CN108886993A - A kind of tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods - Google Patents

A kind of tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108886993A
CN108886993A CN201810785711.2A CN201810785711A CN108886993A CN 108886993 A CN108886993 A CN 108886993A CN 201810785711 A CN201810785711 A CN 201810785711A CN 108886993 A CN108886993 A CN 108886993A
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tomato
engrafting
temperature
stock
implantation methods
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Inventor
管大鹏
张金龙
张太保
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Ho County Zhonghe Agricultural Technology Co Ltd
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Ho County Zhonghe Agricultural Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810785711.2A priority Critical patent/CN108886993A/en
Publication of CN108886993A publication Critical patent/CN108886993A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/30Grafting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/05Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to field of agricultural production technologies, and in particular to is related to a kind of tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods, comprises the following steps:(1) the high disease-resistant wild-type tomato of Root-stock selection;(2) 20-30min is impregnated with 50-55 DEG C of warm water before sowing, is then soaked for a period of time again with 28-30 DEG C of water, is placed on clean towel, extracts moisture;(3) vernalization starts to sow when bud ratio is up to 85%;(4) stock shifts to an earlier date 3-5 days and sows, and is watered with bottom water, and bed surface spreads pesticides soil, and seed is sprinkled upon on seedbed;(5) nursery bed temperature maintains 20-30 DEG C daytime, and 15-18 DEG C of night, day temperature maintains constant after emergence, and nocturnal temperature is 15 DEG C;(6) when stock grows 3-5 piece true leaf, with blade in oblique partial application at 1cm, notch 0.6-0.7cm, scion between two panels true leaf;(7) first three days after grafting, day temperature maintain 25-27 DEG C, and 18-20 DEG C of nocturnal temperature, humidity is certain, sunshade;Method for grafting tomatoes provided by the invention can effectively improve Tomato Grafting survival rate and disease resistance.

Description

A kind of tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural production technologies, and in particular to a kind of tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods.
Background technique
Tomato, i.e. tomato are that Solanaceae tomato genus is annual or herbaceos perennial, and body is 0.6-2 meters high, and entirety is raw viscous Matter glandular hairs have overpowering odor, and stem easily lodges, leaf pinnate compound leaf or pinniform drastic crack, and inflorescence always obstructs 2-5 centimetres long, normal 3-7 flower, Calyx spoke shape, corolla spoke shape, berry oblate spheroid shape or close spherical, meat and many juice, seed yellow, flowering fruit bearing stage summer and autumn.
Main cultivation vegetable crop of the tomato as facility cultivation, cultivated area is expanding year by year, in order to improve yield, prevention Pest and disease damage occurs, and generally uses tomato graft technology now, and grafting cultivation can not only efficiently control root disease, Er Qiesheng Growing way is strong, and yield is high, and most of tomato planting family can expertly grasp graft seedling growth technology, but planting percent is less after grafting The quality of height, seedling is also bad, is easy virus infection disease, has aggravated the burden of peasant.
Chinese patent CN107873287A discloses a kind of engrafting method of tomato at present, and its step are as follows:S1:Stock kind Selection;S2:Rootstock seedling sowing;S3:Scion seedling sowing:Common scion kind is sowed into the scion kind sowing time in seedling growth greenhouse It sows within 6 days more late than stock kind, is grafted when the strain stem diameter of scion seedling reaches 0.8cm;S4:Grafting processing:Under in the shade Processing, by crosscutting, axillary bud of going out above the rough leaf of the rootstock seedling in S2, in incision with bamboo identical with scion thickness Label are downwardly into the hole of deep 4cm, and the scion seedling in S3 is whittled into wedge shape under rough leaf, scion seedling is then inserted into stock Grafting in seedling;S5:Management, the present invention have many advantages, such as that yield is big, nutritive value is high.
Chinese patent CN105123472B discloses a kind of method for cultivating tomato health grafting at present, by turf, leech Stone, perlite mix preparation seedling medium by volume at 6: 3: 1, carry out hole tray graft seedling growth;Stock and the sowing of the scion same period, anvil The potassium phosphite aqueous solution 5-8ml for applying 50mgkg-1 is poured for every plant when wood budding to cotyledon expansion;The 1st lobus cardiacus dew point of scion is extremely The Prohexadione calcium aqueous solution 8-10ml for applying 10mgkg-1 is poured for every plant when 11 heart of leaf;2 leaf, 1 heart true leaf is stayed in scion when grafting;Grafting When the 3rd true leaf length reaches 1cm afterwards, every plant is poured the Prohexadione calcium aqueous solution 8-10ml for applying 20mgkg-1;After grafting the 4th it is true When leaf length reaches 1cm, every plant is poured the chitosan aqueous solution 12-15ml for applying 500mgkg-1.The grafting that the present invention is brought out is in root It is that vigor, seedling vigorous index, bud differentiation, disease resistance and yield etc. are better than conventional hole tray grafting.
But there is also graft survival rates low, the defect of disease resistance difference of method for grafting tomatoes provided by the prior art.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the invention proposes a kind of tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods.The present invention provides Technical solution can make up that graft survival rate present in existing method for grafting tomatoes is low to a certain extent, disease resistance difference Defect.
In order to achieve the above purpose, it is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods, the tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods comprise the following steps:
(1) the high disease-resistant wild-type tomato of Root-stock selection, scion use conventional variety;
(2) 20-30min is impregnated with 50-55 DEG C of warm water before sowing, is then soaked for a period of time again with 28-30 DEG C of water, soaked Seed after bubble is placed on clean towel, extracts moisture, is spread out;
(3) by tomato seeds vernalization under the conditions of certain temperature, start to sow when bud ratio is up to 85%;
(4) stock shifts to an earlier date 3-5 days and sows, and guarantees that nursery soil is loose ventilative before sowing, and is watered with bottom water, and bed surface spreads pesticides soil, Seed is sprinkled upon on seedbed;
(5) nursery bed temperature maintains 20-30 DEG C daytime, and 15-18 DEG C of night, day temperature maintains constant, night after emergence Temperature is 15 DEG C;
(6) when stock grows 3-5 piece true leaf, calm, grafting rainy days is selected, between second and third true leaf piece of stock laterally Cutting, with blade in oblique partial application at 1cm, notch 0.6-0.7cm, scion between two panels true leaf;
(7) first three days after grafting, day temperature maintain 25-27 DEG C, and 18-20 DEG C of nocturnal temperature, humidity is certain, sunshade, Dusk and early morning warm, that air humidity is high is selected respectively to divulge information once after three days.
Preferably, soaking time is 3-3.5 hours again in the step (2).
Preferably, germination temperature is 28-30 DEG C in the step (3).
Preferably, step (4) the Chinese medicine soil is mixed fine earth by 50% carbendazim and is made, wherein mass ratio MCarbendazim:MFine earth =1:100.
Preferably, maintaining day temperature in the step (5) after emergence is 20 DEG C.
Preferably, humidity is 95%-98% in the step (7).
Using above-mentioned technical solution, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
(1) it selects disease-resistant wild-type tomato as stock, is conducive to improve Tomato Grafting survival rate, improves disease resistance, use 50-55 DEG C of water seed soaking 20-30min can kill the surface of the seed major part germ, then small with 28-30 DEG C of water immersion 3-3.5 When, it is subsequently put on clean towel, extracts moisture, so that seed has sufficient oxygen supply, be conducive to improve bud ratio;
(2) spread pesticides soil on seedbed, and medicine soil mixes fine earth by carbendazim, reduces disease pest in soil and endangers, improves budding Rate;
(3) it is grafted in calm, rainy days, seedling after grafting can effectively be avoided to be transferred by the wind generation of falling the case where, rainy days It connects, is conducive to improve graft survival rate.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, Technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described.Based on the embodiment of the present invention, the common skill in this field Art personnel every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts belongs to the model that the present invention protects It encloses.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods, the tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods comprise the following steps:
(1) the high disease-resistant wild-type tomato of Root-stock selection, scion use conventional variety;
(2) 30min is impregnated with 50 DEG C of warm water before sowing, is then impregnated again 3.5 hours with 28 DEG C of water, the seed after immersion It is placed on clean towel, extracts moisture, spread out;
(3) by tomato seeds vernalization under the conditions of 28 DEG C of temperature, start to sow when bud ratio is up to 85%;
(4) stock shifts to an earlier date 5 days and sows, and guarantees that nursery soil is loose ventilative before sowing, and is watered with bottom water, and bed surface spreads pesticides soil, will Seed is sprinkled upon on seedbed;
(5) nursery bed temperature maintains 20 DEG C daytime, and 18 DEG C of night, day temperature is maintained 20 DEG C after emergence, nocturnal temperature It is 15 DEG C;
(6) when stock grows 3 true leaves, calm, grafting rainy days is selected, is laterally cut between second and third true leaf piece of stock It is disconnected, with blade in oblique partial application at 1cm, notch 0.7cm, scion between two panels true leaf;
(7) first three days after grafting, day temperature maintain 25 DEG C, and 20 DEG C of nocturnal temperature, humidity 95%, sunshade, three days Dusk and early morning warm, that air humidity is high is selected respectively to divulge information once afterwards.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods, the tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods comprise the following steps:
(1) the high disease-resistant wild-type tomato of Root-stock selection, scion use conventional variety;
(2) 20min is impregnated with 55 DEG C of warm water before sowing, is then impregnated again 3 hours with 30 DEG C of water, the seed after immersion is put On clean towel, moisture is extracted, is spread out;
(3) by tomato seeds vernalization under the conditions of 30 DEG C of temperature, start to sow when bud ratio is up to 85%;
(4) stock shifts to an earlier date 3 days and sows, and guarantees that nursery soil is loose ventilative before sowing, and is watered with bottom water, and bed surface spreads pesticides soil, will Seed is sprinkled upon on seedbed;
(5) nursery bed temperature maintains 30 DEG C daytime, and 15 DEG C of night, day temperature is maintained 20 DEG C after emergence, nocturnal temperature It is 15 DEG C;
(6) when stock grows 5 true leaves, calm, grafting rainy days is selected, is laterally cut between second and third true leaf piece of stock It is disconnected, with blade in oblique partial application at 1cm, notch 0.6cm, scion between two panels true leaf;
(7) first three days after grafting, day temperature maintain 27 DEG C, and 18 DEG C of nocturnal temperature, humidity 98%, sunshade, three days Dusk and early morning warm, that air humidity is high is selected respectively to divulge information once afterwards.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods, the tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods comprise the following steps:
(1) the high disease-resistant wild-type tomato of Root-stock selection, scion use conventional variety;
(2) 25min is impregnated with 50 DEG C of warm water before sowing, is then impregnated again 3 hours with 28 DEG C of water, the seed after immersion is put On clean towel, moisture is extracted, is spread out;
(3) by tomato seeds vernalization under the conditions of 30 DEG C of temperature, start to sow when bud ratio is up to 85%;
(4) stock shifts to an earlier date 4 days and sows, and guarantees that nursery soil is loose ventilative before sowing, and is watered with bottom water, and bed surface spreads pesticides soil, will Seed is sprinkled upon on seedbed;
(5) nursery bed temperature maintains 20 DEG C daytime, and 18 DEG C of night, day temperature is maintained 20 DEG C after emergence, nocturnal temperature It is 15 DEG C;
(6) when stock grows 3 true leaves, calm, grafting rainy days is selected, is laterally cut between second and third true leaf piece of stock It is disconnected, with blade in oblique partial application at 1cm, notch 0.6cm, scion between two panels true leaf;
(7) first three days after grafting, day temperature maintain 27 DEG C, and 20 DEG C of nocturnal temperature, humidity 96%, sunshade, three days Dusk and early morning warm, that air humidity is high is selected respectively to divulge information once afterwards.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods, the tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods comprise the following steps:
(1) the high disease-resistant wild-type tomato of Root-stock selection, scion use conventional variety;
(2) 30min is impregnated with 50 DEG C of warm water before sowing, is then impregnated again 3.5 hours with 30 DEG C of water, the seed after immersion It is placed on clean towel, extracts moisture, spread out;
(3) by tomato seeds vernalization under the conditions of 28 DEG C of temperature, start to sow when bud ratio is up to 85%;
(4) stock shifts to an earlier date 4 days and sows, and guarantees that nursery soil is loose ventilative before sowing, and is watered with bottom water, and bed surface spreads pesticides soil, will Seed is sprinkled upon on seedbed;
(5) nursery bed temperature maintains 25 DEG C daytime, and 15 DEG C of night, day temperature is maintained 20 DEG C after emergence, nocturnal temperature It is 15 DEG C;
(6) when stock grows 4 true leaves, calm, grafting rainy days is selected, is laterally cut between second and third true leaf piece of stock It is disconnected, with blade in oblique partial application at 1cm, notch 0.7cm, scion between two panels true leaf;
(7) first three days after grafting, day temperature maintain 27 DEG C, and 20 DEG C of nocturnal temperature, humidity 98%, sunshade, three days Dusk and early morning warm, that air humidity is high is selected respectively to divulge information once afterwards.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods, the tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods comprise the following steps:
(1) the high disease-resistant wild-type tomato of Root-stock selection, scion use conventional variety;
(2) 20min is impregnated with 55 DEG C of warm water before sowing, is then impregnated again 3.5 hours with 28 DEG C of water, the seed after immersion It is placed on clean towel, extracts moisture, spread out;
(3) by tomato seeds vernalization under the conditions of 28 DEG C of temperature, start to sow when bud ratio is up to 85%;
(4) stock shifts to an earlier date 4 days and sows, and guarantees that nursery soil is loose ventilative before sowing, and is watered with bottom water, and bed surface spreads pesticides soil, will Seed is sprinkled upon on seedbed;
(5) nursery bed temperature maintains 25 DEG C daytime, and 15 DEG C of night, day temperature is maintained 20 DEG C after emergence, nocturnal temperature It is 15 DEG C;
(6) when stock grows 4 true leaves, calm, grafting rainy days is selected, is laterally cut between second and third true leaf piece of stock It is disconnected, with blade in oblique partial application at 1cm, notch 0.6cm, scion between two panels true leaf;
(7) first three days after grafting, day temperature maintain 25 DEG C, and 18 DEG C of nocturnal temperature, humidity 97%, sunshade, three days Dusk and early morning warm, that air humidity is high is selected respectively to divulge information once afterwards.
The tomato that grafted tomato obtained by the present invention and traditional engrafting method obtain is compared into test, test result is such as Under:
Above embodiments are only to illustrate the technical solution of type of the present invention, rather than its limitations;Although referring to aforementioned implementation Type of the present invention is described in detail in example, those skilled in the art should understand that:It still can be to aforementioned each Technical solution documented by embodiment is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features;And these are modified Or replacement, the spirit and scope for each embodiment technical solution of type of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods, which is characterized in that comprise the following steps:
(1) the high disease-resistant wild-type tomato of Root-stock selection, scion use conventional variety;
(2) 20-30min is impregnated with 50-55 DEG C of warm water before sowing, is then soaked for a period of time again with 28-30 DEG C of water, after immersion Seed be placed on clean towel, extract moisture, spread out;
(3) by tomato seeds vernalization under the conditions of certain temperature, start to sow when bud ratio is up to 85%;
(4) stock shifts to an earlier date 3-5 days and sows, and guarantees that nursery soil is loose ventilative before sowing, and is watered with bottom water, and bed surface spreads pesticides soil, will plant Son is sprinkled upon on seedbed;
(5) nursery bed temperature maintains 20-30 DEG C daytime, and 15-18 DEG C of night, day temperature maintains constant, nocturnal temperature after emergence It is 15 DEG C;
(6) it when stock grows 3-5 piece true leaf, selects calm, rainy days and grafts, the transversely cutting between second and third true leaf piece of stock, With blade in oblique partial application at 1cm, notch 0.6-0.7cm, scion between two panels true leaf;
(7) first three days after grafting, day temperature maintain 25-27 DEG C, and 18-20 DEG C of nocturnal temperature, humidity is certain, sunshade, and three days Dusk and early morning warm, that air humidity is high is selected respectively to divulge information once afterwards.
2. tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (2) again Soaking time is 3-3.5 hours.
3. tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that vernalization in the step (3) Temperature is 28-30 DEG C.
4. tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (4) the Chinese medicine soil It mixes fine earth by 50% carbendazim to be made, wherein mass ratio MCarbendazim:MFine earth=1:100.
5. tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that emergence in the step (5) Maintaining day temperature afterwards is 20 DEG C.
6. tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that humidity in the step (7) For 95%-98%.
CN201810785711.2A 2018-07-17 2018-07-17 A kind of tomato engrafting and cultivating implantation methods Pending CN108886993A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113141893A (en) * 2021-01-26 2021-07-23 贵州丰萃农业发展有限公司 Grafting disease prevention technology for solanaceae vegetables

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CN105766397A (en) * 2016-05-08 2016-07-20 宁夏天瑞产业集团现代农业有限公司 Tomato seedling grafting technology and management method thereof
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CN106561279A (en) * 2015-10-08 2017-04-19 黄冠洲 Method for grafting of tomato with wild tomato
CN105684738A (en) * 2016-01-15 2016-06-22 张月强 Sunlight greenhouse tomato culture method
CN105766397A (en) * 2016-05-08 2016-07-20 宁夏天瑞产业集团现代农业有限公司 Tomato seedling grafting technology and management method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113141893A (en) * 2021-01-26 2021-07-23 贵州丰萃农业发展有限公司 Grafting disease prevention technology for solanaceae vegetables

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