CN105198521A - Turfy soil straw mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a turfy soil straw mushroom culture medium and a preparation method thereof. The turfy soil straw mushroom culture medium is prepared from, by weight, rice straw, 4% NaOH solutions, lactic acid, limestone powder, dried cow dung, rice bran, sodium bicarbonate, clay, charcoal, sorghum grain stillage, urea and an appropriate amount of water. The turfy soil straw mushroom culture medium is characterized in that a matrix uniform in nutrition is used as the culture medium of straw mushrooms, the turfy soil straw mushroom culture medium pays attention to the improvement of the straw mushroom product quality and the stress resistance at the straw mushroom planting stage, dried cow dung, rice bran and other organic matter are mixed, clay and trace of mineral elements are added, charcoal soil in the humus state is finally obtained through fermentation under a certain condition, nutrition is uniform and comprehensive, the turfy soil straw mushroom culture medium is convenient to absorb, and environment pollution is reduced.

Description

A kind of turfy soil straw mushroom medium and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the Technology field of culture medium of edible fungus, be specifically related to a kind of turfy soil straw mushroom medium and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Straw mushroom is suitable for growing under higher levels of humidity condition, and Compost moisture content is about 70%, and relative air humidity 90-95% is suitable.Atmospheric moisture lower than 80% time, sporophore growth is slow, and surface irregularity is matt, higher than 96% time, mushroom body is downright bad and morbidity easily.

Straw mushroom vegetative growth phase requires tight to illumination, can normal growth under no light condition, proceeds to the induction that generative growth phase needs light, could produce sporophore.But avoid high light, suitable illumination 50-100lx.The color and luster of sporophore is relevant with illumination power, and under high light, straw mushroom color is pitch black, band gloss, and under the low light level, look dimer, even white.

Research shows, glucose, fructose, sucrose, peptone, asparagine, glutaminase etc. are all the good carbon and nitrogen sources of straw mushroom, and straw, waste cotton, bagasse etc. are the main raws of cultivating straw mushroom.Analysis shows, waste cotton Mid-Heaven Gate winter acid amides, glutaminase comparatively horn of plenty, and both content account for 1/3 of its total amino acid content, visible, and waste cotton is the ideal material of cultivating straw mushroom.But the nitrogen content of waste cotton differs, between 0.25-1.45%, and straw mushroom compost nitrogen content is advisable with 0.6-1%, and supplementary soyflour can improve output.

Straw mushroom requires between 4-10.3 pH, and basidiospore germination rate, with the highest during pH7.5, mycelia and sporophore stage, is suitable for pH4.7-6.5 and 8.

Summary of the invention

In order to improve straw mushroom growing nutrient utilization ratio, change the shortcoming of straw mushroom base portion instability, the present invention, by innovating the substratum of plantation straw mushroom, strengthens the nutrient utilization that straw mushroom base portion takes up an area stability and improves substratum, realizes particular by following methods:

A kind of turfy soil straw mushroom medium, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: rice straw 10 ~ 14,4%NaOH solution 15 ~ 20, lactic acid 10 ~ 12, limestone powder 5 ~ 8, dry cow dung 30 ~ 40, rice bran 40 ~ 50, sodium bicarbonate 6 ~ 8, clay 20 ~ 25, charcoal 5 ~ 10, Chinese sorghum vinasse 20 ~ 30, urea 2 ~ 5 and appropriate water;

A preparation method for turfy soil straw mushroom medium, is characterized in that, comprises following step:

(1) rice straw is first cut into the fragment of length 8 ~ 10cm, then put into 4%NaOH solution and soak 4 ~ 5h, pull out after completing and cross clean water 2 ~ 3 times, then preservation 10 ~ 12h in 20 DEG C of environment, for subsequent use;

(2) lactic acid is mixed with the water of equivalent be placed in heating container, be heated to boil, then the rice straw of (1) gained is put into pot, stirrer is transferred to after continuing to boil 4 ~ 5h, stir and pulverize, utilize filter screen filtration to go out modified straw, with clear water drip washing 2 ~ 3 times, precipitation filtrates obtains mesophyll part;

(3) combined lime stone powder, dry cow dung, rice bran, sodium bicarbonate, clay, charcoal, Chinese sorghum vinasse and urea, pile in heaps, outside plastic cloth covers parcel, and water spray soaks to water content 55 ~ 60%, and temperature 30 ~ 35 DEG C of heat-preservation fermentations become the turfy soil that becomes thoroughly decomposed in 30 ~ 40 days;

(4) first the mesophyll part described in (2) is added in the turfy soil of (3), the modified straw described in (2) is admixed after mixing, adjust water content 70 ~ 75% after stirrer rolling stirring 30 ~ 40min, finally tamp and cultivate in frame in the bedstead formula of dark 8 ~ 12cm.

The present invention studies under traditional processing condition, find agricultural crop straw mushroom substratum field to be applied in future will be apply widely, here emphatically the stalk that modification obtains having certain function is carried out to agricultural crop straw, principle is that agricultural crop straw siccative is first cut into fragment, then the soaking with sodium hydroxide of alkalescence is added, the mesophyll of initial gross separation stalk and wooden part, be separated and obtain the wooden part of comparatively pure stalk, test proves that it possesses certain toughness feature, and according to paddy rice or the stalk of wheat, its wood substance component mainly xylogen formed dimension pipe, that paddy rice is for carrying the direct pipeline of nutritive substance and moisture.

Due to some Mierocrystalline cellulose meat composition of wooden part dimension tube cell, need can reach best effect to xylogen with cellulosic further separation, finished product stalk through modification is grouped into by fascicular one-tenth mostly, for the preparation of the substratum of mushroom, advantage is: the conveying of nutritive substance and moisture, because mushroom (here for straw mushroom) is generally stablized for the base portion absorbing nutrition and moisture unlike the root system of real plant with putting, illegally occupy complicated and have stronger receptivity, so mushroom is general and substratum contact surface is little, easy lodging, complicated root system is not had yet, so the nutriment near mushroom base portion often can only be utilized, and the globality effect of substratum can not be given full play to, here modified straw fragment just in time just serves as the effect of thalline " root system ", make full use of medium component.

Test proves: accurately take a certain amount of pretreated lactic acid, move in the triangular flask of 250ml, water-bath flask being placed in certain temperature is incubated 4h, by suction filtration in reactant transfer to Büchner funnel, solid-phase component obtained above is washed respectively with 100 DEG C of lactic acid and distilled water, then drain, be placed in 105 DEG C of baking ovens to dry, obtain acid lignin component, filtrate adds 5 times of distilled water and leaves standstill a night with behind sodium hydroxide adjustment pH to 5 ~ 6, centrifugation removing supernatant liquor, lower floor's filter residue puts into 105 DEG C of baking ovens to be dried and get final product.Test of many times is reached a conclusion: when treatment temp is about 120 DEG C, the effect be separated is best, principle is that lactic acid have certain activation to fiber, different time and temperature all can affect the separating effect of Mierocrystalline cellulose and xylogen, high temperature is conducive to the LCC connecting key between lactic acid molecules destruction xylogen and Mierocrystalline cellulose, more xylogen is separated, and the optimal separation effect of xylogen is 73.8%.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: feature is that the matrix using nutrition homogeneous is as the substratum cultivating straw mushroom, focus on straw mushroom quality product and the raising improving straw mushroom plantation stage resistance, the mineral element of clay and trace will be added after organic to dry cow dung and rice bran etc. mixing, final fermentation under certain condition becomes the charcoal soil of humic state, that nutrition is homogeneous and comprehensive, be convenient to absorb simultaneously, reduce environmental pollution.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

A kind of turfy soil straw mushroom medium, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part (Kg): rice straw 12,4%NaOH solution 16, lactic acid 12, limestone powder 7, dry cow dung 35, rice bran 45, sodium bicarbonate 7, clay 23, charcoal 8, Chinese sorghum vinasse 24, urea 4 and appropriate water;

A preparation method for turfy soil straw mushroom medium, is characterized in that, comprises following step:

(1) rice straw is first cut into the fragment of length 8 ~ 10cm, then put into 4%NaOH solution and soak 4 ~ 5h, pull out after completing and cross clean water 2 ~ 3 times, then preservation 10 ~ 12h in 20 DEG C of environment, for subsequent use;

(2) lactic acid is mixed with the water of equivalent be placed in heating container, be heated to boil, then the rice straw of (1) gained is put into pot, stirrer is transferred to after continuing to boil 4 ~ 5h, stir and pulverize, utilize filter screen filtration to go out modified straw, with clear water drip washing 2 ~ 3 times, precipitation filtrates obtains mesophyll part;

(3) combined lime stone powder, dry cow dung, rice bran, sodium bicarbonate, clay, charcoal, Chinese sorghum vinasse and urea, pile in heaps, outside plastic cloth covers parcel, and water spray soaks to water content 55 ~ 60%, and temperature 30 ~ 35 DEG C of heat-preservation fermentations become the turfy soil that becomes thoroughly decomposed in 30 ~ 40 days;

(4) first the mesophyll part described in (2) is added in the turfy soil of (3), the modified straw described in (2) is admixed after mixing, adjust water content 70 ~ 75% after stirrer rolling stirring 30 ~ 40min, finally tamp and cultivate in frame in the bedstead formula of dark 8 ~ 12cm.

Use a kind of turfy soil straw mushroom medium of the present invention for the planting experiment of straw mushroom, adopt the bedstead bedstead formula of length × wide=8 × 2m, high 15 ~ 20cm to cultivate; experimental group adopts substratum of the present invention; control group uses conventional medium, and routine servicing is all identical with management, and result shows: experimental group substratum clean hygiene; protection of the environment; free from extraneous odour, cost is lower, the straw mushroom growing way of plantation and everyway better than control group; strengthen straw mushroom resistance, quality is better.

Claims (2)

1. a turfy soil straw mushroom medium, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: rice straw 10 ~ 14,4%NaOH solution 15 ~ 20, lactic acid 10 ~ 12, limestone powder 5 ~ 8, dry cow dung 30 ~ 40, rice bran 40 ~ 50, sodium bicarbonate 6 ~ 8, clay 20 ~ 25, charcoal 5 ~ 10, Chinese sorghum vinasse 20 ~ 30, urea 2 ~ 5 and appropriate water.

2. the preparation method of a kind of turfy soil straw mushroom medium according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise following step:

(1) rice straw is first cut into the fragment of length 8 ~ 10cm, then put into 4%NaOH solution and soak 4 ~ 5h, pull out after completing and cross clean water 2 ~ 3 times, then preservation 10 ~ 12h in 20 DEG C of environment, for subsequent use;

(2) lactic acid is mixed with the water of equivalent be placed in heating container, be heated to boil, then the rice straw of (1) gained is put into pot, stirrer is transferred to after continuing to boil 4 ~ 5h, stir and pulverize, utilize filter screen filtration to go out modified straw, with clear water drip washing 2 ~ 3 times, precipitation filtrates obtains mesophyll part;

(3) combined lime stone powder, dry cow dung, rice bran, sodium bicarbonate, clay, charcoal, Chinese sorghum vinasse and urea, pile in heaps, outside plastic cloth covers parcel, and water spray soaks to water content 55 ~ 60%, and temperature 30 ~ 35 DEG C of heat-preservation fermentations become the turfy soil that becomes thoroughly decomposed in 30 ~ 40 days;

(4) first the mesophyll part described in (2) is added in the turfy soil of (3), the modified straw described in (2) is admixed after mixing, adjust water content 70 ~ 75% after stirrer rolling stirring 30 ~ 40min, finally tamp and cultivate in frame in the bedstead formula of dark 8 ~ 12cm.