CN105532407B - A kind of float seedling method of Pieris Formosa - Google Patents
A kind of float seedling method of Pieris Formosa Download PDFInfo
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- CN105532407B CN105532407B CN201610023179.1A CN201610023179A CN105532407B CN 105532407 B CN105532407 B CN 105532407B CN 201610023179 A CN201610023179 A CN 201610023179A CN 105532407 B CN105532407 B CN 105532407B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of float seedling method of Pieris Formosa, by building the nursery of Flotage seedling raising pool, seed treatment, the preparation of seedling medium, the selection of floating disc and disinfection, sabot, sowing, the floating setting of water body, the application of nutritive liquid for floating breeding, moss prevention, the completion of hardening, transplanting and other steps to Pieris Formosa.Method for culturing seedlings provided by the invention, not only set type, the matrix granule size of levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance, and strict regulations are done to concrete operation step, the inhibition moss etc. when floating pH value and water temperature, the proportioning of matrix, the moisture content of matrix, the sowing of water body, to substantially increase the emergence rate of Pieris Formosa, emergence rate is set to have reached 90% or more, planting percent is high, and 35% or more germination percentage can be improved than conventional seedbed system method, improves 45% or more planting percent；The nursery stock regularity of cultivation is high, and seedlings root is flourishing, healthy and strong, and growth is vigorous, and disease is few, no weeds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for culturing seedlings of ornamental nursery stock, and in particular to a kind of float seedling method of Pieris Formosa belongs to
In fancy horticulture technical field.
Background technology
Pieris Formosa（Pierisformosa）Belong to Ericaceae Pieris Formosa category, dungarunga is born in height above sea level 1500
In~2800 meters of evergreen broad-leaved hayashishita, pine forest or border shrubbery.Sprig is cylindrical, hairless, there is leaf scar on branch；Hibernaculum is smaller,
Oval, scale outside are hairless.Plant shape is graceful, and leaf color is changeable, inflorescence white, very charming.It is widely used in room in Europe, Japan
Interior potting and garth are ornamental, this species is cold-resistant, wind resistance, antipollution, and germination is strong, are sight leaf splendid in afforestation, see
Flower evergreen shrubs.Fascinating glamour is put to good use with its distinctive posture and color in severe winter.Pieris Formosa is because it is with rich
The characteristics of rich, gorgeous color, is pursued by people.
The modes of reproduction of Pieris Formosa mainly uses seed Seedling propagation.Since its seed is small, common matrix such as soil
The granular sizes such as earth, fertile soil differ so that the porosity of seed and the contact surface of matrix is excessive or too small, be easy to cause seed
Moisture overdrying or overly moist, to influence germination percentage and survival rate.
Float seedling method generally directed to be granule and pole small-sized seed method for culturing seedlings.In recent years, this method exists
It is relatively common in agricultural production, but be also rarely used in ornamental plant is cultivated.If it is a kind of suitable that floating seedlings can be utilized to research and develop
The method for culturing seedlings for watching nursery stock Pieris Formosa is closed, is beneficial to improve the germination percentage and survival rate of Pieris Formosa.
Invention content
To solve in Pieris Formosa seed germination, due to the pH of sowing media type, matrix granule size, water body
Value and water temperature, water content of substrate how many pairs of germinations influence, the present invention provides a kind of floating of Pieris Formosa and educates
Seedling-growing method improves common floating seedlings technology in conjunction with Pieris Formosa germination feature.
The present invention is realized by following technical proposal：A kind of float seedling method of Pieris Formosa, by following each step
Suddenly：
（1）Build Flotage seedling raising pool：Routinely build the floating pool of nursery；
（2）Seed treatment：The January of annual November to second year harvests Pieris Formosa seed, goes to clean after collection
Matter and not full seed, high quality seed are installed to be placed at 1~5 DEG C with cloth bag and be refrigerated for use；
（3）The preparation of seedling medium：Fertile soil, perlite, plant ash and general calcium is levigate to 10~15 mesh, then press humic
Soil:Perlite:Plant ash:The mass ratio of general calcium is（6~7）:（2~3）:0.5:0.5 is uniformly mixed, and obtains seedling medium, uses
The liquor potassic permanganate that mass concentration is 0.1~0.3% pours seedling medium and spills, use quality a concentration of 1~2% every other day after wetting
Formalin water after, with covered rearing with plastic film it is closed disinfection raise after a week, after flavour of a drug naturally scatter and disappear after again add clear water it is wet
Profit keeps hand to pinch agglomerating, landing nature and scatters and be advisable；This is because the seed of Pieris Formosa is small（4000000 Li/㎏）, commonly
The granular sizes such as matrix such as soil, fertile soil differ so that the porosity of seed and the contact surface of matrix is excessive or too small, holds
Seed moisture content overdrying or overly moist are easily caused, to influence germination percentage and survival rate；Above-mentioned seedling medium is selected to ensure that beautiful horse
Liquor-saturated wood seed sprouts required condition, and more conventional nursery effectively increases 35% or more percentage of seedgermination；
（4）Float the selection and disinfection of disk：Disk is floated using polystyrene plastics foam, is carried out disinfection when necessary；
（5）Sabot：By step（3）Gained seedling medium is packed into step（4）In the cavities for floating disk, the nursery in cavities is kept
Matrix is elastic moderate；
（6）Sowing：Annual 2~April, when ground temperature reaches 15 DEG C or more, by step（2）Treated Pieris Formosa
Seed is sown into step by 10~15 in each cavities（5）Cavities seedling medium in, ensure 3~4mm of depth of planting, can be effective
Improve germination percentage；
（7）Float the setting of water body：By step（6）The drift disk level sowed is put into step（1）Floating pool in, keep
Water temperature in floating pool is 15~25 DEG C, the depth of water is 10~15 centimetres, pH is 6.5~7, and the water in floating pool was every 10~15 days
It changes once, to prevent moss from growing；Above-mentioned condition is very suitable for the germination of Pieris Formosa；
（8）The application of nutritive liquid for floating breeding：From sowing to emergence, Pieris Formosa needs three months or so altogether, at this moment
Between in section, the difference of nutrient solution is required according to Pieris Formosa, is divided into two stages：
First stage：In one month after since sowing, fermentation animal wastes rich water is applied in floating pool, keeps dividing
Sub- 0.2~0.4 ㎎ of ammonia density/L；
Second stage：In second month after since sowing, NH is added in floating pool4NO3Or CN2H4O keeps dividing
Sub- 0.4~0.8 ㎎ of ammonia density/L；
（9）Moss prevents：Moss is easily grown before germination in floating pool, stromal surface easily grows tongue after germination
Moss removes in time after there is moss, to ensure that seed being capable of normal eruption；
（10）Hardening：Carry out hardening when the seedling of Pieris Formosa grows tall to 3cm or more, when hardening will drift disk from floating
It picks up, is moved in the greenhouse of 70% sunshade net of covering shading rate in pond, being placed in place mat has on the hardening bed of the mountains 2~3cm sand, every
Seedling is sprayed for 1~2 ‰ urea or composite fertilizer's solution within 10 days with mass concentration；Hardening totally 20~30 days；
（11）Transplanting：By step（10）The seedling for completing hardening is transplanted, that is, completes the nursery to Pieris Formosa.
The step（1）The floating pool for routinely building nursery be first to build greenhouse, and cover White plastic film and screening
The shading screen of cloudy rate 90% builds wide 1.4 meters, 20~25 centimetres deep, length and the identical floating pool of greenhouse length, pond in greenhouse
Bottom with fine sand or fine earth it is levelling after, the black film of paving 8 or more, ensure film it is wide >=2 meters, length is suitable with floating pool；It is floating
The clean water source of 10~15 centimetres of depths is added in pond.
The step（4）Polystyrene plastics foam drift disk be 136 holes or 162 holes, outside dimension be 66.5 × 35 ×
5.5cm。
The step（4）In carry out disinfection when necessary be need to be used when using old drift disk mass concentration for 1~2% Fu Er
Malin's solution sprays, and is rinsed well with clear water after epiphragma is 1~2 day stifling；Or with mass concentration be 0.3~0.5% Gao Meng
Sour potassium solution impregnates 1~2 hour, is washed with water net；Using new drift disk, that is, it is not necessarily to carry out disinfection.
The step（7）It is to use NaHCO that middle pH, which is 6.5~7,3Solution or HCl solution are adjusted.
The step（8）Molecule ammonia density be diluted holding with natural minerals water.
The step（9）Germination before easily grow moss in floating pool, be caused by water fertilizer deficiency, with fermentation animal
Excrement rich water keeps 0.2~0.8 ㎎ of molecule ammonia density/L, can effectively inhibit moss growth.
The step（9）Germination after stromal surface easily grow moss, be that tongue occurs in stromal surface after germination
Moss control not in time, moss spreads to form a thin layer of covering after can hinder the sprouting of seed and the growth of seedling, using base
0.2~0.3 ㎏/㎡ of plant ash are spread fertilizer over the fields on matter surface, can not only effectively eliminate moss, moreover it is possible to than conventional seedbed system method improve 45% with
On planting percent.
The step（10）Composite fertilizer's solution in N:P:K ratios are 19:7:14.
The present invention has following advantages and effect：
Method for culturing seedlings provided by the invention not only sets type, the matrix granule size of levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance, but also right
Float water body pH value and water temperature, the proportioning of matrix, matrix moisture content, sowing when concrete operation step, inhibit moss
Etc. strict regulations have been done, to substantially increase the emergence rate of Pieris Formosa, emergence rate is made to reach 90% or more, shorten and educate
The seedling time and production cost is saved.
Traditional seedling method of Pieris Formosa includes seedbed nursery, hole tray or container nursery.Due to the kind of Pieris Formosa
Son is small（4000000 Li/㎏）, conventional seedbed system method be difficult to meet seed sprout needed for moisture, temperature requirement, cause beautiful horse liquor-saturated
Its wooden germination percentage, emergence rate, planting percent are generally 45%, 30%, 50% or so.And method for culturing seedlings through the invention, germination percentage,
Emergence rate, planting percent are respectively 75~85%, 60~75%, 80~95%；Planting percent is high, can than conventional seedbed system method improve 35% with
On germination percentage, improve 45% or more planting percent；The nursery stock regularity of cultivation is high, and seedlings root is flourishing, healthy and strong, and growth is vigorous,
Disease is few, no weeds；Every square metre drift disk can 3000~5000 plants of breeding nursery stock, production efficiency is high, has saved production cost.
The present invention combines the germination feature of floating seedlings and Pieris Formosa seed, and the method for culturing seedlings provided is suitble to Pieris Formosa,
This method is highly practical, of low cost, with strong points, and industrialization effect is good.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
（1）Build Flotage seedling raising pool：Routinely build the floating pool of nursery：First build greenhouse, and cover White plastic film and
The shading screen of shading rate 90% builds wide 1.4 meters, 20~25 centimetres deep, length and the identical floating pool of greenhouse length in greenhouse,
Bottom of pond with fine sand or fine earth it is levelling after, the black film of paving 8 or more, ensure film it is wide >=2 meters, length is suitable with floating pool；It is floating
The clean water source of 10~15 centimetres of depths is added in floating pond.
（2）Seed treatment：The January of annual November to second year harvests Pieris Formosa seed, goes to clean after collection
Matter and not full seed, high quality seed are installed to be placed at 1 DEG C with cloth bag and be refrigerated for use；
（3）The preparation of seedling medium：Fertile soil, perlite, plant ash and general calcium is levigate to 10~15 mesh, then press humic
Soil:Perlite:Plant ash:The mass ratio of general calcium is 6:2:0.5:0.5 is uniformly mixed, and obtains seedling medium, is with mass concentration
0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, which pours seedling medium, to be spilt, after the formalin of use quality a concentration of 1% is watered every other day after wetting,
With covered rearing with plastic film it is closed disinfection raise after a week, after flavour of a drug naturally scatter and disappear after again plus clear water moistening, keep i.e. hand pinch it is agglomerating,
Landing nature scatters and is advisable；This is because the seed of Pieris Formosa is small（4000000 Li/㎏）, common matrix such as soil, humic
The granular sizes such as soil differ so that the porosity of seed and the contact surface of matrix is excessive or too small, be easy to cause seed moisture content mistake
Dry or overly moist, to influence germination percentage and survival rate；Above-mentioned seedling medium is selected to ensure that needed for the sprouting of Pieris Formosa seed
Condition, more conventional nursery effectively increases 35% or more percentage of seedgermination；
（4）Float the selection and disinfection of disk：Disk is floated using polystyrene plastics foam（136 holes, outside dimension are 66.5 × 35
×5.5cm）, carry out disinfection when necessary：It need to be sprayed with mass concentration for 1% formalin solution when using old drift disk
It spills, is rinsed well with clear water after epiphragma is 1 day stifling；Or impregnated 1 hour for 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate with mass concentration, then use
Water is cleaned；Using new drift disk, that is, it is not necessarily to carry out disinfection；
（5）Sabot：By step（3）Gained seedling medium is packed into step（4）In the cavities for floating disk, the nursery in cavities is kept
Matrix is elastic moderate；
（6）Sowing：Annual 2~April, when ground temperature reaches 15 DEG C or more, by step（2）Treated Pieris Formosa
Seed is sown into step by 10~15 in each cavities（5）Cavities seedling medium in, ensure 3~4mm of depth of planting, can be effective
Improve germination percentage；
（7）Float the setting of water body：By step（6）The drift disk level sowed is put into step（1）Floating pool in, keep
Water temperature in floating pool is 15 DEG C, the depth of water is 10 centimetres, pH 6.5, and the water in floating pool was changed every 10 days once, to prevent tongue
Moss grows；Above-mentioned condition is very suitable for the germination of Pieris Formosa；It is to use NaHCO that wherein pH, which is 6.5,3Solution or HCl solution
It is adjusted；
（8）The application of nutritive liquid for floating breeding：From sowing to emergence, Pieris Formosa needs three months or so altogether, at this moment
Between in section, the difference of nutrient solution is required according to Pieris Formosa, is divided into two stages：
First stage：In one month after since sowing, fermentation animal wastes rich water is applied in floating pool, keeps dividing
Sub- 0.2~0.4 ㎎ of ammonia density/L；Molecule ammonia density is diluted holding with natural minerals water；
Second stage：In second month after since sowing, NH is added in floating pool4NO3, keep molecule ammonia density
0.4~0.8 ㎎/L；Molecule ammonia density is diluted holding with natural minerals water；
（9）Moss prevents：Moss is easily grown before germination in floating pool, is caused by water fertilizer deficiency, with fermentation animal
Excrement rich water keeps 0.2~0.8 ㎎ of molecule ammonia density/L, can effectively inhibit moss growth；Stromal surface is easily grown after germination
Mossy moss is that stromal surface moss control occurs not in time after germination, moss spreads to form a thin layer of covering after meeting
The sprouting of seed and the growth of seedling are hindered, 0.2~0.3 ㎏/㎡ of plant ash are spread fertilizer over the fields using stromal surface, can not only effectively be eliminated
Moss, moreover it is possible to than the planting percent that conventional seedbed system method improves 45% or more；
（10）Hardening：Carry out hardening when the seedling of Pieris Formosa grows tall to 3cm or more, when hardening will drift disk from floating
It picks up, is moved in the greenhouse of 70% sunshade net of covering shading rate in pond, being placed in place mat has on the hardening bed of the mountains 2~3cm sand, every
Seedling is sprayed for 1 ‰ urea within 10 days with mass concentration；Hardening totally 20~30 days；
（11）Transplanting：By step（10）The seedling for completing hardening is transplanted, that is, completes the nursery to Pieris Formosa.
This example germination percentage, emergence rate, planting percent are respectively 84%, 72%, 95%.
Embodiment 2
（1）Build Flotage seedling raising pool：Routinely build the floating pool of nursery：First build greenhouse, and cover White plastic film and
The shading screen of shading rate 90% builds wide 1.4 meters, 20~25 centimetres deep, length and the identical floating pool of greenhouse length in greenhouse,
Bottom of pond with fine sand or fine earth it is levelling after, the black film of paving 8 or more, ensure film it is wide >=2 meters, length is suitable with floating pool；It is floating
The clean water source of 10~15 centimetres of depths is added in floating pond.
（2）Seed treatment：The January of annual November to second year harvests Pieris Formosa seed, goes to clean after collection
Matter and not full seed, high quality seed are installed to be placed at 3 DEG C with cloth bag and be refrigerated for use；
（3）The preparation of seedling medium：Fertile soil, perlite, plant ash and general calcium is levigate to 10~15 mesh, then press humic
Soil:Perlite:Plant ash:The mass ratio of general calcium is 6.5:2.5:0.5:0.5 is uniformly mixed, and obtains seedling medium, dense with quality
The liquor potassic permanganate that degree is 0.2%, which pours seedling medium, to be spilt, and the formalin of use quality a concentration of 1.5% is poured every other day after wetting
It after wet, raised after a week with the closed disinfection of covered rearing with plastic film, adds clear water moistening again after flavour of a drug scatter and disappear naturally, keep being that hand is pinched
Agglomerating, landing nature scatters and is advisable；This is because the seed of Pieris Formosa is small（4000000 Li/㎏）, common matrix such as soil
The granular sizes such as earth, fertile soil differ so that the porosity of seed and the contact surface of matrix is excessive or too small, be easy to cause seed
Moisture overdrying or overly moist, to influence germination percentage and survival rate；Above-mentioned seedling medium is selected to ensure that Pieris Formosa seed is sprouted
Condition needed for hair, more conventional nursery effectively increase 35% or more percentage of seedgermination；
（4）Float the selection and disinfection of disk：Disk is floated using polystyrene plastics foam（162 holes, outside dimension are 66.5 × 35
×5.5cm）, carry out disinfection when necessary：It need to be carried out with mass concentration for 1.5% formalin solution when using old drift disk
Sprinkling is rinsed well after epiphragma is 2 days stifling with clear water；Or impregnated 1.5 hours for 0.4% liquor potassic permanganate with mass concentration,
It is washed with water net；Using new drift disk, that is, it is not necessarily to carry out disinfection；
（5）Sabot：By step（3）Gained seedling medium is packed into step（4）In the cavities for floating disk, the nursery in cavities is kept
Matrix is elastic moderate；
（6）Sowing：Annual 2~April, when ground temperature reaches 15 DEG C or more, by step（2）Treated Pieris Formosa
Seed is sown into step by 10~15 in each cavities（5）Cavities seedling medium in, ensure 3~4mm of depth of planting, can be effective
Improve germination percentage；
（7）Float the setting of water body：By step（6）The drift disk level sowed is put into step（1）Floating pool in, keep
Water temperature in floating pool is 20 DEG C, the depth of water is 12 centimetres, pH 7, and the water in floating pool was changed every 12 days once, to prevent moss
It grows；Above-mentioned condition is very suitable for the germination of Pieris Formosa；It is to use NaHCO that wherein pH, which is 7,3Solution or HCl solution carry out
It adjusts；
（8）The application of nutritive liquid for floating breeding：From sowing to emergence, Pieris Formosa needs three months or so altogether, at this moment
Between in section, the difference of nutrient solution is required according to Pieris Formosa, is divided into two stages：
First stage：In one month after since sowing, fermentation animal wastes rich water is applied in floating pool, keeps dividing
Sub- 0.2~0.4 ㎎ of ammonia density/L；Molecule ammonia density is diluted holding with natural minerals water；
Second stage：In second month after since sowing, NH is added in floating pool4NO3Or CN2H4O keeps dividing
Sub- 0.4~0.8 ㎎ of ammonia density/L；Molecule ammonia density is diluted holding with natural minerals water；
（9）Moss prevents：Moss is easily grown before germination in floating pool, is caused by water fertilizer deficiency, with fermentation animal
Excrement rich water keeps 0.2~0.8 ㎎ of molecule ammonia density/L, can effectively inhibit moss growth；Stromal surface is easily grown after germination
Mossy moss is that stromal surface moss control occurs not in time after germination, moss spreads to form a thin layer of covering after meeting
The sprouting of seed and the growth of seedling are hindered, 0.2~0.3 ㎏/㎡ of plant ash are spread fertilizer over the fields using stromal surface, can not only effectively be eliminated
Moss, moreover it is possible to than the planting percent that conventional seedbed system method improves 45% or more；
（10）Hardening：Carry out hardening when the seedling of Pieris Formosa grows tall to 3cm or more, when hardening will drift disk from floating
It picks up, is moved in the greenhouse of 70% sunshade net of covering shading rate in pond, being placed in place mat has on the hardening bed of the mountains 2~3cm sand, every
10 days with mass concentration be 2 ‰ composite fertilizer's solution（N:P:K=19:7:14）Spray seedling；Hardening totally 20~30 days；
（11）Transplanting：By step（10）The seedling for completing hardening is transplanted, that is, completes the nursery to Pieris Formosa.
This example germination percentage, emergence rate, planting percent are respectively 82%, 75%, 95%.
Embodiment 3
（1）Build Flotage seedling raising pool：Routinely build the floating pool of nursery：First build greenhouse, and cover White plastic film and
The shading screen of shading rate 90% builds wide 1.4 meters, 20~25 centimetres deep, length and the identical floating pool of greenhouse length in greenhouse,
Bottom of pond with fine sand or fine earth it is levelling after, the black film of paving 8 or more, ensure film it is wide >=2 meters, length is suitable with floating pool；It is floating
The clean water source of 10~15 centimetres of depths is added in floating pond.
（2）Seed treatment：The January of annual November to second year harvests Pieris Formosa seed, goes to clean after collection
Matter and not full seed, high quality seed are installed to be placed at 5 DEG C with cloth bag and be refrigerated for use；
（3）The preparation of seedling medium：Fertile soil, perlite, plant ash and general calcium is levigate to 10~15 mesh, then press humic
Soil:Perlite:Plant ash:The mass ratio of general calcium is 7:3:0.5:0.5 is uniformly mixed, and obtains seedling medium, is with mass concentration
0.3% liquor potassic permanganate, which pours seedling medium, to be spilt, after the formalin of use quality a concentration of 2% is watered every other day after wetting,
With covered rearing with plastic film it is closed disinfection raise after a week, after flavour of a drug naturally scatter and disappear after again plus clear water moistening, keep i.e. hand pinch it is agglomerating,
Landing nature scatters and is advisable；This is because the seed of Pieris Formosa is small（4000000 Li/㎏）, common matrix such as soil, humic
The granular sizes such as soil differ so that the porosity of seed and the contact surface of matrix is excessive or too small, be easy to cause seed moisture content mistake
Dry or overly moist, to influence germination percentage and survival rate；Above-mentioned seedling medium is selected to ensure that needed for the sprouting of Pieris Formosa seed
Condition, more conventional nursery effectively increases 35% or more percentage of seedgermination；
（4）Float the selection and disinfection of disk：Disk is floated using polystyrene plastics foam（162 holes, outside dimension are 66.5 × 35
×5.5cm）, carry out disinfection when necessary：It need to be sprayed with mass concentration for 2% formalin solution when using old drift disk
It spills, is rinsed well with clear water after epiphragma is 2 days stifling；Or impregnated 2 hours for 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate with mass concentration, then use
Water is cleaned；Using new drift disk, that is, it is not necessarily to carry out disinfection；
（5）Sabot：By step（3）Gained seedling medium is packed into step（4）In the cavities for floating disk, the nursery in cavities is kept
Matrix is elastic moderate；
（6）Sowing：Annual 2~April, when ground temperature reaches 15 DEG C or more, by step（2）Treated Pieris Formosa
Seed is sown into step by 10~15 in each cavities（5）Cavities seedling medium in, ensure 3~4mm of depth of planting, can be effective
Improve germination percentage；
（7）Float the setting of water body：By step（6）The drift disk level sowed is put into step（1）Floating pool in, keep
Water temperature in floating pool is 25 DEG C, the depth of water is 15 centimetres, pH 7, and the water in floating pool was changed every 15 days once, to prevent moss
It grows；Above-mentioned condition is very suitable for the germination of Pieris Formosa；It is to use NaHCO that wherein pH, which is 7,3Solution or HCl solution carry out
It adjusts；
（8）The application of nutritive liquid for floating breeding：From sowing to emergence, Pieris Formosa needs three months or so altogether, at this moment
Between in section, the difference of nutrient solution is required according to Pieris Formosa, is divided into two stages：
First stage：In one month after since sowing, fermentation animal wastes rich water is applied in floating pool, keeps dividing
Sub- 0.2~0.4 ㎎ of ammonia density/L；Molecule ammonia density is diluted holding with natural minerals water；
Second stage：In second month after since sowing, NH is added in floating pool4NO3Or CN2H4O keeps dividing
Sub- 0.4~0.8 ㎎ of ammonia density/L；Molecule ammonia density is diluted holding with natural minerals water；
（9）Moss prevents：Moss is easily grown before germination in floating pool, is caused by water fertilizer deficiency, with fermentation animal
Excrement rich water keeps 0.2~0.8 ㎎ of molecule ammonia density/L, can effectively inhibit moss growth；Stromal surface is easily grown after germination
Mossy moss is that stromal surface moss control occurs not in time after germination, moss spreads to form a thin layer of covering after meeting
The sprouting of seed and the growth of seedling are hindered, 0.2~0.3 ㎏/㎡ of plant ash are spread fertilizer over the fields using stromal surface, can not only effectively be eliminated
Moss, moreover it is possible to than the planting percent that conventional seedbed system method improves 45% or more；
（10）Hardening：Carry out hardening when the seedling of Pieris Formosa grows tall to 3cm or more, when hardening will drift disk from floating
It picks up, is moved in the greenhouse of 70% sunshade net of covering shading rate in pond, being placed in place mat has on the hardening bed of the mountains 2~3cm sand, every
10 days with mass concentration be 1 ‰ composite fertilizer's solution（N:P:K=19:7:14）Spray seedling；Hardening totally 20~30 days；
（11）Transplanting：By step（10）The seedling for completing hardening is transplanted, that is, completes the nursery to Pieris Formosa.
This example germination percentage, emergence rate, planting percent are respectively 83%, 74%, 95%.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of float seedling method of Pieris Formosa, it is characterised in that pass through following each step：
（1）Build Flotage seedling raising pool：Routinely build the floating pool of nursery；
（2）Seed treatment：The January of annual November to second year harvests Pieris Formosa seed, removed after collection impurity and
Not full seed, high quality seed are installed to be placed at 1~5 DEG C with cloth bag and be refrigerated for use；
（3）The preparation of seedling medium：Fertile soil, perlite, plant ash and general calcium is levigate to 10~15 mesh, then press fertile soil:
Perlite:Plant ash:The mass ratio of general calcium is（6~7）:（2~3）:0.5:0.5 is uniformly mixed, and obtains seedling medium, uses quality
A concentration of 0.1~0.3% liquor potassic permanganate, which pours seedling medium, to be spilt, the first of use quality a concentration of 1~2% every other day after wetting
After aldehyde solution waters, is raised after a week with the closed disinfection of covered rearing with plastic film, add clear water moistening again after flavour of a drug scatter and disappear naturally, protect
Hold hand pinch it is agglomerating, landing nature scatter；
（4）Float the selection and disinfection of disk：Disk is floated using polystyrene plastics foam, is carried out disinfection；
（5）Sabot：By step（3）Gained seedling medium is packed into step（4）In the cavities for floating disk, the seedling medium in cavities is kept
It is elastic moderate；
（6）Sowing：Annual 2~April, when ground temperature reaches 15 DEG C or more, by step（2）Treated Pieris Formosa seed
It is sown into step by 10~15 in each cavities（5）Cavities seedling medium in, ensure depth of planting 3~4mm；
（7）Float the setting of water body：By step（6）The drift disk level sowed is put into step（1）Floating pool in, keep floating
Water temperature in pond is 15~25 DEG C, the depth of water is 10~15 centimetres, pH is 6.5~7, and the water in floating pool changed one every 10~15 days
It is secondary, to prevent moss from growing；
（8）The application of nutritive liquid for floating breeding：It is divided into two stages：
First stage：In one month after since sowing, fermentation animal wastes rich water is applied in floating pool, keeps molecules of ammonia
0.2~0.4 ㎎ of concentration/L；
Second stage：In second month after since sowing, NH is added in floating pool4NO3Or CN2H4O keeps molecules of ammonia dense
Spend 0.4~0.8 ㎎/L；
（9）Moss prevents：Moss is easily grown before germination in floating pool, stromal surface easily grows moss after germination, goes out
It is removed in time after existing moss；
（10）Hardening：Carry out hardening when the seedling of Pieris Formosa grows tall to 3cm or more, when hardening will drift disk from floating pool
It picks up, moves in the greenhouse of 70% sunshade net of covering shading rate, being placed in place mat had on the hardening bed of the mountains 2~3cm sand, every 10 days
The urea or composite fertilizer's solution for being 1~2 ‰ with mass concentration spray seedling；Hardening totally 20~30 days；
（11）Transplanting：By step（10）The seedling for completing hardening is transplanted, that is, completes the nursery to Pieris Formosa.
2. float seedling method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（1）Routinely build nursery
Floating pool be the shading screen first built greenhouse, and cover White plastic film and shading rate 90%, built in greenhouse wide 1.4 meters, it is deep
20~25 centimetres, length and the identical floating pool of greenhouse length, floating pool bottom of pond with fine sand or fine earth it is levelling after, paving 8 with
On black film, ensure film it is wide >=2 meters, length is suitable with floating pool；The clean water source of 10~15 centimetres of depths is added in floating pool.
3. float seedling method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（4）Polystyrene plastics bubble
It is 136 holes or 162 holes that foam, which floats disk, and outside dimension is 66.5 × 35 × 5.5cm.
4. float seedling method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（4）In carry out disinfection be use
It need to be sprayed with the formalin solution that mass concentration is 1~2% when old drift disk, be rushed with clear water after epiphragma is 1~2 day stifling
Wash clean；Or impregnated 1~2 hour for 0.3~0.5% liquor potassic permanganate with mass concentration, it is washed with water net；Using new
Disk is floated, that is, is not necessarily to carry out disinfection.
5. float seedling method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（7）It is to make that middle pH, which is 6.5~7,
Use NaHCO3Solution or HCl solution are adjusted.
6. float seedling method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（8）Molecule ammonia density day
Right fossil water is diluted holding.
7. float seedling method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（9）Germination after matrix
Surface easily grows moss, spreads fertilizer over the fields 0.2~0.3 ㎏/㎡ of plant ash using stromal surface.
8. float seedling method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（10）Composite fertilizer's solution in N:
P:K ratios are 19:7:14.
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| CN110839491A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2020-02-28 | 常州市孟河双峰中草药科技有限公司 | Plug seedling method for salvia miltiorrhiza |
| CN110839492A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2020-02-28 | 常州市孟河双峰中草药科技有限公司 | Salvia miltiorrhiza floating seedling raising method |
| CN109452153A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-03-12 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | A kind of rush Chinese elm container seedling method for fast growing |
| CN112205249A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-01-12 | 安徽天润建筑工程集团有限公司 | High-survival-rate seedling growing and planting method |
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