CN101019497A - Ginseng fruit tree cultivating process - Google Patents

Abstract

The ginseng fruit tree cultivating process includes grafting ginseng fruit tree to Porto rico solanum to form arborescent ginseng fruit tree. The present invention can expand the planting space of ginseng fruit tree, realize the large scale production of ginseng fruit, raise the disease resistance of ginseng fruit tree and lay the foundation for producing green ginseng fruit.

Description

A kind of naseberry's breeding method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the breeding method of a planting fruit-trees, specifically, relate to a kind of naseberry's breeding method; use this method can be to the plant of Solanaceae dungarunga with the Fruit of Panax ginseng grafting; make it become the naseberry, thereby realize the large-scale planting of Fruit of Panax ginseng, belong to technical field of gardening.

Background technology

Fruit of Panax ginseng is a Solanaceae herbaceous plant for many years, the abundant succulence of pulp, crisp and refreshing as pears, simple and elegant delicate fragrance, not sour not puckery, unique flavor is a kind of convenient, healthy, nutrition, safety, the high nutrition of back to nature, natural green Dietotherapy health food low in calories, have the title in " human world celestial fruit ", be subjected to people's welcome deeply and like.Ginseng fruit nutrient is worth high, high protein, low sugar, low fat, six big nutrients of rich vitamins C and needed by human also contain 19 seed amino acids, and contain tens kinds of mineral matter and trace elements useful to health such as Vc1, Vb6, calcium, magnesium, selenium, molybdenum.Therefore Fruit of Panax ginseng anticancer, anti-ageing, hypotensive, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory arranged, replenish the calcium, function such as beauty treatment, it is edible not only to can be used as fruit, also can cook, fry, explode, mix, cook soup etc. as vegetables, refrigerant tasty and refreshing, unique flavor, nutritious, but also deep processing becomes products such as fruit drink, can, beverage, preserved fruit, oral liquid, has very big exploitation and is worth.

In view of Fruit of Panax ginseng has above-mentioned many nutritive values, the national Ministry of Agriculture was once introduced a fine variety Fruit of Panax ginseng of popularization as a kind of high health care fruits and vegetables in the eighties in 20th century.In the prior art, the mode of Fruit of Panax ginseng breeding and seedling mainly contains two kinds: the one, and seminal propagation, i.e. sexual propagation; The 2nd, cottage propagation, i.e. vegetative propagation.Cottage propagation is grown seedlings, and is a kind of straightforward procedure that Fruit of Panax ginseng generally adopts, and promptly gets genseng stem end branch, be cut into cutting (plugged ear) after, insert in the soil, be allowed to condition under the adapt circumstance condition and root, independently grow up to healthy and strong plant.Above-mentioned seedling raising manners does not all change the growth pattern that Fruit of Panax ginseng is grown thickly, and after shoot grows up, does not still have upright trunk, per season needs built, ties up climingly, takes a lot of work, time-consuming, expensive.In addition, Fruit of Panax ginseng does not have main root, and Root Distribution is more shallow, the happiness temperature, and thermo-labile, To Be Protected from Heat, it is wet to be afraid of, and temperature is higher than 28 ℃, is lower than 10 ℃, all

Can not normal growth, particularly high temperature how wet summers, disease is serious, causes the many regional land plantations of China very difficult; And can not plant by continuous cropping, can not plant the plot plantation of solanberry class crop, not so soil infection disease is serious, and this has just further limited the cultivated area of Fruit of Panax ginseng.So, still do not form the large-scale planting of Fruit of Panax ginseng up to now.

Summary of the invention

At influencing all multifactor of Fruit of Panax ginseng large-scale planting in the above-mentioned prior art; the invention provides a kind of naseberry's breeding method; this method is by becoming tree-shaped Fruit of Panax ginseng with a grafting of Fruit of Panax ginseng and eggplant anvil; change the mode that Fruit of Panax ginseng is grown thickly, advanced the process of Fruit of Panax ginseng large-scale planting greatly.

No. one, eggplant anvil is that what to originate in U.S. state Puerto Rico is a kind of wild dungarunga, plant of Solanaceae, and the perennation woody plant, the annual height of tree can reach 3-4m, and the stem shank diameter can reach 5-10cm.

The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.

A kind of naseberry's breeding method, its concrete steps are as follows:

1, the selection of stock:

In the nursery, choose plant of cane diameter 5-10cm eggplant anvil in spring (4-5 month) or autumn (9-10 month), at height of tree 2.5-3m place, select a suitable 2-3 limb as stock, other unnecessary limb is cut, and the stock cross section is pruned smooth, then respectively at the otch of stock branch stem intermediate vertical incision 2-3cm.

2, the selection of scion:

In same season, same time, select sturdy semi-lignified Fruit of Panax ginseng branch 10-15cm length to do scion, two planes of symmetry of scion base portion are whittled into wedge shape, the wedge shape symmetry, wedge length 1.5-2cm, the scion upper end stays the tender sharp leaf of 2-3 sheet, unnecessary blade removal.

3, grafting:

With the scion of cutting, insert rapidly in the stock otch, and the cambium alignment, fix with plastic clip, with the tubular plastic sack scion is entangled with otch then, treat again plastic sack to be removed after sprouting or young leaves are extracted in scion out, change Routine Management over to after surviving fully behind the two weeks.

4, managing after grafting:

After the grafting 24 hours, carry out 1-2 time water spraying atomization every day, temperature is controlled at 20-25 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 95%, carries out sunshade in preceding 7 days, lifts the sunshade net after 7 days gradually, and gradually sooner or later leaking informaton, until surviving fully.

5, field planting:

When scion grows 5-6 sheet young leaves, can transplant planting, press seeding row spacing 1.5-2m, mu is planted strain more than 200.

The naseberry that the present invention cultivates has following characteristics:

1, become to grow thickly and be erect type, genseng is tied on fruit tree, does not need built, ties up climingly, and saving of work and time is economized on the use of funds, also can be foster when spending in flowerpot tree-shaped naseberry's plantation, and widen and enlarge the plantation space, greatly improve its ornamental value.

2, by original no axial root system, become main root and reach more than the 4-5m, increase more than 50 times than original root system, well developed root system, the fertile ability that absorbs water increases, resistance, adaptability rises appreciably.Through reaching the observation of five years; temperature 5 ℃ to 35 ℃ all can normal growths, and drought-enduring cold-resistant, anti-high humidity; anti-low humidity; anti-high light, low light tolerance not only adapts to land for growing field crops, greenhouse plantation; carry out large-scale production; and adapt to nursery, family's courtyard, indoor balcony, roof plantation, and also can make potted landscape, foster when spending.

3, disease resistance strengthens, owing to pass through grafting and root-changing, fundamentally prevented and treated the generation of soil infection disease, the soil infection disease has been reached high anti-immunity programm, can continuous cropping, can the continuous cropping plantation, must not native infectious disease, also greatly improved the ability of its disease resistance, laid a good foundation for producing real nuisanceless Fruit of Panax ginseng.

4, output height, product are of fine quality, and strain is all born fruit up to a hundred, and per mu yield can reach more than 6000 kilograms, and volume increase is more than one times, and every hectogram nutrient component doubles, and sweet acid is moderate, excellent taste.

Embodiment

Be described in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.

The applicant on April 15, spring in 2002 and then September 20 autumn respectively in garden, stock nursery, own greenhouse, 400 plant height 2.5m have been selected, the eggplant anvil of the thick 0.5cm of cane is made stock No. one, whenever select good strains in the field for seed and stay three limbs, other unnecessary limb is cut, on the stock limb of selecting and remain, choose the semi-lignified place and cut off branch, and prune smooth, at the otch of stock branch stem intermediate vertical incision 2cm.Select the Fruit of Panax ginseng branch 15cm length of semi-lignified to do scion then, this stem section contains 3 buds, cuts out two the symmetrical inclined-plane of size wedgewises, the long 2cm in inclined-plane with blade at the base portion of scion.When cutting the inclined-plane with blade, must note: following cutter requires not only soon but also is steady, strives for that all a cutter is whittled into.Then the scion that will cut is inserted in the stock otch at once, and with the cambium alignment,

Fix with plastic clip, with a tubular plastic sack scion is entangled with otch at last, to reduce water evaporates.Treat that grafting after 24 hours, unclamps the tubular plastic sack every day, carry out water spraying atomization 1-2 time, temperature is controlled at 20-25 ℃, humidity is controlled at 95%, and preceding 7 days, carry out sunshade, lift the sunshade net after 7 days gradually, and ventilate gradually, until surviving fully, just change normal management over to.

In a manner described on stock of its 400 strain eggplant anvil, grafting is 1200 altogether, has 1080 to survive after 20 days, and survival rate is 90%, hangs from above in the end of the branch can seeing Fruit of Panax ginseng in June and November then.Continuous 5 years respectively at carrying out eight tests in spring, two seasons of autumn, its experiment survival rate basically identical.

Claims (1)

1. a naseberry breeding method, its concrete steps are as follows:

1), the selection of stock:

In the nursery, choose plant of cane diameter 5-10cm eggplant anvil in spring (4-5 month) or autumn (9-10 month), at height of tree 2.5-3m place, select a suitable 2-3 limb as stock, other unnecessary limb is cut, and the stock cross section is pruned smooth, then respectively at the otch of stock branch stem intermediate vertical incision 2-3cm;

2), the selection of scion:

In same season, same time, select sturdy semi-lignified Fruit of Panax ginseng branch 10-15cm length to do scion, two planes of symmetry of scion base portion are whittled into wedge shape, the wedge shape symmetry, wedge length 1.5-2cm, the scion upper end stays the tender sharp leaf of 2-3 sheet, unnecessary blade removal;

3), grafting:

With the scion of cutting, insert rapidly in the stock otch, and the cambium alignment, fix with plastic clip, with the tubular plastic sack scion is entangled with otch then, treat again plastic sack to be removed after sprouting or young leaves are extracted in scion out, change Routine Management over to after surviving fully behind the two weeks;

4), managing after grafting:

After the grafting 24 hours, carry out 1-2 time water spraying atomization every day, temperature is controlled at 20-25 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 95%, carries out sunshade in preceding 7 days, lifts the sunshade net after 7 days gradually, and gradually sooner or later leaking informaton, until surviving fully;

5), field planting:

When scion grows 5-6 sheet young leaves, can transplant planting, press seeding row spacing 1.5-2m, mu is planted strain more than 200.