CN100403877C - Highly efficient tier rack type straw mushroom cultivation method - Google Patents
Highly efficient tier rack type straw mushroom cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100403877C CN100403877C CNB2005100333034A CN200510033303A CN100403877C CN 100403877 C CN100403877 C CN 100403877C CN B2005100333034 A CNB2005100333034 A CN B2005100333034A CN 200510033303 A CN200510033303 A CN 200510033303A CN 100403877 C CN100403877 C CN 100403877C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for cultivating straw mushrooms, particularly to an efficient tier rack type method in which straw, seed cottons, etc. are used as main raw materials to cultivate straw mushrooms. Soil, such as soil from vegetable fields, pond mud, etc., and quicklime are added to raw materials according to the traditional preparation; clean water or nutrient fluid is added to the mixture materials, stirred, intensively sterilized and cooled; then, the strain is added to the mixture materials for uniform stir; the mixture materials are laid on the rack or in a specific plastic basket; a thick plastic film with holes drilled uniformly in advance covers the whole cloth surface and is pulled tightly; the mushrooms can be output after being cultivated for 8 to 10 days at the temperature of 28 to 38 DEG C. The present invention can increase the yield and the quality of the mushrooms, enhance the efficiency of production operation and the cleanness of operation environment, enhance the heat preservation and water preservation performance of the cultivation materials, and easily realize mechanization production operation.
Description
[affiliated technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of method of Volvaria volvacea cultivation, relating in particular to a kind of is the highly efficient tier rack type straw mushroom cultivation method of primary raw material with materials such as straw, dregs of rice unginned cottons.
[background technology]
At present, the commonsense method of tier rack type straw mushroom cultivation is: add water after raw material mixes by prescription and soaked in the pond 12-24 hour, pick up the excessive moisture that dries in the air to no seepage flow, be taped against on the indoor multilayer frame, the about 12-20 of every bed thickness centimetre, the straw material is then thicker relatively in this way, full chamber is heated to 65-75 ℃, keep raw material being carried out pasteurize in 6-10 hour, treat that the composts or fertilisers of cultivating temperature drops to after 38-40 ℃ naturally and insert the chunky shape solid spawn that accounts for composts or fertilisers of cultivating 10-15%, cultivated 3-5 days down at 32-36 ℃, spray replenished volume moisture (beating fruiting water) when mycelia was covered with composts or fertilisers of cultivating, need heat when material temperature is reduced to 28 ℃ down, keep 28-33 ℃ and increasing ventilation and illumination 4-8 days, straw mushroom fruit body (mushroom body) can take place.This traditional method, the insulation water retention property is poor; It is overstocked or situation such as dredge excessively to be prone to sporophore growth, causes the little or output of mushroom deformation to reduce; Irregular outer surface strengthened when adopting mushroom because of mycelia involve fracture cause on every side little mushroom stop growing drying shrinkage, go out mycelia convalescence before next damp mushroom prolong, assorted bacterium is taken advantage of a weak point easily and the mushroom pin is taken composts or fertilisers of cultivating out of and influenced product quality; Production efficiency is low, and the worm fly is gathered, dances in the air all over the sky when mushroom field raw material soaking and windrow, phenomenon that the Yu Shuizhong that part nutriment is dissolved in immersion runs off and waste water overflows, and environmental pollution is serious, and is difficult for realization mechanization production operation in operation.
[summary of the invention]
At the existing defective of traditional Volvaria volvacea cultivation method, the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of raising composts or fertilisers of cultivating insulation water retention property, and there are smooth, clean fruiting face and suitable fruiting density to control, increase straw mushroom output and improve the quality, improve production operation efficiency, operating environment cleaning, easily realize the highly efficient tier rack type straw mushroom cultivation method of mechanization production operation.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following method step:
1, raw material is by conventional formulation, and add in addition: accounting for the earth of raw material 30-50% dry weight, is good with vegetable garden soil, pond sludge, and accounts for the quicklime mixing of raw material 3-8%;
2, compound is added 1.0-1.5 clear water or nutrient solution doubly and mix thoroughly, put into 128 ℃ of sterilizations of pressure cooker 2-3 hour or fed high-temperature steam and carry out pasteurize at material pond epiphragma;
3, compound is cooled off after 38-40 ℃ under sterile environment and operation, add the liquid spawn that accounts for compound 5-10% chunky shape solid spawn or 2-5%, spread after mixing thoroughly in the plastic crate of bedstead or customization, plastic crate is to be staggeredly stacked to form a layer frame, expect thick 5-12 centimetre, the compacting of clapping slightly;
4, with accomplish fluently diameter 1-5cm in advance, by 100-500 hole/m
2The thick plastic film that evenly distribute, thickness is 0.06-0.1mm covers whole charge level and tension, but the material temperature is cultivated 8-10 days fruitings at 28-38 ℃, therebetween as dry weather, composts or fertilisers of cultivating do partially or how damp fruiting after moisture loss bigger, can adopt the drip irrigation method of 50 centimetres of spacings to add the nutrient solution of clear water or sterilization.
The present invention is rich in humus by the composts or fertilisers of cultivating interpolation and mineral matter, pine stick appropriate soil, nutriment source and abundance have been increased on the one hand, increase the composts or fertilisers of cultivating water binding capacity on the other hand and smooth fruiting plane is provided, for composts or fertilisers of cultivating based on straw one class raw material, because loosely organized, particle diameter is big, water evaporates is fast, generally be difficult to satisfy the stable aqueous amount in minimum 10-12 days cultivation cycles, sneak into the ventilative soil of water conservation and can significantly reduce moisture loss, improve the agglomerate of medium, the composts or fertilisers of cultivating water content that can satisfy substantially in the growth cycle is stable.The interpolation of soil has changed the plasticity of composts or fertilisers of cultivating and the flatness on surface, very helping mycelia each growth and mushroom body to equivalent is taken place by the mycelia cohesion, in addition, nitrogen in the soil and mineral salt kind are abundanter, but balance is replenished the nutrient of traditional organic composts or fertilisers of cultivating, improves straw mushroom quality and output.
Composts or fertilisers of cultivating of the present invention is concentrated spice, sterilization (or sterilization), and efficiency obviously improves.The killing rate of assorted bacterium or worm's ovum is distributed to each mushroom room than composts or fertilisers of cultivating, and is much higher to the logical steam in whole room again, reduces more than 3 times the corresponding reduction of actual consumption heat time heating time.After preparing, raw material directly enters the isolation of sealing dissipation and inoculated and cultured, the common sight that the worm fly is gathered, dances in the air all over the sky when not having traditional mushroom field raw material soaking and windrow, phenomenon that the Yu Shuizhong that has avoided part nutriment to be dissolved in immersion simultaneously runs off and waste water overflows, keep clean environment easily, and in operation, can realize mechanization.
Inoculation operation of the present invention is broadcast operation from the program request that disperses or layer and is changed into concentrating and carry out, and composts or fertilisers of cultivating and bacterial classification add in proportion and fully mix thoroughly.Because strains'distribution is even, but lower liquid spawn or the solid spawn of proportion of utilization and sends out bacterium fast and neat, is exposed at composts or fertilisers of cultivating to help the straw mushroom mycelia under the state of air ambient and cover with as early as possible, eliminates the space that the mould evil is given birth to.Operation such as spice, stone is fit to the development trend of mechanization, large-scale production.
The present invention can improve the insulation and the water retention property of composts or fertilisers of cultivating greatly with the tight covering composts or fertilisers of cultivating of plastic foil with holes, be distributed with and cause, the fenestra that the aperture is fit to had both satisfied airing function, the position of mushroom bulk-growth when being fruiting again, can avoid sporophore growth overstocked or cross and to dredge the little or underproduction of mushroom shape that causes, smooth, tight, the fracture that involves that clean coverlay outer surface can reduce when adopting mushroom because of mycelia causes the on every side little mushroom drying shrinkage that stops growing, go out the preceding mycelia convalescence prolongation of next damp mushroom, assorted bacterium is taken advantage of a weak point easily and the mushroom pin is taken composts or fertilisers of cultivating out of and influenced very common problem at present such as commercial quality.
The present invention can select to adopt the drip irrigation method to carry out composts or fertilisers of cultivating moisturizing or nutrient solution, and fluid infusion is even, and loss is little, and quantity can accurately control, and helps carrying out scientific experimentation, mechanization production and increases later stage output.Have only 20-30% for biological transformation ratio, the straw mushroom that is in minimum occurrence attitude in each edible fungus variety produces industry, can increase the total yield by increasing later stage output.
The present invention can select to adopt the plastic crate of customization, realizes that composts or fertilisers of cultivating is concentrated to mat formation, collect the dress carrying, directly interlock on the flooring and be stacked into the multilayer layer frame, and staggered space can become the growth of straw mushroom and the space of gathering.The integral body of waste material went out clearly after the entering and cultivate of composts or fertilisers of cultivating finished, in operation, waste material is pushed bed surface than the tradition employing, cleaning is carried efficient, laborsaving and is cleaned manyly one by one again, huge for quantity, account for total amount of labour Volvaria volvacea cultivation charging and discharging link over half, the method has very high practicality.
[embodiment]
Embodiment
Press following preparation raw material: fibrous material 70-90% such as dregs of rice unginned cotton straw, wheat bran, nitrogenous source material 5-20% such as rice bran, CaO2-5%, additive 0.5-3% such as mineral salt, add the earth that accounts for raw material 30-50% dry weight in addition, earth is with vegetable garden soil, pond sludge is good, adding 1--1.5 clear water or nutrient solution doubly after the quicklime of 3-8% mixes again mixes thoroughly, concentrate to put into 128 ℃ of sterilizations of pressure cooker 2-3 hour or fed high-temperature sterilization steam and carry out pasteurization at material pond epiphragma, compound cools off after 38-40 ℃ under the sterile environment operation, add the liquid spawn that accounts for compound 5-10% chunky shape solid spawn or 2-5%, spread after mixing thoroughly in the plastic crate of bedstead or customization, plastic crate is to be staggeredly stacked to form a layer frame.Expect thick 5-12 centimetre, the compacting of clapping slightly, with accomplish fluently diameter 1-5cm in advance, by 100-500 hole/m
2The thick plastic film that evenly distribute, thickness is 0.06-0.1mm covers whole charge level and tension, but the material temperature is cultivated 8-10 days fruitings at 28-38 ℃.As dry weather, moisture loss is bigger behind the dried or how damp partially fruiting of composts or fertilisers of cultivating therebetween, can adopt the drip irrigation method interpolation clear water of 50 centimetres of spacings or the nutrient solution of sterilization.
Claims (2)
1. tier rack type straw mushroom cultivation method is characterized in that method step is as follows:
(1), by following preparation raw material: dregs of rice unginned cotton or straw 70-90%, wheat bran 5-20%, CaO 2-5%, additive 0.5-3%, adding in addition: account for the vegetable garden soil or the pond sludge of raw material 30-50% dry weight, and account for the quicklime mixing of raw material 3-8%;
(2), compound added 1.0--1.5 clear water or nutrient solution doubly mix thoroughly, concentrate to put into 128 ℃ of sterilizations of pressure cooker 2-3 hour or fed high-temperature steam and carry out pasteurize at material pond epiphragma;
(3), compound is cooled off after 38-40 ℃ under sterile environment and operation, add the liquid spawn that accounts for compound 5-10% chunky shape solid spawn or 2-5%, spread after mixing thoroughly in the plastic crate of bedstead or customization, plastic crate is to be staggeredly stacked to form a layer frame, expect thick 5-12 centimetre, the compacting of clapping slightly;
(4), with accomplish fluently diameter 1-5cm in advance, by 100-500 hole/m
2The thick plastic film that evenly distribute, thickness is 0.06-0.1mm covers whole charge level and tension, but the material temperature is cultivated 8-10 days fruitings at 28-38 ℃, therebetween as dry weather, composts or fertilisers of cultivating do partially or how damp fruiting after moisture loss bigger, can adopt the drip irrigation method of 50 centimetres of spacings to add the nutrient solution of clear water or sterilization.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that composts or fertilisers of cultivating and bacterial classification are mixed thoroughly, spread bedstead then or the plastic crate of the customization of packing into, concentrate and mat formation, collect dress carrying, the direct staggered multilayer layer frame that is stacked on the flooring, form the staggered space in the growth of straw mushroom and the space of gathering, simultaneously to composts or fertilisers of cultivating enter and cultivate finish after waste material go out to carry out integrated operation clearly.
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| CN100403877C true CN100403877C (en) | 2008-07-23 |
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Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101574041B (en) * | 2009-06-15 | 2011-06-29 | 广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Straw mushroom secondary cultivation method |
| CN102173949B (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2013-03-20 | 南京市蔬菜科学研究所 | Straw mushroom culture medium and method for circularly cultivating straw mushrooms |
| CN102498930A (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-06-20 | 成都榕珍菌业有限公司 | Method for cultivating straw mushrooms by utilizing pleurotus eryngii fungi residues |
| CN102523917B (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2013-08-07 | 广东省微生物研究所 | Method for cultivating straw mushroom |
| CN103342598A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-10-09 | 邬金飞 | Mushroom stock culture material, and preparation method of culture material |
| CN103420734B (en) * | 2013-08-22 | 2015-02-25 | 邬金飞 | Medicine compatibility and manufacturing method of straw mushroom cultivation material |
| CN103553827B (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2015-05-13 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing straw mushroom cultivation material from sugarcane leaf blades and sugarcane leaf tips |
| CN105145118A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-12-16 | 付顺 | Mushroom producing frame used for three-dimensional planting of chestnut mushrooms in greenhouse and method for three-dimensional planting of chestnut mushrooms in greenhouse |
| CN105684732A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-22 | 柳州市宣荣农业有限公司 | Volvariella volvacea culturing method |
| CN109983986A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-07-09 | 安顺学院 | A kind of novel Volvaria volvacea cultivation material formula |
| CN112840948A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-05-28 | 苏久炎 | Cultivation method of tricholoma matsutake |
| CN114175965A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-03-15 | 林建伟 | Edible fungus hole-fixing rapid fruiting method |
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- 2005-02-28 CN CNB2005100333034A patent/CN100403877C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Address after: 510070 Biotechnology Building, No. 100 Xianlie Middle Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: GUANGDONG INSTITUTE OF MICROBIOLOGY (GUANGDONG DETECTION CENTER OF MICROBIOLOGY) Address before: 510070 Biotechnology Building, No. 100 Xianlie Middle Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: Guangdong Institute of Microbiology |
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