CN100454992C - 处理在显示设备上显示的视频图像的方法和装置 - Google Patents
处理在显示设备上显示的视频图像的方法和装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种处理在包括由对应于图像的象素的被称为单元的发光元素构成的多个行的显示设备上显示的视频图像的方法,其中把视频帧的持续时间分为在其期间可以激活单元来发光的多个子场周期,把子场周期分为其中可以逐行寻址多个行的寻址周期、保持周期和删除周期,其中,在寻址周期中,寻址时间从一行到另一行有所不同。本发明主要用于PDP技术中。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种处理在显示设备上显示的视频图像的方法以及实现所述的方法的设备。更为具体地说,本发明涉及一种提高在诸如等离子体显示板或者其他基于光发射的占空比调制(脉冲宽度调制)的原理的其他显示设备的矩阵显示器上显示的图像的画面质量和/或者亮度的方法。
背景技术
如今,等离子体技术可以实现大尺寸并且具有非常有限的厚度而没有任何观看角度限制的平面彩色面板。显示器的尺寸可以比曾经被容许的传统CRT(阴极射线管)图像管大得多。
参考最后一代的欧洲电视,已经进行了大量的工作来改进它的画面质量。结果,像等离子体这样的新的技术必须提供与过去的标准电视技术相比一样好或者好的多的画面质量。可以以不同的参数分解画面质量,例如:
面板的良好响应保真度:具有好的响应保真度的面板确保在黑屏的中间只能有一个象素处于开(ON)并且此外,该面板必须表现好的均匀性。为了改进该均匀性,使用所谓的“起动”过程,该起动过程的目的是有规则地且在较短的时间内激发面板的全部单元。然而,由于单元的激发具有光发射的特征,触发过程将修改黑色电平。因此,必须节省地使用这个解决方案。
好的屏幕亮度:这受到面板的停滞时间即不产生光的时间,该停滞时间主要包括寻址时间和删除时间。
所有这些参数还被全部结合在一起并且最后必须选择最优的折衷来提供最好的画面质量。
等离子体显示板(PDP)使用可以只处于“开”或者“关”状态的放电单元的矩阵阵列。同时不像在其中由光发射的模拟控制来表示灰度等级的CRT或者LCD(液晶显示屏),PDP通过调制每帧中的光脉冲的数量来控制灰度等级。出于该目的,将把每个帧分解为被称为“子场”的子周期。
为了产生这些光脉冲,将在被称为等离子体的气体中出现放电并且所产生的UV(紫外线)辐射将使彩色磷光体发光。
在像已知为ADS(被分离的寻址显示)的方法的标准的寻址方法中,逐个进行子场周期的所有基本循环。为了选择应该使哪个象素发光,被称为寻址(或者扫描)的第一选择性操作将在要发光的单元中产生电荷。可以把每个等离子体单元看作长时间保持电荷的电容。此后,在发光周期内施加被称为“保持”的一般操作将在单元中增加电荷。在第一选择性操作期间寻址的单元中,将建立两次充电而这会在该单元的两个电极之间产生点火电压。在每个特定的子场的整个保持操作期间将使单元发光。
最后,删除操作将清除所有已存储的电荷以准备新的循环使用的单元。
如上所提到,PDP通过调制每帧中的光脉冲的数量来控制灰度等级。
将由眼睛在对应于人眼的时间响应的周期上对该时间调制积分。在视频处理领域,亮度等级的8位表示非常常见并且将被作为用于简化公开的实例来采用。
在这样的情况下将由以下8位的组合来表示每个等级:
1-2-4-8-16-32-64-128
为了用PDP技术实现这样的编码策略,将把帧周期分为8个发光周期(被称为子场),每一个发光周期对应于8位中的一位。位“2”的光脉冲的数量是位1的光脉冲数量的双倍,等等。对于这8个子场,可以通过子场的组合来构建256个灰度等级。用来产生该灰度调制的标准原理基于其中在不同的时间于整个面板上进行所有操作的ADS(被分离的寻址显示)原理,图1表示在帧的开始只具有一个起动的基于8位编码策略的ADS原理的实例。
每个子场SF1、SF2、SF3、…、SF8包括如图2详细展示的删除周期、寻址周期和保持周期。该图说明了除了寻址周期以外,在整个面板上以统一的方式执行所有的操作。如已经叙述的,寻址操作是逐行进行的选择性操作。通常把寻址周期的总的持续时间称为寻址时间并且在图上用Tad来表示。在标准的面板上,由于寻址时间对于所有的行是相同的所以该时间等于用于每一行的时间(T1)乘以行数(N)。在图3上可以看到该原理。
图3显示,对于特定的子场,对于每一行的寻址操作的激活具有相同的持续时间T1。则,按照Tad=N×T1来计算每个子场的全部的寻址时间,其中N表示被寻址的行的总的数量。
实际上,能够在等离子体场找到的变化只是依赖于子场自身的变化。换句话说,对于所有行的寻址时间在一个子场的写阶段内保持相同而在子场之间存在不同。
以下的表A给出了在一个实际的产品中找到的一个灵活的寻址的实例。
表A
子场 | 子场权重 | 寻址时间 |
1 | 1 | 2.2μs |
2 | 2 | 2.1μs |
3 | 3 | 2.0μs |
4 | 5 | 1.9μs |
5 | 8 | 1.9μs |
6 | 13 | 1.8μs |
7 | 19 | 1.8μs |
8 | 25 | 1.8μs |
9 | 32 | 1.7μs |
10 | 40 | 1.7μs |
11 | 49 | 1.7μs |
12 | 58 | 1.7μs |
在表A所述的实例中,当子场的权重增加时,寻址时间变短。这是因为子场包含的保持脉冲越多寻址效率越高。因此该寻址时间还可以依赖于功率管理变化。当输入图像的APL(平均功率电平)减少时,保持脉冲的总数增加并且可以如图B所示减少每个子场的寻址时间。
表B
子场 | 子场权重 | 寻址时间(APL=0%) | 寻址时间(APL=20%) | 寻址时间(APL=60%) | 寻址时间(APL=100%) |
1 | 1 | 2.2μs | 2.2μs | 2.3μs | 2.4μs |
2 | 2 | 2.1μs | 2.2μs | 2.3μs | 2.4μs |
3 | 3 | 2.0μs | 2.1μs | 2.2μs | 2.3μs |
4 | 5 | 1.9μs | 2.1μs | 2.2μs | 2.3μs |
5 | 8 | 1.9μs | 2.0μs | 2.2μs | 2.3μs |
6 | 13 | 1.8μs | 2.0μs | 2.2μs | 2.3μs |
7 | 19 | 1.8μs | 1.9μs | 2.1μs | 2.2μs |
8 | 25 | 1.8μs | 1.9μs | 2.1μs | 2.2μs |
9 | 32 | 1.7μs | 1.9μs | 2.0μs | 2.1μs |
10 | 40 | 1.7μs | 1.9μs | 2.0μs | 2.1μs |
11 | 49 | 1.7μs | 1.9μs | 2.0μs | 2.1μs |
12 | 58 | 1.7μs | 1.9μs | 2.0μs | 2.1μs |
因此,可以把寻址时间描述为两个变量的函数T1=f(SF,APL),其中SF表示子场的数量和APL表示平均功率电平(%)。
然而,在任何情况下,尽管面板是不均匀的以及像起动、保持等各种操作的影响,但是标准的面板的寻址时间从一行到另一行保持相同。
发明内容
因此,本发明提出了一种新的寻址方法,该方法至少:
通过使用更快的寻址减少停滞时间改进面板的亮度和/或者画面质量,该更快的寻址可以使用更多的保持脉冲或者更多的子场。
通过更好地优化寻址时间使得甚至对于高分辨率(需要寻址驱动器的一半)能够采用单行扫描等离子体以降低成本。
提供对于现在的动态寻址方法的一种可选择的方法。
本发明涉及一种处理在包括由对应于图像的象素的被称为单元的发光元素构成的多个行的显示设备上显示的视频图像的方法,其中把视频帧的持续时间分为在其期间可以激活单元来发光的多个子场周期,把子场周期分为可以逐行寻址多个行的寻址周期、保持周期和删除周期,其特征在于在寻址周期中,每行的寻址时间根据每行的平均寻址时间和依赖于行号的速度系数而不同。
依据优选的实施例,由公式 给出每个子场的寻址周期,其中N表示显示设备总的行数,T1(n,SF)表示每行的寻址时间并且由T1(n,SF)=T1(SF)×f(n)来定义,其中T1(SF)表示每行的平均寻址时间和被称为速度系数的f(n)表示依赖于行号的函数。
在这样的情况下,速度系数f(n)是以下一个或者多个特征的函数:
面板的均匀性给出的速度系数fh(n)触发过程效率给出的速度系数fp(n)
保持周期效率给出的速度系数fs(n)当对于每个子场使用起动过程时,速度系数f(n)等于f(n)=fh(n)×fs(n)×fp(n)。
当在每个子场的前面没有发生起动过程时,速度系数等于f(n)=fh(n)×fs(n)。
依据另一实施例,通过测量充电滞后时间(DLT)并且对于每一行采用最差的DLT值来定义总的速度系数来实验性地确定速度系数f(n)。
事实上,对于特定的面板技术确定一次速度系数f(n)并且把该系数存储在面板控制设备的存储器中。
本发明还提出了一种处理在显示设备上要显示的视频图像的装置,所述显示设备包括由与图像的像素相对应的被称为单元的发光元素构成的多个行、以及用于驱动所述单元的驱动电路,所述的装置包括接收所述RGB数据并且给出计算出的平均功率值的平均功率测量电路,和峰值白色增强控制电路,所述峰值白色增强控制电路包括用于存储与每一行相关的速度系数的存储器,且所述峰值白色增强控制电路接收计算出的平均功率值,根据所述平均功率值来计算每一行的平均寻址时间,且将寻址信号输出到所述驱动电路,从而使针对行的寻址时间取决于每行的平均寻址时间和与所述行相关的速度系数。
本发明还涉及一种执行该方法的装置,所述显示设备包括由与图像的像素相对应的被称为单元的发光元素构成的多个行、用于处理图像的RGB数据的处理电路、以及用于驱动所述单元的驱动电路,该装置包括包含用于存储与每一行相关的速度系数的存储器的峰值白色增强(PWE)控制电路。该峰值白色增强(PWE)控制电路接收计算出的平均功率值且将控制信号输出到所述处理电路和驱动电路。该存储器是PROM(可编程只读存储器)或者查询表(LUT)。
附图说明
在附图中说明了本发明的典型实施例并且在以下的描述中将更详细地解释这些实施例。
在图中:
已经描述过的图1展示了依据ADS原理的子场的结构;
已经描述过的图2详细展示了对于一个这样的子场的操作;
已经描述过的图3展示了标准的寻址波形;
图4展示依据本发明的寻址波形;
图5是封装前的面板结构的示意图;
图6是封装后的面板结构的示意图;
图7是面板的均匀性的速度系数的实例的图;
图8是起动效率的速度系数的实例的图;
图9是写入效率的速度系数的实例的图;
图10和11分别是具有起动和不具有起动的总的速度系数的实例的图;
图12和13分别是给出具有起动和不具有起动的寻址速度的图;
图14是依据本发明的设备的方框图。
具体实施方式
将参考图4来描述本发明,图4只表示一个具体的实施例。
如图4所示,行与行之间的寻址周期的长度彼此不同,正如由不同行的行1、行2、行3、...行N-1、行N的寻址脉冲T1,1、T1,2、T1,3、T1,N-1、T1,N的长度所示。在本发明的帧中,至少一行或者成组的行的寻址周期的长度不同于其它行或者其它成组的行的寻址周期的长度。
在这种情况下,每个子场的总寻址时间变为: 其中N表示总的行数。为了简化该说明,将把每一行的寻址时间定义如下:T1(n,SF)=T1(SF)×f(n),其中T1(SF)表示每一行的平均寻址时间和f(n)表示被称为速度系数的行号的函数。在这个假定下,值T1(SF)将与如今已知的标准寻址时间(例如,在表B中所示)相似并且将遵循以下相同的规则。
关于每行的寻址时间的计算,存在三种相关性(dependency):
面板的均匀性的相关性:该参数与面板在整个屏幕中不具有相同的行为的情况有关。
触发效率的相关性:起动操作可以进行快速的写入但是它的效率可以在时间上减小(依赖于面板技术)。
保持效率的相关性:保持操作直接跟在写操作之后。由于写操作的效率与面板的电容效应相关,这可以由引起保持操作的时延而改变。
在以下的图中,将描述这些参数的每一个的影响。
面板的均匀相关性:
如图5所示,等离子体的面板结构包括肋条2位于其上的背板1。该肋条限定了单元的屏障。把数据电极放置在肋条之间并且用提供三种颜色RGB(红绿蓝)的不同种类的磷光体3覆盖该数据电极。如在图5上所示,把封盖4放置在面板的边界上。封盖的高度高于肋条的高度。面板还包括接收行电极的前板5。
在这样的情况下,通过在位于背板1上的数据电极(垂直的)和位于前板5上行或者扫描电极(水平的)之间的放电进行写操作。因此,放电的效率将依赖于由肋条的高度确定的在两块面板1,5之间的距离。该距离应该在屏幕中保持不变,但是由于技术问题,实际情况不是这样。事实上,由于封盖高于肋条自身,在面板的边界上的两块面板之间的距离较大。这在图6上说明。该图显示在面板边界的数据电极和扫描电极之间的距离最大(封盖的高度)并且在面板的中间减小为最小的距离(肋条的高度)。而且,由于寻址时间将随着距离而增加,面板的均匀性的速度系数fh(n)将具有如给出沿着行的位置的速度系数的函数的图7上表示的图形上所描述的行为。已经绘出的曲线针对从顶部到底部被逐行寻址的具有480行的单行扫描的WVGA(宽视频图形阵列)面板。然而,可以使用具有或多或少的行、相反的寻址顺序、双行扫描等的各种其他的配置。
起动效率:
已经知道写操作之前可以进行一种被称为起动的单元的预先离子化,该起动改进了写过程。在起动阶段期间,在单元内设置一些电荷以减少它的惰性。显而易见,该起动效率将随着时间减小而且电荷也将随着时间减少。换句话说,对在起动操作之后直接写的第一行的寻址会比对最后写的行(最后的行)的寻址快得多。由于这样的行为,对应的速度系数fp(n)将具有在图8的图形上所描述的行为。
寻址效率和保持操作:
写操作基于将在稍后被保持的单元内的电荷的产生。如在起动电荷的情况下,在保持操作发生之前写电荷也将随着时间减少。换句话说,对位于保持周期之前不久的行(最后的行)寻址会比对其他的行(前面的行)的寻址更快。由于这样的行为,对应的速度系数fs(n)将具有如在图9的图形上所描述的行为。
依据本发明,总的速度系数将是以上的速度系数的一个或者多个的组合。除此之外,总的速度系数依赖于在每个子场的前面是否存在像例如在以同一公司的名义申请的WO 00/46782中所描述的起动操作。
因此,当子场的前面存在起动操作时,总的速度系数将是如图10所示的以f(n)=fh(n)×fp(n)×fs(n)的形式的所有的前述三个系数的组合。
当子场的前面不存在起动操作时,总的速度系数将是如图11所示的以f(n)=fh(n)×fs(n)的形式的只是与面板的均匀性相关的速度系数和与写效率相关的速度系数的这两个系数的组合。
显然,依据面板的技术,先前描述的速度系数函数的一个或者多个可以具有不同的行为并且这将对总的曲线的形态具有直接的影响。而且,在此出现的所有曲线只是与指定技术有关的实例。在任何情况下,对于每一种技术和每个新的过程应该明确面板的速度特征。
以上已经通过计算来确定速度系数。然而,可以用优于理论性方法的实验性的方法来进行总的速度系数的计算。出于这个目的,对于已起动或者未起动的子场的情况将在屏幕中测量放电滞后时间(DLT)或者写放电抖动。使用与在写放电期间发生的IR(红外线)发射适配的光传感器来进行该测量。此时在写操作的开始和放电之间测量的时延定义了所谓的DLT。为了定义总的速度系数对于每一行应该测量DLT的最差的情况。
过去,为特定的面板选择寻址速度,从而在带有用于写和保持的一定的电压余量的整个屏幕上具有优良的响应保真度和均匀性得。这些种类的测量已导致了如表A和B所示的寻址表的定义。然而,当为特定的模式选取的寻址速度是2.1μs时(例如,表B中对应于APL=20%和第三子场),这意味着该速度对应于最临界的情况。换句话说,它对应于最差的行。
然而,使用本发明的概念,对于每一行可以获得不同的寻址速度。事实上,对于成组的行寻址速度可以相同。对于至少一行更改寻址速度。则可以适配每一行的速度以致于最差的行将在2.1μs。以下对于具有起动的一个子场和不具有起动的一个子场的情况来说明这个问题。
在与具有起动的子场相关的图12所呈现的结果中,最差的情况位于最后寻址的行但是该平均寻址速度现在为1.18μs而不是2.1μs。换句话说,对于480行来说,全部的寻址周期将是566μs而不是1008μs。
在与未具有起动的子场相关的图12所呈现的情况中,最差的情况位于第一寻址的行但是该平均寻址速度现在为1.42μs而不是2.1μs。换句话说,对于480行来说,全部的寻址周期将是682μs而不是1008μs。
如已经叙述的,在此呈现的所有值只是简化本公开所需要的实例。由于它们直接涉及面板的技术,应该谨慎采用这些结果。
图14表示用于执行本发明的方法的设备的可能的实现。在PCT申请WO 00/46782中已经描述了这个类型的设备。它包括视频解灰度系数电路10。在平均功率测量电路11中分析来自电路10的RGB数据,该平均功率电路向PWE(峰值白色增强)控制电路12提供计算出的平均功率值(APL)。可以如下进行一个计算: 其中M表示象素的总量。控制PWE电路12查询位于LUT(查询表)中的它内部的功率电平模式表并且对于另外处理电路直接产生所选择的模式控制信号。它选择要使用的保持脉冲表和要使用的子场编码表。它同时控制RGB象素数据写到帧存储器14(WR)、从第二帧存储器14中读RGB子场数据(RD)和串并转换电路15(SP)。最后它产生驱动PDP驱动器电路所需要的扫描和保持脉冲。同时在这样的情况下,将从LUT 16中获取寻址信号的长度(寻址速度)并且这是面板的每一行的寻址信号的长度。
需要两帧的存储器。数据以象素顺序写入而以子场顺序读出。为了读取全部的第一子场,整个帧必须已经存在于存储器中。在实际的实施中存在两个完整的帧存储器,并且当正在写一个帧存储器的同时正在读取另一个帧存储器,从而以这样的方式来避免读取错误的数据。在已优化了成本的结构中,两个帧存储器可以位于相同的SDRAM存储器IC上并且对于这两个帧的访问是分时复用的。
对于特定的面板技术将根据本发明的概念对所有参数进行一次完整的计算并且然后把该计算结果存储在等离子体专用IC的PROM或者LUT中。
Claims (9)
1.一种处理在包括由对应于图像的象素的被称为单元的发光元素构成的多个行的显示设备上显示的视频图像的方法,其中把视频帧的持续时间分为在其期间可以激活单元来发光的多个子场周期,把子场周期分为其中逐行寻址多个行的寻址周期、保持周期和删除周期,其特征在于在寻址周期中,每行的寻址时间根据每行的平均寻址时间和依赖于行号的速度系数而不同。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于每个子场SF的寻址周期Tad由公式 给出,
其中N表示显示设备的总的行数,
T1(n,SF)表示每行的寻址时间并且由T1(n,SF)=T1(SF)×f(n)来定义,其中T1(SF)表示每一行的平均寻址时间和被称为速度系数的f(n)表示依赖于行号n的函数。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于速度系数f(n)是以下的一个或者多个特征的函数:
面板的均匀性给出的速度系数fh(n)
触发过程效率给出的速度系数fp(n)
保持周期效率给出的速度系数fs(n)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于当把起动过程用于每个子场时,速度系数f(n)等于:
f(n)=fh(n)×fs(n)×fp(n)。
5.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于当在每个子场的前面不存在起动过程时,速度系数f(n)等于:
f(n)=fh(n)×fs(n)。
6.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于通过测量放电滞后时间并且获取对于每一行的放电滞后时间的最差的值实验性地确定速度系数f(n)来定义总的速度系数。
7.根据权利要求2到6之一所述的方法,其特征在于对于特定的面板技术确定一次速度系数f(n)并且把该速度系数存储在面板控制设备的存储器中。
8.一种处理在显示设备上要显示的视频图像的装置,所述显示设备包括由与图像的像素相对应的被称为单元的发光元素构成的多个行、以及用于驱动所述单元的驱动电路,
所述的装置包括接收RGB数据并且给出计算出的平均功率值的平均功率测量电路,和
峰值白色增强控制电路,所述峰值白色增强控制电路包括用于存储与每一行相关的速度系数的存储器,且所述峰值白色增强控制电路接收计算出的平均功率值,根据所述平均功率值来计算每一行的平均寻址时间,且将寻址信号输出到所述驱动电路,从而使针对行的寻址时间取决于每行的平均寻址时间和与所述行相关的速度系数。
9.根据权利要求8所述的装置,其特征在于该存储器是PROM或者查询表。
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JP3765381B2 (ja) * | 2000-05-25 | 2006-04-12 | パイオニア株式会社 | プラズマディスプレイ装置 |
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-
2002
- 2002-05-22 EP EP02291252A patent/EP1365378A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-05-02 KR KR10-2003-0028162A patent/KR20030091046A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-05-13 US US10/437,105 patent/US7145521B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-13 JP JP2003134399A patent/JP4951197B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-05-15 TW TW092113158A patent/TWI228928B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-05-21 CN CNB031378269A patent/CN100454992C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-08-15 JP JP2011177757A patent/JP2011227535A/ja active Pending
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US6388677B1 (en) * | 1997-04-25 | 2002-05-14 | Thomson Multimedia | Addressing process for a plasma display based on repeating bits on one or more lines |
CN1338093A (zh) * | 1999-02-01 | 2002-02-27 | 汤姆森许可贸易公司 | 显示装置的功率电平控制方法和实现该方法的装置 |
EP1174850A1 (en) * | 2000-01-26 | 2002-01-23 | Deutsche Thomson-Brandt Gmbh | Method for processing video pictures for display on a display device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1365378A1 (en) | 2003-11-26 |
TW200400763A (en) | 2004-01-01 |
TWI228928B (en) | 2005-03-01 |
US7145521B2 (en) | 2006-12-05 |
JP2011227535A (ja) | 2011-11-10 |
KR20030091046A (ko) | 2003-12-01 |
JP2004004841A (ja) | 2004-01-08 |
JP4951197B2 (ja) | 2012-06-13 |
CN1459980A (zh) | 2003-12-03 |
US20030217872A1 (en) | 2003-11-27 |
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