CN101003407A

CN101003407A - Culture techniques on water surface for ryegrass and swamp cabbage

Info

Publication number: CN101003407A
Application number: CNA2006100379032A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡孟春
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-01-20
Filing date: 2006-01-20
Publication date: 2007-07-25

Abstract

This invention discloses a techniqe for planting ryegrass on water surface by using floating bed as carrier, which comprises transplanting seedlings, preparing material for floating bed structure, and fixing on water surface. The whole process comprises stimulation experiments in laboratory, small-scale tests in river channel, and planting in river channel within 2 years. This invention also develops water surface planting of swamp cabbage by using 'grass dragon' as the carrier. At the first stage, swamp cabbage cultivated in farmland is transplanted onto water surface by using 'grass dragon' as the carrier. At the later stage, swamp cabbage can grow on water surface by using its own buoyancy. Ryegrass and swamp cabbage cultivated in river channel have strong absorption ability to N and P in water body, thus can purify water in river channel. Ryegrass can grow on water surface in winter and spring, thus can solve the problem of water body purification difficulty in winter by using aquatic plants. The food chain relationship between ryegrass and swamp cabbage, and herbivorous fishes can clean ryegrass and swamp cabbage from water body, thus can avoid secondary pollution and develop ecological breeding in river channel.

Description

Rye grass, mater convolvulus water-surface cultivation technology

This technology of technical field belongs to field of engineering ecology studies

Technical background is in Chinese north subtropical and temperate zone, and winter, the river course waterplant was withered, and constructed artificial ecology river course utilizes waterplant to subdue nitrogen, phosphorus, can only move in vegetation season, and can not normally move winter.Utilizing waterplant to subdue the continuity problem of nitrogen, phosphorus winter operation in the artificial ecology river course, is the difficult problem that solve.In addition, how the selected waterplant in artificial ecology river course is shifted out from the water body transfer by food chain, the secondary pollution of avoiding waterplant to rot to cause, and it is unified to reach ecological environment benefit and economic benefit, also is the major issue that solve.For solving ecological riverway the problems referred to above, research and development rye grass, mater convolvulus water-surface cultivation technology.

Summary of the invention

1 rye grass water-surface cultivation technology

Rye grass is the crop in field, is mainly used in forage grass.,,, that the rye grass of field cultivation is successful at the river course water-surface cultivation through laboratory simulation experiment (accompanying drawing 1), river course lab scale (accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 3) in the time more than 2 years.Actual planting (accompanying drawing 4) in the river course.

The method of rye grass water-surface cultivation:

1) carries out the field and grow seedlings the field sowing rye grass mid-September.

2) mid-October, Xiang Shuizhong transplanted when height of seedling 5-10cm.Root can be with a small amount of female soil.

3) for improving surviving rate, the rye grass roots gets wet in rooting powder solution slightly.

4) the rye grass carrier of growing in water body is a floating bed.The floating bed making method has two kinds.A kind of is that plastic foam plate directly swims in the water surface, the perforate rye grass of planting on plastic foam plate.A kind of is to make square frame with mao bamboon, is layered on the square frame with fishnet, plastics three dimensional network, and rye grass is planted in mesh.

5) floating bed is two kinds of water surface fixing meanss, and the plastic foam plate floating bed is fixing at river course segmentation block, and floating bed can be fluctuated with water level, but can not flow with water.Mao bamboon framework three dimensional network floating bed, the bamboo pole tether is fixed, and makes floating bed with water level fluctuate (accompanying drawing 5).

6) for preventing the waviness influence of blowing, single mao bamboon framework three dimensional network floating bed connects into integral body.

7) rye grass is transplanted floating bed to the late April maturation from mid-October, and growth time just in time is the season that other waterplant can not grow in water body.Rye grass normal growth (accompanying drawing 6) still when winter, the river course froze.

2 mater convolvulus water-surface cultivation technology

Mater convolvulus is the vegetables of farmland cultivation, generally plants in dry land, by the natural rainfall normal growth.Through overtesting, mater convolvulus is in water-surface cultivation success (accompanying drawing 7).

Mater convolvulus is at water surface large-area cultivation

1) in the field sowing mater convolvulus, grows seedlings.As height of seedling 10-20cm, transplant to water body.

2) utilize straw paillason dragon, with mao bamboon that the grass dragon is fixing in the river course, mater convolvulus is when transplanted seedling, and the buoyancy by the grass dragon is grown in the water surface (accompanying drawing 8).

3) constantly extend when the mater convolvulus stem, have buoyancy in vain in the stem of mater convolvulus, can the floating water surface of nature (accompanying drawing 9) normal growth.

4) mater convolvulus all can be transplanted to water body in its vegetative period.

Appended drawings 1 2003 years is carried out the simulated experiment of rye grass water-surface cultivation in the laboratory.Can the purpose rye grass of experiment normal growth at water, and mashed root can or can not take place.Experimental result, rye grass be the energy normal growth in water, no bad root phenomenon.

Accompanying drawing 2 2004 years carries out the pilot scale that the rye grass water surface is planted in the river course.Experiment purpose, be rye grass can be in river course water normal growth, maturation is set seeds, test-results, rye grass grows in river water body normally.

Accompanying drawing 3 2004 years carries out the pilot scale that the rye grass water surface is planted in the river course, the rye grass maturation of setting seeds.

Accompanying drawing in October, 4 2005 rye grass is actual cultivation in the river course, adopts the plastic blister end to make the floating bed carrier.

The fixing means of accompanying drawing 5 mao bamboon framework three dimensional network floating beds in water body.

Rye grass normal growth still when accompanying drawing river course in 6 winter freezes.

Accompanying drawing 7 mater convolvulus have covered river surface in water surface vigorous growth.

The grass dragon that makes up before water is planted under accompanying drawing 8 mater convolvulus is as the mater convolvulus assistant carrier.

Accompanying drawing 9 mater convolvulus by self buoyancy normal growth at the river course water surface.

Embodiment

1 water-surface cultivation rye grass solves waterplant and removes the river course nitrogen phosphorus continuity problem in winter

In the artificial ecology river course, plantation emergent, floatingleaved plant, submerged plant carry out subduing of nitrogen phosphorus in the water body, are the methods that generally adopts.But these plants can not grow winter, utilize waterplant to subdue that nitrogen phosphorus can not continue to carry out in the winter time in the water body.The time period that waterplant can not grow is filled up in the growth of rye grass winter-spring season, has kept continuity.The rye grass water-surface cultivation is used for the ecological riverway engineering, and the guarantee engineering is subdued the continuity of nitrogen phosphorus function.

2 solve the river course block annual forage grass of breeding fish water-surface cultivation rye grass, mater convolvulus supplies with

Mater convolvulus summer and autumn are at water-surface cultivation, and the rye grass winter-spring season is at water-surface cultivation, guarantee that block breed fish four seasons forage grass in river course supplies with, and realize the annual ecologic breeding of water body, avoid bait throwing in to water pollution.

The food chain of 3 rye grasses, mater convolvulus-fish solves two kind of plant and rots that secondary pollution of water rye grass, mater convolvulus are had very strong receptivity to water body nitrogen phosphorus, is example with the mater convolvulus, and nitrogen phosphorus is subdued ability such as following table.

TN, TP effect are removed in hollow vegetable-growing area, river course

The contrast district	TN(mg/L)	TP(mg/L)
The contrast district	TN(mg/L)	TP(mg/L)	Non-hollow vegetable-growing area, river course hollow vegetable-growing area, river course clearance (%)	3.18 2.17 31.8	0.12 0.09 23.9

Absorbed rye grass, the mater convolvulus of a large amount of nitrogen phosphorus,, can cause secondary pollution of water after rotting if from water, do not migrate out.Set up the food chain of rye grass, mater convolvulus-fish, rye grass, mater convolvulus are migrated out from water by fish, avoid secondary pollution of water.

Innovative point is successful at water-surface cultivation with the rye grass of field cultivation, and the mater convolvulus of field cultivation is successful at water-surface cultivation.Summary is the rye grass water-surface cultivation method of carrier with the floating bed, is the mater convolvulus water-surface cultivation method of carrier with careless dragon.Rye grass, mater convolvulus have fine removal effect to water body nitrogen phosphorus, and the rye grass winter-spring season is grown at the water surface, solve material and utilize aquatic plant purification pollution of area source continuity problem in winter.Rye grass, mater convolvulus and herbivorous fishes food chain relation make fish that rye grass, mater convolvulus are shifted away from water body, avoid secondary pollution, and the development river channel ecology is cultured.

Claims

1, technical characterictic: the rye grass of field cultivation is successful at water-surface cultivation.Its method is to grow seedlings in the farmland, makes floating bed with the plastics slab foam at the river course water surface, transplants rye grass on floating bed.The mater convolvulus of field cultivation is successful at water-surface cultivation.Mater convolvulus is to make carrier early stage with the grass dragon that straw is compiled at water surface method for planting, and buoyancy aid is provided.Later stage mater convolvulus by self buoyancy normal growth on the water surface.Rye grass, mater convolvulus have fine removal effect to water body nitrogen phosphorus, and the rye grass winter-spring season is grown at the water surface, have solved to utilize aquatic plant purification pollution of area source continuity problem in winter.Rye grass, mater convolvulus and herbivorous fishes food chain relation make fish that rye grass, mater convolvulus are shifted away from water body, avoid plant to rot to secondary pollution of water, and the development river channel ecology is cultured.