CN100374004C

CN100374004C - Method for growing potato in rice-field of slack season in winter

Info

Publication number: CN100374004C
Application number: CNB2005100318922A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 熊兴耀; 刘明月; 何长征
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Xiong Xingyao
Priority date: 2005-07-20
Filing date: 2005-07-20
Publication date: 2008-03-12
Anticipated expiration: 2025-07-20
Also published as: CN1723752A

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for growing potatoes in idle rice fields in winter, which comprises the following steps: (1), variety selection: selecting early ripening varieties with the advantages of short growth period and strong adaptability; (2), potato seed treatment: soaking seed potatoes, cutting, drying in air and mixing chemical with seeds; (3), soil preparation and fertilizer application: ditching on idle rice fields in winter, making furrows and applying nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potash fertilizer on furrow surfaces; (4), real-time seeding: usually seeding in the middle third and the last third of December; (5), the covering of potato seeds with rice straws and ground films: covering distributed potato seeds with rice straws and covering the rice straws with ground films; (6) film break to lead seedlings: breaking the films on seedlings for leading out the seedlings at the beginning of the protrusion of seedlings from the rice straws to push the film; (7), seedling control: utilizing diniconazole with the concentration of 100-200 mg / kg to inhibit the unnecessary growth of overground parts of the seedlings in a bud stage; (8), disease and pest prevention and treatment; (9) real-time harvest. With the advantages of labor saving, high production and excellent quality, the present invention is favorable to enhance the fertility of rice fields and improve the soil structure of rice fields.

Description

A kind of method winter-fallowed paddy field plantation potato

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method of planting potato, especially relate to a kind of method winter-fallowed paddy field plantation potato.

Background technology

Potato adaptability is strong, and the output height is one of the world four generalized grain crops.China's southern area rice workspace is behind the harvesting paddy rice, a large amount of fields in winter slack are in idle state, be suitable for developing potato planting, but at present winter-fallowed paddy field plantation potato, generally be to turn over by soil, after the bedding of whole ground, dig bunch planting kind potato, earthing adopts omnidistance covering of mulch film or covering in early stage again behind the earthing then, and the shortcoming of this method is will carry out soil to turn over, dig the cave, earthing, when gathering, potato also soil to be opened, take a lot of work very much, and because paddy soil is relatively more sticking heavy, the draining difficulty, be not suitable for expanding of potato tubers, thereby output is lower.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of saving man-hour, output is higher, product are of fine quality, and helps improving the rice field fertility, improves the method winter-fallowed paddy field plantation potato of paddy soil structure.

The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: it may further comprise the steps: (1) kind selects vegetative period short, adaptable early-maturing variety; (2) the potato seed gibberellin mixed liquor of handling available thiophanate methyl or 450～550 times of liquid of carbendazim and 15～25 mg/kg was soaked seed about 15～20 minutes, carry out stripping and slicing then, each stripping and slicing should contain 1～2 eye, monolithic weighs 35～45 grams, liquor potassic permanganate with 0.1%～0.2% in the stripping and slicing process is sterilized to cutter, potato piece after the stripping and slicing is evenly dressed seed with ash adding 4%～8% thiophanate methyl or carbendazim after 2～3h is air-dry, also can directly dress seed with fused calcium magnesium phosphorus potash fertilizer; (3) site preparation and fertilization is done furrow at the winter-fallowed paddy field trench digging, and furrow width is preferably 0.35～0.45 meter, and ditch depth is preferably 0.2～0.30 meter, the furrow face width is preferably 1.2～1.8 meters, and the soil that trench digging digs out is tiled on the furrow face, after the whole ground, per 667 square metres of furrow faces evenly spread fertilizer over the fields 10～12 kilograms of pure N, P ₂O ₅4～6 kilograms, K ₂22～26 kilograms of O; (4) begin sowing in good time generally in the mid or late December sowing, can potato seed be put in the furrow face by 30～35 * 30～35 centimetres seeding row spacing; (5) after mulching straw and mulch film potato seed set, straw is covered on the furrow face (coverage mode is optional, but preferred straw cladding process is that straw tail tail is relative, root and stem of certain plants head is covered on the furrow face outwardly), cover potato seed completely reality, cladding thickness is 6～12 centimetres (preferred version is 8～10 centimetres), then covering with plastic film thereon; (6) rupture of membranes draws the seedling seedling and begins to expose straw, beginning during teleblem, and rupture of membranes is drawn seedling at the seedling place; (7) plant regulation and control squaring period working concentration be that the uniconazole P of 100～200 mg/kg suppresses acrial part excessive growth, promote the knot potato; (8) extermination of disease and insect pest attention control aphid, grub, early blight and late blight; (9) in good time results reach a certain size when stem tuber, can gather in the crops listing successively according to market conditions.

The present invention has following beneficial effect: (1) saving of labor does not need to carry out soil and turns over, digs the cave, need not earthing after sowing, as long as mulching straw as long as straw is pushed aside, just picks potato when gathering; But the saving of labor is more than 25%; (2) help the expanding of potato tubers between soil table and straw, so it expands the obstruction that is not subjected to heavy soil because potato tubers is grown; Under equal conditions can improve output 15%～20%; (3) can improve the paddy soil quality as the straw of the cladding material later stage in the potato growth, the also field that putresces helps improving the rice field fertility, improves the soil structure in rice field.

Embodiment

The invention will be further described by the following examples.

Embodiment 1

(1) kind selects vegetative period short, and No. 5, potato in the adaptable early-maturing variety; (2) potato seed is handled and was soaked seed about 18 minutes with the gibberellin mixed liquor of 500 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl and 20 mg/kg, carries out stripping and slicing then, and each stripping and slicing contains 1～2 eye, about heavy average 40 grams of monolithic; Liquor potassic permanganate with 0.1% in the stripping and slicing process is sterilized to cutter, and the potato piece after the stripping and slicing adds the seed dressing of 6% thiophanate methyl with ash after 2.5h is air-dry; (3) site preparation and fertilization is at the furrow face trench digging of winter-fallowed paddy field by 1.5 meters wide, 0.4 meter of furrow width, 0.25 meter of ditch depth, the soil that trench digging digs out is tiled on the furrow face, and behind the whole ground, per 667 square metres are evenly spread fertilizer over the fields 120 kilograms in cake fertilizer (nitrogenous 7.0%), 40 kilograms of compound potassium sulfate fertilizers, 50 kilograms of fused calcium magnesium phosphorus potash fertilizers; (4) begin sowing in good time in sowing mid-December, potato seed is put at the furrow face by 33 * 33 centimetres seeding row spacing, every furrow are put 5 row; (5) after mulching straw and mulch film potato seed set, straw tail tail is relative, and root and stem of certain plants head was covered on the furrow face outwardly, and cladding thickness is 8～10 centimetres, then covering with plastic film thereon; (6) rupture of membranes draws the seedling seedling and begins to expose straw, beginning during teleblem, and rupture of membranes is drawn seedling at the seedling place.(7) plant regulation and control squaring period working concentration be that the uniconazole P of 150 mg/kg suppresses acrial part excessive growth, promote the knot potato; (8) extermination of disease and insect pest attention control aphid, grub, early blight and late blight; (9) in good time results reach a certain size when stem tuber, can gather in the crops listing successively according to market conditions; During results, straw is pushed aside, just can be searched potato, the potato piece after the results is placed under the sun and dries surface moisture, divides grade packaged listing then.

225 workdays of present embodiment per hectare recruitment; Kilogram surplus output can reach 24000.

Embodiment 2

East farming 303 is selected in potato seed for use; Adding 6% carbendazim with ash evenly dresses seed; All the other are with embodiment 1.Kilogram surplus output also can reach 24000.

Claims

1. the method winter-fallowed paddy field plantation potato is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps: (1) kind selects vegetative period short, adaptable early-maturing variety; (2) potato seed is handled with the gibberellin mixed liquor of thiophanate methyl or 450～550 times of liquid of carbendazim and 15～25 mg/kg and was soaked seed 15～20 minutes, carry out stripping and slicing then, each stripping and slicing should contain 1～2 eye, monolithic weighs 35～45 grams, liquor potassic permanganate with 0.1%～0.2% in the stripping and slicing process is sterilized to cutter, potato piece after the stripping and slicing is evenly dressed seed with ash adding 4%～8% thiophanate methyl or carbendazim, or is directly dressed seed with fused calcium magnesium phosphorus potash fertilizer after 2～3h is air-dry; (3) site preparation and fertilization is done furrow at the winter-fallowed paddy field trench digging, and described furrow width is 0.35～0.45 meter, and ditch depth is 0.2～0.30 meter, and the soil that trench digging digs out is tiled on the furrow face, and the furrow face width is 1.2～1.8 meters; Per 660 square metres of furrow faces evenly spread fertilizer over the fields 8～12 kilograms of pure N, P ₂O ₅4～6 kilograms, K ₂22～26 kilograms of O; (4) begin sowing in good time generally in the mid or late December sowing, can potato seed be put in the furrow face by 30～35 * 30～35 centimetres seeding row spacing; (5) after mulching straw and mulch film potato seed set, straw is covered on the furrow face, covers potato seed completely reality, the straw cladding thickness is 6～12 centimetres, again covering with plastic film on straw; (6) rupture of membranes draws the seedling seedling and begins to expose straw, beginning during teleblem, and rupture of membranes is drawn seedling at the seedling place; (7) plant regulation and control squaring period working concentration to be that the uniconazole P of 100～200 mg/kg suppresses acrial part long suddenly; (8) extermination of disease and insect pest; (9) gather in the crops in good time.

2. the method winter-fallowed paddy field plantation potato according to claim 1 is characterized in that described straw coverage mode is that straw tail tail is relative, and root and stem of certain plants head is covered on the furrow face outwardly.

3. the method winter-fallowed paddy field plantation potato according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described straw cladding thickness is 8～10 centimetres.