的底端与链25啮合的两个传动轮26。链25由以铰接方式彼此连接的多个爪13限定,并且仅对它们与爪12的不同并清楚理解本发明所需要的之处进行详细描述。使用相同的附图标记来标识与所描述的爪12的部件一致或对应的爪13的部件。简要说来,各爪13包括具有成对的尾销23、24的主体20,在其上枢轴安装有连接爪13的相邻对的杆17。
各爪12(图1到图3)包括安装到主体20上、平行于方向B并在所述实例中由如下文详细描述的电力推动的感应器限定的加热件29。
作为备选方案,各爪12可收容不同类型的加热件,例如用于超声密封的电力推动的超声焊极(sonotrode)。
代替加热件29,各爪13包括与对应的爪12的加热件29协作的压力棒32,以便夹紧管3(图2)的截面,并在前面具有一个或多个相对挠性的弹性材料带。
爪12和13(图1和图3)还包括用于在密封包装时控制包装2的体积的相应装置33。例如通过EP-B-0887265公知并且因而不详细描述的各装置33基本包括半壳(half-shell)34,该半壳34绕平行于轴C、D的轴线由两个与半壳34一体形成的两个支架绞接到主体20上。
如图1所示,各半壳34在前面与互补半壳34协作以便形成基本上平行六面体形腔以便收容正形成的包装2。各装置33还包括闲置(idly)安装到支架上的凸轮推杆滚柱36,该支架转而一体安装到相对半壳34的背面。
爪12和13的凸轮推杆滚柱36与安装到框架6的壁8a和8b上的相应凸轮38协作,并且在图1中仅与输送器11相关联的一个凸轮可见。
爪12和13的移动由安装到框架6的壁8a、8b上并与安装到爪12和13的端部放大21、22上的相应成对凸轮推杆滚柱42、43协作的相应成对凸轮40、41控制。各对中的滚柱42、43分别与销24、23共轴,并且彼此偏轴以便分别与相应凸轮40、41协作。
更具体的,壁8a(图1和图2)安装有与爪12上的相应成对滚柱42、43协作的两对凸轮40、41;并且类似地,壁8b安装有与爪13上的相应成对滚柱42、43协作的两对凸轮40、41。
凸轮40、41具有在相应壁8a、8b的顶部边缘附近延伸的基本U形的相应部分40a、41a以便为输送器10、11的相应链15、25限定与相应传动轮16和26相对的返回部分;以及在腔9内部沿相应壁8a、8b延伸的相应部分40b、41b。部分40a、41a限定两个路径P、Q的部分P1、Q1,爪12和13沿部分P1、Q1彼此朝向移动并与碰到包装材料管3;而部分40b、41b限定两个路径P、Q的面对的基本平行的部分P2、Q2,爪12和13在压力作用下沿部分P2、Q2保持接触以便在相应的基本平的横向密封带44形成界定包装2的封口。因而,形成包括由密封带44彼此连接的多个平行六面体形容器部分45的连续条状物,密封带44沿路径P或者从装置1向下游切割以形成包装2。
凸轮40、41在相应传动轮16、26的输出位置在路径P、Q的相应部分P3,Q3释放相对链。
沿部分P3,Q3,链15、25与用于保持链15、25充分张紧的相应成对张紧件46协作以便确保爪12、13的滚柱42、43和相对凸轮40、41之间的接触。
如图2中清楚看到的,路径P、Q和A仅在部分P2,Q2彼此平行。
特别参照图3、图4、图5,装置1还包括用于沿路径P的部分P2向各爪12的加热件29提供电能的电磁动力组件50。
动力组件50基本包括连接到固定电能源(未图示)并一体安装到框架6上的发射装置51;以及固定到爪12上并通过随着爪12行进过发射装置51而来自发射装置51的电磁感应接收电能的接收装置52。
更具体的,发射装置51包括在腔9内部固定到相应壁7a、7b并在爪12的路径A和路径P的部分P2的相对侧面上对称延伸的两个分开的面对发射单元53。
更具体的,各发射单元53在平行于路径A和路径P的部分P2的方向延长,并且基本包括塑料材料的支架54、固定磁芯55以及连接到固定电能源的优选铜的初级绕组56。
固定芯55由在路径A的方向上延长、固定到支架54上,并从支架54向腔9内侧突出的矩形板限定。
固定芯55由磁电(magnerodielectric)材料制成,并包括平行六面体形的基底部分58,多个(在所示实例中为四个)平行突起58在方向B上朝爪12(图5)突出。
初级绕组56包括固定到固定芯55的相应中心突起58并突出的两个细长导电板59,以便形成突起58在腔9内侧的外延。
接收装置52包括交替固定到相应爪12的放大21、22上的两串接收单元60,并且与相应发射单元53相互作用。
各接收单元60(图3和图4)从相对爪12的相对放大21、22突出,并基本包括支架61、可移动磁芯62以及优选铜的次级绕组63,其随着接收单元60行进过相对发射单元53通过电磁感应从初级绕组56接收电能。
在所示的实例中,可移动芯62由优选由铁素体制成、从相对爪12的相对放大21、22向框架6的相对壁7a、7b突出并在垂直于路径A并垂直路径P的部分P2的平面内具有优选E形截面的主体限定。
更具体的,可移动芯62包括矩形板形式的基座部分64,三个平行突起65在方向B上从基座部分64朝相对侧壁7a、7b(图5)突出。
在所示实例中,次级绕组63包括具有端部部分67的板状导体66,端部部分67被缠绕以形成绕可移动芯62的中心突起65的一圈;以及将端部部分67连接到加热件29的细长部分68。
有利的是,当发射装置和接收装置51、52由电磁感应互连时,即沿路径P的部分P2时,各接收单元60和相对发射单元53配置成使得初级绕组56的导电板59和次级绕组63的端部部分67在方向B上居于中间(interjacent)。换句话说,沿路径P的部分P2,各初级绕组56的导电板59在垂直于路径P的部分P2、垂直于路径A、垂直于方向B并因而垂直于框架6的壁8a、8b的方向E上面对相对次级绕组63的端部部分67的相对侧。
当发射装置和接收装置51、52通过电磁感应互连时,各发射单元53和相对接收单元60的固定和可移动芯55、62优选也在方向B上位于中间,即一个芯55、62的突起58、65收容在由另一个芯62、55的突起65、58界定的响应腔内。
图6的数字53’整体标识根据本发明的教导内容的发射单元的变型,并且下文仅描述其与发射单元53不同的之处。在可能时使用相同的附图标记标识与已经描述发射单元53的部件对应或等同的发射单元53’的所有部件。
发射单元53’与发射单元53的完全不同之处在于:包括不具有突起的矩形板形式的固定磁芯55’,并且从其上突出两个与导电板59一致的导电板59’。
在这种情况下,当发射装置和接收装置51、52通过电磁感应互连,初级绕组56和次级绕组63在方向B上居于中间(即一个初级绕组56的导电板59’在方向E上面向相对次级绕组63的端部部分67的相对侧),但固定芯55’和可移动芯62不是这样。
图7和图8显示了两个分别采用固定芯55、55’和可移动芯62的图5和图6配置的密封装置1以及采用如专利申请WO00/64662中所描述的固定和可移动芯的公知对置E配置的密封装置的特性数的对比测试曲线图。
更具体的,图7的曲线图显示了作为各密封装置的固定芯以及可移动芯之间的空气间隙G的函数的磁化电流M。如可以看到的,根据本发明的密封装置1的磁化电流M(分别是图5和图6配置的曲线M1和M2)比采用固定芯和可移动芯的对置E配置的公知密封装置(曲线M3)保持得更低。
此外,随着空气间隙G增加,密封装置1的图5配置的磁化电流M或多或少地保持恒定(M1),密封装置1的图6配置略微增加(M2),而采用固定芯和可移动芯的对置E配置的公知密封装置急剧增加(M3)。
类似的,图8的曲线图显示了作为各密封装置的固定芯和可移动芯之间的空气间隙G的函数的表观功率WA。如可以看到的,根据本发明的密封装置1的表观功率WA(分别是图5和图6配置的曲线W1和W2)比采用固定芯和可移动芯(曲线W3)的对置E配置的公知密封装置保持得更低。
此外,随着空气间隙G增加,密封装置1的图5配置的表观功率WA或多或少地保持恒定(W1),密封装置1的图6配置略微增加(W2),而采用固定芯和可移动芯的对置E配置的公知密封装置急剧增加(W3)。
简而言之,图7和图8的曲线图显示了密封装置1的图5配置的特征在于较低的表观功率WA值,以便更有效地传递电能,并对固定芯55和可移动芯62之间的空气间隙的尺寸变化更不敏感。尽管仍对固定芯55’和可移动芯62之间的空气间隙的尺寸变化敏感,但图6配置在电能传递和低表观功率WA方面仍远优于采用固定芯和可移动芯的对置E配置的公知解决方案。
密封装置1以如下方式操作。
如图2中的箭头所指示的,两个输送器10、11在相反方向上旋转,使得相应爪12和13从路径P,Q的相应部分P1,Q1的端部并沿相应部分P2,Q2以由凸轮40、41的外形决定运动定律与包装材料管3协作。
现在将参照输送器10的一个爪12和输送器11的对应爪13更详细地描述操作循环;所有的爪12和13明显以取决于输出率的时间间隔执行相同的循环。
沿部分P1和Q1,爪12和13合到一起以便在横向带44逐渐变形并最后“展平”管3。
在部分P1,Q1的端部,激活用于控制包装2的体积的装置33;并且爪12和13的半壳34从前面合到一起,以便限定平行六面体形腔,该平行六面体形腔限定正在形成的包装2的容器部分45的体积。
沿路径P,Q的相应部分P2,Q2,爪12和13牢固地夹在管3上;在该阶段,爪12的接收单元60行进过相对发射单元53并在方向B上与其啮合。
更具体的,取决于固定芯(55或55’)的设计,接收单元60相对于相对发射单元53定位成图5和图6所示的一种配置。在两种情况下,随着爪12沿路径P的部分P2行进,由初级绕组56在相对接收单元60的次级绕组63内感应出电流,以便电力推动加热件29,加热件29密封形成带44的包装材料的叠合部分。
随着接收单元60在路径P的部分P2的端部脱离相对发射单元53,停止在次级绕组63感应电流;在该点处,爪12和13释放新形成的密封带44并从包装条2收回。
明显的,可以对本申请所描述的密封装置1进行改变,然而不会脱离如所附权利要求限定的本发明的范围。
特别是,装置1可以以轮流作用在包装材料的管3上的一对或两对爪12、13为特征。
此外,固定芯和可移动芯55、55’、62的设计可以颠倒,并且它们中的一个甚至可以仅包括两个突起,即在垂直于路径A的平面内的截面为C形。
而且,接收单元沿其移动的路径还可以具有曲线或圆周形状;更具体的,可以在如本发明的介绍部分中所描述的锭型成形单元中有利地实施所要求保护的密封装置,其中对于各坯材,具有接收单元的加热元件沿给定路径移动,并且当行径过相对固定的发射单元时,通过感应电流电力推动。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于由片状包装材料生产填充有可灌入食品的密封包装(2)的密封装置(1),所述密封装置(1)包括:
支撑框架(6);
可相对所述框架(6)沿给定路径(P2)移动以便将所述片状包装材料折叠成给定形状的成形装置(12,13,33);
由所述成形装置(12,13,33)携载以便密封所述片状包装材料并形成所述包装(2)的密封装置(29);以及
用于向所述密封装置(29)供应电能的电磁动力装置(50),所述动力装置(50)包括固定到所述框架(6)并可连接到电能源上的至少一个初级绕组(56)以及次级绕组(63),所述次级绕组(63)可沿所述路径(P2)移动,为所述密封装置(29)提供动力,并随着所述次级绕组横过所述初级绕组(56)通过电磁感应从所述初级绕组(56)接收电能;
其特征在于:当通过电磁感应互连时,所述初级绕组(56)和所述次级绕组(63)配置成具有在与所述路径(P2)横向的第一方向(B)上居于中间的相应相邻部分(59,67)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于:所述初级绕组和所述次级绕组(56,63)分别由紧固到所述框架(6)上的固定磁芯(55,55’)以及可与所述密封装置(29)联合移位的可移动磁芯(62)携载;所述芯(55,55’;62)的至少一个芯(62)具有当所述初级绕组和所述次级绕组(56,63)通过感应互连时在所述第一方向(B)上朝另一个芯(55,55’)突出的至少两个突起(65);当所述初级绕组和所述次级绕组(56,63)通过感应互连时,所述初级绕组和所述次级绕组(56,63)的所述相邻部分(59,67)在垂直于所述第一方向(B)和所述路径(P2)的第二方向(E)上彼此面对。
3.根据权利要求2所述的装置,其特征在于:所述芯(55,55’;62)的所述至少一个芯(62)在垂直于所述路径(P2)的平面内的截面是E形的。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的装置,其特征在于:所述芯(55’)的另一个芯是板形的,并且所述初级绕组和所述次级绕组(56,63)的所述相邻部分(59,67)的一个相邻部分(67)由所述芯(55’;62)的所述至少一个芯(62)的突起(65)中的一个携载,同时另一个所述相邻部分(59)从所述芯(55’)的另一个芯突出。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的装置,其特征在于:当通过电磁感应互连时,所述固定芯和所述可移动芯(55,62)在所述第一方向(B)居于中间。
6.根据权利要求5所述的装置,其特征在于:所述固定芯和所述可移动芯(55,62)均具有突起(58,65);并且当通过电磁感应互连时,所述芯(62、55)的一个芯的所述突起(65)收容在由所述另一个芯(55,62)的突起(58)界定的相应间隙内。
7.如上述权利要求任意一项所述的装置,所述装置用于由片状包装材料管(3)产生密封包装(2)并继续填充可灌入食品,所述装材料管(3)沿平行于所述成形装置(12,13,33)的所述路径(P2)的给料路径(A)供给,其特征在于:所述成形装置包括可相对所述框架(6)移动的至少一对相对爪(12、13)以便在等间隔截面牢固夹紧所述包装材料管(3),所述密封装置(29)由所述爪(12、13)的第一爪(12)携载,并且所述次级绕组(63)也由所述第一爪(12)携载。
8.根据权利要求7所述的装置,其特征在于:包括具有多个第一爪(12)并限定所述第一爪(12)沿其行进的第一循环路径(P)的第一输送器(10);以及具有多个第二爪(13)并限定所述第二爪(13)延其行进的第二循环路径(Q)的第二输送器(11);所述第一路径和所述第二路径(P,Q)包括与所述包装材料管(3)的所述路径(A)相邻并在所述管路径(A)的相对侧面上基本对称延伸的相应工作部分(P1,P2;Q1,Q2),使得所述第一爪(12)与相应的所述第二爪(13)协作以便在相应截面牢固夹紧并密封所述管(3)。
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